Patent Application
20080230497
Advertising and other kinds of messaging are typically presented in forms that use “vertical space,” such as billboards, walls, ceiling-mounted hanging vertical displays, and the like. Another kind of space that has great potential for advertising and messaging, but has been largely overlooked, is floor space, which may be characterized as a type of “horizontal space.”
Floor mats are generally used in horizontal space. However, a drawback with floor mats is the difficulty in customization and modification for a particular application, purchaser, product, or the like. A floor mat may be the first object that a visitor to a particular home or business encounters. As such, the owner of the home or business may want to utilize the floor mat to graphically convey an initial greeting or message to the visitor. Whereas floor mats are known that may include a greeting on them, it was not previously known to allow for a particular purchaser to customize the displayed graphic so that the message is tailored to convey a particular message desired by the purchaser. For example, on Halloween the purchaser may want the floor mat to display a “Happy Halloween” message. In another situation, the purchaser may want to greet a particular visitor with a message such as “Hello, Joe”. Previously, it was not known to provide a floor mat where an individual can customize the floor mat to display a particular message that they want to convey and in certain circumstances even change the floor mat's message they want to convey. Another kind of horizontal space that has been largely overlooked is elevated horizontal space, such as tables and counters.
There have been efforts to exploit floor space and elevated horizontal space for advertising. Adhesive (i.e., “stick-on”) floor and counter decals are known. Such decals may include a colorful image and convey some kind of advertising message, such as “Drink Coke”. Such an advertising medium is limited, however, by the fact that the message is static and not easily changed. On the other hand, U.S. Pat. No. 6,417,778, which is fully incorporated herein by reference, describes a modifiable electronic display associated with a floor that enables images and text to be easily changed, allowing an advertising message to be quickly adaptable and efficiently targeted toward desired customers.
However, there remain challenges to effectively and efficiently communicate to an audience by displaying visual advertising or messaging in other areas where advertising is desired, including at shelves where products are displayed. There have been efforts to advertise on shelves, such as labels, hang tags, and coupon dispensers. These methods also are limited in their ability to be customized and modified for a particular application, product, or purchaser.
Interactive features in a display system may increase its usefulness and commercial appeal. U.S. Pat. No. 6,982,649 to Blum et al., for example, describes a floor display system including a number of interactive features for use in various commercial or other public applications. However, it would be advantageous to improve upon such display systems for use with and in other spaces. The present invention disclosure relates to a number of advantageous improvements and enhancements to such a display system.
Embodiments of the invention may address the above needs and achieve other advantages by providing an edge display system including a shelf and an electronic display device, thereby combining many desirable features of a horizontal display system with desired characteristics for shelf advertising.
In one embodiment of the invention, an edge display system includes at least one shelf defining a surface that is substantially horizontal and configured to support the placement of a product, where the shelf includes a first attachment device positioned on the substantially horizontal surface of the shelf, and at least one electronic display device attached to a second attachment device that is configured to attach to the first attachment device, where the electronic display device is configured to display electronically modifiable content.
In another embodiment of the invention, an apparatus includes at least one electronic display device attached to a second attachment device that is configured to attach to a first attachment device on a substantially horizontal surface of a shelf and to support the positioning of the electronic display device on the substantially horizontal surface of the shelf, where the electronic display device is configured to display electronically modifiable content and the substantially horizontal surface of the shelf is configured to support the placement of the product.
In another embodiment of the invention, a method of displaying information on a shelf includes providing an edge display system. The edge display system includes at least one shelf defining a surface that is substantially horizontal and configured to support the placement of a product, where the shelf includes a first attachment device positioned on the substantially horizontal surface of the shelf, at least one electronic display device attached to a second attachment device that is configured to attach to the first attachment device, where the electronic display device is configured to display electronically modifiable content, and displaying electronically modifiable content on a first electronic display device.
Having thus described the invention in general terms, reference will now be made to the accompanying drawings, which are not necessarily drawn to scale, and wherein:
FIGS. 1 and 2A-2B show a floor display system according to embodiments of the present invention;
The present invention now will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the inventions are shown. Indeed, these inventions may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will satisfy applicable legal requirements. Like numbers refer to like elements throughout.
Embodiments of the present invention relate to an edge display system with a display or multiple displays capable of being configured to a portion of a shelf. It has been discovered that the horizontal edge of shelving, such as in a public building like a market or retail store, like the vertical edge of shelving, is a location that provides a great deal of exposure to consumers and, therefore, is an advantageous position for advertising. The shelf or shelves may have power and signal connections built therein. For instance, the shelves may contain Ethernet connections or the like. Therefore, the displays may be placed anywhere along the length of a shelf and receive power and signals through the shelf. Some shelves may be manufactured with a fixed placement for the displays. In that case, the displays may only be placed in specific areas along the length of the shelf to receive power and/or signal connections. Displays may be snapped onto a shelf or affixed to and positioned on the shelf in a similar manner, such as using Velcro. For example, the shelf may include a track that is configured to receive the displays and may include a locking mechanism to restrict the removal and/or movement of the displays.
Some embodiments of the present invention relate to a display system comprising an edge display system and a floor display system. “Floor” as used herein means floor, ground, or any surfaces thereof including concrete, asphalt, carpeting, wood, linoleum, tile, rubber, vinyl and the like. It should be noted an edge display system may also have many or all of the same features as that of a floor display system in some embodiments. For example, a floor display may have features of variable image orientation. And an image displayed by an edge display system may similarly be oriented and/or reoriented depending on the perspective of viewers, such as to make the image more easily seen and understood, just as for a floor display. To orient and/or re-orient the image, the image may be angled and/or rotated or otherwise moved or shifted in relation to a detected observer.
A display system according to the present invention may be arranged in a public place, such as a commercial establishment or other public building, and be configured to display electronically modifiable arbitrary content, such as advertising or other informational content. In embodiments, the display system may be configured to detect an indication of the presence or activity of a person in the vicinity, and upon detecting the indication, perform a corresponding action in response. For example, upon detecting the indication of the presence of a person, the display system may generate a predetermined display in response. The display system may further produce some predetermined audio output in response to detecting a person. For example, the display system may be arranged on and possibly also near shelving holding products for sale, and display advertising and promotional content relating to the products. In addition to variable image orientation, the display system may include the features of: brightness control, networked data distribution and management, interactivity, image-enhancing optics, controlled audio, a protective covering, an anti-slip feature, fragrance technology, theft prevention, deployment in a track or trench system, specialized positioning mechanisms, and lightweight and/or flexible implementations. These and other advantageous embodiments of the present invention are described in more detail in the following.
More specifically, an edge display system comprises an electronic display device. The electronic display device is able to display electronically modifiable arbitrary content. The display system further comprises a controller and a sensing device coupled to the controller. The sensing device is associated with a specific location on the display device and generates a signal to the controller to cause a content of a display of the display device to be modified or newly generated at the specific location. This enables eye-catching effects to be created on the display device, as described in more detail below, and consequently enhances the usefulness and commercial appeal of the display system.
As noted above, U.S. Pat. No. 6,417,778 discloses a system for electronically conveying information via a display. More specifically, the display may incorporate a modifiable electronic display surface presenting for example, a liquid crystal display. The display may be connected to a computer and a computer generated image could be displayed on the display. Thus, the image displayed on the display could be modified by generating a different computer image and displaying that computer image on the display. The display may be associated with a shelf, such as snapped or attached in a similar way thereon, or may simply sit on top of the shelf. Alternatively, the display could be integrally formed within the shelf. The modifiable display could utilize a plurality of different graphics that can be displayed in any of a variety of manners on the display. For example, the graphics could be displayed in a generally fixed position on the display or could scroll across the display, with both exemplary methodologies displaying multiple graphics either individually or in combination. There could be multiple displays lined across a shelf where an image stays fixed on each display, passes from one display to another, or changes in some other manner between displays. The displays may be linked or may be isolated from one another. If the displays are linked, an image may “move” from one display to another display or be split between two or more adjacent screens. The images may “move” from one display to another display by, for instance, illuminating a first display while not illuminating an adjacent second display and then illuminating the second display while not illuminating the first display. In either case, an image may be shown on each screen. Images may be transmitted through a wired or wireless broadcast, such as a wide area network (WAN) or similar wireless system. The images may be internally stored and display through self-contained video processing.
