Patent Application
20220403856
The present invention relates to an ejector that generates a negative pressure by allowing pressure air to pass therethrough and a vacuum generating device that includes the ejector.
As disclosed in, for example, FIG. 7 of PTL 1, this type of ejector is incorporated in a vacuum generating device, such as a vacuum suction device. A vacuum suction device described in PTL 1 includes a switching valve, a vacuum generator, a suction pad, and so forth. A spool is slidably accommodated in the switching valve, and compressed air is supplied to the ejector in response to movement of the spool. In addition, the switching valve is connected to an air-supply pipe that allows compressed air discharged from a compressor or the like to flow therethrough and a supply pipe through which compressed air is supplied to the ejector.
The ejector includes a nozzle unit that ejects compressed air and a diffuser unit that mixes air which is drawn in concomitantly with the ejection of the compressed air from the nozzle unit with the compressed air and then discharges the mixed air, and the ejector is connected to the supply pipe and a vacuum pipe that is connected to the suction pad. When the pressure in the vacuum pipe becomes a negative pressure, the pressure in the suction pad also becomes a negative pressure, so that a workpiece can be sucked in and held on an end surface of the suction pad, the end surface being located on an opening side of the suction pad.
PTL 1: Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 6-264900
In the vacuum suction apparatus described in PTL 1, however, the ejector and the switching valve are provided separately from each other, and thus, the installation space for installing both the ejector and the switching valve are large. In addition, the ejector and the switching valve need to be installed individually and connected by a pipe, which in turn increases the workload, so that an increase in the time and effort cannot be avoided.
Accordingly, it is a technical object of the present invention to provide an ejector capable of suppressing an increase in an installation space for a switching valve, the ejector, and a pipe when the switching valve, the pipe, and the like are connected to the ejector and an increase in the time and effort for the installation and a vacuum generating device that includes the ejector.
In order to solve the above problem, an ejector according to the present invention is an ejector that generates a negative pressure under an action of compressed air and includes an ejector body in which an internal passage is formed and a negative-pressure generating mechanism including a nozzle unit that is connected to the internal passage and that ejects compressed air and a diffuser unit that generates a negative pressure by using compressed air ejected by the nozzle unit and that discharges the compressed air to outside. The ejector body has a first attachment surface to which a valve body that serves as a body of a switching valve is fixedly attached and a second attachment surface to which a base body that serves as a body of the manifold base is fixedly attached. An inflow port for supplying compressed air to the negative-pressure generating mechanism by being connected to an output port that is formed in the valve body of the switching valve is formed in the first attachment surface of the ejector body, and the inflow port communicates with the nozzle unit through a positive-pressure supply passage that is included in the internal passage in the ejector body. A negative-pressure supply port for outputting a negative pressure, which is generated in the negative-pressure generating mechanism, to outside by being connected to a negative-pressure inflow port that is formed in the base body of the manifold base is formed in the second attachment surface of the ejector body, and the negative-pressure supply port communicates with the diffuser unit through a negative-pressure communication passage that is included in the internal passage in the ejector body.
In this case, it is preferable that an ejector-side air-supply port for supplying compressed air to the switching valve by being connected to a switching-valve-side air-supply inflow port that is formed in the valve body of the switching valve be formed in the first attachment surface and that an air supply inflow port for causing compressed air to flow into by being connected to an air-supply port that is formed in the base body of the manifold base is formed in the second attachment surface. It is preferable that the ejector-side air supply port and the air-supply inflow port communicate with each other through an air-supply communication passage that is included in the internal passage in the ejector body.
In addition, it is preferable that the inflow port of the first attachment surface include a first inflow port and a second inflow port that are respectively connected to a first output port and a second output port that are formed in the valve body of the switching valve and that one of the first inflow port and the second inflow port communicate with the nozzle unit through the internal passage. It is preferable that another one of the first inflow port and the second inflow port communicate with the negative-pressure supply port through the internal passage.
In addition, it is preferable that the negative-pressure supply port include a first negative-pressure supply port and a second negative-pressure supply port for supplying a negative pressure by being respectively connected to a first negative-pressure inflow port and a second negative-pressure inflow port that are formed in the base body of the manifold base and that the first negative-pressure supply port and the second negative-pressure supply port communicate with the diffuser unit through the negative-pressure communication passage included in the internal passage. It is preferable that the other one of the first inflow port and the second inflow port communicates with the negative-pressure communication passage through an inflow communication passage that is included in the internal passage.
