Economical lifting device-jack stand

Information

  • Patent Grant
  • 6691983
  • Patent Number
    6,691,983
  • Date Filed
    Thursday, May 23, 2002
    22 years ago
  • Date Issued
    Tuesday, February 17, 2004
    20 years ago
Abstract
An economical jack stand for use with a power unit has a rectangular base plate with a tubular housing having a lower end attached to the base plate. A “U” shaped ratchet shaft with ratchet teeth on the forward edges thereof, is telescopically inserted within the housing and is extendable and retractable therein. The jack stand has a pair of pawls interconnected by a pin, with each pawl adapted to be engagable with a respective tooth on the ratchet shaft, and with the pin pivotally attached to the upper end of the housing. An actuator spring is secured to the pin forming a handle for rotating the pawls into engagement with the teeth of the shaft, and further for rotating the pawls for disengagement from the teeth of the shaft. The components are suitably formed from standard sheet metal and metal plate stock with minimal machining and welding required to form and assemble the economical jack stand.
Description




CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS




Applications have also been filed directed to an Economical Lifting Device—Trunk Jack, and Economical Lifting Device—Power Unit For Use With A Jack Stand and Lift Bridge, as described in the present specification.




BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION




The invention relates to a low cost consumer device for lifting and supporting an object i.e. a corner of an automobile; particularly to a low cost consumer jack, and also to a low cost two part jacking system including a power unit that can be used to place and elevate a jack stand. The inventor of the present invention is a pioneer of the two part jacking system holding numerous issued and pending patents for a two part jacking system and related products and processes as described below. All such prior art patents and applications are incorporated herein by reference.




Briefly, the commercial two part jacking system consists of a power unit and a set of separate mechanical jack stands. Examples of the two part jacking system and mobile power unit are described in detail in U.S. Pat. Nos. Re.32,715 and 4,589,630. Some examples of the jack stands are described in detail in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,553,772; 4,490,264; 5,110,089; 5,183,235 and 5,379,974. The stands are capable of being vertically extended and retracted from the garage floor or road surface and, when extended, can be locked in place at any desired position by a ratchet and pawl assembly. The commercial power unit has a mobile chassis adapted to carry a plurality of the jack stands, and has a pair of lift arms adapted to mate with the outermost jack stand for placement and removal.




In use, the commercial mobile power unit is operated entirely from its handle. It is maneuvered under a vehicle to place a jack stand in a desired location for lift and supporting the vehicle. The power unit is activated from the handle, and this jack stand is then vertically extended to the desired height, thus lift the vehicle on the stand. By operating the controls at the end of the handle, the operator can cause the power unit to disengage from the stand, and the stand will remain locked in its extended supporting position under the vehicle. After the stand is raised and locked in place to support the vehicle or other load in a lifted position, the power unit lift arms are lowered and the power unit is disengaged from the stand and pulled away, leaving the stand in position supporting the load. Another jack stand, carried within the chassis, is automatically transferred to the forward end the chassis for placement at another desired location of the vehicle or for use to lift and support another vehicle.




To lower the vehicle and remove the stand, the power unit is maneuvered to reengage with the stand. The engagement causes any existing jack stands carried within the chassis to be automatically transferred rearward within the chassis. By manually operating a control at the end of the handle, the operator can cause the power unit to reengage with the stand, and to disengage the ratchet locking mechanism of the stand and lower the stand to its original position. The power unit remains engaged with the stand and can be pulled away from the vehicle with the stand carried within the chassis.




The original commercial power units were adapted to carry up to four jack stands within the chassis. Additional jack stands could be purchased and arranged at various stations on the garage floor to reload the power unit, so that a single power unit could be utilized to efficiently place and actuate numerous jack stands. It was found that many commercial users would utilize all of their available jack stands, and the power unit was thereafter useless until another jack stand was available to be extracted and reused. The present inventor developed a slide forward bridge that adapted the power unit to function as a load-lifting jack to more fully utilize the power unit. Co-pending patent applications have been filed on the features of the power unit convertible into a load-lifting device.




Most of the prior art lifting devices, including those of the present inventor, are very rugged “commercial quality” products involving many castings and machined parts that require welding for fabrication and assembly. It would be highly desirable to design and develop the innovative jack systems in a low cost “consumer quality” configuration that involved minimal welding and machining during fabrication and assembly.




In view of the foregoing problems and desirable features of a two part lift and supporting system, it is an object of the present invention to provide a consumer jack and a consumer power unit for use with a consumer jack stand, that can be economically fabricated from sheet metal and steel plate with little or no machining, and can be assembled with little or no welding.




SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION




The foregoing objects are accomplished by an economical jack stand for use with a power unit. The jack stand includes a rectangular base plate with a tubular housing having an upper end and a lower end, with the lower end attached to the base plate and extending vertically therefrom. The housing has a forward side, a rearward side, a left and right side.




The jack stand has a “U” shaped ratchet shaft having an upper end and a lower end, with ratchet teeth on the forward edges thereof, telescopically inserted within the housing and extendable and retractable within the housing. The shaft has a lift collar mounted on the upper end for engagement with the power unit.




The housing has a pair of pawls interconnected by a D-pin, with each pawl adapted to be engagable with a respective tooth of the ratchet shaft. The pin is pivotally attached to flanges at the upper end of the housing. The pin is rotated by an actuating spring that has an upper end attached to the D-pin, and has a generally vertical handle portion, and has a generally horizontal lower portion including a first position indention and a second position indention.




The housing includes a slotted opening adapted to receive the lower portion of the actuator spring whereby the first position indention is engagable with the slotted opening to position the pawls into engagement with the teeth of the ratchet shaft. The second position indention is engagable with the slotted opening to position the pawls into disengagement from the teeth of said ratchet shaft.