Other alternatives for modifying graphics displayed on the floor covering include using light emitting polymers to create, and thus change, the graphics. The light emitting polymers can be either applied to, attached to, or woven into the display system.
Other options for a display are to use electronic ink or electric paper. Electric paper is available from Xerox and is described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,723,204, 5,604,027, 4,126,854, and 4,143,103, which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. Electric paper employs thousands of tiny, electrically charged beads, called Gyricon, each about the width of a human hair, to create pixels. The two-tone beads are embedded inside a liquid-filled plastic sheeting that forms the surface of the paper. Each bead, half-black, half-white, gyrates in response to an electric field. Whether the beads are black- or white-side up determines the image. Because there's no need to refresh the image, and because the screen isn't backlit, electric paper uses only a fraction of the power used by conventional electronic displays.
According to embodiments of the present invention, additional or alternative technologies to those described above may be used to implement an edge display system or a floor display system. A display system 100 according to embodiments of the present invention is shown in
Referring now to
According to embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of sensing devices 280 may be included in the floor display system 100. For example, the plurality of sensing devices could be arranged below the top surface 200.
Each sensing device could be associated with a particular location on the display device 101. For example, each sensing device 280 could be identified by a coordinate pair, such as (3, 2), identifying the sensing device in the third row and second column. Each coordinate pair would further correspond to a location on a display area of the display device 101. Based on a signal generated by a sensing device(s), a corresponding display area of the display device could be caused to display a desired content. For example, a previous content could be modified and/or new content generated based on a signal from a sensing device. More specifically, the sensing devices 280 could be coupled to the controller 103. Based on signals received from a sensing device(s), the controller could execute logic to cause desired content to be displayed at a location or locations on a display area of the display device corresponding to the sensing device(s) from which signals are received.
The sensing devices 280 could, in particular, be capable of sensing the presence of an object on, near or above the display device. To this end, the sensing devices 280 could include, by way of example only, devices responsive to light. These include any or all of photo detectors, photo diodes, and photo transistors. Such devices are responsive to a change in an amount of ambient light, and may be made to generate corresponding output signals in response to a decrease or increase in the amount of ambient light. These signals may be input to a controller as described above. Thus, the display system 100 could be configured to generate content at specific locations in response to a person proximate to, stepping on, or walking near or across the display system 100 by causing sensing devices corresponding to the specific locations to generate signals in response to the presence, stepping, or walking. For example and more specifically, because the presence, stepping, or walking may block light input to the sensing devices, the sensing devices may register a decrease in light and may be caused to generate corresponding signals to the controller. Based on the signals, the controller may generate desired content at locations corresponding to the sensing devices that generate the signals. The content, for example, could be an eye-catching image such as advertisements that track the movement of a person.
Pressure-sensing devices or temperature-sensing devices could also be used to detect and track objects on a display system using operations similar to the operations involving the light-responsive devices as described above. The pressure-sensing devices, temperature-sensing devices and light-responsive sensing devices could each be used solely or in combination with one or more other types of sensing devices. While the sensing devices may be arranged below the transparent member, they need not be. They could be on an upper surface of the transparent member or embedded within the transparent member. For example, the transparent member could be machined or fabricated to receive a sensing device array therein in such a way that the sensing device array is protected but can sense changes in light and/or pressure and/or temperature.
In some embodiments, the light-responsive devices could be passive devices that receive light energy from ambient light and register changes in the amount of light energy received. A baseline level of light energy may be determined based on an average of light energy received by a plurality of sensing devices, and all of the plurality of the sensing devices may be calibrated based on this baseline level. On the other hand, individual sensing devices could be calibrated based on different respective baseline light energy levels. The sensing devices could be calibrated so when there was a change the baseline level of light energy, for example due to some object blocking incident light energy, they would output a signal that is received by the controller. In response, the controller could cause desired content to be displayed. To discourage spurious signals from the sensing devices, the sensing devices could be arranged in a recess to ensure that most incident light energy is received from a desired direction. In alternative embodiments, the sensing devices could be active sensing devices that emit electromagnetic energy such as light or other radiation, and generate signals based on whether the emitted light energy is reflected or interrupted. Embodiments could include both passive and active sensing devices.
The sensing devices could be arranged in any desired way, and need not form a regular pattern. For example, the sensing devices could be spaced to achieve a desired resolution. To detect comparatively small objects on or near the display system, the sensing devices could be comparatively close together and comparatively more numerous to yield a comparatively fine resolution. On the other hand, to detect comparatively large objects, the sensing devices could be comparatively far apart and comparatively less numerous to yield a comparatively coarse resolution. In a given display system, there could be an arrangement of sensing devices in a mixture of comparatively fine resolution and comparatively coarse resolution. In embodiments, sensing devices could be arranged with a comparatively fine resolution on or near the perimeter of a display system. Such an arrangement could be effective to produce eye-catching effects, such as a display of a ripple in a pool of water beginning as a person approaches the perimeter of the display system and conforming to the shape of the person near the perimeter.
As noted with reference to
The audio device could be configured to generate audio output corresponding to a display of the display system. An example is shown in
It should be understood that embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the components, or forms thereof, of the system as illustrated in, for instance,
In still further embodiments of the present invention, the display system 100 may comprise one or more displays in addition to a horizontal display system, such as a display that is substantially vertical or inclined. An example is shown in
In still further embodiments of the present invention, the display system 100 may comprise one or more edge displays 950 that may be co-planar with the floor or may be angled such as up to approximately sixty degrees relative to the floor or horizontal surface of the shelf. For example, a shelf 960 may be co-planar with the floor but the edge display or displays 950 may be angled up to approximately sixty degrees relative to the generally horizontal surface of the shelf 960. As shown in
In yet further embodiments of the present invention, a covering may be used in combination with an image projection device. In such embodiments, the covering provides a surface onto which the projection device projects an image from a distance.
Images projected onto the edges of the shelves or floor coverings could be configurable to include arbitrary content as described above, for example, by coupling the projection devices to components of a system as described in connection with
The projection devices could be movable along rail systems.
An alternative embodiment using a floor covering in combination with an image projection device is illustrated in
The display system 100 and data input/output device may be arranged in a convenient location in a commercial establishment. A customer visiting the establishment may approach the data input/output device, which may be arranged at a comfortable level for speaking or typing into, such as a shelf. The customer may utter, for example, an item or list of items into the speech input device, or type the item or items into the keyboard. In response, the display system may display a corresponding output, such as an advertisement or advertisements for the items, and/or a location within the establishment of the items or items, and/or generate print output 703, such as a coupon or coupons for, or specifying the location of, the item or items.