In addition, it is preferable that a throttle unit for controlling a flow rate of air that flows toward the negative-pressure supply port be disposed in the inflow communication passage. It is further preferable that a check valve that allows a flow of air from the negative-pressure communication passage toward the diffuser unit and limits a flow of air from the diffuser unit toward the negative-pressure communication passage be disposed in the negative-pressure communication passage. It is further preferable that a discharge port for discharging compressed air discharged by the diffuser unit is disposed downstream from the diffuser unit.
A vacuum generating device according to the present invention is a vacuum generating device including the ejector, the manifold base attached to the second attachment surface of the ejector, and the switching valve attached to the first attachment surface of the ejector. The switching valve includes the valve body having a valve hole that is formed in such a manner as to extend from a first end side to a second end side in an axial direction and a plurality of ports that are formed in such a manner as to communicate with the valve hole, a spool that is accommodated in the valve hole of the valve body in such a manner as to be capable of freely sliding in the axial direction, a first driving unit and a second driving unit that are arranged at two ends of the spool in the axial direction and that move the spool to a second-end-side switching position on the second end side in the axial direction and move the spool to a first-end-side switching position on the first end side in the axial direction, and a spool moving mechanism unit that selectively moves the spool to a first-intermediate switching position and a second-intermediate switching position that are located between the first-end-side switching position and the second-end-side switching position and that are different from each other. The plurality of ports includes the first output port connected to the first inflow port of the ejector, the second output port connected to the second inflow port of the ejector, and the switching-valve-side air-supply inflow port to which compressed air is supplied by being connected to the ejector-side air-supply port formed in the first attachment surface of the ejector. The spool moving mechanism unit moves the spool that has moved to the first-end-side switching position to the first-intermediate switching position when the spool is released from being pressed by the second driving unit and moves the spool that has moved to the second-intermediate switching position to the second-intermediate switching position when the spool is released from being pressed by the first driving unit. The first-intermediate switching position is in a communication state in which one of the first output port and the second output port that is in communication with the nozzle unit communicates with the switching-valve-side air-supply inflow port and in which the other ports are closed and do not communicate with each other. The second-intermediate switching position is in a non-communication state in which all the plurality of ports are closed and do not communicate with each other.
In this case, the spool includes a spring seat shaft that is coaxial with the spool. The spool moving mechanism unit includes a first spring seat and a second spring seat that are respectively arranged on a first end side and a second end side of the spring seat shaft in the axial direction in such a manner as to be freely movable in the axial direction and includes a compression spring that is provided between the first spring seat and the second spring seat. The spring seat shaft includes a pair of contact portions arranged at the two ends of the spring seat shaft in the axial direction such that the first and second spring seats are brought into contact with the contact portions, and the compression spring is disposed so as to be compressed when the first and second spring seats are in contact with the pair of contact portions. A pair of stopper portions with which the first and second spring seats are brought into contact are provided at two sides of the valve hole of the valve body in the axial direction with the spool moving mechanism unit interposed between the stopper portions. When a length between the pair of contact portions in the axial direction is X, a length between the pair of stopper portions in the axial direction is Y, a stroke length of the spool by the first driving unit is S1, and a stroke length of the spool by the second driving unit is S2, relationships of X<Y and Y−X<S1, S2 are satisfied.
In addition, it is preferable that the valve hole have a spring accommodating chamber that extends in the axial direction and in which the spool moving mechanism unit is accommodated and that the spring accommodating chamber have a pair of end walls that are formed at two ends of the spring accommodating chamber in the axial direction and each of which extends outward in a radial direction. It is preferable that one of the pair of end walls include the stopper portion with which the first spring seat is brought into contact and that another one of the pair of end walls include the stopper portion with which the second spring seat is brought into contact. Furthermore, it is preferable that the pair of contact portions include a first step portion that projects outward in the radial direction from the first end of the spring seat shaft in the axial direction and that is capable of coming into contact with the first spring seat and a second step portion that projects outward in the radial direction from the second end of the spring seat shaft in the axial direction and that is capable of coming into contact with the second spring seat, and it is preferable that the spool be switched to the first-intermediate switching position in a state where the first spring seat is in contact with the end wall on a first side of the spring accommodating chamber in the axial direction and the first step portion and where the second spring seat is in contact with the second spring seat and be switched to the second-intermediate switching position in a state where the second spring seat is in contact with the end wall on a second side of the spring accommodating chamber in the axial direction and the second spring seat and where the first spring seat is in contact with the first step portion.
