The present invention generally relates to vehicle lighting systems and more particularly relates to vehicle lighting systems employing photoluminescent structures.
Illumination arising from the use of photoluminescent structures offers a unique and attractive viewing experience. It is therefore desired to implement such structures in automotive vehicles for various lighting applications.
According to one aspect of the present invention, a dual purpose lighting assembly for a vehicle is provided. A puddle lamp assembly is disposed proximate a doorway and operable to emit light by luminescence to illuminate a ground area outside the vehicle. A dome lamp assembly is disposed next to the puddle lamp assembly and operable to emit light by luminescence to illuminate a vehicle cabin area.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a dual purpose lighting assembly for a vehicle is provided. A puddle lamp assembly is located adjacent a doorway and operable to emit light by luminescence to illuminate a ground area outside the vehicle. A dome lamp assembly is disposed next to the puddle lamp assembly and operable to emit light by luminescence to illuminate a vehicle cabin area. The puddle and dome lamp assemblies are each coupled to a roof structure.
According to yet another aspect of the present invention, a dual purpose lighting assembly is provided. A first light-producing assembly is disposed proximate a doorway and operable to emit light in a vehicle-outward direction. A second light-producing assembly is disposed next to the first light-producing assembly and operable to emit light in a vehicle-inward direction. A controller is provided for selectively operating the first and second light-producing assemblies based on at least one input signal.
These and other aspects, objects, and features of the present invention will be understood and appreciated by those skilled in the art upon studying the following specification, claims, and appended drawings.
In the drawings:
As required, detailed embodiments of the present invention are disclosed herein. However, it is to be understood that the disclosed embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention that may be embodied in various and alternative forms. The figures are not necessarily to a detailed design and some schematics may be exaggerated or minimized to show function overview. Therefore, specific structural and functional details disclosed herein are not to be interpreted as limiting, but merely as a representative basis for teaching one skilled in the art to variously employ the present invention.
As used herein, the term “and/or,” when used in a list of two or more items, means that any one of the listed items can be employed by itself, or any combination of two or more of the listed items can be employed. For example, if a composition is described as containing components A, B, and/or C, the composition can contain A alone; B alone; C alone; A and B in combination; A and C in combination; B and C in combination; or A, B, and C in combination.
The following disclosure is related to a dual purpose lighting assembly for use in a vehicle and operable as a puddle lamp and a dome lamp. While the dual purpose lighting assembly is contemplated for use in automobiles, it should be appreciated that the dual purpose lighting assembly disclosed herein may be similarly adapted for use in other types of vehicles designed to transport one or more passengers such as, but not limited to, all-terrain vehicles, aircraft, watercraft, and locomotives.
Referring to
Referring to
As shown in
The positive and negative electrodes 32a, 38a of the puddle lamp assembly 16 are each electrically connected to a controller 40 via a corresponding bus bar 42a, 44a and a corresponding conductive lead 46a, 48a. The bus bars 42a, 44a may be printed along opposite edges of the positive and negative electrodes 32a, 38a and the points of connection between the bus bars 42a, 44a and the conductive leads 46a, 48a may be at opposite corners of each bus bar 42a, 44a to promote uniform current distribution along the bus bars 42a, 44a. Likewise, the positive and negative electrodes 32b, 38b of the dome lamp assembly 22 may also be connected to the controller 40 via a corresponding bus bar 42b, 44b and a corresponding conductive lead 46b, 48b at opposite corners of the bus bars 42b, 44b. In alternative embodiments, the positive and negative electrodes 32b, 38b of the dome lamp assembly 22 may be connected to a separate controller, if desired. The conductive leads 46a, 48a, 46b, 48b may be wired through the roof structure 28 of the vehicle 10 to the controller 40, which may be variously located in the vehicle 10 and is also electrically connected to a power source 50. In one embodiment, the power source 50 may correspond to a vehicular power source operating at 12 to 16 VDC.
The controller 40 may include a processor 52 and a memory 54 that stores instructions 56 that are executed by the processor 52. The instructions enable the controller 40 to selectively control the LEDs 34a, 34b based on one or more input signals 58, which may be received from vehicle equipment, user-operated switches, and the like. In one embodiment, the input signals 58 may include a vehicle-related condition such as, but not limited to, an operational state of the vehicle, a status related to a particular vehicle equipment (e.g., door open status), a key fob proximity status, a remote signal sourced from a portable electronic device, a status related to an operating environment of the vehicle (e.g., an ambient light level), or any other information or control signal that may be utilized to activate or otherwise adjust the output of the LEDs 34a, 34b.