Under the control of the controller, the substantially vertical or inclined display device 910 could be caused to generate content relating to content displayed on the electronic display device 240 associated with the floor covering 102 of the floor display system 100. In the example of
The controller may be coupled to a storage medium 104, which could be any form of medium suitable for storing digital data, including RAM (random access memory), ROM (read-only memory), flash or other non-volatile solid-state electronic storage, EEPROM (electronically erasable and programmable read only memory), or magnetic and/or optical disk storage. The storage medium 104 may store, for example, control software for execution by the controller 103 and video content of choice for display, under the control of the control software, on the electronic display 101. A user interface (not shown), such as a personal computer with a display monitor and keyboard, may be coupled to the controller to enable configuration of the controller with specific user input, such as specific control programs to produce specific displays and/or audio output. An audio device 111, such as a loudspeaker, may further be coupled to the controller 103 via a sound card 110. The audio device 111 may output audio content of choice, stored in the storage medium 104, under the control of the controller 103. Components of the display system 100 may be powered by a power supply 114. The display system may further comprise a sensing device 113 to provide for a variety of interactive applications of the display system, as described in more detail below. The sensing device 113 could be coupled to the controller 103 and provide signals thereto. The connection of the sensing device to the controller could be wired or wireless. The edge displays may draw power from standard power cords. Some displays may draw power from the power connections provided by a shelf, such as an Ethernet connection. The power may come from induction. Alternatively, the displays may have their own power source, such as a battery or the like, and may be totally self-contained.
Data may be stored in the storage medium 104 using, for example, a data port 106 coupled to a common system bus. The bus could be, by way of example only, a USB (Universal Serial Bus). The display system may further comprise a wireless port 107 implemented, for example, using a wireless WAN/LAN card. Through the wireless port 107, the display system 100 may be coupled to and communicate with a network 125. The network could be any kind of network, including a wide area network (WAN) such as the Internet, or a local area network (LAN) including, for example, other display systems. Through the network 125, the display system 100 may be coupled, for example, via a wireless communication device 112, to a server computer 108 of the network. The server computer 108 may be coupled to a database 109. The database 109 may store information relevant to operation of the display system 100. For example, the database may contain video and audio content or control software that is downloadable to the storage medium 104 of the display system. Thus, the display system 100 may be remotely controllable. However, the display system 100 need not be networked, and could be controlled locally by, for example, downloading content and control software locally via data port 106. Also, while wireless communication methods and systems are illustrated in
Display technologies that may be utilized in embodiments of the present invention, in addition to those described earlier, include: liquid crystal displays (LCDs), light-emitting diodes (LEDs), organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), electroluminescent (EL) displays, plasma display panels (PDPs), field emission displays (FEDs) including printable field emitters, ferroelectric displays, polymeric light emitting diodes (PLEDs), light emitting polymers (LEPs), electronic paper, and light-emitting ceramic or other light-emitting inorganic materials. Other display technologies that may be utilized in embodiments include optical fiber technology, where a remote image is formed electronically and transmitted utilizing a light guiding source to fiber arrays or bundles. The remote image light source could be internal or external to the surround or floor covering. Other contemplated display technologies include holographic displays. In this technique, either a white-light or laser hologram may be generated either internally or externally to the surround or floor covering 102, and focused by a lens, possibly a Fresnel lens, to make it visible to persons viewing the display 101 at an acute angle.
In some applications it may be advantageous for the viewer to only see the image from the individual panels directly in front of him. In such applications, certain standard LCD displays having a very shallow viewing angle may work well. That is, by appropriately orienting display panels such as in
According to embodiments, components of the display system 100 as described above could be housed completely internally to the surround or floor covering 102, completely externally to the surround or floor covering 102, or some components could be internal to the surround or floor covering 102, while others are external.
As noted earlier, the display system may include a power supply 114. Power may be supplied to the display system by way of plugging into a power outlet in a wall through a cord, from power connections provided by a shelf such as in a channel of a shelf, or through the use of batteries. The batteries used could be non-rechargeable or rechargeable. The power connections provided in a channel may include individual stations, one continuous station, or the like. Of course, a continuous station would allow greater flexibility in placement of edge displays since edge displays could be placed anywhere along the channel and still receive power. Other possible methods of delivering power to the floor display system include using photoelectric cells that convert ambient light into electricity that can be stored in a battery or used to power the display system directly. The photoelectric cells could be contained, for example, in the surround or floor covering, or remotely connected to the display through a power cord.
As noted above, a wireless connection from a computer and/or network, such as the World Wide Web, could be used to transmit image content to a display system. Wireless connections between a computer or other processor and control electronics of display system could be implemented in many different technologies. One common technology today is wireless Ethernet, where one processor or computer communicates through an RF or infrared (IR) signal to another. However, a wireless communication link can be established through a number of technologies and network protocols.
Wireless links can be ultrasonic, optical lightwave (IR, visible, ultraviolet), lasercomm, radio frequency (RF), teraHertz, microwave, ultrawideband (UWB), inductively coupled, electrostatic or any other form of propagating electromagnetic energy between the transmitter and receiver. In addition to Ethernet, network protocols can be token ring, Bluetooth modem, cellular and PCS connections, or any other type of wireless LAN or WAN. The mode of data transfer can include time division, frequency division, or code division, and can also be multiple access or spread spectrum. One mode of wireless transmission that is well-suited for contemplated applications of display systems is the Ultra-Wide Band (UWB) mode of transmission. Contemplated commercial applications of display systems include use in electronically noisy environments such as, by way of example only: grocery stores, department stores, appliance stores, industrial facilities, restaurants, hotels, airports, apartments and residential housing. Ultra-Wide Band (UWB) transmission works well in these types of environments, among other reasons because when other electronically noisy sources such as machinery, remote door openers, bar-code readers, other RF, TV, low-band transmissions are present, UWB allows high-speed data communications with low power spectral density over a wide spectral range (typically 3-10 gigaHertz). UWB also eliminates small-scale fading for arbitrary antenna position or orientation, which may be very useful for a display positioned on the floor. UWB also is more effective against the deleterious effects of multipath induced fading that is typical of more narrow-band wireless techniques.
Wireless communications may also include other techniques, either known today or in the future, which may be useful in communicating with and controlling a display system. For example, the wireless communications could be compatible with WiFi standards.
As noted above, the electronic display device 101 is capable of displaying at least alphanumeric data and graphic images. The content may include alphanumeric data alone, graphic images (e.g., pictures) alone, or combinations of the two, either static, moving, or both static and moving, in accordance with selected video content. Moving alphanumeric data and images may, for example, be scrolled. The alphanumeric data and graphic images could be black and white or in full color. Also, the content may be displayed in varying degrees of brightness. Further, the display device 101 may include more than one distinct display: that is, the display area of the display device could be partitioned with respect to content. For example, the display area could include two or more different “windows,” each displaying different content. Such a partitioning of displays is well known, for example, in “split-screen” TV and through the widespread use of various graphics software applications, including the ubiquitous “Windows” software by Microsoft®.
Various digital video file formats could be used to generate images on the electronic display device 101, including MPEG (Moving Picture Experts Group), DVD (digital versatile disc) or digital video disc, and Flash. Further, conventional video content used, for example, in network television, could be converted into digital video content for display on an electronic display device 101 according to embodiments. One such converting process involves taking conventional NTSC (National Television Systems Committee) video from a tape, and capturing it on a computer through a video capture card. An example of this type of card is a Targa 2000 RTX board. Once captured, the video may be compressed into a file with a format that can be played by digital equipment. The file could be saved, by way of example only, in MPEG 1, MPEG 2, MPEG 3, or MPEG 4 formats.
Variable Image Orientation
Techniques are known for performing image rotation and/or translation as described above. For example, many currently-available electronic display drivers (such as video graphics adapter card 105) and electronic display devices 101 support image rotation and/or translation with software that is specifically designed for such operations. Based on input signals from the proximity detectors, as noted earlier, a controller 103 could execute decision software to implement, for example, decision trees to decide which of a plurality of viewers is closest to, and to which edge of, the floor display system. The controller could then execute corresponding rotation and/or translation software to rotate and/or translate a displayed image accordingly. It is noted that image rotation and/or translation need not occur in 90-degree increments as shown in
While image rotation and/or translation software is one possibility for implementation, another possibility could be to store images in a plurality of different, fixed orientations, and to select a given image from among the stored images for display depending on a proximity decision. Moreover, proximity might not be the only basis for selecting a particular image orientation; other bases are possible. For example, the image might be configured to cycle through a plurality of different orientations periodically. There could be a default orientation for the image if no viewer is sufficiently near, or if a decision on proximity cannot be reached. Embodiments of the invention could further include a “screen-saver” mode, and either start or stop video output based on the proximity of persons.
