Patent Grant
8109116
This invention relates to a refrigerating air conditioner for use in the air conditioners or the refrigerating machines and including two or more hermetic vessels for containing a compression mechanism therein, and more particularly to an oil equalizing mechanism between the hermetic vessels.
Some of the refrigerating air conditioners for use in air conditioners or refrigerating machines comprise, in order to improve the COP (Coefficient of Performance), a main compressor for compressing a refrigerant and an expander including an expansion mechanism for expanding the refrigerant and a sub-compression mechanism for converting the expansion energy in the expansion mechanism into a mechanical energy. In such the refrigerating air conditioner, in order to prevent the decrease in the reliability of the main compressor and the expander due to the sticking or abnormal wear of the machine parts, the oil levels in the main compressor and the expander must be regulated so that shortage of the lubricating oil does not occur.
Therefore, in the conventional refrigerating air conditioner, the pressure within the hermetic vessel of the main compressor is arranged to be maintained at the suction pressure, the suction pipe to the main compression mechanism is disposed within the hermetic vessel, its opening portion is positioned above the oil level of the lubricating oil maintained in the hermetic vessel, and an oil recovery hole is provided below the opening portion and at the upper limit position of the adequate oil level within the hermetic vessel of the main compressor (see Patent Document 1, for example).
Also proposed is a refrigerating air conditioner having a first compressor and a second compressor and an equalizing oil pipe communicating the bottom portion of the first compressor with the bottom portion of the second compressor is provided (see Patent Document 2 and Patent Document 3, for example).
Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-325019 (page 8, FIGS. 8 and 9).
Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-103594 (pages 3-4, FIG. 1).
Patent Document 3: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-109337, (page 3, FIG. 1)
However, in the refrigerating air conditioner disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-325019, the suction pipe to the main compressor mechanism must be provided within the hermetic vessel for the main compressor, and the position of this suction pipe is also limited.
Also, in the refrigerating air conditioner disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-103594 and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-109337, it is a problem that the two compressors must be located at the same level in order to regulate the oil level of the lubricating oil.
The present invention has been made to solve the above-discussed problems and has as its object the provision of a refrigerating air conditioner that has no limitation on the structure of the main compressor mechanism, and that the lubricating oil levels within the first hermetic vessel and the second hermetic vessel can be regulated without the need for adjusting the installation levels of the first hermetic vessel containing the main compressor mechanism and the second hermetic vessel containing the sub-compressor mechanism.
With the above object in view, the present invention resides in a refrigeration air conditioner comprising a main compression mechanism for compressing a refrigerant; a gas cooler or a heat radiator for cooling the compressed refrigerant; an expansion mechanism for expanding the refrigerant flowing out from said gas cooler to recover power; a sub-compression mechanism disposed on discharge side or suction side of said main compression mechanism for compressing the refrigerant by the power recovered by said expansion mechanism; an evaporator for evaporating the refrigerant expanded at said expansion mechanism; a first hermetic vessel having contained therein said main compression mechanism and a lubricant oil and having an atmosphere at a suction pressure; a second hermetic vessel having contained therein said expansion mechanism, said sub-compression mechanism and said lubricant oil; a first equalizer pipe connecting a bottom portion of said first hermetic vessel and a bottom portion of said second hermetic vessel; a second equalizer pipe connecting a side of said second hermetic vessel at a position higher than the requisite minimum oil level and a suction side of said main compression mechanism; wherein a space within said second hermetic vessel is isolated from said expansion mechanism and said sub-compression mechanism; and a pressure within said second hermetic vessel is independent from the pressure within said expansion mechanism and the pressure within said sub-compression mechanism.
The refrigeration air conditioner of the present invention may comprises a main compression mechanism for compressing a refrigerant; a sub-compression mechanism disposed on discharge side or suction side of said main compression mechanism for compressing a refrigerant; a gas cooler for cooling the compressed refrigerant; an expansion valve for expanding the refrigerant flowing out from said gas cooler; an evaporator for evaporating the refrigerant expanded at said expansion valve; a first hermetic vessel having contained therein said main compression mechanism and a lubricant oil and having an atmosphere at a suction pressure; a second hermetic vessel having contained therein said sub-compression mechanism and said lubricant oil; a first equalizer pipe connecting a bottom portion of said first hermetic vessel and a bottom portion of said second hermetic vessel; a second equalizer pipe connecting a side of said second hermetic vessel at a position higher than the requisite minimum oil level and a suction side of said main compression mechanism; wherein a space within said second hermetic vessel is isolated from said sub-compression mechanism; and a pressure within said second hermetic vessel is independent from the pressure within said sub-compression mechanism.