The major components of the jack stand are suitably formed from standard sheet metal and metal plate stock with minimal machining and welding required to form or assemble the components. The base plate is suitably stamped from steel plate. The housing is defined by a piece of sheet metal having a flat pattern including the rearward side with the respective sides and flanges all extending outward from the rearward side. The housing can be formed from a single piece of sheet metal that is stamped to form the apertures and the periphery defined by the flat pattern; the flat pattern is further formed by progressive folds of the stamped flat pattern into the sides of the housing without the need for welding. The ratchet shaft can similarly be formed from a flat pattern that is readily stamped and folded into the desired configurations without the need for machining and welding.











BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS




While the novel features of the invention are set forth in the appended claims, the invention will be better understood along with other features thereof from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the drawings, in which:





FIG. 1

is perspective view of an economical jack in an elevated position;





FIG. 2

is a perspective view of the screw-threaded actuator shaft and sliding block of the jack of

FIG. 1

;





FIG. 3

is a sectional view taken along


3





3


of

FIG. 1

;





FIG. 4

is top plan view of a flat pattern of the sheet metal base of the jack of

FIG. 1

;





FIG. 5

is a top plan view of a flat pattern of the sheet metal sliding block of

FIG. 2

;





FIG. 6

is a top plan view of a flat pattern of the sheet metal lifting pad of

FIG. 1

;





FIG. 7

is a perspective view (similar to FIG.


1


), of an economical power unit;





FIG. 7A

a perspective view of a lift bridge, exploded over the forward ends of the lift arms of the power unit of

FIG. 7

;





FIG. 8

is a perspective view of an economical jack stand in an elevated position (and relatively positioned to be loaded into the base of the power unit of FIG.


7


);





FIG. 9

is a sectional view taken generally along


9





9


of

FIG. 7

, (however; with the lift arm in the lowered position) showing a track in the lift arm for slideably retaining the lift bridge and with the lift bridge in the slide forward position;





FIG. 10

is a partial sectional view taken along


10





10


of

FIG. 9

;





FIG. 11

is a sectional view, similar to

FIG. 9

, showing a jack stand engaged with the lift arm, and the bridge forced rearward away from the forward ends of the lift arm by the jack stand;





FIG. 12

is a top plan view of a flat pattern of a sheet metal base of the power unit of

FIG. 7

(similar to the flat pattern of

FIG. 3

, except having a forward opening for receiving the jack stand of FIG.


8


);





FIG. 13

is an enlarged perspective view of the ratchet shaft and pawl of the jack stand enclosed within


13





13


of

FIG. 8

;





FIG. 13



a


is a perspective view, similar to

FIG. 13

, illustrating another embodiment of a jack stand having a semi-cylindrical ratchet shaft operating within a cylindrical housing;





FIG. 14

is a sectional view taken along


14





14


of

FIG. 13

; illustrating the spring positioned so that the pawl is engaged with the ratchet teeth of the shaft;





FIG. 15

is a view similar to

FIG. 14

illustrating the spring in the released position and the pawl disengaged from the ratchet teeth, to lower the shaft;





FIG. 16

is a top plan view of a flat pattern view of the base plate of the jack stand of

FIG. 8

;





FIG. 17

is a top plan view of a flat pattern of a sheet metal housing of the jack stand of

FIG. 8

;





FIG. 18

is a sectional view taken along


18





18


of

FIG. 8

, showing the jack stand housing attached to the base plate;





FIG. 19

is a top plan view of a flat pattern of a telescopic ratchet toothed shaft of the jack stand of

FIG. 8

; and





FIG. 20

is an exploded perspective view illustrating the components and assembly of the jack stand of FIG.


8


.











DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION




The economical jack and support systems were conceived for consumer use, and does not incorporate a mobile chassis having wheels or a large handle for maneuvering and operating the system on a daily commercial basis, but rather as a jacking and supporting system that is placed in position for occasional use by a consumer. However, the economical manufacturing processes can be adapted for components and assemblies of commercial products, as well as the consumer products described in the following preferred embodiments. The manufacturing concepts were based upon eliminating the need for expensive machining, castings, and welding; however, the design can advantageously incorporate such processes for unique components and at critical joints without departing from the basic concepts.




Trunk Jack




Referring to

FIGS. 1-3

, a preferred embodiment of an economical lifting device, i.e., consumer automotive trunk jack


20


, is shown having components that are fabricated primarily from sheet metal and metal plate, stamped into a flat pattern that is folded or otherwise formed into the desired configuration, without the need for machining or welding. The jack has a base


22


having a rectangular bottom


24


with a forward end


26


and a rearward end


28


. The base has a rear flange


30


extending upward from the bottom and has a central aperture


32


. The base has side flanges


34


extending upward from the bottom, with each side flange having a reinforced aperture


36


near the forward end and having an increased thickness


38


along the upper portion of the flange providing a longitudinal recess


40


formed along the lower portion on the inner surfaces of the flange.




The base is suitably about 14 inches in length, about four inches in width with the side and rear flanges about 1.5 inches in height, and can be formed of sheet steel having a thickness of about 0.06-inch from a flat pattern that is stamped and folded as discussed later in detail.




The jack is operated by a screw threaded actuator shaft


42


(see

FIG. 2

) having a distal end


44


and a proximal end


46


extending through the aperture


32


of the rear flange


30


. A suitable actuator is a steel shaft about eight inches in length, with a diameter of about one-half inch having machine threads formed along the length of the shaft.




A reinforcing plate


48


, conforming to the shape of the rear flange


30


(about four inches by one and one-half inches) and having a central aperture, is incorporated to support and distribute the lifting forces of the actuator shaft to the flanges of the base. The reinforcing plate can be suitably formed from about 0.125-inch steel plate. In another embodiment, such reinforcement can be provided by additional folded thicknesses of the rear flange; however, for initial production, the reinforcement plate is provided to ensure durability of the device. The reinforcement plate is suitably retained within the base


22


by an inverted “U” shaped flange


50


at the upper edge of the rear flange. The proximal end


48


of the shaft is rotatably retained within the plate and aperture


32


of the rear flange by a bushing


52


, and is further adapted at the proximal tip


54


to be engagable by an external handle to facilitate rotation of the shaft.