Proximity detectors could be implemented in a variety of forms, inducing, for example: ultrasonic detectors, thermal detectors, motion detectors, IR (infrared) range finders, electric eyes, cameras, charge coupled devices (CCDs) or other imaging systems.
It is further noted that, as shown in
Further alternatives according to embodiments of the present invention are illustrated in
More specifically, the proximity detectors 530, 540, 550, 560 could be, for example, mounted in, attached to, or otherwise associated with edges of the surround or floor covering 102. For example, the proximity detectors 530, 540, 550, 560 could respectively be associated with the inclined surfaces 212, 213, 214 and 215 of a floor covering. The proximity detectors could be used to determine an orientation of a given image 520 at a given time, depending on the proximity of viewers. For example, the proximity detectors could be coupled to the controller 103 of the display system and send signals to the controller. Based on information in the signals received from the proximity detectors, it could be determined by the controller that a first viewer 580 is closer to, say, proximity detector 550 than a second viewer 590 is to proximity detector 540. The determination by the controller could be made, for example, by executing a suitable hardware and/or software algorithm. Under the conditions shown in
The proximity detectors may also be used with software, controller, or other similar device to vary brightness based upon the proximity of a person to the display system. For example, when the detectors do not detect objects nearby, then the display may be dim. However, when the detectors detect objects nearby, then the display may brighten. This could be accomplished, for instance, through the use of software. The benefit of varying brightness includes decreasing visual pollution, energy savings, and increasing the life of displays.
Brightness Control
As referred to above, display systems according to embodiments of the present invention may include a display with brightness control. The brightness of the display may be brightened to a dim state or vice versa, for instance, in response to the detection of a person in close proximity to the display. The detection of persons may be accomplished through the use of sensing devices, such as those discussed above. Alternatively, the brightness of the display may be varied in accordance to sound or graphics, such as a visualization. For example, as the volume of the display system increases, the brightness may go down, or vice versa. Other embodiments of using brightness control to attract attention are included in the present invention, such as a regular schedule of varying the brightness of the display. According to embodiments of the present invention, the brightness may be varied by way of software on a computer, a controller, or other similar device.
Data Distribution and Management
It is contemplated that display systems, including floor display systems and edge display systems, according to embodiments of the present invention may be deployed in many types of public buildings, including commercial establishments (e.g., markets, stores). In an individual building, there could be a plurality of floor or edge display systems deployed. The plurality of floor or edge display systems could be used, for example, to announce sales and prices, provide product descriptions, direct customers to specific locations within a commercial establishment, and the like. Thus, it could be advantageous to control floor or edge display systems, individually or in groups, to generate particular video/audio output based on their locations. More specifically, the video/audio content output by a given floor or edge display system could, for example, relate to nearby products, such as products on adjacent shelving. Accordingly, embodiments of present invention relate to configuring floor or edge display systems to generate particular video/audio output, as described below.
Direct-Link Download
Referring to
Local Area Network (LAN) Download
Referring to
Local Area Wireless Download
Referring to
Wide Area Network (WAN) Download
Referring to
Satellite Network Download
As a variation of the WAN download technique described above, satellite network download could be used where the wide area network is provided via satellite constellation. Here, a satellite may broadcast data point-to-multi-point to receivers (e.g., satellite dish receivers) in each establishment containing floor or edge display systems. The data may then be disseminated via LAN, e.g., to respective floor display systems. Satellite systems such as Motorola's Iridium, Hughes' Direct TV, and Boeing Digital Cinema have already demonstrated such capabilities.
Floor Display Linked to Point of Sale (POS) System
A floor display system or edge display system according to embodiments of the invention may be linked to a POS (point of sale) system of an establishment. A POS system may be used to gather information about consumer preferences. Information about the effectiveness of specific advertising content in generating sales could be gathered, for example, by correlating sales of a given item in an establishment with the timing of given content displayed on a floor or edge display system. This could be accomplished, for example, by electronically cross-referencing sales transactions, at the time they occur, with the scheduling of particular advertising for display on a floor or edge display system. To provide this scheduling information to the POS system, the floor display system could be connected directly to computers or servers of the POS system. Alternatively, a server computer of a LAN, for instance, could control the scheduling of content on the various floor or edge display systems of an establishment, and provide the scheduling information to a server of the POS system so that it could be correlated in “real time,” i.e., contemporaneously, with sales transactions. Alternatively, the scheduling information could be correlated with sales records “offline” at a later time.
Interactivity
Embodiments of a floor or edge display system according to the present invention may include interactive features, as discussed below. The examples given below may use floor display systems, however, edge display systems may be substituted for floor display systems with respect to each interactive feature.
Requesting Information
Embodiments of the present invention may include the capabilities of asking consumers for information and recording the requested information. An illustrative example is shown in
The display system 100 and associated interactivity devices may be arranged, for example, in a convenient location in a commercial establishment. The display system 100 could generate requests for information, either visually or audibly, to customers passing by. The display system could generate the requests when the proximity of persons is sensed by sensing device 113. In the requests for information, the display system could, for example, request consumer opinion regarding pricing, product specifications, product preferences, coupons, or any other kind of desired information. The display system could prompt a customer to reply, for example, by speaking into the speech input device 900, by keying in information on the keyboard/keypad 901, by pressing certain fields in a display of the touch-sensitive screen 902, by pressing on specified portions of the display system to register responses via pressure on the pressure sensors 909, or by any combination of these.
The display system 100 could record customer responses in a storage medium such as storage medium 104. When enough responses had been collected, the information could be downloaded and analyzed, for example, by brand marketers to determine customer preferences.
The display system 100 could also be configured to respond, either by visual or audio output, to a request from a person, where the request is made either by speaking or by entering data using any of the interactivity devices described above (e.g., keyboard/keypad 901, touch-sensitive screen 902).
The card reader 903 could be used, for example, to obtain identity information from customers. Such identity information may include, but is not limited to: name, age, history of purchases, frequency of store visits, most commonly purchased items, store credit amount, information pertaining to a store discount, and the like. The identity information could be, for example, magnetically encoded on a card 904 readable by the card reader 903. The card 904 could be, for example, a “smart” card. Smart cards (or electronic cards) are known devices that typically contain an embedded computer chip and are typically the size of a conventional credit or debit card.
The bar code scanner 905 could be used, for example, to enable a customer to scan a coupon 906. In response, the display system could generate a visual and/or audio message concerning the coupon. The message might, for instance, inform the customer that the coupon is still valid, or that it is worth double, or the like. The customer might also be enabled to scan a product at the bar code scanner 905, and receive a coupon in response. A coupon 908 could be printed or otherwise generated, and dispensed by the coupon dispenser 907. The coupon dispenser 907 could include a counter to count how many coupons are dispensed and for what products. This information could be recorded by the display system and used by marketers, for example, to gauge consumer reaction to advertisements, prices, and so on.