The LEDs 34a, 34b may be dispersed in a random or controlled fashion within the semiconductor ink 36a, 36b and are disposed facing the vehicle cabin and may be configured to emit focused or non-focused light. The LEDs 34a, 34b may correspond to micro-LEDs of gallium nitride elements on the order of 5 to 400 microns in size and the semiconductor ink 36a, 36b may include various binders and dielectric material including, but not limited to, one or more of gallium, indium, silicon carbide, phosphorous, and/or translucent polymeric binders. In some embodiments, the LEDs 34a, 34b and semiconductor ink 36a, 36b may be sourced from Nth Degree Technologies Worldwide Inc. The semiconductor ink 36a, 36b can be applied through various printing processes, including ink jet and silk screen processes to selected portion(s) of the positive electrode 32a, 32b. More specifically, it is envisioned that the LEDs 34a, 34b are dispersed within the semiconductor ink 36a, 36b, and shaped and sized such that a substantial quantity of them align with the corresponding positive electrode 32a, 32b and the negative electrode 38a, 38b during deposition of the semiconductor ink 36a, 36b.
Referring still to
To protect the photoluminescent material 68a, 68b contained within each energy conversion layer 62a, 62b from photolytic and thermal degradation, each photoluminescent structure 60a, 60b may optionally include a stability layer 64a, 64b, which may be configured as a separate layer optically coupled and adhered to the energy conversion layer 62a, 62b or otherwise integrated therewith. Each photoluminescent structure 60a, 60b may also optionally include a protection layer 66a, 66b optically coupled and adhered to the stability layer 64a, 64b or other layer to protect the photoluminescent structure 60a, 60b from physical and chemical damage arising from environmental exposure. The stability layer 64a, 64b and/or the protection layer 66a, 66b may be combined with the corresponding energy conversion layer 62a, 62b through sequential coating or printing of each layer, sequential lamination or embossing, or any other suitable means. Additionally, the puddle and dome lamp assemblies 16, 22 may each include an over-mold 70a, 70b having an optical element 72a, 72b for dispersing luminescent light outputted from the corresponding photoluminescent structure 60a, 60b. For instance, optical element 72a is configured to substantially disperse luminescent light outputted from photoluminescent structure 60a in a vehicle-outward direction such as toward the ground area 20 depicted in
Additional information regarding photoluminescent structures is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 8,232,533 to Kingsley et al., entitled “PHOTOLYTICALLY AND ENVIRONMENTALLY STABLE MULTILAYER STRUCTURE FOR HIGH EFFICIENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY CONVERSION AND SUSTAINED SECONDARY EMISSION,” filed Nov. 8, 2011, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. Also, additional information regarding printed LED arrangements is disclosed in U.S. Patent Publication No. 2014-0264396 A1 to Lowenthal et al., entitled “ULTRA-THIN PRINTED LED LAYER REMOVED FROM SUBSTRATE,” filed Mar. 12, 2014, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
In operation, each of the photoluminescent materials 68a, 68b are configured to luminesce in response to excitation by light emitted by the corresponding LEDs 34a, 34b. More specifically, light emitted from the LEDs 34a, 34b undergo an energy conversion process and is re-emitted from the corresponding photoluminescent materials 68a, 68b at a different wavelength. Light emitted by the LEDs 34a, 34b is referred to herein as inputted light and is demonstrated in
According to one embodiment, the photoluminescent materials 68a, 68b may each be formulated to convert inputted light into a longer wavelength light, otherwise known as down conversion. Alternatively, the photoluminescent materials 68a, 68b may each be formulated to convert inputted light into a shorter wavelength light, otherwise known as up conversion. Under either approach, light converted by the photoluminescent materials 68a, 68b may be subsequently outputted from the corresponding photoluminescent structure 60a, 60b or otherwise used in an energy cascade, wherein the converted light serves as inputted light to excite another formulation of photoluminescent material located within the energy conversion layer 62a, 62b, whereby the subsequent converted light may then be outputted from the photoluminescent structure 60a, 60b or used as inputted light, and so on. With respect to the energy conversion processes described herein, the difference in wavelength between the inputted light and the converted light is known as the Stokes shift and serves as the principle driving mechanism for an energy conversion process corresponding to a change in wavelength of light.