As described above, according to the present invention, an ejector that is capable of suppressing an increase in an installation space for a switching valve, the ejector, and a pipe when the switching valve, the pipe, and so forth are connected to the ejector and an increase in the time and effort for the installation and a vacuum generating device that includes the ejector can be provided.
An ejector according to the present invention and a vacuum generating device according to the present invention that includes the ejector will be described below. Note that, in the present embodiment, the ejector forms part of the vacuum generating device, and thus, the ejector will be described in the description of the vacuum generating device.
As illustrated in
In an upper portion of the base body 18, the first discharge hole 12, the air-supply hole 11, and the second discharge hole 13 are formed in this order from the rear side to the front side in such a manner as to be spaced apart from one another, and all the first discharge hole 12, the air-supply hole 11, and the second discharge hole 13 extend between the two side surfaces of the base body 18. The air-supply hole 11 communicates with the supply port 92a of a corresponding one of the port blocks 92 (see
The first discharge hole 12 communicates with a first discharge branch passage 12a that branches off therefrom so as to extend upward, and the second discharge hole 13 communicates with a second discharge branch passage 13a that branches off therefrom so as to extend upward. An upper end portion of the first discharge branch passage 12a is open at a position further toward the rear side than the position at which the first negative-pressure passage 16 is open to the upper end surface 18a (hereinafter referred to as a “first discharge inflow port 12b”) (see
The upper end surface 18a of the base body 18 is formed in a planar rectangular shape extending in the longitudinal direction and is brought into contact with and fixedly attached to a second attachment surface 20b of the ejector 20, which will be described later.
One of the switching valves 40 will now be described. As illustrated in
The five ports EA, A, P, B, and EB are the switching-valve-side air-supply inflow port P that is positioned in the middle among these five ports in the L-axis direction, a first output port A (an output port) that is positioned on one side of the switching-valve-side air-supply inflow port P, a second output port B (an output port) that is positioned on the other side of the switching-valve-side air-supply inflow port P, a first discharge port EA that is positioned so as to be closer to the first piston cover 43 than the first output port A is, and a second discharge port EB that is positioned so as to be closer to the second piston cover 47 than the second output port B is.
A valve hole 48 having a circular cross section extends through the main body 42 and the spring cover 46 in the L-axis direction and communicate with the five ports EA, A, P, B, and EB. A spool 50 is inserted in the valve hole 48 in such a manner as to be capable of freely sliding in the L-axis direction of the valve hole 48. The spool 50 is formed so as to have a length that is slightly shorter than that of the valve hole 48 in the L-axis direction, and a first piston 51 and a second piston 52 are respectively accommodated in a piston chamber 43a and a piston chamber 47a in such a manner as to be capable of freely sliding and are arranged so as to come into and out of contact with first and second ends of the spool 50 in the L-axis direction, respectively.
The first piston 51 and the second piston 52 switch the spool 50 between a second-end-side switching position P2 illustrated in
The pilot valve unit 44 includes a first pilot valve 44a and a second pilot valve 44b. In the present embodiment, the first pilot valve 44a and the second pilot valve 44b are arranged so as to be located further toward the rear side than the first piston cover 43, and in the vertical direction, which is perpendicular to the L-axis direction, the first pilot valve 44a and the second pilot valve 44b are positioned on the upper side and the lower side, respectively.
The first pilot valve 44a is connected to the first pilot chamber 43b via a first pilot output passage 44c, and the second pilot valve 44b is connected to the second pilot chamber 47b via a second pilot output passage 44d. Both the pilot valves 44a and 44b are connected to the switching-valve-side air-supply inflow port P via a pilot supply passage 42a. The first and second pilot output passages 44c and 44d and the pilot supply passage 42a are formed in the valve body 41.
In addition, a rear surface chamber 43c that faces the rear surface of the first piston 51 and a rear surface chamber 47c that faces the rear surface of the second piston 52 are open to the atmosphere through an open path 49.
