This invention relates, generally, to hooks. More specifically, it relates to a novel hook/hook gate design that eliminates dynamic rollout during hoisting operations.
In the world of helicopter rescue, there has long existed the problem of what the industry knows as “dynamic rollout.” Dynamic rollout (also referred to as “D-ring reversal” or “ring rollout”) occurs when the geometry of the attachment hardware (typically a ring having a circular shape (see
When attachment hardware 12 is properly oriented on hoist hook 10, gravity will cause attachment hardware 12 to properly rest on the bottom most curved section of hoist hook 10. However, in situations where hook 10 and attachment hardware 12 hang loose, such as when a rescuer is in the water or working on the ground or cliffside, attachment hardware 12 and hook 10 can become improperly orientated similar to the orientation depicted in
Historically, the U.S. Coast Guard prevented dynamic rollout by carefully controlling the design of the attachment hardware. By controlling the geometry of attaching hardware 12 and ensuring that the receiving space 18 is too small to create an unsafe condition, the Coast Guard was able to eliminate the possibility of dynamic rollout. A smaller receiving space 18, as in the “V-ring” pictured in
As helicopter rescue/hoisting has spread to the commercial sector, standards for attachment hardware have proved elusive. The hook-to-attachment hardware interface is always changing amongst manufactures. The size and shape of the attachment hardware and the design of the hooks vary amongst manufacturers and certain attachment hardware, if used with certain hooks, is susceptible to dynamic rollout.
While there are locking gates on helicopter hoist hooks, the locking/release mechanisms are either partially or fully exposed and therefor can be, and have been, inadvertently depressed by rings or other equipment that hangs from the hook during hoisting operations. The current designs are also shaped in ways that can cause rings and other equipment to snag or jam on the hook creating unsafe conditions for operators. These snag points cause rings and carabiners attached to the hook to become jammed or to hang on the gate mechanism during hoisting.
The inventor previously created the first ever hoist hook having a locking gate with a double-actuated release mechanism. The design, as depicted in
As rescue organizations all over the world grew their helicopter rescue programs, the tactics, techniques, and procedures used in hoisting have changed. Many rescue teams ‘double-up’ or put more than one person on the hook at the same time. Also, the varying makes and models of rescue gear that attach to hoist hooks has grown and changed.
Aviation authorities, like SACA in Australia and the FAA in the U.S.A. have warned against the possibility of dynamic rollout, even with the proliferation of locking hooks, and warned operators in published alerts to evaluate the attaching hardware for its ability to defeat the gate of any hook in use. When these conditions exist, either the hook or the hardware should be changed.
While attending the Helicopter Association International trade show, Applicant was made aware of a piece of hardware (in this case, a SETS lifting strap) that had the ability—when manipulated in the right way—to depress both latches of Applicant's hoist hook and open the gate, effectively rolling out of a hook designed to defeat rollout. The lifting strap, if pulled tightly around front face 24 of hook gate 14, was able to depress both the first and second release mechanisms 20a, 20b to unlock hook gate 14.
Though there is no proof any rollout has occurred in operational use, the possibility of the unlocking of a locking hoist hook is concerning. There have also been more and more situations in which Applicant's hoist hook are being used in ways that were unheard of a decade ago, with more and more equipment being attached on or in close proximity to the hoist hook.
Accordingly, what is needed is a new design for a hoist hook that prevents dynamic rollout as a result from contact with any hardware that may be attached to the hoist hook. However, in view of the art considered as a whole at the time the present invention was made, it was not obvious to those of ordinary skill in the field of this invention how the shortcomings of the prior art could be overcome.
All referenced publications are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. Furthermore, where a definition or use of a term in a reference, which is incorporated by reference herein, is inconsistent or contrary to the definition of that term provided herein, the definition of that term provided herein applies and the definition of that term in the reference does not apply.
While certain aspects of conventional technologies have been discussed to facilitate disclosure of the invention, Applicant in no way disclaims these technical aspects, and it is contemplated that the claimed invention may encompass one or more of the conventional technical aspects discussed herein.
The present invention may address one or more of the problems and deficiencies of the prior art discussed above. However, it is contemplated that the invention may prove useful in addressing other problems and deficiencies in a number of technical areas. Therefore, the claimed invention should not necessarily be construed as limited to addressing any of the particular problems or deficiencies discussed herein.
In this specification, where a document, act or item of knowledge is referred to or discussed, this reference or discussion is not an admission that the document, act or item of knowledge or any combination thereof was at the priority date, publicly available, known to the public, part of common general knowledge, or otherwise constitutes prior art under the applicable statutory provisions; or is known to be relevant to an attempt to solve any problem with which this specification is concerned.
The long-standing but heretofore unfulfilled need for a hoist hook that is insusceptible to dynamic rollout as a result from contact with any hardware that may be attached to the hoist hook is now met by a new, useful, and nonobvious invention.