The shaft


42


actuates a sliding block


56


having a rectangular bottom


57


that slides along the bottom of the base


22


. The block has side flanges


58


with lower portions


60


slideably retained within the longitudinal recesses


40


of the side flanges


34


of the base. The block has a forward flange


62


and a rearward flange


64


, each having aligned apertures


66


that are threaded to provide a central threaded aperture for receiving the distal end of the threaded actuator shaft. The side flanges are further adapted with apertures


68


for attachment to the lifting mechanism of the jack. The block can be formed from a solid block of metal that is machined, drilled and threaded to provide the desired features, but is preferable formed from 0.188-sheet metal that is stamped into a flat pattern and folded and formed as described later in more detail.




The jack has a pair of lift arms


70


acting in parallel having forward ends


72


and rearward ends


74


, with the rearward ends having apertures therein and pivotally attached at the apertures


68


to the respective side flanges


58


of the sliding block


56


. The lift arms are suitably formed from 0.125-inch steel about 1 inch wide and about 13 inches in length. The lift arms can be produced in large quantity and received directly from the steel mill having the desired dimensions.




The lift arms


70


function with a pair of connecting arms


76


acting in parallel having forward ends


78


pivotally attached at the apertures


36


near the forward ends of the side flanges


34


of the base, and having rearward ends


80


pivotally attached to the respective lift arm at a pivot point


82


. The pivot point is at a distance from the rearward end of the lift arm that is about equal to the length of the connecting arm. The connecting arms are suitably formed from 0.125-inch steel about 1 inch wide and about 5 inches in length, and can also be produced and received in large quantities directly from the steel mill.




As the block


56


is advanced by the actuator shaft


42


, the rearward ends of the connecting arms are rotated upward, and the lift arms are rotated about the pivot point


82


at the rearward ends of the connecting arms, to elevate the forward ends of the lift arms vertically above the forward end


26


of the base


22


.




The lift arms


70


further include a lifting pad


84


mounted on the forward ends


72


to engage the object to be lifted. The lifting pad includes an upper rectangular plate


86


oriented horizontally and having a pair of parallel lever arms


88


extending downward and forward from the sides of the plate, at an angle of about 30 degrees, with each lever arm having a lower end


90


and having an upper end


92


pivotally attached to the forward ends of the lift arms. The lifting pad is suitably formed from steel about 0.188-inch thick, with the upper plate about 1.5 inches by 4 inches, with the lever arms about 0.5-inch by 3 inches; and is produced from a stamped flat pattern (see

FIG. 6

) with the lever arms folded downward 90 degrees. The lifting pad preferably includes a central threaded aperture


93


for receiving a screw-out saddle


94


; or the plate can utilize a sleeved nut (not shown) swedged within the aperture for alternative threaded support for the saddle.




The screw-out saddle


94


includes a threaded shaft


96


about 0.5-inch in diameter and extending downward about 4 inches, and engaged within the aperture


93


of the lifting pad. The screw-out saddle is utilized to adjust the distance between the lifting pad and the object to be lifted for maximum lift and utility of the jack.




The upper plate


86


of the lifting pad


84


is retained in the horizontal orientation by a pairs of connecting links


98


pivotally connected to the lower ends


90


of the lever arms


88


and pivotally connected to a point


100


on the connecting arms, so that the lifting pad remains substantially horizontal during movement of the lift arms.




Referring now to

FIG. 4

, the base


22


is preferably formed from a piece of sheet metal having a flat pattern defining the areas of the rectangular bottom (


24


) and the respective rear flange (


30


), side flanges (


34


). The pattern includes additional flange areas for forming the increased upper portion (


38


) of the side flanges, additional tabs


102


for reinforcing the areas around the apertures (


36


,


36


A) in the side flanges, a reinforcing tab


104


at the rearward end of the side flanges, and two tabs (


50


) for reinforcing the rear flange, all extending outward from the rectangular bottom. The entire base can be formed from a single piece of sheet metal that is stamped to form the apertures and the periphery defined by the flat pattern.




The flat pattern of the base


22


can include one or more optional locking tabs


104


A that extend from the reinforcing tabs


104


(at the rear of the side flanges) that can be inserted into optional corresponding slots


30


A in the rear flange (


30


). After the flanges are folded and formed as detailed below, the locking tabs can be inserted through the slots and folded over to lock the corners of the rear and side flanges of the base.




The base is further formed by progressive folds of the stamped flat pattern, having first folds along


106


at the upper edge of the side flanges folded inward 180 degrees thereby providing a double thickness of sheet metal around the apertures


36


near the forward end of each side flange and forming a double thickness along the upper portion


38


of the side flange whereby the longitudinal recess


40


is provided by the single thickness along the lower portion of the side flange.




The outer two tabs (


50


) at the rear flange of the base are each folded along


108


and


110


inward 90 degrees to form the upper edge


50


of the rear flange. The base of the rear flange is folded along


112


inward 90 degrees to form the rear flange


30


, and along


112


A (a metal thickness rearward from fold


112


) to form the reinforcing tabs


104


at the rearward end of the side flanges (for reinforcing the rear flange.) The base of the side flanges are then folded along


114


upward 90 degrees to form the side flanges


34


and the reinforcing tabs


104


to enclose the rear flange to form the base


22


. (The optional locking tabs


104


A can then be folded 90 degrees inward and inserted through the slots


30


A, and folded another 90 degrees to further lock the rear corners, without the need for welding.)




Referring now to

FIG. 5

, the sliding block (


56


) is preferably formed from a piece of 0.188-sheet steel having a flat pattern defining the areas of the rectangular bottom (


57


) and the respective forward flange (


62


), rearward flange (


64


), and side flanges (


58


) extending outward from the rectangular bottom. The entire block can be formed from a single piece of sheet metal that is stamped to form the apertures


66


and


68


and the periphery defined by the flat pattern. The apertures are suitably threaded to match the threads of the actuator shaft


42


.