According to the present invention, a refrigerating air conditioner is provided that has no limitation on the structure of the main compressor mechanism, and that the lubricating oil levels within the first hermetic vessel and the second hermetic vessel can be regulated without the need for adjusting the installation levels of the first hermetic vessel containing the main compressor mechanism and the second hermetic vessel containing the sub-compressor mechanism.
a) is a plan view of a second scroll and
In
The sub-compressor mechanism 3 is disposed on the discharge side of the main-compressor mechanism 7, and the discharge side of the main compressor mechanism 7 and the suction side of the sub-compressor mechanism 3 are connected to each other by means of a main compressor discharge pipe 18 and a sub-compressor suction pipe 19. Also, the discharge side of the sub-compressor mechanism 3 and inlet side of a gas cooler or a heat radiator 11 cooling the refrigerator are connected by a sub-compressor discharge pipe 20. Further, the outlet side of the gas cooler 11 and the suction side of the expansion mechanism 2 are connected to each other by means of a gas cooler outlet pipe 25 and an expander suction pipe 15, and a second expansion valve 14 is provided in the middle of the expander suction pipe 5.
On the other hand, the outlet side of the gas cooler 11 and the inlet side of the evaporator 12 are connected to each other via a bypass pipe 26 and an evaporator flow pipe 27, and a first expansion valve 13 is inserted in the bypass pipe 26. Also, the outlet side of the expansion mechanism 2 and the inlet side of the evaporator 12 are connected to each other via an expander discharge pipe 16 and the evaporator flow pipe 27. The expander suction pipe 15 and the bypass pipe 26 are connected to the gas cooler flow pipe 25 at a branch point 28, and the bypass pipe 26 and the expander discharge pipe 16 are connected to the evaporator flow pipe 27 at the junction point 29. The outlet side of the evaporator 12 and the suction side of the main compressor mechanism 7 are connected to each other via the main compressor suction pipe 17 and the first hermetic vessel 8.
The inner space of the second hermetic vessel 4 is isolated from the expansion mechanism 2 and the sub compressor mechanism 3, so that the pressure within the second hermetic vessel 4 does not depend upon the pressure within the expansion mechanism 2 or the pressure within the main compressor mechanism 3. Also, the pressure within the first hermetic vessel 8 is at the suction pressure because the main compressor suction pipe 17 is connected to the first hermetic vessel 8.
The bottom portion of the second hermetic vessel 4 and the bottom portion of the first hermetic vessel 8 are connected to each other by a first equalizer 21, and the first equalizer pipe 21 is provided with a check valve 23 for preventing the flowing out of the lubricating oil 9 from the second hermetic vessel 4 into the first hermetic vessel 8. An oil level A shown by a dash line In
The operation of the refrigerating air conditioner of this embodiment according to the present invention will now be described in conjunction with
When the main compressor mechanism 7 is driven by the electric motor 6, the refrigerant at low temperature and low pressure and in the gaseous state is suctioned from the main compressor suction pipe 17 into the first hermetic vessel 8. The refrigerant suctioned from the first hermetic vessel 8 to the main compressor mechanism 7 is compressed to an intermediate pressure and discharged from the main compressor discharge pipe 18. The refrigerant at the intermediate pressure introduced into the sub compressor suction pipe 19 from the main compressor discharge pipe 18 is further compressed by the sub compressor mechanism 3 to high temperature and high pressure and discharged into the sub compressor discharge pipe 20. The refrigerant discharged into the sub compressor discharge pipe 20 dissipates its heat at the gas cooler 11 and flows into the gas cooler flow pipe 25. The refrigerant flown out into the gas cooler flow pipe 25 is branched at the branch point 28 into one portion that flows into the expander suction pipe 15 and the other portion that flows into the bypass pipe 26.
The refrigerant introduced into the expander suction pipe 15 is first depressurized at the second expansion valve 14 so that the operation is achieved at the adequate compression ratio at the expansion mechanism 2, and then introduced into the expansion mechanism 2 via the expander suction pipe 15. The refrigerant expanded at the expansion mechanism 2 is now in the vapor-liquid two phase state at low temperature and low pressure and discharged into the expander discharge pipe 16. On the other hand, the refrigerant that flows into the bypass pipe 26 is expanded and depressurized by the first expansion valve 13 in order to regulate the flow rate when the operating conditions of the refrigerating air conditioner is changed. The refrigerant expanded and depressurize at the first expansion valve 13 is joined at the junction point 29 with the refrigerant supplied from the expander discharge pipe 16 and flows into the evaporator 12 via the evaporator flow pipe 27. The refrigerant introduced into the evaporator 12 is heated and evaporated and then flows back into the first hermetic vessel 8 via the main compressor suction pipe 17.
Here, the pressure at the suction side of the main compressor mechanism 7 and the pressure at the discharge side of the expansion mechanism 2 are referred to as a low pressure, and the pressure at the suction side of the expansion mechanism 2 and the pressure at the discharge side of the sub compressor mechanism 3 are referred to as a high pressure, and the pressure at the discharge side of the main compressor mechanism 7 which is at the suction side of the sub compressor mechanism 3 is referred to as an intermediate pressure.
Then the behavior of the lubricating oil 9 within the second hermetic vessel 4 and the first hermetic vessel 8 during the above-discussed operation will now be described in conjunction with
ΔP1=ρogH (1)
where, ρo is density of the lubricating oil 9 and g is the gravitational acceleration.