As illustrated in
Packing members 64 are fitted to outer sliding surfaces of the airtight portions 53 and 63 and outer sliding surfaces of the land portions 55, 57, 59, and 61 in their radial direction, and these packing members 64 open and close passages each of which is formed between adjacent ones of the ports EA, A, P, B, and EB. An annular first step portion 63a that extends outward in the radial direction is formed at the front end of the second airtight portion 63.
As illustrated in
In addition, as illustrated in
At the second end of the spool 50 in the L-axis direction (hereinafter referred to as the “front end”), as illustrated in
In the spring cover 46, a spring accommodating chamber 69 is formed so as to extend in the L-axis direction and so as to surround the first spring seat 66a, the second spring seat 66b, and the compression spring 67. The spring accommodating chamber 69 has a circular cross section and has a diameter larger than the inner diameter of the valve hole 48, and the spring accommodating chamber 69 extends forward from the rear end of the spring cover 46. An annular end wall 69a is formed at the rear end of the spring accommodating chamber 69 in such a manner as to extend from the inner side toward the outer side in the radial direction, and an annular end wall 69b is formed at the front end of the spring accommodating chamber 69 in such a manner as to extend from the inner side toward the outer side in the radial direction.
As illustrated in
In the present embodiment, in a state where the first spring seat 66a is in contact with the first step portion 63a of the second airtight portion 63 and the end wall 69a on the rear side of the spring accommodating chamber 69 and where the second spring seat 66b is in contact with the second step portion 68a of the to-be-pressed portion 68 and the end wall 69b on the front side of the spring accommodating chamber 69, the spool 50 moves to a neutral switching position Ps. When the spool 50 is switched to the neutral switching position Ps, the switching valve 40 is brought into a non-communication state in which all the ports EA, A, P, B, and EB are closed.
In addition, as illustrated in
A lower end surface 42b to which the five ports EA, A, P, B, and EB are open is formed at the lower end of the main body 42 of the switching valve 40. The lower end surface 42b is formed in a planar rectangular shape extending in the longitudinal direction. The lower end surface 42b is positioned so as to face a first attachment surface 20a of the corresponding ejector 20, which will be described later, and fixedly attached to the first attachment surface 20a.
One of the ejectors 20 will now be described. As illustrated in
The first attachment surface 20a is formed at the upper end of the ejector body 21 so as to have a planar shape extending in the longitudinal direction, and in the present embodiment, the first attachment surface 20a is formed in a rectangular shape extending in the longitudinal direction. In contrast, the second attachment surface 20b is formed at the lower end of the ejector body 21 so as to have a planar shape extending in the longitudinal direction, and in the present embodiment, the second attachment surface 20b is formed in a rectangular shape extending in the longitudinal direction. The first attachment surface 20a and the second attachment surface 20b extend parallel to each other.
The ejector body 21 has a negative-pressure generating mechanism 22 that generates a negative pressure under the action of a compressed air, a discharge port 26 that discharges the compressed air that has passed through the negative-pressure generating mechanism 22, and the internal passage 27 that is formed in the ejector 20 and that allows communication between the corresponding manifold base 10 and the corresponding switching valve 40.
The negative-pressure generating mechanism 22 is detachably disposed on the front side in the ejector body 21, and the discharge port 26 that discharges the compressed air discharged from a diffuser unit 24 is provided at the front end portion of the ejector body 21. The negative pressure generated by the ejector 20 is supplied to a vacuum device (not illustrated) through the first and second negative-pressure passages 16 and 17 and the first and second negative-pressure ports 14 and 15 of the manifold base 10.
The negative-pressure generating mechanism 22 includes a nozzle unit 23 and the diffuser unit 24. The nozzle unit 23 extends in the longitudinal direction (the L-axis direction) and ejects the compressed air supplied thereto. The diffuser unit 24 is disposed downstream from the nozzle unit 23 so as to be coaxial with the nozzle unit 23, and the diffuser unit 24 mixes air which is drawn in concomitantly with the ejection of the compressed air from the nozzle unit 23 with the compressed air and then discharges the mixed air. A supply passage 28 (a positive-pressure supply passage) is connected to the rear end portion of the nozzle unit 23, and the supply passage 28 extends rearward from the nozzle unit 23 and is curved upward so as to be open to the first attachment surface 20a of the ejector 20 (hereinafter referred to as a “first inflow port 28a”), so that the supply passage 28 guides the compressed air to an entrance to the nozzle unit 23. The nozzle unit 23 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and the inner diameter of an intermediate portion of the nozzle unit 23 in the longitudinal direction is reduced. The diffuser unit 24 is positioned on the downstream side (the front side) of the nozzle unit 23.