The block is further formed by progressive folds of the stamped flat pattern, having first folds along


116


at the side flanges with the upper portion folded downward 90 degrees, then the lower portion is defined by folds along


118


of 90 degrees upward, and the side flange is fully formed by another 90 degree fold upward along line


120


. The forward flange(


62


) is then folder along line


122


upward 90 degrees, and the rear flange (


64


) is folded along


124


upward 90 degrees to complete the block.




Referring to

FIG. 6

, the lifting pad (


84


) is similarly formed from a piece of 0.188-inch sheet steel having a flat pattern defining the areas of upper rectangular plate (


86


) and the respective lever arms (


88


). The flat pattern includes the respective apertures formed in the upper plate and the upper ends (


92


) and lower ends (


90


) of the lever arms. The entire lifting pad can be formed from a single piece of sheet metal that is stamped to form the apertures and the periphery defined by the flat pattern. The threads (for the shaft of the screw-out saddle) are tapped into the central aperture, and folds along


126


, 90 degrees downward, fully form the lifting pad.




The various flat patterns may incorporate allowances for bend radii, corner termination apertures and other metal forming techniques, and some hammering to finalize the configuration. The other components can be formed very economically, especially in large quantities, from stamped and folded sheet metal and can be fully assembled without the need for machining and welding.




Power Unit/ With Slide Forward Bridge




Referring now to

FIGS. 7-8

and


12


, an embodiment of an economical power unit


128


is adapted for use with an economical jack stand


130


. The jack stand (see

FIG.8

) has a base plate


132


with a housing


134


extending upward from the base plate and having a ratchet shaft


136


telescoped within the housing, with a lift collar


138


at the upper end of the shaft. The power unit has many components, similar to the components of the trunk jack


20


, fabricated without machining or welding and is similarly assembled without the need for welding (as previously described in terms of FIGS.


1


-


6


). After the power unit has been used to place the jack stand(s), the power unit can additionally be adapted, with a lift bridge


139


(see FIG.


7


A), for use as a conventional jack as discussed later in detail.




The power unit


128


has a base


140


(similar to base


22


of

FIGS. 1 and 4

) having a rectangular bottom


24


′, the rear flange


30


′ with central aperture


32


′, the side flanges


34


′ with reinforced apertures


36


′ and increased thickness


38


′ along the upper portion thereof providing the longitudinal recess


40


′ formed along the lower portion on the inner surfaces of each side flange, as previously discussed. However, the base of the power unit includes a “U” shaped opening


141


in the forward end thereof for receiving the jack stand


130


, by sliding over the base plate


132


and engaging the bottom of the housing


134


within the opening. The U-opening includes a pair of optional lead-in tabs


142


inclined upward (for sliding over the base plate), and a lip


143


flared upward (see

FIG. 12

) to facilitate engagement with the jack stand.




In a basic embodiment, the power unit utilizes the same lift arms (


70


), connecting arms


76


′, and connecting links


98


′ as previously described (in terms of the jack


20


). However, the power unit must have an opening at the forward ends of the lift arms to receive and engage the lift collar


138


of the jack stand


130


; therefore, a pair of separated leveling pads


144


are utilized (rather than the lifting pad


84


, utilized by the jack) at the forward ends of the lift arms.




Referring also to

FIGS. 9-11

, a preferred embodiment is shown having lift arms


156


that include an upper track to slideably retain the lift bridge


139


on the lift arm. The lift arms are shown in the horizontal position, and the upper tracks uniquely cooperate with the respective leveling pad


144


of the lift arms to retain and transfer the lift bridge. The leveling pads are suitably formed from a rectangular plate of about 0.188-inch steel, in a vertical orientation having the upper edge extruded, folded or wiped to form an outward flange


146


and provide a smooth upper surface


148


about 0.250-inch wide. The upper surface of the leveling pad is used to engage the lift collar


138


of the jack stand (see FIG.


11


), or to engage the lower surface of the bridge


139


(see FIGS.


9


and


10


). Each leveling pad includes a lever arm


150


extending forward and downward, at about 30 degrees, having a lower end


152


, and an upper end


154


pivotal attached to the forward end of the lift arm. The pair of connecting link


98


′ (see

FIG. 7

) are each pivotally connected at one end to the lower end


152


of the lever arm and pivotally connected at the other end to connecting point


100


′ on the respective connecting arms


76


′, as previously discussed.




The power unit is operated (same as jack


20


, see

FIG. 2

) by the screw threaded actuator shaft


42


and the reinforcing plate


48


, and the sliding block


56


that slides along the bottom of the base


140


. As previously discussed, the block is preferable formed from sheet metal that is stamped into a flat pattern and folded into the desired configuration (see FIG.


5


).




In this preferred embodiment, the power unit has the pair of lift arms


156


acting in parallel having forward ends


158


and rearward ends


160


, with the rearward ends pivotally attached to the respective side flanges


58


of the sliding block


56


. Each lift arm further includes the upper track provided by a longitudinal recessed channel


162


formed in the upper edge thereof for slideably retaining the lift bridge


139


. The channels can suitably be formed into a substantially circular (see

FIG. 10

) “C” or “U” shaped cross section. The lift arms are suitably formed from 0.125-inch steel about 1 inch high (after forming the channel) and are about 13 inches in length. The lift arm, including the channels, can be formed at the steel mill by folding and forming the upper edge, or extruding the upper edge into the desired shape in long strips and cutting them to the desired length. The cross section of the lift arm


156


are symmetrical and the same formed lift arm stock can be use for the left lift arm and reversed for the right lift arm. The lift arms can be efficiently and economically produced in large quantities and received directly from the mill, ready for assembly.