On the other hand, assuming that the flow speed of the vaporized refrigerant within the main compressor suction pipe 17 at the connecting point B between the second equalizer pipe 22 and the main compressor suction pipe 17 is V, then the dynamic pressure ΔP2 is given by equation (2):
ΔP2=ρrV2/2 (2)
where, ρr is the density of the vaporized refrigerant.
The pressure Pb within the second hermetic vessel 4 is the pressure that does not depend upon the pressure within the expansion mechanism 2 or the pressure within the sub compressor mechanism 3, and since the second hermetic vessel 4 and the main compressor suction pipe 17 are connected to each other, the pressure Pb within the second hermetic vessel 4 is always lower than the pressure Pa within the first hermetic vessel 8 by ΔP2. Therefore, the dynamic pressure ΔP2 generated by the flow speed V of the vaporized refrigerant is also given by equation (3):
ΔP2=Pa−Pb (3)
When the flow speed V of the gaseous refrigerant in the main compressor suction pipe 17 is large and ΔP2>ΔP1, the lubricating oil 9 flows from the first hermetic vessel 8 to the second hermetic vessel 4 through the first equalizer pipe 21 against the pressure difference ΔP1 due to the height difference H between the oil level within the second hermetic vessel 4 and the first hermetic vessel 8, whereby the oil level within the second hermetic vessel 4 is elevated. When the oil level within the second hermetic vessel 4 is elevated and reaches to the height of the second equalizer pipe 22, the lubricating oil flows out through the second equalizer pipe 22 into the main compressor suction pipe 17. The lubricating oil 9 introduced into the main compressor suction pipe 17 is lead into the first hermetic vessel 8, increasing the oil amount within the first hermetic vessel 8, whereby the oil level within the respective hermetic vessels 4 and 8 are regulated.
Contrary to the above, when the flow speed V of the gaseous refrigerant in the main compressor suction pipe 17 is small and ΔP2<ΔP1, the lubricating oil 9 tends to flow from the side of the second hermetic vessel 4 into the first hermetic vessel 8. However, the check valve 23 prevents the lubricating oil 9 from flowing into the first hermetic vessel 8 from the side of the second hermetic vessel 4, but the oil level within the second hermetic vessel 4 is not lowered and is maintained.
Also, even when the second hermetic vessel 4 is installed at a high position and the height difference H between the oil level within the second hermetic vessel 4 and the oil level within the first hermetic vessel 8 is large, the oil levels within the respective hermetic vessels 4 and 8 are regulated by the above-discussed function.
As has been described, the refrigerating air conditioner according to the first embodiment of the present invention comprises the first equalizing pipe 21 connecting the first hermetic vessel 8 and the second hermetic vessel 4 at their bottom portions and the second equalizing pipe 22 connecting the second hermetic vessel 4 at a position on the side above the requisite minimum oil level A to the suction side of the main compressor mechanism 7, the inside of the first hermetic vessel 8 being filled with an atmosphere at the suction pressure and the inside space of the second hermetic vessel 4 being isolated from the expansion mechanism 2 and the sub expansion mechanism 3, and the pressure in the second hermetic vessel 4 does not depend upon the pressure within the expansion mechanism 2 or the sub compressor mechanism 3. Therefore, the oil level in the respective hermetic vessels 4 and 8 can be automatically regulated irrespective of the flow speed V of the gaseous refrigerant in the main compressor mechanism 2 and the sub compressor mechanism 3, or the amount of the height difference H between the oil level in the second hermetic vessel 4 and the first hermetic vessel 8. Therefore, the decrease of the reliability due to the sticking or abnormal wear of the sliding parts of the main compressor 5 and the expander 1.
Next, a scroll type expander will now be described in terms of its structure and the operation as an example of the expander 1 having the expansion mechanism 2 and the sub compressor mechanism 3 driven by the power recovered by the expansion mechanism 2 and compressing the refrigerant according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
In
A shaft 78 is rotatably supported at both ends by bearing portions 51b and 61b each disposed at the center of the first fixed scroll 51 and the second fixed scroll 61. The first orbiting scroll 52 and the second orbiting scroll 62 are respectively passed through and supported at an eccentric bearing portions 52b and 62b formed in their centers by a crank portion 78a fitted on the shaft 79 so that they achieve orbiting motions. The requisite minimum oil level A is at the lower end of the shaft 78, which is the minimum oil level of the lubricating oil 9 necessary for lubricating the bearing portion 51b and 61b as well as the eccentric bearing portions 52b and 62b.
Provided on the side wall of the second hermetic vessel 4 and at the outer circumference of the expansion mechanism 2 are the expander suction pipe 15 for sucking the refrigerant and the expander discharge pipe 16 for discharging the expanded refrigerant. On the other hand, on the upper wall of the second hermetic vessel 4 and above the sub compressor mechanism 3, the sub compressor mechanism suction pipe 19 for sucking the refrigerant is provided, and on the side wall of the second hermetic vessel 4 and at the outer circumference of the sub compressor mechanism 3, the sub compressor discharge pipe 20 for discharging the compressed refrigerant is provided.