The diffuser unit 24 is formed in a cylindrical shape that extends in the longitudinal direction and that is longer than the nozzle unit 23. The nozzle unit 23 and the diffuser unit 24 are arranged with a predetermined gap 25 formed therebetween. The discharge port 26 is positioned on the downstream side (the front side) of the diffuser unit 24 and configured to discharge discharged air outward in the radial direction.
The gap 25 between the nozzle unit 23 and the diffuser unit 24 communicates with a communication space 25a that is formed below the nozzle unit 23, and the communication space 25a communicates with a negative-pressure communication passage 29 that is formed in a lower portion of the ejector 20. In the present embodiment, the negative-pressure communication passage 29 extends in the longitudinal direction and has two negative-pressure communication branch passages, which are a first negative-pressure communication branch passage 29a and a second negative-pressure communication branch passage 29b and each of which branches off from an intermediate portion of the negative-pressure communication passage 29 in the longitudinal direction. An end of the first negative-pressure communication branch passage 29a is open to the second attachment surface 20b of the ejector 20 (hereinafter referred to as a “first negative-pressure supply port 29c”), and an end of the second negative-pressure communication branch passage 29b is open at a position further toward the front side than the end of the first negative-pressure supply port 29c in the second attachment surface 20b (hereinafter referred to as a “second negative-pressure supply port 29d”). The first negative-pressure communication branch passage 29a communicates with the first negative-pressure passage 16 through the first negative-pressure inflow port 16a of the corresponding manifold base 10, and the second negative-pressure communication branch passage 29b communicates with the second negative-pressure passage 17 through the second negative-pressure inflow port 17a of the manifold base 10.
In the ejector body 21, an air-supply communication passage 30 that communicates with the air-supply passage 11a of the corresponding manifold base 10 is formed. In the present embodiment, the air-supply communication passage 30 extends in the vertical direction in the ejector body 21, and the lower end of the air-supply communication passage 30 is open to the second attachment surface 20b of the ejector 20 (hereinafter referred to as an “air-supply inflow port 30a”). The air-supply inflow port 30a is located between the first negative-pressure supply port 29c in the first negative-pressure communication branch passage 29a and the second negative-pressure supply port 29d in the second negative-pressure communication branch passage 29b.
In contrast, the upper end of the air-supply communication passage 30 is open at a position further toward the front side than the opening at the upper end of the supply passage 28 (the first inflow port 28a) (hereinafter referred to as an “ejector-side air-supply port 30b”). In other words, the air-supply inflow port 30a and the ejector-side air-supply port 30b communicate with each other through the air-supply communication passage 30.
A first discharge communication passage 31 is formed at a position further toward the rear side than the supply passage 28 and the first negative-pressure communication branch passage 29a so as to extend in the vertical direction. The lower end of the first discharge communication passage 31 is open to the second attachment surface 20b of the ejector 20 (hereinafter referred to as a “first discharge outflow port 31a”) and communicates with the first discharge branch passage 12a through the first discharge inflow port 12b of the corresponding manifold base 10. The upper end of the first discharge communication passage 31 is open to the first attachment surface 20a of the ejector 20 (hereinafter referred to as a “first discharge inflow port 31b”) and is connected to the first discharge port EA of the corresponding switching valve 40.
A second inflow communication passage 32 is provided at a position further toward the front side than the air-supply communication passage 30. The upper end of the second inflow communication passage 32 is open to the first attachment surface 20a of the ejector 20 (hereinafter referred to as a “second inflow port 32a”). In addition, the lower end of the second inflow communication passage 32 communicates with the negative-pressure communication passage 29.