As discussed above, embodiments of the display system according to the present invention provide for interactivity with persons in the vicinity of the display system. In particular, sensing device 113 may take on a number of varying forms, each of which enables the detection of phenomena or activities indicating the presence of persons in the vicinity of the floor display system, and causes the display system to perform some corresponding action in response. In one such embodiment, the sensing device 113 is a sound-sensing device. The sound-sensing device 113 may be located within the surround or floor covering 102, or may be located at some distance from the surround or floor covering. The sound-sensing device could be configured to detect an individual as he or she approaches the display system, and to cause a corresponding response to be generated by the display system. For example, the sound-sensing device could be coupled via a wired or wireless connection to the display system, and be configured to send a signal via the connection to the controller 103 to activate the display device 101 upon the detection of sound waves indicating the approach of a person. Upon receiving the signal, controller 103 could cause the display device 101 to generate a predetermined display of any desired content: for example, the displayed content could announce a sale, or advertise a product. The content could relate to products on nearby shelves. The content may have a varied brightness under the control of the controller or software. The display system could also be configured to generate a predetermined audio output of any desired content in response to a signal from the sound-sensing device. In view of the foregoing, the display system may operate in an active mode, i.e., a mode in which the system is actively generating some display and/or audio output, and a dormant or quiescent mode in which it is not actively generating some display and/or audio output. This quiescent mode may be entered when persons are not detected in the vicinity, in order to conserve power. The display system may alternate between the active mode and the quiescent mode accordingly to some programmed schedule, or may enter the active mode in response to some signal as described above. The active and quiescent modes may include differing levels of brightness.
The sound-sensing device could be adjustable to detect only predetermined frequencies of sound, and send an activation signal to the display system in response thereto. More particularly, the sound-sensing device could be either an omni-directional or a directional microphone depending up how noisy the general environment is. An omni-directional microphone has a constant sensitivity regardless of the direction from which sound is coming and, thus, would be effective in a quiet environment to detect someone approaching from any direction. The omni-directional microphone could be implemented as one or more small electret microphones placed within or embedded in the surround or floor covering. While electret microphones are one example, dynamic and condenser microphones could also be used. Commercially available omni-directional microphones include, by way of example only, Audio Technica MT830R, DPA Type 4060, and MMC4041.
In noisy environments, or if there is a particular direction from which the approach of a person is to be detected, a directional microphone may be preferable. A directional microphone is a microphone with a well-defined directional response, and is therefore better able than an omni-directional microphone to filter through sounds coming from a particular direction, while blocking out random environmental noise. Examples of commercially available directional microphones that could be utilized include cardioid microphones, super cardioid microphones, and shotgun microphones. Examples of cardioid microphones include the DPA® Type 4021, the Earthworks® A30X, and the Shure® SM57. Examples of super-cardioid microphones include the Peavey® PVM 480 and the Electrovoice® ND767A. Examples of shotgun microphones include the Beyerdynamic® MCE86 S.1, the Sennheizer® K6 ME-66, and the Shure® SM89. Depending upon how noisy the environment in which the microphone was used, a microphone with greater directional sensitivity might yield better results than a microphone with lesser directional sensitivity. For example, in a very noisy environment, a microphone with high directional sensitivity, such as a super-cardioid or shotgun could be preferable.
In yet another embodiment providing for interactivity, the sensing device 113 may be a motion-detection device. The motion-detection device could be located within the surround or floor covering 102, or may be located at some distance from the surround or floor covering, for example, in or on a ceiling or wall near the display system. The motion-detection device could be configured to detect an individual as he or she approaches the display system and to cause a corresponding response to be generated. For example, the motion-detection device could be coupled via a wired or wireless connection to the display system and be configured to send a signal via the connection to activate the display device 101 upon the detection of motion indicating the approach of a person. The display device 101 could generate some desired display upon activation; the display system could also generate corresponding audio output. The motion detection device could be adjustable, so that it only detects motion that is within a certain area or perimeter around the display. The motion-detection device could also be directionally sensitive, so that, for example, only customers entering an establishment would trigger the motion-detection device and corresponding display. Motion-detection devices that could be used in association with the display include, by way of example only, motion detection devices that utilize IR technology, simple radar, or a light beam.
There are many different ways to implement a motion-detection device 113, including using active motion detection and passive motion detection. Active motion detection systems typically inject energy (e.g., light, microwaves or sound) into the environment, and then detect a change in the energy. For example, it is common for stores to have a device that emits a beam of light that crosses a space near the entry way of the store, and a corresponding photosensor opposite the beam to measure an amount of incident light generated by the beam. When a customer moves across the beam, thus interrupting it, the photosensor detects the change in the amount of incident light and may sound an audible alarm, such as ringing a bell. A detection system of this kind could be used to signal a display system that a person is approaching. Similarly, many grocery stores have automatic door openers that use a very simple form of radar to detect when someone passes near the door. Such systems may use an emitter/receiver device arranged above the door. The emitter portion sends out a burst of microwave radio energy and waits for the reflected energy to bounce back and be detected by the receiver portion. When a person moves into the field of microwave energy, it changes the amount of reflected energy or the time it takes for the reflection to arrive at the receiver portion, and accordingly the emitter/receiver device generates a signal that causes the door to be automatically opened. A similar operation can be performed by using ultrasonic sound waves: i.e., bouncing them off a target and waiting for the echo, and performing some predetermined action based on the echo.
Passive motion detection systems include systems that detect infrared energy to detect motion. Such systems may include sensors known as PIR (Passive InfraRed) sensors or pyroelectric sensors. PIR or pyroelectric sensors may be used, for example, in security systems designed to be sensitive to the temperature of a human being. Humans have a skin temperature of approximately 93 degrees Fahrenheit and radiate infrared energy with a wavelength between 9 and 10 micrometers. Therefore, the sensors are typically sensitive in the range of 8 to 12 micrometers of wavelength. The sensors are typically simple electronic components not unlike photosensors. The infrared energy radiated from a source bumps electrons off a substrate of the PIR or pyroelectric sensors, and these electrons can be detected and amplified into an electrical signal that may be used to activate some predetermined operation. When a person walks by a sensor, the amount of infrared energy in the “field of view” of the sensor changes rapidly and is easily detected. It is the sudden change that is used to detect motion. PIR or pyroelectric sensor could be configured to have a wide or narrow field of view. A wide field of view can be created, for example, by placing a lens over the sensor. A narrow field of view can be achieved by using a sensor without a lens; the field of view can be made even more narrow by placing the sensor in a recess or inside a box or tube that is open in the direction from which motion is desired to be detected. The display system of the present invention could use any of the above system and methods, or combinations thereof, or systems and methods not specifically described herein, to implement a motion-detection device 113.
A display system according to embodiments of the present invention may also be made interactive by detecting the presence or movement of a person based on other events within the physical environment. For example, the display system could be coupled via a wired or wireless connection to a door in an entry way or other door of a commercial establishment or other building. Through the connection, the display system could detect the opening of the door, and activate the display in response.
In still further embodiments providing for interactivity, a display system in a commercial establishment could display information customized to a particular individual. Such embodiments could comprise mechanisms for automatically determining a person's identity. For example, as shown in
An example of an identity device 402 that could be used with the contact-less input device 401 is known as a “contact-less” token or card. Contact-less tokens and cards do not require physical application by a person to a reading device. Contact-less tokens and cards may have an antenna coil and a chip embedded in the token or card and be configured to output information in the form of wireless electromagnetic signals. Identity information on this type of token or card may be obtained when the token or card passes within a predetermined range of a reading device including a receiver and antenna adapted to receive and process signals output by the token or card, such as the contact-less input device 401 illustrated in
Contact-less cards as described above may be in the general category of “smart” cards. Smart cards (or electronic cards) are known devices that typically contain an embedded computer chip and are typically the size of a conventional credit or debit card. The chip typically contains a microprocessor and memory, which may hold an operating system and application data that may be protected by state-of-the-art security features. Such memory can store identity information as well as other kinds of information, such as a store credit amount.
In other embodiments, cards known as microprocessor cards could be used to provide individual identification for purposes of customized displays. Microprocessor cards contain a microprocessor chip that can add, delete, change, and update information. A microprocessor card may further comprise an input/output port, operating system, and hard disk.
Identification cards and tokens need not be read by a contact-less mechanism as described in
Some types of cards that specifically require physical application by a person to a reading device could also be used with a display system of the present invention. Such cards are known as “contact” cards. Contact cards may have, for example, a gold chip embedded in the card. This kind of card requires insertion into a smart card reader and a direct connection with the physical contact points on the card to transmit data. Contact cards are used frequently in banking, communications, health care, and loyalty (such as storing automotive service histories) applications.