The lift bridge


139


is primarily a rectangular plate that is adapted to be positioned on the forward ends


158


of the lift arms


156


. The forward ends of the lift arms include the leveling pads


144


, each having the flange


146


and the upper surface


148


adapted to engage the lift collar


138


of the jack stand, and are also adapted to engage the flange channels


164


in the inner sides of the bridge, when the bridge is properly positioned on the forward ends of the lift arms. The lift bridge


139


is efficiently produced by a metallic casting incorporating the desired recesses and flanges, as well as any other desired features, i.e. a central aperture therein with suitable reinforcing boss, or strengthening ribs or gussets for added strength or for other specific applications.




The recessed channels


162


of the guide tracks each have a suitable shape and internal surface to retain a follower member


166


. As shown in

FIG. 10

, the follower member has a suitable inverted “T” cross section retained within the “C” shaped recessed channels


162


, and has a guide pin


168


with a “T” shaped upper end, extending upward from the opening of the channel and is adapted to traverse along the upper surface of the lift arm. The bridge


139


further includes a pair of recessed slots


170


in the rearward bottom thereof adapted to engage the guide pins, to facilitate movement of the lift bridge along the track from the forward position to the displaced position. The inverted “T” shape of the follower member and the “T” shape of the guide pin form a generally “I” shaped cross section of the follower member to suitable interconnect the bridge within the recessed channel.




The bridge


139


is retained by the engagement of the guide pins of the follower member


166


and the recessed slots


170


whenever the bridge is displaced rearward along the lift arm. When the bridge is transferred to the forward end of the lift arms, the channel flanges


164


of the bridge slide over the flanges


146


of the leveling pads


144


until the bridge is fully positioned thereon. This follower member, guide pin, recessed slot, retention means are designed to operate with loose tolerances, and is rugged and reliable in the work environment. With the foregoing components, the lift bridge remains integral with the lift arms and functions quite smoothly from the forward position to the rearward displaced position on the lift arms of the power unit.




The length of the longitudinal recessed channel


162


of the lift arm


156


is defined by a plug


172


that is adapted to fit snugly within the recessed channel. The plug is first inserted into the forward end of the recessed channel and pushed to the desired position, then the exterior of the track is staked (i.e. with a hammer and punch) at, or slightly rearward of, the plug to fix it into position within the channel. The follower member


166


is thereby limited to travel along the lift arm between the forward end thereof and the displaced position defined by the position of the plug.




Referring particularly to

FIGS. 9 and 11

, a more preferred embodiment is described wherein the recessed channels


162


further include biasing means, shown as compression springs


174


to urge the respective follower members


166


to the forward ends of the channels of the lift arms. Thus, the lift bridge


139


is automatically urged to the forward ends of the lift arm; and conversely, a force on the forward end of the lift bridge pushes the respective follower member rearward within the recessed channel to compress the spring. The compression spring is adapted to provide sufficient force to position the bridge at the forward ends of the lift arms (when the lift arms are in a generally horizontal orientation), and further adapted to be readily compressible by the routine engagement of the forward end of the bridge with the housing or lifting pad of a jack stand


130


within the forward end of the frame. The springs


174


are suitably inserted into the channels


162


at the forwards end thereof, prior to insertion of the respective follower member


166


. The spring and follower member are suitable retained at the forward end of the lift arms by the engagement of guide pin with the bridge, but can be further contained by blocking the forward end of the recessed channel with a suitable plug, crimp or other restriction.




The spring


174


is retained within the recessed channels


162


and automatically expanded to the full span of the channel along with the follower members


166


, whenever there is no jack stand


130


positioned within the frame of the power unit, as in FIG.


9


. The power unit, with the automatic slide forward bridge


139


positioned at the forward ends of the lift arms


156


, is thus automatically converted for use as a load-lifting jack.




The springs


172


are shown compressed within the channels in

FIG. 11

, by the engagement of the jack stand. The power unit, with the automatic slide forward bridge forced rearward by the engagement of a jack stand, is thus automatically converted for use with the jack stand.




The lift bridge


139


further features a screw-out saddle


176


that includes a threaded shaft


178


about 0.5-inch in diameter and extending downward about 4 to 6 inches, and engaged within a threaded aperture of the bridge. The screw-out saddle is utilized to adjust the distance between the bridge and the object to be lifted for maximum lift and utility of the power unit.




Referring now to

FIG. 12

, the base


140


is preferably stamped from a piece of sheet steel having a flat pattern defining the areas of the rectangular bottom (


24


′) including the U shaped opening


141


and the lip


143


and the respective rear flange (


30


′) and side flanges (


34


′). The pattern includes additional flange areas for forming the increased upper portion (


38


′) of the side flanges, additional tabs


102


′ for reinforcing the areas around the apertures (


36


′,


36


A′) in the side flanges, a reinforcing tab


104


′ at the rearward end of the side flanges, and two tabs (


50


′) for reinforcing the rear flange, all extending outward from the rectangular bottom. The entire base can be formed from a single piece of sheet metal that is stamped to form the apertures and the periphery defined by the flat pattern.




The flat pattern of the base (


140


) can include one or more optional locking tabs


104


A′ that extend from the reinforcing tabs


104


′ (at the rear of the side flanges) that can be inserted into optional corresponding slots (


30


A′) in the rear flange (


30


′). After the flanges are folded and formed as detailed below, the locking tabs can be inserted through the slots and folded over, to lock the corners of the rear and side flanges of the base.




The base is further formed by progressive folds of the stamped flat pattern, having first folds along


106


at the upper edge of the side flanges folded inward 180 degrees thereby providing a double thickness of sheet metal around the apertures


36


near the forward end of each side flange and forming a double thickness along the upper portion


38


of the side flange whereby the longitudinal recess


40


is provided by the single thickness along the lower portion of the side flange.