In addition, a second discharge communication passage 33 is provided at a position further toward the front side than the second inflow communication passage 32. The upper end of the second discharge communication passage 33 is open to the first attachment surface 20a of the ejector 20 (hereinafter referred to as a “second discharge inflow port 33a”), and the lower end of the second discharge communication passage 33 is open to the second attachment surface 20b of the ejector 20 (hereinafter referred to as a “second outflow port 33b”). In the present embodiment, one side of the second discharge communication passage 33 that is closer to the corresponding switching valve 40 is closed above the supply passage 28 of the ejector 20, and the other side of the second discharge communication passage 33 that is closer to the corresponding manifold base 10 is closed below the negative-pressure communication passage 29 of the ejector 20. In other words, the second discharge communication passage 33 is in a non-communication state in which it is closed at a position partway therealong.
In other words, in the ejector body 21, the internal passage 27 that includes the first discharge communication passage 31, the supply passage 28, the negative-pressure communication passage 29, the air-supply communication passage 30, the second inflow communication passage 32, and the second discharge communication passage 33 is formed.
In addition, the first discharge inflow port 31b, the first inflow port 28a, the ejector-side air-supply port 30b, the second inflow port 32a, and the second discharge inflow port 33a are formed in the first attachment surface 20a of the ejector 20. The first attachment surface 20a is formed in a planar shape extending in the longitudinal direction, and when the lower end surface 42b of the corresponding switching valve 40 is disposed on the first attachment surface 20a so as to face the first attachment surface 20a, these ports 31b, 28a, 30b, 32a, and 33a are connected to their respective ports EA, A, P, B, and EB of the switching valve 40.
In contrast, the first discharge outflow port 31a, the first negative-pressure supply port 29c, the air-supply inflow port 30a, the second negative-pressure supply port 29d, and the second outflow port 33b are formed in the second attachment surface 20b of the ejector 20 in this order from the rear side to the front side. The second attachment surface 20b is formed in a planar shape extending in the longitudinal direction, and when the upper end surface 18a of the corresponding manifold base 10 is disposed on the second attachment surface 20b so as to face the second attachment surface 20b, these ports 31a, 29c, 30a, 29d, and 33b are connected to their respective ports 12b, 16a, 11b, 17a, and 13b of the manifold base 10.
As described above, according to the ejector 20 of the present embodiment, an upper end portion of the ejector 20 has the first attachment surface 20a to which the corresponding switching valve 40 is fixedly attached, and a lower end portion of the ejector 20 has the second attachment surface 20b to which the corresponding manifold base 10 is fixedly attached. The internal passage 27 that communicates with the switching valve 40, the manifold base 10, and the negative-pressure generating mechanism 22, which is disposed in the ejector 20, is formed in the ejector 20. Thus, manufacture of the corresponding vacuum generating device 1 is completed by only mounting the switching valve 40 and the manifold base 10 onto the first attachment surface 20a and the second attachment surface 20b of the ejector 20, respectively. Therefore, the ejector 20 that is capable of suppressing an increase in an installation space for the switching valve 40, the ejector 20, the manifold base 10, and a pipe compared with the case where the switching valve 40 or the manifold base 10 is connected to the ejector 20 via a pipe or the like and capable of suppressing an increase in the time and effort for the connecting operation and the vacuum generating device 1 that includes the ejector 20 can be provided.
As illustrated in
In addition, as illustrated in
In contrast, as illustrated in
In the above-described vacuum generating devices 1 of the first embodiment, the second inflow communication passage 32 of the ejector 20 communicates with the first and second negative-pressure passages 16 and 17 of the manifold base 10 through the negative-pressure communication passage 29, and thus, compressed air can be supplied to the vacuum device through the first and second negative-pressure passages 16 and 17. However, the flow rate of the compressed air cannot be adjusted. Accordingly, the flow rate of the compressed air that is supplied to the vacuum device may be adjustable (a first modification).
In this case, as illustrated in
The needle valve 72 is formed in a cylindrical shape extending in the longitudinal direction, and an end portion (a rear portion) of the needle valve 72 in the axial direction of the needle valve 72 is formed in a conical shape. The rear portion of the needle valve 72 is inserted in the opening of the orifice 71 such that the needle valve 72 is movable in the longitudinal direction with respect to the orifice 71. Thus, by adjusting the position of the rear portion of the needle valve 72 with respect to the orifice 71, the opening area of the orifice 71 changes, and the flow rate of the compressed air that flows through the second inflow communication passage 32 can be adjusted.
