Patent Application
20110018628
This application claims priority to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2009-67212 filed on Jul. 23, 2009 in the Korean Intellectual Property Office (KIPO), the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.
1. Technical Field
Example embodiments of the present invention relate in general to devices for providing bias to a base station power amplifier or a terminal power amplifier used for high efficiency and high linearity in radio communications.
2. Related Art
Various circuits and devices for dynamic bias of power amplifiers are known. Such a dynamic bias switching circuit switches dynamic bias to a power amplifier.
In general, an input signal has magnitude and phase information. A splitter 10 splits the input signal into two signals and provides the two signals to a limiter 20 and an envelope signal detector 50, respectively.
In the main path, the limiter 20 extracts a phase signal from the magnitude and phase information included in the input signal, and a delayer 30 synchronizes a switching operation in which a signal to be input to a main amplifier 40 is transferred to the main amplifier 40 by an envelope signal processor/switch unit 60. The processed signal is provided to the main amplifier 40. The main amplifier 40 receives and amplifies the output signal of the delayer 30 to a desired magnitude.
In the bias path, when the input signal is received from the splitter 10, the envelope signal detector 50 detects magnitude and phase signals from the input signal as an envelope signal and provides the envelope signal to the envelope signal processor/switch unit 60. The envelope signal processor/switch unit 60 generates a dynamic signal having an appropriate signal level required for the switching operation in response to the envelope signal provided by the envelope signal detector 50. Also, the envelope signal processor/switch unit 60 applies bias voltage and current to the main amplifier 40 using the dynamic signal (a dynamically variable input magnitude and phase signal). When dynamic bias is supplied as the bias of the main amplifier 40, it is possible to achieve high linearity and high efficiency according to the dynamic bias.
Well-known dynamic bias supply devices include envelope elimination and restoration (EER) and hybrid EER devices. The EER device has the above-described constitution including a limiter. A non-linear amplifier is used as a main amplifier. Unlike the EER device, the hybrid EER device has a structure in which a main amplifier receives and uses an input signal as is without receiving a phase signal. Thus, the hybrid EER device has the constitution of
The conventional dynamic bias supply device of
The ET and DBS devices each include a splitter, an envelope signal detector, a delayer, an envelope signal processor/switch unit, and a main amplifier. Since the constitution is similar to that of the dynamic bias supply device of
The DBS and ET devices operate in a similar way except that the DBS device does not supply bias according to a variable dynamic level. The DBS device sets an appropriate reference level, and supplies bias using a low output voltage and current level of a main amplifier when a dynamic level is below the reference level and using a high output voltage and current level of the main amplifier when a dynamic level is the reference level or above. In other words, the DBS device has a structure that supplies different bias voltages and currents according to dual or various reference voltage levels.
A Dual dynamic bias supply (DDBS) device is also a well-known dynamic bias supply device. The DDBS device operates in a similar way to the DBS device described above. The DDBS device does not receive an input signal through a splitter and does not detect and use an envelope signal. The DDBS device obtains a magnitude signal alone before a modem implemented by a digital signal processor (DSP) or field programmable gate array (FPGA) modulates the magnitude signal and a phase signal obtained by modulating the input signal into a radio frequency (RF) signal and immediately uses the magnitude signal. Thus, the DDBS device has a simpler structure than the DBS device.
Meanwhile, a power amplifier may consist of one power amplifier or a plurality of power amplifiers. The power amplifier consisting of a plurality of power amplifiers is referred to as multiple parallel power amplifiers.
Since multiple parallel power amplifiers include a plurality of power amplifiers, bias should be supplied to the power amplifiers.
In general, the dynamic bias switching circuit of multiple parallel power amplifiers has a structure in which one dynamic bias circuit is shared by all the multiple parallel power amplifiers.
Referring to
When the multiple parallel power amplifiers use a single dynamic bias supply device, along with a lines 220 through which bias is supplied from the switch 144, b lines 222, which are unnecessary, are included. When such unnecessary lines cause a mismatch between power amplifiers 224, the mismatch causes performance deterioration, such as a memory effect, non-linearity and efficiency deterioration, and high linearity and high efficiency are deteriorated.
In other words, many constitutions for dynamic bias supply as shown in
Accordingly, example embodiments of the present invention are provided to substantially obviate one or more problems due to limitations and disadvantages of the related art.
Example embodiments of the present invention provide multiple parallel power amplifiers employing a dynamic bias supply device having multiple switches to remove an unnecessarily generated performance deterioration factor and achieve high efficiency and high linearity of the power amplifiers.
In some example embodiments, a dynamic bias supply device for multiple parallel power amplifiers in which a plurality of parallel power amplifiers including a Doherty amplifier are connected in parallel, includes a plurality of switches respectively coupled to a corresponding power amplifier of the parallel power amplifiers.
The dynamic bias supply device may further include a plurality of envelope signal processors configured to generate a dynamic signal having a signal level required for the switches in response to an envelope signal and configured to provide the generated dynamic signal to the respective switches.
The dynamic bias supply device may further include one envelope signal processor configured to supply a dynamic signal for an envelope to the switches, and the one envelope signal processor may be commonly coupled to the switches.
The dynamic bias supply device may include at least one structure in which one envelope signal processor is coupled to each of the plurality of switches, and the at least one structure may be coupled in parallel to each of the plurality of power amplifiers. The dynamic bias supply device may be applied to any amplifier having a multiple parallel structure, the multiple parallel structure may include a balanced amplifier, a Doherty amplifier, a feed-forward amplifier, a feedback amplifier, and a polar transmitter.