Cards known as hybrid/twin cards could also be used to provide identification of a person to a display system. These cards have two chips embedded in them: a contact-less chip and a contact chip. The two chips are typically not connected to each other. Instead, typically one chip serves the consumer needs and the other the card issuer needs. In yet other embodiments, combination cards could be used. These cards are also known as dual-interface cards, and they contain one chip that is designed to support both contact and contact-less readers.
Using technology along the lines described above, further embodiments of the present invention could be configured to track movements of persons in a commercial establishment or other public place. In such embodiments, persons could carry identification cards and/or tokens readable by a contact-less mechanism as described above. A plurality of display systems equipped with contact-less detection mechanisms could be arranged in predetermined locations in the establishment, and track and respond to the movements of persons by detecting the identification cards and/or tokens. The cards and/or tokens could be personalized (i.e., identify an individual) as described above, or could be generic, and, for example, attached to a shopping cart or basket. Information detailing the movements detected by the display systems could be recorded in a database, and used by merchants to, for example, help optimize the layout of a store, help identify where to place impulse-buy items, and the like. Examples of technologies that may be utilized to track persons carrying or otherwise transporting contact-less identification devices include Bluetooth technology, IRDA, RF link, or any other local area network technique to link the display systems.
As is well known, some commercial establishments (e.g., Wal-Mart and Target) and do-it-yourself stores (e.g., Home Depot and Lowes) are very large and contain a vast amount of merchandise. As a result, some individuals shopping in these stores have difficulty finding the item(s) they are looking for. Accordingly, display systems according to embodiments of the present invention may further provide for assisting a person in directing, guiding, and/or finding his or her way around a large commercial establishment and finding desired items.
According to such embodiments, upon entering the store, a shopper could either verbally (for example, by using a microphone or other sound recording device) or physically (for example, using a keyboard, keypad, or touch monitor type device) enter a desired product or list of products into a machine. The machine would then produce a “trip ticket” detectable by a plurality of display systems arranged in predetermined locations throughout the store.
The trip ticket may be a device such as a “smart card” described above, capable of storing information such as the product list entered by the shopper. The information on the trip ticket may be readable via a contact-less technology as discussed in connection with various embodiments described above. Floor display systems distributed throughout the store may be equipped with contact-less technology for reading the trip tickets. As the shopper moves through the store and approaches the various display systems, the systems may detect and read the trip ticket. Upon detecting a trip ticket and reading a product list thereon, a display system may be configured to display the direction the shopper should walk to locate the desired product(s). Alternatively, the trip ticket might not actually store the product list itself. Instead, the product list or other information corresponding to an identifiable trip ticket could be stored in a database accessible by the display system, and retrieved upon detecting and identifying the trip ticket.
In still further embodiments of the present invention, detection of mobile phones may be provided. Accordingly, embodiments of the present invention may include a mobile-phone-detection device, using a configuration as shown in
Embodiments of the present invention as described in the foregoing could find particularly beneficial application in such settings as, for example, the entrances of hospitals, courtrooms, orchestra houses, venues for musicals or plays, movie theatres, or any other place where a ringing phone may be deemed inappropriate.
Another type of mobile-phone-detection device may operate to uniquely identify a mobile phone to serve as a contact-less identification device, such as detecting and/or communicating with a transceiver of a mobile phone. For example, many mobile phones operate Bluetooth transceivers to detect and connect to other proximate Bluetooth devices.
Displaying a Person's Camera Image
Embodiments of the present invention may include an interactivity device implemented as a camera to capture a person's image and cause it to be displayed on a display system. An illustrative example is shown in
Product Identification/Location Feature
In applications of floor and edge display systems according to embodiments of the present invention, a product being promoted on the floor or edge display system may be located in a store among a number of similar products, making the product being promoted difficult to find. An example is shown in
Accordingly, in still further embodiments of the present invention, the floor or edge display may comprise a product identification/location feature. This feature could be very helpful in allowing a consumer to quickly locate a product being promoted on the floor or edge display system. Referring to
A signaling device 1003 for product identification/location according to embodiments of the present invention is further illustrated in
The signaling device 1003 may be coupled by a wired connection 1107 or a wireless connection 1108 to the display system 100 and receive control signals from the controller 103 via the wired connection 1107 or wireless connection 1108. To receive wireless signals, the signaling device could include a transceiver 1106. The signaling device could further include its own logic device 1109, such as a microprocessor, that could be programmed to execute processes independently of the control of the controller 103. For example, the controller 103 might simply send an initiating signal to the signaling device 1003 to cause it to initiate some sequence of light flashes, sounds, or fragrance emissions, or any combination of these, under the control of logic device 1109.
An edge display system according to one embodiment of the present invention may preferably include a signaling device 1003 due to the common proximity of the edge display and signaling device to a product located on a corresponding shelf.
The floor or edge display system could generate a particular display promoting a particular product based on signals generated by an array of sensors 280 arranged in, on, or below the transparent member 240 as described above. Additionally or alternatively, the floor or edge display system could generate a particular display promoting a particular product based on the detection of the proximity of a person to, as opposed to a person actually pressing, stepping, or walking on, the display system. Such detection could be performed by sensing device 113 (see
In some embodiments, a display system could be arranged, for example, in the “raceway” of a commercial establishment. A raceway is a common area at ends of a plurality of aisles (e.g., in a common layout of grocery stores, the raceway is between the checkout counters and the aisle ends). A signaling device or devices could be arranged down the aisles and visible from the raceway to indicate the location of a product being promoted on the display system.
Audio
Embodiments of the present invention may provide for controlling the amount of sound generated by an audio device 111 of a floor display system, in particular, for example, to minimize disturbance to visitors of a commercial establishment or other public building containing a plurality of display systems. To this end, volume and bandwidth of sound output by the audio device may be controlled to limit how far the sound travels. For example, lower frequency sound waves (e.g., less than around 200 to 300 Hz) will travel farther with less attenuation than sound waves at higher frequencies. Thus, embodiments of the invention may comprise control mechanisms, such as controller 103 executing suitable software, for controlling audio output to include frequencies slightly higher than around 200 to 300 Hz, and for controlling amplitude so that the audio output is optimally perceivable by a person within a predetermined range.
It should be understood in view of the above discussion of audio control, and of the earlier discussion of variable image orientation, that embodiments of the present invention may provide for controlling video and/or audio output based on the proximity of persons. More specifically, based on the proximity of persons, a display system according to an embodiment of the present invention could start or stop video or audio output and adjust image orientation and audio output characteristics, either separately or in combination.
Protective Covering
As described above, embodiments of the invention may comprise a sturdy protective cover for the electronic display device. Further implementation details, according to possible embodiments, for such a protective cover are discussed below with reference to
As shown in
Fragrance Technology
Embodiments of the present invention may comprise fragrance technology. For example, a stack of layered sheets with a scent or fragrance trapped between each sheet could be provided in a dispenser used in conjunction with a display system. For example, the stack of layered sheets could be arranged in a dispenser provided on or near the display system, for example on a stand. Alternatively, a layer of transparent scented sheets could be arranged over all or portions of a floor display system, for example on the inclined surfaces of the floor covering. Such a feature may be especially effective in the marketing of soaps, lotions, cosmetics, laundry detergents, fabric softeners, air fresheners and many other products that utilize scent or fragrance as a primary feature.
Referring to
Theft Prevention
Embodiments of the present invention may provide for theft prevention, as discussed below.