The novel structure includes a hook gate having a main body with a front facing surface, a pair of lateral sides, a first release mechanism, and a second release mechanism. The first release mechanism has an actuatable contact accessible by a user and, in an embodiment, is secured to the first lateral side. Likewise, the second release mechanism has an actuatable contact accessible by the user and, in an embodiment, is secured to the second lateral side.
A first guard circumferentially surrounds at least the actuatable contact of the first release mechanism and extends away from the main body beyond the actuatable contact of the first release mechanism. Similarly, a second guard circumferentially surrounds at least the actuatable portion of the second release mechanism and extends away from the main body beyond the actuatable contact of the second release mechanism. In an embodiment, each guard includes an upper section, a front section, a bottom section, and a portion of the respective release mechanism to completely surround the actuatable contact. In an embodiment, the front section of the guard extends from the front facing surface of the main body.
In an embodiment, the front facing surface includes a first upper tapered flange, a second upper tapered flanges, a first lower tapered flanges, and a second lower tapered flange. The first upper tapered flange extends upwardly from the first guard and tapers towards an upper end of the hook gate. The first lower tapered flange extends downwardly from the first guard and tapers towards a bottom end of the hook gate. The second upper tapered flange extends upwardly from the second guard and tapers towards an upper end of the hook gate. Lastly, the second lower tapered flange extends downwardly from the second guard and tapers towards a bottom end of the hook gate.
In an embodiment, the front facing surface is convex. The curvature of the front facing surface prevents unwanted snagging where the hook gate meets the hook beak.
An embodiment includes the actuatable contact of the first and second release mechanisms being laterally compressible. In addition, each of the first and second release mechanisms requires a predetermined amount of compression to reach an actuation point at which the hook gate becomes unlocked.
In an embodiment, each of the actuatable portions of the release mechanisms has a visual indicator to visually distinguish each of the actuatable portions from other portions of the hook gate.
These and other important advantages and features of the invention will become clear as this disclosure proceeds.
The invention accordingly comprises the features of construction, combination of elements, and arrangement of parts that will be exemplified in the disclosure set forth hereinafter and the scope of the invention will be indicated in the claims.
For a fuller understanding of the invention, reference should be made to the following detailed description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:
In the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which form a part thereof, and within which are shown by way of illustration specific embodiments by which the invention may be practiced. It is to be understood that other embodiments may be utilized, and structural changes may be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” include plural referents unless the content clearly dictates otherwise. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the term “or” is generally employed in its sense including “and/or” unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.
The present invention includes a novel non-obvious improvement to the inventor's previous hoist hook to eliminate the possibility of dynamic rollout that has plague the recuse industry for decades. As previously explained it was determined that in rare situations both release mechanisms 20a, 20b on the previous design could be accidentally actuated by hardware secured to hoist hook 10. This issue stems from the fact that forward-facing section 24 of hook gate 14 does not guard against objects contacting release mechanisms 20a, 20b. The forward end of hook gate 14 is unobstructed. Originally, the lack of obstruction was intended to aid rescuers in compressing release mechanisms 20a, 20b. However, the lack of obstruction also allows hardware to accidentally contact release mechanisms 20a, 20b. The issue, however, only became apparent after more than two decades of use. The present invention is designed to eliminate not only dynamic rollout, but also the unintentional activation of both release mechanisms.
As shown in
In an embodiment, release mechanisms 20a, 20b may have a particular design lacking pivot point 25 that intercepts and forms part of the perimeter of circumferential guard 26. In such an instance, upper section 26a and bottom section 26c would meet to ensure that the perimeter of circumferential guard 26 is continuous.
The distance between release mechanisms 20a, 20b and their respective guards 26 is also an important consideration. The minimum distance between release mechanisms 20a, 20b and their respective guards 26 is preferably 0.1875 inches, but it is considered that the minimum distance can be between 0.125 inches and 0.375 inches. If the perimeter of circumferential guard 26 is too large, or the distance between release mechanisms 20a, 20b and their respective guards 26 is too great, the chances of a piece of hardware passing within the perimeter of guards 26 also increases. The perimeter of the guard is of a size to receive a wet glove in a cold environment, but preferably no greater. For example, the total perimeter is preferably about 3.14 inches, but the total perimeter can be between 2.35 inches and 3.92 inches. In terms of total area, the desired value is preferably about 0.785 squared inches. It is considered, however, that the total area can be between 0.44 squared inches and 1.22 squared inches. For a generally circular perimeter, each guard preferably has a 1 inch diameter. In an embodiment, however, a generally circular perimeter has a diameter between 0.75 inches and 1.25 inches.
While a fully circumferential guard is preferable, it is also considered that the guard can be comprised of a plurality of discontinuous sections that generally form a circumferential guard by keeping the discontinuous section closely spaced. The closely spaced subsections of the guard will however, create snagging points, whereas a fully circumferential guard will avoid snags.
An embodiment includes upper tapered flanges 28 and lower tapered flanges 30 that are integrated/extend laterally a predetermined distance. Upper tapered flanges 28 and lower tapered flanges 30 are preferably in plane with front surface 24. In an embodiment, the predetermined lateral extent of upper tapered flanges 28 and lower tapered flanges 30 is equal to the lateral extent of perimeter guards 26. Upper flanges 28 taper inwards moving up and away from perimeter guards 26. Likewise, lower flanges 30 taper inwards moving down and away from perimeter guards 26.