The dynamic bias supply device may be applied to an envelope elimination and a restoration (EER), a hybrid-EER, an envelope tracking (ET), or a dynamic bias switching (DBS).
Example embodiments of the present invention will become more apparent by describing in detail example embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Example embodiments of the present invention are disclosed herein. However, specific structural and functional details disclosed herein are merely representative for purposes of describing example embodiments of the present invention, however, example embodiments of the present invention may be embodied in many alternate forms and should not be construed as limited to example embodiments of the present invention set forth herein.
Accordingly, while the invention is susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific embodiments thereof are shown by way of example in the drawings and will herein be described in detail. It should be understood, however, that there is no intent to limit the invention to the particular forms disclosed, but on the contrary, the invention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention. Like numbers refer to like elements throughout the description of the figures.
It will be understood that, although the terms first, second, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and, similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of the present invention. As used herein, the teem “and/or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being “connected” or “coupled” to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element or intervening elements may be present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being “directly connected” or “directly coupled” to another element, there are no intervening elements present. Other words used to describe the relationship between elements should be interpreted in a like fashion (i.e., “between” versus “directly between”, “adjacent” versus “directly adjacent”, etc.).
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the singular forms “a”, “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises”, “comprising,”, “includes” and/or “including”, when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
In case of a “unit” comprised of “A” and “B”, the “unit” means not only one structure that includes “A” and “B”, but also means that“A” and “B” may be removably secured each other.
Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions/acts noted in the blocks may occur out of the order noted in the flowcharts. For example, two blocks shown in succession may in fact be executed substantially concurrently or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality/acts involved.
The multiple parallel structure shown in
When the main amplifier 224 is a parallel two-stage power amplifier having two amplifiers 332 and 342, the dynamic bias supply device has multiple parallel two-stage switches.
Referring to
Envelope signal processors and parallel two-stage switches supply bias to the power amplifiers 332 and 342. To be specific, envelope signal processor/switch units 310 and 350 supply bias to the power amplifiers 332 and 342, respectively.
The envelope signal processor/switch units 310 and 350 include envelope signal processors 312 and 352 and switches 314 and 354, respectively.
The envelope signal processors 312 and 352 generate a dynamic signal having an appropriate signal level required for the switches 314 and 354 in response to a received envelope signal, and provide the generated dynamic signal to the switches 314 and 354.
To supply bias from the switches 314 and 354 to the power amplifiers 332 and 342, a line 330 is connected between the switch 314 and the power amplifier 332, and a line 340 is connected between the switch 354 and the power amplifier 342. ‘a’ lines 330 and 340 are bias supply lines.
‘a’ lines denote generally used λ/4 lines and include all structures capable of providing an inductor or bias. Also, a capacitor (not shown) may be connected between ‘a’ line 330 and the power amplifier 332 and between a line 340 and the power amplifier 342. The capacitor forms a radio frequency (RF) short connecting a second power to the ground, and its position may be changed. In other words, the capacitor denotes a generally known second short and a bypass device for bias.
The switches 314 and 354 apply a bias voltage and current to the respective power amplifiers 332 and 342 using a dynamic signal (a dynamically variable input magnitude and phase signal). Dynamic bias is supplied to the power amplifiers 332 and 342.
The switches 314 and 354 may include a bipolar junction transistor (BJT) having an emitter follower structure. When the BJT performs a switching operation, an input signal is switched according to a dynamic level output from an envelope signal processor. Also, the switches 314 and 354 include transistors, switches, etc., that are formed of any material through any process and conventionally used as switching devices. For example, the switches 314 and 354 may include all devices capable of switching such as a BJT and an n-type metal oxide semiconductor (NMOS) or p-type metal oxide semiconductor (PMOS) transistor.
As described above, the dynamic bias supply device of
Since the dynamic bias supply device according to an example embodiment of the present invention does not have b lines shown in
In other words, since envelope signal processors and parallel two-stage switches are directly connected to power amplifiers, it is possible to achieve high linearity and high efficiency of a main amplifier by removing connection lines required for a structure.
In
The dynamic bias supply device shown in
As shown in
To be specific, in the dynamic bias supply device shown in
The envelope signal processor 412 generates a dynamic signal having an appropriate signal level required for switches 414 and 450 in response to a received envelope signal, and provides the dynamic signal to the respective switches 414 and 450.
To supply bias from the switches 414 and 450 to the power amplifiers 432 and 442, a lines 430 and 440 are connected between the switch 414 and the power amplifier 432 and between the switch 450 and the power amplifier 442.
The dynamic bias supply device shown in
As shown in
When multiple parallel power amplifiers have an envelope signal processor and switches as shown in
Example embodiments of the present invention correspond to all structures that receive the magnitude and phase of an input signal of a power amplifier as an input of a dynamic bias circuit and supply bias to the power amplifier, and can be applied to power amplifiers having any multiple parallel structure in which a dynamic bias switching circuit can be installed for high efficiency and high linearity.
Even if the structure of
A dynamic bias supply device according to example embodiments of the present invention as described above is used in a distributed manner as multiple distributed dynamic bias switching circuits for multiple parallel power amplifiers. Thus, performance deterioration caused by an additional connection structure is prevented, and it is possible to achieve high efficiency and high linearity of the power amplifiers.
While the example embodiments of the present invention and their advantages have been described in detail, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations may be made herein without departing from the scope of the invention.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10-2009-67212 | Jul 2009 | KR | national |