Alarm System
A display system according to embodiments may comprise an alarm system configured to be activated if the display system is moved without authorization. Referring to
Electrical Pulse
A display system according to alternative embodiments may comprise an alarm system including a device able to detect whether the display system is moved, as described above. However, alternatively or in addition to generating an alarm, the alarm system may be configured to emit an electrical pulse if the display system is moved without authorization. Accordingly, referring to
Security
A display system according to other embodiments of the present invention could be used for security applications. Known security technology that is used in commercial establishments to prevent theft includes “Electronic Article Surveillance” technology to monitor the entrances/exits of an establishment. This technology involves using antennas that are placed on either side of a door opening. The antennas are coupled to other components of article surveillance technology. One antenna may act as a transmitter, and another as a receiver. A recognition device, which may comprise a tuned circuit including an inductor and capacitor, soft magnetic strips or wires, or vibrating resonators, may trigger detection by disturbing the transmission between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna when passing between them. Each protected item in the store may be tagged with a recognition device that can be detected by the antennas placed on either side of the store entrance/exit. The article surveillance technology recognizes protected items when they pass through the antennas, sounding an alarm to alert sales personnel of possible attempted theft.
Electronic article surveillance (EAS) technology as described in the foregoing could be incorporated into a display system according to embodiments of the present invention. In one configuration, a floor covering 102 according to the present invention could include antennas arranged along edges of the floor covering, to detect protected items tagged with recognition devices. The antennas could be coupled to other components of article surveillance technology, to enable protected items to be recognized. In order to detect possible theft of the protected items, a floor covering or plurality of floor coverings containing such antennas may be arranged on the floor near the entrance(s)/exit(s) to a store. Thus, as a person walks over a floor covering in an effort to exit the store with a protected item tagged with a recognition device, the recognition device may pass between or near the two antennas and therefore be sensed and recognized by the article surveillance technology. Upon detection of a protected item, a display system could be caused to display a visible alert or sound an audible alert. An electronic article surveillance system utilizing a display system according to embodiments of the invention could also be used, for example, with a third antenna. The third antenna could be the transmit antenna of the EAS device, while one or more antennas in the floor covering, for example, could be the receiver antenna(s). Alternatively the third antenna could be an additional receiver antenna, where the floor cover includes both a receiver and transmitter antenna. The third antenna could be arranged over the floor covering, for example, in or suspended from the ceiling. In embodiments, the floor covering may include only a single antenna that may cooperate with an overhead antenna.
Construction and Assembly
Sections of surfacing material 1750, such as carpet or rubber, may be placed over structure 1730, to form inclined surfaces 212, 213, 214, 215. A plate of tempered glass including support ribs 1770 may be used as a protective covering 1200 for the electronic display device 101. Components of the display system may be held together, for example, with adhesive, epoxy or mechanical fasteners. A plurality of separable protective sheets 1301 may be placed over the tempered glass 1200. The protective sheets 1301 may include anti-slip features 1300.1.
While not shown, an audio device 110 could be included in the above-described assembly. The audio device could be formed, for example, from thin profile speakers or piezoelectric speakers.
Heat generated by electronics of the display system could be managed by potting compounds known for such purposes. The electronics could, for example, be potted and bonded to a thin metal plate that would act as a heat sink.
Embodiments of the present invention may further comprise waterproofing elements, to prevent moisture from damaging electronic components. Such waterproofing elements could include, for example, potting compounds used as sealants in interstices which could admit damaging moisture. For example, a potting compound could be used in spaces between the electronic display device and the floor covering to block out moisture. A water-resistant substance such as silicone could also be used for such a purpose. Further, for example, a water-resistant seal could be formed between a protective cover of the electronic display device and other surfaces of the display system. A sealant such as silicone could be used to form the water-resistant seal.
Track-and-Trench System
Embodiments of the present invention may include a display system implemented as a “track-and-trench” system. The track-and-trench system may be configured to support the deployment of one or more electronic display devices.
As shown in
Advantages of embodiments including a track-and-trench system as described above include a shared power and data supply via a track may enable relatively economical implementations.
Graphics and Modifying the Display
Graphics may be modified, and thus customized, by an individual after the display system has been purchased by the owner. The owner may customize the display system at their home or office and, thus, a graphic that may be appropriate for a particular situation may be modified by the individual for display in another situation. For example, the graphic may display a message stating “Happy Halloween” for Halloween and may be modified to display “Happy Holidays” during the winter holiday season. Thus, as can be understood, the graphics are modifiable by a user and thus, may be customized for the particular desires of a particular user.
As stated above, the present invention is not limited to any particular form for graphics. The graphics can be customized by a user to include any of a variety of different colors, pictures, messages, or other representations that the user may want to display. In addition, the visible intensity of a color(s) can be modified. For example, a color that glows at night could be included in graphics for an occasion such as Halloween.
Any of a variety of different types of structures or methods may be practiced in the present invention for modifying graphics of a display system and the present invention is not limited to any particular methodology or structure for modifying graphics. Additionally, all of the various embodiments contemplated for providing a modifiable graphic display in the display system of the present invention can be incorporated in either, or both, of the base portion or the insert portion. For example, the graphics may consist of pre-formed messages or art forms which may be adhered to either the surface which defines the bottom of recess 210, such as by using an adhesive, magnet, or fastener assembly, e.g., a hook and loop assembly, or to the underside of insert portion 300 such that, when insert portion 300 is placed within base portion 200, the graphics would be visible through a transparent insert portion.
Alternatively, a variety of different graphics may be stored within a display system such that a user is able to selectively uncover a particular graphic for display while the other available graphics remain covered. This type of selectability is known in other mediums where selectivity between a variety of different graphics within a common display panel is desired. For example, advertising bulletin boards at sporting events are able to selectively display a first particular message during a first particular period of time and display a second message during a second period of time on the same bulletin board.
A third possible alternative is to provide a modifiable display surface. The display surface can be associated with either the base portion or the insert portion, e.g., on either the bottom surface of recess 210 or a panel attached to the bottom of insert portion 300. A display could be included on the front of the display system, on the back of the display system such that it is viewable through a transparent portion of the display system, embedded in the display system, attached to the display system, or integrally formed in the display system. For example, the display could be comprised of a small, thin box of graphics that could attach to a base portion or any other component part of the display system. However it is associated with the display system, a user may design and display their customized graphic and may subsequently modify that graphic such that it is replaced with another graphic.
It is also contemplated that a modifiable electronic display surface could be provided, such as, for example, a liquid crystal display panel. The display panel could be connected to a computer 250 and a computer generated image could be displayed on the display panel. The connection between the display panel and the computer 250 could be a wired connection 251 or a wireless connection as illustrated by electromagnetic wave 252. Thus, the image displayed on the display panel could be modified by generating a different computer image and displaying that computer image on the display panel. The display panel could be associated with base portion 200, such as included within recess 210, or could be included on a bottom surface, facing upward, of insert portion 300. Alternatively, the display panel could be integrally formed with either of the base portion or the insert portion. The modifiable display could utilize a plurality of different graphics that scroll across the display, either individually or in combination.
Other alternatives for modifying graphics include using light emitting polymers to create, and thus change, graphics. The light emitting polymers can be either applied to, attached to, or woven into the display system. The light emitting polymers may be utilized on any portion of a display system, for example, on either the base portion or the insert portion, or on any other portion of the different embodiments for the display system. Light emitting polymers are known and described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,945,502, 5,869,350, and 5,571,626, which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
Other options for a display panel are to use electronic ink or electric paper. Electric paper is available from Xerox and is described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,723,204, 5,604,027, 4,126,854, and 4,143,103, which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. Electric paper employs thousands of tiny, electrically charged beads, called Gyricon, each about the width of a human hair, to create pixels. The two-tone beads are embedded inside a liquid-filled plastic sheeting that forms the surface of the paper. Each bead, half-black, half-white, gyrates in response to an electric field. Whether the beads are black- or white-side up determines the image. Because there's no need to refresh the image, and because the screen isn't backlit, electric paper uses only a fraction of the power used by conventional electronic displays. Electromagnetic styluses and printer-like devices can be used for getting images onto the paper.