Also, on the bottom portion of the second hermetic vessel 4, the first equalizer pipe 21 is connected for communicating the bottom portion of the first hermetic vessel 8, and on the side wall of the second hermetic vessel 4 and at the position higher than the requisite minimum oil level A, the second equalizer pipe 22 for the connection to main compressor suction pipe 17.
In the sub compressor mechanism 3, the spiral teeth 61c and 62c of the first fixed scroll 61 and the second orbiting scroll 62 has mounted, on their respective tips, tip seals 71 for sealing a sub-compression chamber 3a defined between the scroll wrap 61c of the second fixed scroll 61 and the scroll wrap 62c of the second orbiting scroll 62. Also, an inner circumferential seal 72a is disposed on the surface of the second orbiting scroll 62 facing to the second fixed scroll 61 and at the outer circumference of the eccentric bearing portion 62b to function as a seal member for sealing between the second orbiting scroll 62 and the fixed scroll 61. Further, an outer circumferential seal 73a is disposed on the surface of the second fixed scroll 61 facing to the second orbiting scroll 61 and at the outer circumference of the scroll wrap 61c to function as a seal member for sealing between the second orbiting scroll 62 and the fixed scroll 61.
On the other hand, in the expansion mechanism 2, similarly to the sub-compressor mechanism 3, an inner circumferential seal 72b is disposed on the surface of the first orbiting scroll 52 facing to the first orbiting scroll 52 and at the outer circumference of the eccentric bearing portion 52b to function as a seal member for sealing between the first orbiting scroll 52 and the first fixed scroll 51. Further, an outer circumferential seal 73b is disposed on the surface of the first fixed scroll 51 facing to the first fixed scroll 51 and at the outer circumference of the scroll wrap 51c to function as a seal member for sealing between the first orbiting scroll 52 and the first fixed scroll 51. Further, the outer circumference portion of the base plate 51a of the first fixed scroll 51 and the outer circumference portion of the base plate 52a of the first fixed scroll 52 are arranged to contact to each other.
The first orbiting scroll 52 and the second orbiting scroll 62 are joined together by a connecting element such as a pin and prevented from the rotation by an Oldham's ring 77 disposed in the sub-compressor mechanism 3. Also, in order to cancel out the centrifugal forces generated by the rotation of the orbiting scrolls 52, 62, balance weights 79a, 79b are attached to both ends of the shaft 78. The first orbiting scroll 52 and the second orbiting scroll 62 may by made in one piece member with the base plates 52a, 62a arranged as a common member.
In the expansion mechanism 2, the power is generated by the expansion of the high pressure refrigerant suctioned from the expander suction pipe 15 within the expansion chamber 2a defined by the scroll wrap 51c of the first fixed scroll 51 and the scroll wrap 52c of the first orbiting scroll 52. The refrigerant expanded and decompressed within the expansion chamber 2a is discharged from the expander discharge pipe 16 to the exterior of the second hermetic vessel 4. The power generated at the expansion mechanism 2 compresses and pressure-raises the refrigerant introduced from the sub-compressor suction pipe 19 within the sub-compression chamber 3a of the sub-compressor mechanism 3. The refrigerant compressed and pressure-raised within the sub-compression chamber 3a is discharged from the sub-compressor machine discharge pipe 20 to the exterior of the second hermetic vessel 4.
The expansion mechanism 2 achieves the expansion step from the high pressure to the low pressure, and the sub-compression mechanism 3 achieves the compression step from the intermediate pressure to the high pressure. Therefore, in the orbiting scrolls 52 and 62, a high pressure acts on both of the expansion chamber 2a at the center and the sub-compression chamber 3a at the center, a low pressure acts on the expansion chamber 2a, and an intermediate pressure acts on the outer circumferential 3a. The sub-compression chamber 3a and the space within the second hermetic vessel 4 are isolated from by an inner circumferential seal 72a and an outer circumferential seal 73a, and the expansion chamber 2a and the space defined in the second hermetic vessel 4.
At the inner end portion of the scroll wrap 52c of the first orbiting scroll 52, a thick portion 52d is provided, and the thick portion 52d has formed therein an eccentric bearing portion 52b extending therethrough for allowing a crank portion 78 to be inserted therein. Formed on the thick portion 52d of the first orbiting scroll 52 and in the outer circumference of the eccentric bearing portion 52b is an inner seal groove 52g, and an inner seal 72b is inserted within the inner seal groove 52g. Also, formed on the base plate 51a of the first fixed scroll 51 and in the outer circumference of the scroll wrap 51c is an outer seal groove 51g, and an outer seal 73b is inserted therein.