The outer two tabs (


50


) at the rear flange of the base are each folded along


108


and


110


inward 90 degrees to form the upper edge


50


of the rear flange. The sheet is folded along


112


inward 90 degrees to form the rear flange


30


, and along


112


A (a metal thickness rearward from fold


112


) to form the reinforcing tabs


104


at the rearward end of the side flanges (for reinforcing the rear flange.) The base of the side flanges are then folded along


114


′ inward (upward) 90 degrees to form the side flanges


34


and the reinforcing tabs


104


′ and locking tabs


104


A′ to enclose the rear flange, to form the base


140


without the need for welding.




Referring again to

FIG. 5

, as previously discussed, the sliding block (


56


) is preferably formed from a piece of 0.188-inch sheet metal having a flat pattern defining the areas of rectangular bottom (


57


) and the respective forward flange (


62


), rearward flange (


64


), and side flanges (


58


) extending outward from the rectangular bottom. The entire block can be formed from a single piece of sheet metal that is stamped to form the apertures


66


and


68


and the periphery defined by the flat pattern. The apertures are preferably threaded to match the threads of the actuator shaft.




The block is further formed by progressive folds of the stamped flat pattern, a having first folds along


116


at the side flanges with the upper portion folded downward 90 degrees, then the lower portion is defined by folds along


118


of 90 degrees upward, and the side flange is fully formed by another 90 degree fold upward along line


120


. The forward flange (


62


) is then folder along line


122


upward 90 degrees, and the rear flange (


64


) is folded along


124


upward 90 degrees to complete the block.




Jack Stand




Referring now to FIGS.


8


and


13


-


20


, an economical jack stand


130


(for use with the power unit


128


), is shown that is extremely functional, reliable, durable and safe; and the components thereof can be produced and assembled without machining or welding. The jack stand is typically operated by the power unit


128


; however, the jack stand can be utilized separately, placed and operated by hand, to support a load that has already been elevated by a conventional jack or other means.




The jack stand


130


, and many components thereof have been previously described in reference to the power unit


128


, and includes the rectangular base plate


132


having the tubular housing


134


extending vertically from the base plate.




The base plate


132


(see particularly

FIGS. 16-18

) is suitable a rectangular square about 6 inches by 6 inches of 0.125-inch steel plate that is stamped to include about four slots


180


therein (adapted to receive tabs


182


from the lower ends of the tubular housing). The peripheral area


183


of the base plate is flat, and the central area of the base plate (inscribed by the slots) is flat to support the tubular housing, and the central area is contoured upward about 0.125-inch through a formed area


184


to provide clearance for the tabs of the tubular housing to be folder under the base plate.




The tubular housing


134


(see particularly

FIGS. 17 and 20

) extends about six to eight inches from the base plate and is preferably rectangular in cross section having a rear side


186


, a left side


188


, a right side


190


, a left front half


192


, a right front half


194


, with each side about 2 inches wide. The housing has an upper end


196


and a lower end


198


. The lower ends of the respective sides include the extended tabs


182


, adapted to be inserted into the slots


180


and folded under the base plate


132


, for attaching the housing to the base plate. The lower ends of the left side


188


and right side


190


of the housing each further includes a lateral protrusion


200


formed initially by a stamped slit of about 0.75-inch and progressively pressed outward about 0.125-inch to provided a suitable channel (with the base plate


132


) for slideable engagement with the lip of the U shaped opening


141


of the base of the power unit


128


. The left and right sides of the housing further include vertical slots


202


, in the centers thereof, which act as stabilizing guides for the ratchet shaft


136


, to be described later in more detail. The housing is suitably formed from 0.125-inch steel that is progressively stamped, formed and folded into the desired configuration.




The ratchet shaft


136


(see particularly

FIGS. 19 and 20

) is preferably a “U” shaped shaft having an upper end


204


, a lower end


206


, with upward-inclined-ratchet teeth


208


formed on the forward edges thereof. The shaft is suitably about seven inches long and formed of 0.188-inch steel with equal sides (about 1.88 inches) adapted to be telescopically inserted within the housing


134


, and is vertically extendable and retractable within the housing. The upper end


204


of the ratchet shaft includes upper tabs


210


that are folded inward 90 degrees to provide an upper surface, and the upper tabs include four apertures


212


, for attaching the lift collar


138


to the upper end of the shaft. The lower end


206


of the sides includes optional tabs


214


which are folded inward to provide additional strength and rigidity to the lower end of the shaft. The left and right sides of the shaft also include stamped and threaded apertures


215


that, upon assembly, are aligned with the vertical slots


202


of the housing and are adapted to retain stabilizing lugs


242


, to be later described in more detail.




The tubular (square) housing


134


and (“U”) ratchet shaft


136


are preferably generally rectangular in cross-section, as shown in

FIG. 13

, and have strength and self aligning advantages. However, as shown in

FIG. 13



a


, the components could also be formed having a cylindrical housing


134




a


and a semi-cylindrical shaft


136




a


and a generally circular cross-section that can similarly be readily stamped rolled, and formed into an economical jack stand of the present invention.




The height of the ratchet shaft


136


is locked in position within the housing by a pair of pawls


216


that are interconnected on a D-pin


218


and each pawl is adapted to be engagable with a respective tooth


208


of the shaft. Each pawl is somewhat “claw” shaped having a base with a diameter of about 0.50-inch and tapering about one inch to a curved, sharp distal tip. The D-pin has a “D” shaped cross-section that mates with corresponding lateral “D” shaped apertures in the pawls, to fix the orientation of the pawls on the D-pin. The D-pin suitably has a major diameter of about 0.375-inch of hardened steel and is about 2.25 inches in length. Each pawl is suitably stamped from 0.25-inch steel plate. The pawls are aligned on the pin adjacent the ratchet teeth and suitably fixed laterally on the D-pin with setscrews, or preferably swedged, staked or are otherwise bonded to the pin. The upper end of the housing includes a pair of vertical flanges


220


extended forward about one inch and having apertures


222


therein to pivotally support the D-pin adjacent to the ratchet shaft. The flanges are further extended and folded inward to provide a front portion


224


to generally enclose the D-pin and pawls.