According to one embodiment, each of the photoluminescent materials 68a, 68b are formulated to have a Stokes shift resulting in the converted light having an emission spectrum expressed in a desired color. The photoluminescent materials 68a, 68b may be formulated to luminesce in the same color or different colors. In one embodiment, the energy conversion process may be undertaken by way of down conversion, whereby the inputted light includes light on the lower end of the visibility spectrum such as blue, violet, or ultraviolet (UV) light. Doing so enables blue, violet, or UV LEDs to be used as the LEDs 34a, 34b, which may offer a relative cost advantage over other colors of LEDs or simply using LEDs of the desired color and foregoing the energy conversion process altogether.
In alternative embodiments, each of the energy conversion layers 62a, 62b may include more than one distinct photoluminescent material, each of which is configured to convert inputted light into a longer or shorter wavelength light. In one embodiment, the distinct photoluminescent materials may be interspersed within the energy conversion layer 62a, 62b. Alternatively, the distinct photoluminescent materials may be isolated from each other if desired. For example, the distinct photoluminescent materials may be arranged to alternate in a tessellation or other pattern. In either embodiment, each distinct photoluminescent material may be uniquely excited by a corresponding portion of the LEDs 34s, 34b, which may be variously arranged. In some embodiments, each distinct photoluminescent material may be formulated to have a Stokes shift resulting in the associated converted light having an emission spectrum expressed in a unique color such that the resultant luminescence corresponds to a light mixture of the converted light from each distinct photoluminescent material. By mixing the converted light outputted from two or more distinct photoluminescent materials, a greater diversity of colors may be expressed that would otherwise be unachievable through the excitation of a single photoluminescent material. Contemplated colors include light mixtures containing any combination of red, green, and blue light, all of which may be achieved by selecting the appropriate combinations of photoluminescent materials and LEDs. Additional information on the arrangements of distinct photoluminescent materials and corresponding LEDs is disclosed in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/697,035 to Salter et al., entitled “LIGHT-PRODUCING ASSEMBLY FOR A VEHICLE,” filed Apr. 27, 2015, the entire disclosure of which are incorporated herein by reference.
In operation, the controller 40 may selectively control the intensity of the LEDs 34a, 34b to ultimately affect the brightness of the luminescent light outputted from the puddle lamp assembly 16 and the dome lamp assembly 22, respectively. For example, increasing the intensity of the LEDs 34a, 34b generally results in the puddle lamp and dome lamp assemblies 16, 22 exhibiting a brighter luminescence. The controller 40 may control the intensity of the LEDs 34a, 34b through pulse-width modulation or direct current control. Additionally or alternatively, the controller 40 may control the light emission duration of the LEDs 34a, 34b to affect the duration in which the puddle lamp and dome lamp assemblies 16, 22 luminesce. For example, the controller 40 may activate the LEDs 34a, 34b for an extended duration such that the puddle lamp and dome lamp assemblies 16, 22 exhibit sustained luminescence. Alternatively, the controller 40 may flash the LEDs 34a, 34b at varying time intervals such that the puddle lamp and dome lamp assemblies 16, 22 exhibit a blinking effect.
Referring to
Accordingly a dual purpose lighting assembly has been advantageously provided herein. The dual purpose lighting assembly provides puddle lamp and dome lamp functionality and benefits from a thin design and is cost effective to implement.
For the purposes of describing and defining the present teachings, it is noted that the terms “substantially” and “approximately” are utilized herein to represent the inherent degree of uncertainty that may be attributed to any quantitative comparison, value, measurement, or other representation. The term “substantially” and “approximately” are also utilized herein to represent the degree by which a quantitative representation may vary from a stated reference without resulting in a change in the basic function of the subject matter at issue.
It is to be understood that variations and modifications can be made on the aforementioned structure without departing from the concepts of the present invention, and further it is to be understood that such concepts are intended to be covered by the following claims unless these claims by their language expressly state otherwise.
This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/603,636, filed Jan. 23, 2015, entitled “DOOR ILLUMINATION AND WARNING SYSTEM,” now U.S. Pat. No. 9,573,517, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/086,442, filed Nov. 21, 2013, entitled “VEHICLE LIGHTING SYSTEM WITH PHOTOLUMINESCENT STRUCTURE.” The aforementioned related applications are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.
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