The base plate 51a of the first fixed scroll 51 is provided with a suction port 51d for sucking the refrigerant and a discharge port 51e for discharging the refrigerant. The suction port 51d has an elongated hole-shape for maintaining the opening area and is connected to the expander suction pipe 15. Also, a notch portion 52e is provided in the thick portion 52d in order to decrease the area that closes the suction port 51d during the orbiting motion. The discharge port 51e is disposed at the position in which it does not interfere with the outer end portion of the scroll wrap 52c of the first orbiting scroll 52 and connected to the expander discharge pipe 16.
a) is a plan view of the second scroll and
As shown in
At the inner end portion of the scroll wrap 62c of the second orbiting scroll 62, a thick portion 62d is provided and, similarly to the first orbiting scroll 52 of the expansion mechanism 2, an eccentric bearing portion 62b into which a crank portion 78a is inserted is formed to extend therethrough. Also, the base plate 61a of the second fixed scroll 61 is provided with a suction port 61d for sucking the refrigerant and a discharge port 61e for discharging the refrigerant. The discharge port 61e has an elongated hole shape for maintaining the opening area and is connected to the sub-compressor suction pipe 20. Also, a notch portion 62e is provided in the thick portion 62d in order to decrease the area that closes the discharge port 61e during the orbiting motion. The suction port 61d is disposed at the position in which it does not interfere with the outer end portion of the scroll wrap 62c of the second orbiting scroll 62 and connected to the sub-compressor suction pipe 19.
In the tip end surfaces of the scroll wraps 61c, 62c, tip seal grooves 61f, 62f are formed for receiving therein tip seals 71. In the thick portion 62d of the second orbiting scroll 62 and in the outer circumference of the eccentric bearing portion 62b, an inner circumference groove 62g for inserting an inner seal 72a is formed. Also, on the base plate 61a of the second fixed scroll 61 and in the outer circumference of the scroll wrap 61c, an outer seal groove 61g for inserting the outer seal 73a.
In
In the expander of the scroll type as above described, the inner seals 72a, 72b are disposed on the inner circumference portion of the first orbiting scroll 52 and the inner circumference portion of the second orbiting scroll 62, and the outer seals 73a, 73b are disposed on the outer circumference portion of the first fixed scroll 51 and the outer circumference portion of the second fixed scroll 61. Therefore, the space within the second hermetic vessel 4 is isolated from the expansion mechanism 2 and the sub-compressor mechanism 3, so that the pressure within the second hermetic vessel 4 does not depend upon the pressure within the expansion mechanism 2 and the pressure within the sub-compressor mechanism 3, whereby the oil level can be stably regulated
In this embodiment, the inner seals 72a, 72b which are seal members are disposed on the inner circumference portion of the first orbiting scroll 52 and the inner circumference portion of the second orbiting scroll 62, but the inner seals 72a, 72b which are seal members may be disposed on the inner circumference portion of the first fixed scroll 51 and the inner circumference portion of the second fixed scroll 52. Also, in this embodiment, the outer seals 73a, 73b which are seal members are disposed on the outer circumference portion of the first fixed scroll 51 and the outer circumference portion of the second fixed scroll 61, but the outer seals 73a, 73b which are seal members may be disposed on the outer circumference portion of the first orbiting scroll 52 and the outer circumference portion of the second orbiting scroll 62.
Further, in this embodiment, the scroll type expander is described as the expander 1 used in the refrigerating air conditioner, but any type of expander such as multi-vane type or rotary type machine may equally be used as long as the pressure within the second hermetic vessel 4 does not depend upon the pressure within the expansion mechanism 2 and the pressure within the sub-compressor mechanism 3.
Also, in this embodiment, the centrifugal pump 76 is described as the pump for feeding the lubricating oil 9 into the bearing and the sliding portion, but any type of pump such as a volume-type pump including the troquoid pump may equally be used. When a volume-type pump is used, the level of the suction port of the pump is the requisite minimum oil level.
In embodiment 1, the description has been made as to the refrigerating air conditioner in which the installation level of the second hermetic vessel 4 is higher than the installation level of the first hermetic vessel 8. In embodiment 2, the description will be made as to a refrigerating air conditioner in which the installation level of the second hermetic vessel 4 is lower than the installation level of the first hermetic vessel B.
The refrigerating air conditioner of embodiment 2 of the present invention is different from the refrigerating air conditioner of the embodiment 1 in that, as shown in
The behavior of the lubricating oil 9 within the second hermetic vessel 4 and the first hermetic vessel 8 of embodiment 2 will now be described in terms of FIG. 6. In
The lubricating oil 9 flows into the main compressor suction pipe 17 is introduced into the first hermetic vessel 8 to increase the oil amount within the first hermetic vessel 8, so that the oil level in each of the hermetic vessels 4 and 8 is regulated. Therefore, the check valve 23 is not necessary in the first equalizer pipe 21. When the refrigeration air conditioner is not operated, it is necessary to prevent the lubricating oil 9 within the first hermetic vessel 8 from moving into the second hermetic vessel 4 via the first equalizer pipe 21 due to the level difference H. Thus, the arrangement is such that the electromagnetic valve 24 disposed in the first equalizer pipe 21 is closed when the refrigerating air conditioner is not operated. The electromagnetic valve 24 is open when the refrigerating air conditioner is operated.