The engagement and disengagement of the pawls


216


with the ratchet teeth


208


are controlled by an actuating spring


226


. The upper end


228


of the actuating spring is formed into a “D” shape and attached to (wrapped around) the D pin


218


, and a generally vertical central portion


230


provides the lever handle to control the rotation of the D-pin and pawls. The lower end of the actuating spring in bent generally horizontal (forming a finger pull loop) and includes a first position indention


232


and a second position indention


234


. The actuating spring is suitable formed of 0.125-inch diameter spring steel, or flat spring steel about 0.125-inch by about 0.063-inch, (about six inches long) and contoured generally into the above described shape with a handle central portion


230


about three inches in length.




A front half (shown in the right front half


194


) of the housing


143


includes a slotted opening


236


adapted to receive the lower end of the actuating spring


226


. The slot is off center to provide any needed clearance with a screw out saddle that may be extended downward within the center of the ratchet shaft


136


. The upper end


228


of the actuating spring


226


is similarly positioned on the right side of the D-pin (near the right pawl


216


) to vertically align the actuating spring in the slotted opening


236


.




As shown in

FIG. 14

, when the handle portion


230


of the actuating spring


226


is pulled out, the first position indention


232


is engaged with the slotted opening


236


of the housing, to provide inward (clockwise) rotational torque on the pin


218


, and thus the pawls


216


are each engaged with one of the respective ratchet teeth


208


. In typical ratchet movement, as the ratchet shaft is extended, the inclined upper surface of the next ratchet tooth


208


wedges the underside of the pawl (slightly counter-clockwise) and slides upward past the pawl, and the torque of the spring engages the pawl back onto the “next” tooth, etc. However, the lower surface of the “next” tooth is flat (and indented) and can only act on the upper side of the pawl, and any downward force on the upper side of the pawl tends to lock the pawl into the base of the “next” tooth; and thus prevents any downward movement of the shaft. When the jack stand is raised to the desired height, each pawl is engaged under the adjacent “next” ratchet teeth to securely and safely support the load, and the power unit


128


can be lowered and removed.




As shown in

FIG. 15

, to lower the ratchet shaft, the handle portion


230


of the actuating spring


226


is pushed inward, and the second position indention


234


is engaged with the slotted opening


236


of the housing to provide outward (counter-clockwise) rotational torque on the pin


218


, and thus the pawls


216


are disengaged from the ratchet teeth


208


. It should be noted that, if there is a downward load on the ratchet shaft, the torque of the actuating spring is insufficient to disengage the pawls and the ratchet shaft remains locked within the housing until the load is released (by engagement of the power unit


128


and slightly raising the jack stand), then the torque of the actuating spring releases the pawls and the load and jack stand can be lowered by the power unit.




The lift collar


138


is suitable a rectangular plate having a pair of channels


237


in the lower surface thereof adapted to engage the leveling pads


144


of the power unit


128


. The lift collar has four apertures


238


therein aligned with the apertures


212


in the upper surface of the ratchet shaft


136


, for attaching the lift collar with suitable headless rivets


240


. The lift collar preferably includes a central aperture


241


adapted to receive a screw-out saddle


244


. The lift collar is suitably about 3.5 inches by 2.0 inches and formed of 0.250-inch steel plate, or can also be efficiently cast in the above dimensions to include the channels and the central aperture.




The screw-out saddle


244


is similar to those previously described, having a threaded shaft about 0.50-inch in diameter and about four six inches in length. The screw-out saddle is utilized to adjust the distance between the lift collar and the object to be lifted, for maximum lift and utility of the jack stand.




Referring again to

FIGS. 16-20

, the jack stand is economically produced by first stamping the contoured base plate


132


(see FIG.


16


).




The tubular housing


134


is formed from a piece of sheet metal having a flat pattern (see

FIG. 17

) defining the area of rear side (


186


) in the center thereof, with the area of the left side (


188


) and right side (


190


) extending outward therefrom, and the respective areas of one half of the front sides (


192


,


194


), flanges (


220


,


224


), and tabs


182


each extending outward from the respective side. The periphery of the flat pattern is stamped, along with the lateral protrusions


200


and the vertical slots


202


and apertures


222


. The flat pattern (


134


) is next folded 90 degrees inward along lines


246


, then along lines


248


, and also along lines


250


to form the tubular housing. The metal is stamped and formed with conventional tooling and metal forming techniques, and can be suitably formed with various sequences of the folds.




The tabs


182


of the housing


134


are fully inserted into the corresponding slots


180


in the base plate


132


(see

FIG. 20

) and folded over (see

FIG. 18

) to firmly secure the housing to the base plate.




The pawls


216


, D-pin


218


and actuating spring


226


(see

FIG. 20

) are sub-assembled, with one pawl (i.e. the right) and the actuating spring fixedly positioned on the right side of D-pin, and with the other pawl (i.e. the left) slideably on (but not fixed on) the D-pin. The left end of the D-pin, with the slideable pawl inward, is fed under the front portion


224


of the housing and inserted through the left aperture


222


of the left flange


220


of the housing


134


, and the other end of the D-pin is maneuvered into the right aperture of the corresponding right flange of the housing. The D-pin is then aligned to position the fixed right pawl against the inner right flange


220


(for proper alignment with the respective ratchet teeth


208


of the U shaft to be inserted in the housing) and the slideable pawl (the left) is then positioned close to the inner left flange


220


(for proper alignment with the other ratchet teeth of the shaft), and is fixed in position on the D-pin. The lower end of the actuating spring is then inserted into the opening


236


of the housing, and pushed inward to the 2


nd


position indentation


234


to complete the assembly of the tubular housing.




The U shaped ratchet shaft


136


is stamped into the flat pattern (see

FIG. 19

) and is then folded inward 90 degrees along lines


252


to provide the top and bottom surfaces, then folded inward 90 degrees along lines


254


to form the respective sides of the shaft.