Upper tapered flanges 28 and lower tapered flanges 30 are tapered to prevent equipment and objects from snagging on circumferential guards 26. Without the tapered flanges 28, 30, each circumferential guard 26 would present a shelf on which hardware can inadvertently hang.
For a similar reason, an embodiment of hook gate 14 also includes a bulbous front facing surface 24. A smoothly curved front facing surface 24 further prevents of unwanted snagging or hanging where hook beak 16 meets hook gate 14. In an embodiment, the curvature of front surface 24 matches the curvature of hook beak 16 to further reduce the chance of equipment and objects snagging on the point where hook gate 14 meets hook beak 16.
As depicted, release mechanisms 20a, 20b are in the form of a laterally compressible, pivoting button/actuator. The compressible actuators have a position of repose and a pivoted/compressed position with a point of actuation occurring between the two positions or at the fully compressed position. An embodiment may include other types of release mechanisms so long as they reside within the circumferential guard. Such release mechanisms include but are not limited to slidable actuated release mechanisms and rotatable actuated release mechanisms.
When release mechanisms 20a, 20b are laterally compressible actuators, the compressible actuators preferably do not extend in a lateral direction beyond the extension of guards 26 in the lateral direction (i.e. the height of guards 26) when actuators 20a, 20b are in a position of repose. If the release mechanisms 20a, 20b laterally extend beyond the height of guards 26, the point of actuation does not occur until actuators 20a, 20b are compressed laterally inward past the outward lateral extension of the guards 26. In other words, both actuators 20a, 20b must be compressed towards hook gate 14 beyond the height of the guards 26 to unlock hook gate 14.
In an embodiment, the hook/hook gate has a single circumferentially guarded release mechanism. In an embodiment, the release mechanism may reside on the front or rearward surfaces of the gate and/or hook rather than the lateral surface as depicted in the exemplary figures. An embodiment may also include the release mechanism and circumferential guard residing at least partially on the body of the hook rather than the body of the gate.
Referring now to
As depicted in
By depressing spring-loaded release mechanisms 20a, 20b, hook gate 14 can be swung open to allow for the attachments of lifting rings, carabiners, and other objects to hoist hook 10. When the gate is released, spring 48 forces hook gate 14 closed and release mechanisms 20a, 20b return to the locked position (i.e. position of repose) with the back ends of release mechanisms 20a, 20b engaging gate seat 52. As a result, hook gate 14 is closed and in a locked position. Guards 26 that surround release mechanisms 20a, 20b prevent rings, carabiners, or any other objects from unintentionally actuating release mechanisms 20a, 20b, ensuring that hook gate 14 stays locked in even the most unpredictable conditions. In addition, tapered flanges 28, 30 and the curved shape of front facing surface 24 ensure that any hardware that comes into contact with hook gate 14 will remain free to roll back into a proper hanging position once returned to a load. Accordingly, this novel design eliminates the possibility of snagging or jamming.
In an embodiment, both hook gate 14 and release mechanisms 20a, 20b are comprised of stainless steel and maybe be created via lost wax casting. The parts may also be heat-treated for hardness. Hook gate 14 and release mechanisms 20a, 20b are preferably tumbled and polished (burnished) and paint is applied to release mechanisms 20a, 20b to highlight the release mechanisms 20a, 20b which may be difficult to see in certain rescue missions. Rivets 32 and 40 are available commercially from a number of sources. Spring mount 38 and latch spring 48 are custom made out of stainless steel and may be formed by stamping, forming, and heat treating. The components are then riveted together using an impact riveter. It is considered that other methods and materials may be used.
The advantages set forth above, and those made apparent from the foregoing description, are efficiently attained. Since certain changes may be made in the above construction without departing from the scope of the invention, it is intended that all matters contained in the foregoing description or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.
It is also to be understood that the following claims are intended to cover all of the generic and specific features of the invention herein described, and all statements of the scope of the invention that, as a matter of language, might be said to fall therebetween.
This nonprovisional application is a continuation of and claims priority to nonprovisional application Ser. No. 16/174,480, entitled “DYNAMIC ROLLOUT PREVENTION HOOK,” filed Oct. 30, 2018 by the same inventors, which claims priority to provisional application No. 62/657,254, entitled “DYNAMIC ROLLOUT PREVENTION HOOK,” filed Apr. 13, 2018 by the same inventors.
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1392260 | Schollar | Sep 1921 | A |
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1725609 | Amos | Aug 1929 | A |
1915524 | Fraser | Jun 1933 | A |
3575458 | Crook, Jr | Apr 1971 | A |
4293156 | Chapalain | Oct 1981 | A |
4309052 | Drayton | Jan 1982 | A |
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Number | Date | Country | |
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62657254 | Apr 2018 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
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Parent | 16174480 | Oct 2018 | US |
Child | 16857299 | US |