As has been described, the refrigerating air conditioner according to embodiment 2 of the present invention comprises the first equalizer pipe 21 connecting the bottom portion of the first hermetic vessel 8 and the bottom portion of the second hermetic vessel 4, and the second equalizer pipe 22 connecting the side of the second hermetic vessel 4 at a position higher than the requisite minimum oil level A and the suction side of the main compression mechanism 7, the inside of the first hermetic vessel 8 being filled with an atmosphere at the suction pressure, the space within the second hermetic vessel 4 being isolated from the sub-compression mechanism 3, and the pressure within the second hermetic vessel 4 being independent from the pressure within the sub-compression mechanism 3. Therefore, the oil level in the respective hermetic vessels 4 and 8 can be automatically regulated irrespective of the flow speed V of the gaseous refrigerant in the main compressor mechanism suction pipe 17, or the amount of the level difference H between the oil level in the second hermetic vessel 4 and the oil level in the first hermetic vessel 8. Therefore, the decrease of the reliability due to the sticking or abnormal wear of the sliding parts of the main compressor 5 and the expander 1.
In embodiment 2 of the present invention, the description has been made as to the refrigerating air conditioner in which the installation level of the second hermetic vessel 4 is lower than the installation level of the first hermetic vessel 8, but the same applies to the refrigerating air conditioner in which the installation level of the second hermetic vessel 4 is the same as the installation level of the first hermetic vessel 8. When the installation level of the second hermetic vessel 4 is the same as the installation level of the first hermetic vessel 8, the electromagnetic valve 24 is not necessary.
As apparent from embodiment 1 and embodiment 2, the refrigeration air conditioner of the present invention comprises the first equalizer pipe 21 connecting the bottom portion of the first hermetic vessel 8 and the bottom portion of the second hermetic vessel 4, and the second equalizer pipe 22 connecting the side of the second hermetic vessel 4 at the position higher than the requisite minimum oil level A and the suction side of the main compression mechanism 7, and the space within the second hermetic vessel 4 is isolated from the expansion mechanism 2 and the sub-compression mechanism, and the pressure within the second hermetic vessel 4 is independent from the pressure within the expansion mechanism 2 and the pressure within the sub-compression mechanism 3. Therefore, the oil level in the respective hermetic vessels 4 and 8 can be automatically regulated irrespective of the installation level of each of the first hermetic vessel 8 and the second hermetic vessel 4. Therefore, the decrease of the reliability due to the sticking or abnormal wear of the sliding parts of the main compressor 5 and the expander 1.
In the embodiment 1 and embodiment 2, the refrigerant air conditioner having the sub-compression mechanism 3 disposed on the discharge side of the main compression mechanism 7 is described. In embodiment 3, a refrigerating air conditioner in which the sub-compression mechanism 3 is disposed on the suction side of the main compression mechanism 7.
In
The operation of the refrigerating air conditioner according to embodiment 3 of the present invention will now be described in conjunction with
When the main compression mechanism 7 is driven by the electric motor mechanism 6, the refrigerant in the gas state pressurized to the intermediate pressure in the sub-compression mechanism flows from the main compressor suction pipe 17 into the first hermetic vessel 8, and it is suctioned by the main compression mechanism 7 when the first hermetic vessel 8 reaches to the intermediate pressure atmosphere. The refrigerant in the gas state that is further compressed in the main compression mechanism 7 into the high temperature, high pressure refrigerant, is discharged into the main compressor discharge pipe 18. The refrigerant in the gas state discharged into the main compression discharge pipe 18 flows out to the gas cooler flow pipe 25 after it dissipates heat in the gas cooler 11. One portion of the refrigerant flowed into the gas cooler flow pipe 25 is lead to the expander suction pipe 15 at the junction 28, the remaining portion being lead to the bypass pipe 26.
The refrigerant lead into the expander suction pipe 15 is decompressed by the second expansion valve 14 so that it is worked in the expansion mechanism 2 at a proper compression ratio and then lead from the expander suction pipe 15 into the expansion mechanism 2, where it is expanded. The refrigerant expanded in the expansion mechanism 2 becomes into the low temperature and low pressure liquid-gas phase state and discharged into the expander discharge pipe 16. On the other hand, the refrigerant lead into the bypass pipe 26 is expanded and decompressed by the first expansion valve 13 so the flow rate may be regulated when the operating conditions of the refrigerating air conditioner are changed. The refrigerant expanded and decompressed at the first expansion valve 13 joins with the refrigerant discharged into the expander discharge pipe 16 at the junction point 29 and introduced into the evaporator 12 via the evaporator inlet pipe 27. The refrigerant introduced into the evaporator 12 is suctioned into the sub-compression mechanism 3 via the sub-compressor suction pipe 19 after it is heated and evaporated. The refrigerant suctioned into the sub-compression mechanism 3 is compressed to the intermediate pressure and discharged into the sub-compressor discharge pipe 20. The refrigerant discharged into the sub-compressor discharge pipe 20 flows through the main compressor suction pipe 17, flows into the first hermetic vessel 8 and again suctioned into the main compression mechanism 7.
Here, the pressure on the suction side of the sub-compression mechanism 3 and the pressure on the discharge side of the expansion mechanism 2 are referred to as low pressures, the pressure on the suction side of the expansion mechanism 2 and the pressure on the discharge side of the main compression mechanism 7 are referred to as high pressures, and the pressure on the discharge side of the sub-compression mechanism 3 which is the pressure on the suction side of the main compression mechanism 7 are referred to as intermediate pressures.