In this modification, a hole 35 that extends in the longitudinal direction is formed at the front side of the ejector 20, and a rear end portion of the hole 35 and a front end portion of the hole 35 are respectively open to the second inflow communication passage 32 and the front surface of the ejector 20. The needle valve 72 is accommodated in the hole 35 so as to be movable in the longitudinal direction. The needle valve 72 includes an external thread portion 72a that is formed on the outer peripheral surface a front portion of the needle valve 72, and an internal thread portion (not illustrated) into which the external thread portion 72a is screwed is formed in an upper front portion of the ejector 20. In addition, a knob 73 is provided at a front end portion of the needle valve 72, and by rotating the knob 73, the needle valve 72 is moved in the L-axis direction with respect to the ejector 20, and the flow rate of the compressed air that flows through the second inflow communication passage 32 can be adjusted.
A check valve 74 that allows the flow of air from the negative-pressure communication passage 29 toward the communication space 25a and limits the flow of the air in the opposite direction, that is, the flow of the air from the communication space 25a toward the negative-pressure communication passage 29 may be provided at a connection position where the negative-pressure communication passage 29 and the communication space 25a are connected to each other (a second modification). By providing the check valve 74, the flow of the air from the outside into the negative-pressure communication passage 29 through the diffuser unit 24 can be limited, and thus, an increase in the flow rate of the air that flows from the negative-pressure communication passage 29 into the first and second negative-pressure passages 16 and 17 of the manifold base 10 can be prevented.
A pressure sensor 75 for measuring the pressure of compressed air may be provided in the second negative-pressure port 15 of the manifold base 10 (a third modification).
In this case, a state in which a workpiece is sucked in and held on a vacuum pad (a vacuum device) can be confirmed on the basis of a value (a vacuum pressure value) that is detected by the pressure sensor 75. More specifically, when the vacuum device sucks in a workpiece and the vacuum pressure value reaches a predetermined value, control for switching to an ejector non-operating state (all the passages are not in communication) is performed, and the workpiece can be held. In addition, during the period when the ejector is not operating, a decrease in the vacuum pressure due to air leakage between a workpiece and the pad can be monitored by the pressure sensor, and control for reactivating the ejector when the vacuum pressure value exceeds a threshold can be performed. By repeating these controls, the amount of air used by activation of the ejector can be reduced while preventing the workpiece from falling. In the third modification, although a case has been described in which the pressure sensor 75 is inserted into the second negative-pressure port 15 and in which the vacuum device is connected to the first negative-pressure port 14, the pressure sensor 75 may be inserted into the first negative-pressure port 14, and the vacuum device may be connected to the second negative-pressure port 15.
A second embodiment of the vacuum generating device 1 according to the present invention will now be described. Differences between the second embodiment and the above-described first embodiment will be mainly described. Components of the second embodiment that are the same as those of the first embodiment will be denoted by the same reference signs, and descriptions thereof will be omitted.
As illustrated in
As illustrated in
The length Y in the axial direction between the end walls 69a and 69b that are located on the two sides of the spring accommodating chamber 69 in the L-axis direction (hereinafter referred to as the “length Y between the pair of end walls”) is longer than the length X in the L-axis direction between the first step portion 63a and the second step portion 68a that are located on the two sides of the spring seat shaft 65 in the axial direction (hereinafter referred to as the “length X between the pair of step portions”) (see
Here, the distance travelled by the spool 50 in the L-axis direction, that is, the stroke length of the spool 50 will be described. In the present embodiment, the first-end-side switching position P1 illustrated in
Thus, when the spool 50 that has moved to the second-end-side switching position P2 illustrated in
In the switching valve 40′ that is configured as described above and that can be switched to four positions, as illustrated in
In addition, as illustrated in
As described above, in a state where the pilot air pressure is not applied to either the first piston 51 or the second piston 52, as illustrated in
As illustrated in
As illustrated in
As illustrated in
Thus, in a state where the spool 50 has been switched to the first-end-side switching position P1 (see
In a state where the spool 50 has been switched to the first intermediate switching position P3, when the second pilot valve 44b is switched on, the spool 50 is switched to the first-end-side switching position P1 as illustrated in
As illustrated in
In a state where the spool 50 has been switched to the second-end-side switching position P2, when the first pilot valve 44a is switched off, the spool 50 is switched to the second intermediate switching position P4 as illustrated in
As described above, according to the ejector 20 of the present embodiment, manufacture of the vacuum generating device 1 is completed by only attaching the switching valve 40′ to the first attachment surface 20a of the ejector 20 and attaching the manifold base 10 to the second attachment surface 20b of the ejector 20. Thus, the ejector 20 that is capable of suppressing an increase in an installation space for the switching valve 40′, the ejector 20, the manifold base 10, and pipes for connecting them and capable of suppressing an increase in the time and effort for the connecting operation and the vacuum generating device 1 that includes the ejector 20 can be provided.