As previously discussed, the lift collar


138


is attached to the upper surface of the ratchet shaft (see

FIG. 20

) by a set of four headless rivets


240


that are inserted within the respective aligned apertures


212


of the ratchet shaft and apertures


238


of the lift collar. The rivets (and apertures) are about 0.125-inch in diameter and are about 0.50-inch in length (exceeding the thickness of the combined components) and are then compressed (hot upset process) to expand within the apertures, and securely bond the lift collar to the upper surface of the shaft. The screw-out saddle


244


in then inserted into the lift collar to complete the assembly of the ratchet shaft.




The assembled ratchet shaft


136


(with lift collar


138


) is then inserted into the housing


134


and nested in the bottom of the housing. A stabilizing lug


242


is attached through the vertical slot


202


in each side of the tubular housing, to the threaded apertures


215


in each side of the ratchet shaft, with suitable fasteners


256


. The lugs are each about 0.25-inch thick by 0.75-inch high by 0.25-inch wide, and are adapted to slide within the full range of the slots to retain and stabilize the ratchet shaft within the housing.




In use by a consumer, the power unit


128


and jack stand


130


are engaged and positioned at a desired lift location under an automobile (or other object to be lifted or pushed). The actuator shaft


42


and block


57


are advanced to pivot the lift arms and raise the leveling pads


144


under the lift collar


138


. This extends the telescopic ratchet shaft


136


from within the housing


134


of the jack stand to raise the automobile corner to the desired height. The power unit can then be lowered and removed, leaving the extended ratchet shaft locked, by a releasable pawls


216


, to the housing of the jack stand, safely supporting the elevated corner of the automobile. (The power unit can now be used to position another jack stand


130


, or used with the bridge


139


as a jack to raise another corner of an automobile.) To lower the automobile, the power unit is re-positioned and re-engaged with the elevated jack stand. The power unit is actuated so that the leveling pads are raised up under the lift collar of the jack stand to support the load and relieve the force on the ratchet shaft. The actuating spring


226


of the jack stand is pushed in to release the pawls from the ratchet shaft, and the actuator


42


and block are retracted to lower the leveling pads of the power unit. As the power unit is lowered, the ratchet. shaft is smoothly telescoped back within the housing until the jack stand is free from the automobile. The jack stand and the power unit can now be removed.




While specific embodiments and examples of the present invention have been illustrated and described herein, it is realized that modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. It is therefore to be understood that the appended claims are intended to cover all such modifications and changes as fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.



Claims
  • 1. An economical jack stand for use with a power unit, comprisinga rectangular base plate; a tubular housing having a forward side, a rearward side, a left and right side, an upper end and a lower end, with the lower end attached to said base plate and said housing extending vertically therefrom; a “U” shaped ratchet shaft having a back side, left side, right side, an upper end and a lower end, with ratchet teeth on the forward edges thereof, telescopically inserted within said housing and extendable and retractable therein; a lift collar mounted on the upper end of said shaft; a pair of pawls interconnected by a pin, with each pawl adapted to be engagable with a respective tooth of said shaft, with said pin pivotally attached to the upper end of said housing; and an actuating spring secured to said pin forming a handle for rotating said pawls into engagement with the teeth of said shaft, and further for rotating said pawls into disengagement from the teeth of said shaft.
  • 2. The jack stand as in claim 1, wherein said housing includes tabs extending downward from the lower ends of at lease two sides of said housing; and wherein said base plate includes slotted apertures therein for receiving and securing the tabs.
  • 3. The jack stand as in claim 1, wherein said housing further includes lateral protrusions at the lower end of the left and right side thereof, and adapted to be engagable with a “U” shaped opening in the forward end of the power unit.
  • 4. The jack stand as in claim 1, wherein said housing further includes a vertical slot in at least one side thereof; and said shaft includes a lug mounted on the lower end of said shaft adapted to extend and slide within the slot in said housing for retaining and stabilizing said shaft in said housing.
  • 5. The jack stand as in claim 1, wherein said housing is cylindrical in shape, and said shaft is semi-cylindrical.
  • 6. The jack stand as in claim 1, wherein said tubular housing is rectangular in cross section.
  • 7. The jack stand as in claim 1, wherein said pawls have “D” shaped apertures therein and the pin has a “D” shaped cross section for orienting said pawls on the pin.
  • 8. The jack stand as in claim 7, wherein the actuating spring has an upper end attached to the D-pin, and has a generally vertical handle portion, and has a generally horizontal lower portion including a first position indention and a second position indention.
  • 9. The jack stand as in claim 8, wherein said housing includes a slotted opening adapted to receive the lower portion of said actuator spring whereby the first position indention is engagable with the slotted opening to position the pawls into engagement with the teeth of said ratchet shaft, and the second position indention is engagable with the slotted opening to position the pawls into disengagement from the teeth of said ratchet shaft.
  • 10. The jack stand as in claim 1, wherein said tubular housing is formed from a piece of sheet metal having a flat pattern defining the areas of the rearward side in the center thereof, with the areas of the left and right sides extending outward therefrom, and the areas of one half of the front side each extending outward from the respective right and left side, and with the rearward side, the left and right sides and the two halves of the front side each having a tab extending outward from the lower end thereof adapted for engagement with the slotted apertures of said base plate, and with the upper end of each half front side including a side flange each having an aperture for receiving said pin, and half of a front cover plate extending from the side of the flanges of the halves of the front side.
US Referenced Citations (8)
Number Name Date Kind
780979 Correll Jan 1905 A
2895704 Urbain et al. Jul 1959 A
4005850 Myers et al. Feb 1977 A
4141526 John Feb 1979 A
4553727 Arzouman Nov 1985 A
4556163 Lundman Dec 1985 A
4856747 Gano Aug 1989 A
5180131 Few Jan 1993 A