Next, the behavior of the lubricating oil 9 within the second hermetic vessel 4 and within the first hermetic vessel 8 during the above operation will now be described in conjunction with
Therefore, as in the refrigerating air conditioner according to embodiment 2, the lubricating oil 9 flows through the second equalizer pipe 22 to flows out from the second hermetic vessel 4 into the main compressor suction pipe 17. The lubricating oil 9 flows into the main compressor suction pipe 17 is lead into the first hermetic vessel 8 to increase the oil amount within the first hermetic vessel 8, whereby the oil levels in the respective hermetic vessels are regulated.
As has been described, the refrigerating air conditioner according to embodiment 3 of the present invention comprises the first equalizer pipe 21 connecting the bottom portion of the first hermetic vessel 8 and the bottom portion of the second hermetic vessel 4, and the second equalizer pipe 22 connecting the side of the second hermetic vessel 4 at a position higher than the requisite minimum oil level A and the suction side of the main compression mechanism 7, the inside of the first hermetic vessel 8 being filled with an atmosphere at the suction pressure, the space within the second hermetic vessel 4 being isolated from the sub-compression mechanism 3, and the pressure within the second hermetic vessel 4 being independent from the pressure within the sub-compression mechanism 3. Therefore, the oil level in the respective hermetic vessels 4 and 8 can be automatically regulated irrespective of the flow speed V of the gaseous refrigerant in the main compressor mechanism suction pipe 17, or the amount of the level difference H between the oil level in the second hermetic vessel 4 and the oil level in the first hermetic vessel 8. Therefore, the decrease of the reliability due to the sticking or abnormal wear of the sliding parts of the main compressor 5 and the expander 1.
The description has been made as to the refrigerating air conditioner in which the installation level of the second hermetic vessel 4 is lower than the installation level of the first hermetic vessel 8, but even when the installation level of the second hermetic vessel 4 is the same as the installation level of the first hermetic vessel 8, the behavior of the lubricating oil is the same and similar advantageous results can be obtained. When the installation level of the second hermetic vessel 4 is higher than the installation level of the first hermetic vessel 8, the lubricating oil 9 operates in a manner similar to that of embodiment 1 and similar advantageous results discussed in conjunction with the refrigerating air conditioner according to embodiment 1 can be obtained.
Accordingly, as apparent from embodiment 1 to embodiment 3, the refrigeration air conditioner of the present invention comprises the first equalizer pipe 21 connecting the bottom portion of the first hermetic vessel 8 and the bottom portion of the second hermetic vessel 4, and the second equalizer pipe 22 connecting the side of the second hermetic vessel 4 at the position higher than the requisite minimum oil level A and the suction side of the main compression mechanism 7, the inside of the first hermetic vessel 8 being filled with an atmosphere at the suction pressure, the space within the second hermetic vessel 4 is isolated from the expansion mechanism 2 and the sub-compression mechanism, and the pressure within the second hermetic vessel 4 is independent from the pressure within the expansion mechanism 2 and the pressure within the sub-compression mechanism 3. Therefore, the oil level in the respective hermetic vessels 4 and 8 can be automatically regulated irrespective of the installation level of each of the first hermetic vessel 8 and the second hermetic vessel 4. Therefore, the decrease of the reliability due to the sticking or abnormal wear of the sliding parts of the main compressor 5 and the expander 1.
In the embodiment 1 to embodiment 3, the refrigerant air conditioner having the expansion mechanism 2 and the sub-compression mechanism 3 disposed within hermetic vessel 4. In embodiment 4, a refrigerating air conditioner in which the sub-compression mechanism 3 driven by the electric motor mechanism 6 is disposed within the second hermetic vessel 4.
In
The sub compression mechanism 3 is disposed on the discharge side of the main compression mechanism 7, and the discharge side of the main compression mechanism 7 and the suction side of the sub-compression mechanism 3 are connected to each other via the main compressor discharge pipe 18 and the sub-compressor suction pipe 19. Also, the discharge side of the sub-compressor 3 and the inlet side of the gas cooler 11 for cooling the refrigerant are connected to each other via the sub-compressor discharge pipe 20. Further, the outlet side of the gas cooler 11 and the inlet side of the evaporator 12 are connected to each other via the gas cooler flow pipe 25. The first expansion valve 13 for expanding the refrigerant is disposed in the gas cooler flow pipe 25. The outlet side of the evaporator 12 and the suction side of the main compression mechanism 7 are connected to each other via the main compressor suction pipe 17 and the first hermetic vessel 8.
Here, since the space within the second hermetic vessel 4 is isolated from the sub-compression mechanism 3, the pressure within the second hermetic vessel 4 is not dependent upon the pressure within the sub-compression mechanism 3. Also, the pressure within the first hermetic vessel 8 is the suction pressure because the main compressor suction pipe 17 is connected to the first hermetic vessel 8.