Electronic ink is available from E Ink Corp., at 45 Spinelli Pl., Cambridge, Mass. 02138. Electronic ink uses a microencapsulated micromechanical display system. Tiny microcapsules are captured between two sheets of plastic to create pixels. Alternatively, the capsules may be sprayed on a surface. The result is a flexible display material. The tiny capsules are transparent and contain a mixture of dark ink and white paint chips. An electric charge is passed through the capsules. Depending on the electrostatic charge, the paint chips float at the top or rest on the bottom of each capsule. When the paint chips float at the top, the surface appears white. When they rest at the bottom, and thus under the ink, the surface appears black. Each of the two states is stable: black or white. A transparent electromagnetic grid laid over the sheet's surface controls the shape of the image. The display may be wirelessly connected to, for example, a computer 250 and thus, to a network 255 such as the World Wide Web by utilizing, for example, a Motorola paging system 258. The connection between the network 255 and computer 250 could be a wired connection 256 or a wireless connection as illustrated by electromagnetic wave 257 from computer 250 to paging system 258 and electromagnetic wave 259 from paging system 258 to network 255. Text on all displays, if multiple displays are used, can be changed at once by a single editor, through a Web page.
Again, a display panel, which could utilize any of the methods discussed above for modifying the display panel, could be associated with any portion of a display system, such as base portion 200 within recess 210 or on a bottom surface, facing upward, of insert portion 300. Alternatively, the display panel could be integrally formed with either of the base portion or the insert portion.
Many modifications and other embodiments of the inventions set forth herein will come to mind to one skilled in the art to which these inventions pertain having the benefit of the teachings presented in the foregoing descriptions and the associated drawings. Therefore, it is to be understood that the inventions are not to be limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and that modifications and other embodiments are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims. Although specific terms are employed herein, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation.
This application claims the benefit under 35 U.S.C. 119(e) of Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/912,124 filed Apr. 16, 2007, which is hereby incorporated herein in its entirety by reference. This application is a continuation-in-part of commonly owned co-pending application Ser. No. 11/928,264, filed Oct. 30, 2007, which is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 11/769,418, filed Jun. 27, 2007, which is a continuation of application Ser. No. 11/735,908, filed Apr. 16, 2007. This application is also continuation-in-part of commonly owned co-pending application Ser. No. 11/735,908, filed Apr. 16, 2007, which is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 11/316,928, filed Dec. 27, 2005, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 10/454,631, filed Jun. 5, 2003, and issued as U.S. Pat. No. 7,009,523 on Mar. 7, 2006, which claims the benefit under 35 U.S.C. 119(e) of Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/385,579, filed Jun. 5, 2002, and which is a continuation-in-part of co-pending application Ser. No. 10/438,923, filed May 16, 2003, and issued as U.S. Pat. No. 6,982,649 on Jan. 3, 2006, which claims the benefit under 35 U.S.C. 119(e) of Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/378,070, filed May 16, 2002, and which is a continuation-in-part of co-pending application Ser. No. 10/285,639, filed Nov. 1, 2002, and issued as U.S. Pat. No. 6,873,266 on Mar. 29, 2005, which is a continuation of application Ser. No. 10/137,357, filed May 3, 2002, and issued as U.S. Pat. No. 6,507,285 on Jan. 14, 2003, which is a continuation of application Ser. No. 09/767,846, filed Jan. 24, 2001, and issued as U.S. Pat. No. 6,417,778 on Jul. 9, 2002, which is a continuation of application Ser. No. 09/418,752, filed Oct. 15, 1999, and now abandoned, which is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 09/304,051, filed May 4, 1999, and issued as U.S. Pat. No. 6,219,876 on Apr. 24, 2001. This application is also a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 10/804,090, filed Mar. 19, 2004, and now abandoned, which claims the benefit under 35 USC 119(e) of Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/457,115, filed Mar. 21, 2003 and of Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/460,353 filed Apr. 3, 2003, and which is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 10/682,435, filed Oct. 10, 2003, and issued as U.S. Pat. No. 6,917,301 on Jul. 12, 2005, which claims the benefit under 35 U.S.C. 119(e) of Provisional Applications identified as follows: Ser. No. 60/418,626, filed Oct. 12, 2002; Ser. No. 60/428,387, filed Nov. 21, 2002; and Ser. No. 60/429,044, filed Nov. 22, 2003; and which is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 10/438,923, previously identified. This application is also a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 10/759,167, filed Jan. 20, 2004, and issued as U.S. Pat. No. 7,205,903 on Apr. 17, 2007, which claims the benefit under 35 U.S.C. 119(e) of Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/441,408, filed Jan. 22, 2003, and which is a continuation-in-part of co-pending application Ser. No. 10/682,435, previously identified. This application is also a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 11/199,130, filed Aug. 9, 2005, and issued as U.S. Pat. No. 7,358,861 on Apr. 15, 2008, which claims the benefit under 35 U.S.C. 119(e) of Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/599,878, filed Aug. 10, 2004, and which is a continuation-in-part of co-pending application Ser. No. 11/002,276, filed Dec. 3, 2004, and issued as U.S. Pat. No. 7,145,469 on Dec. 5, 2006, which claims the benefit under 35 U.S.C. 119(e) of Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/526,271, filed Dec. 3, 2003, and which is a continuation-in-part of co-pending application Ser. No. 10/454,631, previously identified. application Ser. No. 11/298,668, filed Dec. 12, 2005, and application Ser. No. 11/368,472, filed Mar. 7, 2006 are fully incorporated herein by reference, as well as all other above-identified applications.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 60912124 | Apr 2007 | US | |
| 60385579 | Jun 2002 | US | |
| 60378070 | May 2002 | US | |
| 60457115 | Mar 2003 | US | |
| 60460353 | Apr 2003 | US | |
| 60418626 | Oct 2002 | US | |
| 60428387 | Nov 2002 | US | |
| 60429044 | Nov 2002 | US | |
| 60441408 | Jan 2003 | US | |
| 60599878 | Aug 2004 | US | |
| 60526271 | Dec 2003 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 11928264 | Oct 2007 | US |
| Child | 12104191 | US | |
| Parent | 10454631 | Jun 2003 | US |
| Child | 11316928 | US | |
| Parent | 10137357 | May 2002 | US |
| Child | 10285639 | US | |
| Parent | 09767846 | Jan 2001 | US |
| Child | 10137357 | US | |
| Parent | 09418752 | Oct 1999 | US |
| Child | 09767846 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 11769418 | Jun 2007 | US |
| Child | 11928264 | US | |
| Parent | 11735908 | Apr 2007 | US |
| Child | 11769418 | US | |
| Parent | 11735908 | Apr 2007 | US |
| Child | 11735908 | US | |
| Parent | 11316928 | Dec 2005 | US |
| Child | 11735908 | US | |
| Parent | 10438923 | May 2003 | US |
| Child | 10454631 | US | |
| Parent | 10285639 | Nov 2002 | US |
| Child | 10438923 | US | |
| Parent | 09304051 | May 1999 | US |
| Child | 09418752 | US | |
| Parent | 10804090 | Mar 2004 | US |
| Child | 09304051 | US | |
| Parent | 10682435 | Oct 2003 | US |
| Child | 10804090 | US | |
| Parent | 10438923 | May 2003 | US |
| Child | 10682435 | US | |
| Parent | 10759167 | Jan 2004 | US |
| Child | 10438923 | US | |
| Parent | 10682435 | Oct 2003 | US |
| Child | 10759167 | US | |
| Parent | 11199130 | Aug 2005 | US |
| Child | 10682435 | US | |
| Parent | 11002276 | Dec 2004 | US |
| Child | 11199130 | US | |
| Parent | 10454631 | Jun 2003 | US |
| Child | 11002276 | US |