A third embodiment of the vacuum generating device 1 according to the present invention will now be described with reference to
As illustrated in
In the spool 50 of the present embodiment, the gap between the second land portion 57 and the third land portion 59 in the axial direction is narrower than that in the spool 50 of the first embodiment. In addition, the second inflow communication passage 32 is closed at a position in front of the supply passage 28 and is not in communication with the negative-pressure communication passage 29. In contrast, the second discharge communication passage 33 extends through the ejector body 21 in the vertical direction and communicates with the second discharge branch passage 13a of the manifold base 10.
When the first pilot valve 44a is switched on, the spool 50 is switched to the second-end-side switching position P2 as illustrated in
In contrast, when the first pilot valve 44a is switched off, the spool 50 is switched to the first-end-side switching position P1 as illustrated in
Note that, when compressed air is introduced through the air-supply hole 11, although the compressed air flows into the second inflow communication passage 32 through the switching-valve-side air-supply inflow port P and the second output port B of the switching valve 40″, since the second inflow communication passage 32 is not in communication with the negative-pressure communication passage 29, the compressed air does not flow into the first and second negative-pressure passages 16 and 17 of the manifold base 10. Thus, the vacuum in the vacuum device will not be broken by the compressed air (a positive pressure will not be supplied).
As described above, according to the ejector 20 of the present embodiment, manufacture of the vacuum generating device 1 is completed by only attaching the switching valve 40″ to the first attachment surface 20a of the ejector 20 and attaching the manifold base 10 to the second attachment surface 20b of the ejector 20. Thus, the ejector 20 that is capable of suppressing an increase in an installation space for the switching valve 40″, the ejector 20, the manifold base 10, and pipes for connecting them and capable of suppressing an increase in the time and effort for the connecting operation and the vacuum generating device 1 that includes the ejector 20 can be provided.
Although the normally-closed two-position switching valve 40″ has been described above, the switching valve 40″ may be a normally-open switching valve (a fourth modification). As illustrated in
When the spool 50 is switched to the first-end-side switching position P1, the switching valve 40″ is brought into the first communication state in which the switching-valve-side air-supply inflow port P and the first output port A respectively communicate with the second output port B and the first discharge port EA and in which the second discharge port EB is closed. When the spool 50 is switched to the second-end-side switching position P2, as illustrated in
The supply passage 28 of the ejector 20 is in communication with the second output port B of the switching valve 40″. In addition, the first inflow communication passage 77 of the ejector 20 communicates with the first output port A of the switching valve 40″ and is closed at a position in front of the negative-pressure communication passage 29.
Accordingly, when the spool 50 is switched to the second-end-side switching position P2 by switching on the first pilot valve 44a, the flow of the compressed air introduced through the air-supply hole 11 is blocked in the first inflow communication passage 77, and the compressed air will not flow into the first and second negative-pressure passages 16 and 17 of the ejector 20. In contrast, the negative-pressure communication passage 29 is in communication with the atmosphere through the communication space 25a, the diffuser unit 24, and the discharge port 26, and thus, the atmosphere passes through them and is supplied to the vacuum device. Therefore, the vacuum in the vacuum device can be broken by the atmospheric pressure (the atmospheric pressure can be supplied).
In contrast, when the first pilot valve 44a is switched off, the spool 50 is switched to the first-end-side switching position P1 as illustrated in
Note that, in each of the above-described embodiments, although a case has been described in which the first attachment surface 20a and the second attachment surface 20b of the ejector 20 are respectively formed at the upper end and the lower end of the ejector body 21 so as to extend parallel to each other, the present invention is not limited to this case. The first attachment surface 20a and the second attachment surface 20b may be respectively formed at the upper end and the lower end of the ejector body 21 so as to extend in directions in which the first attachment surface 20a and the second attachment surface 20b cross each other.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2021-101784 | Jun 2021 | JP | national |