The bottom portion of the second hermetic vessel 4 and the bottom portion of the first hermetic vessel 8 are connected to each other via the first equalizer pipe 21, and the first equalizer pipe 21 is provided therein with the check valve 23 for preventing the flow of the lubricating oil 9 from the second hermetic vessel 4 to the first hermetic vessel 8. Also, the side of the second hermetic vessel 4 at the position higher than the requisite minimum oil level A and the main compressor suction pipe 17 which is the suction side of the main compression mechanism 7 are connected to each other via the second equalizer pipe 22.
The operation of the refrigerating air conditioner according to embodiment 4 of the present invention will now be described in conjunction with
When the main compressor mechanism 7 is driven by the electric motor mechanism 6, the refrigerant at low temperature and low pressure and in the gaseous state is suctioned from the main compressor suction pipe 17 into the first hermetic vessel 8. The refrigerant suctioned from the first hermetic vessel 8 to the main compressor mechanism 7 is compressed to an intermediate pressure and discharged through the main compressor discharge pipe 18. The refrigerant at the intermediate pressure introduced into the sub compressor suction pipe 19 from the main compressor discharge pipe 18 is further compressed by the sub compressor mechanism 3 to be high temperature and high pressure and discharged into the sub compressor discharge pipe 20. The refrigerant discharged into the sub compressor discharge pipe 20 dissipates its heat at the gas cooler 11 and flows into the gas cooler flow pipe 25. The refrigerant flown out into the gas cooler flow pipe 25 is expanded at the first expansion valve 13 to become into the vapor-liquid two phase state at low temperature and low pressure state and flows into the evaporator 12. The refrigerant introduced into the evaporator 12 is heated and evaporated and then flows back into the first hermetic vessel 8 via the main compressor suction pipe 17.
Here, the pressure at the suction side of the main compressor mechanism 7 is referred to as a low pressure, the pressure at the discharge side of the sub compression mechanism 3 is referred to as a high pressure, and the pressure at the discharge side of the main compression mechanism 7 which is at the suction side of the sub compression mechanism 3 is referred to as an intermediate pressure.
The behavior of the lubricating oil 9 within the second hermetic vessel 4 and the first hermetic vessel 8 in the above-described operation is similar to that described in relation to the refrigerating air conditioner of embodiment 1 and the oil level in each of the hermetic vessels 4 and 8 is automatically regulated.
As has been described, the refrigeration air conditioner according to embodiment 4 of the present invention comprises the first equalizer pipe 21 connecting the bottom portion of the first hermetic vessel 8 and the bottom portion of the second hermetic vessel 4, and the second equalizer pipe 22 connecting the side of the second hermetic vessel 4 at the position higher than the requisite minimum oil level A and the suction side of the main compression mechanism 7, the inside of the first hermetic vessel 8 being filled with an atmosphere at the suction pressure, the space within the second hermetic vessel 4 is isolated from the sub-compression mechanism, and the pressure within the second hermetic vessel 4 is not dependent upon the pressure within the sub-compression mechanism 3. Therefore, the oil level in the respective hermetic vessels 4 and 8 can be automatically regulated irrespective of the flow speed V of the gaseous refrigerant within the main compressor suction pipe 17, the level difference H between the oil level within the second hermetic vessel 4 and the oil level within the first hermetic vessel 8. Therefore, the decrease of the reliability due to the sticking or abnormal wear of the sliding parts of the main compressor 5 and the expander 1.
In embodiment 4, the description has been made as to the refrigerating air conditioner in which the installation level of the second hermetic vessel 4 is higher than the installation level of the first hermetic vessel 8, but even when the installation level of the second hermetic vessel 4 is lower than the installation level of the first hermetic vessel 8, or even when the installation level of the second hermetic vessel 4 is the same as the installation level of the first hermetic vessel 8, advantageous results similar to those discussed above can be obtained. When the installation level of the second hermetic vessel 4 is lower than the installation level of the first hermetic vessel 8, or the installation level of the second hermetic vessel 4 is the same as the installation level of the first hermetic vessel 8, the check valve 23 is not necessary. When the installation level of the second hermetic vessel 4 is lower than the installation level of the first hermetic vessel 8, the electromagnetic valve 24, which closes when the refrigerating air conditioner is not operated, may be provided in the first equalizer pipe 21, as in the case of embodiment 2. When the refrigerating air conditioner is not operated, the electromagnetic valve 24 prevents the lubricating oil 9 from moving from the first hermetic vessel 8 to the second hermetic vessel 4 through the first equalizer pipe 21.
While embodiment 4 is described in terms of the sub-compression mechanism 3 disposed on the discharge side of the main compression mechanism 7, the sub-compression mechanism 3 may be disposed on the suction side of the main compression mechanism 7 and advantageous results as above discussed can be obtained. Also, the main compression mechanism 7 and the sub-compression mechanism 3 are directly connected in series in embodiment 4, but similar advantageous results can also be obtained when the main compression mechanism 7 and the sub-compression mechanism 3 are connected in parallel.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2005-245892 | Aug 2005 | JP | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2006/310326 | 5/24/2006 | WO | 00 | 10/29/2007 |
| Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| WO2007/023599 | 3/1/2007 | WO | A |
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| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20090064709 A1 | Mar 2009 | US |
