Patent Application
20180334303
Endless elastic loops commonly called rubber bands are well known for bundling items together. Such rubber bands are typically provided in a package in which many rubber bands are jumbled together. Because of their configuration, the bands often tangle with each other into a mass from which it can be difficult to separate a single band for use. When using rubber bands in an industrial setting, such as a packaging operation in which the bands are used for bundling or closing items in an industrial process, manual handling of rubber bands can take more time than desired because of the inherent difficulty described above.
In one aspect, an article includes a panel of elastic material including an elastic strip and a plurality of elastic bands. The elastic strip has opposed first and second longitudinal edges. The plurality of elastic bands are rupturably connected to the first edge of the elastic strip, each of the bands configured as a loop surrounding a first aperture.
In another aspect, a method for obtaining an individual elastic band from an article is described. The article includes a panel of elastic material including an elastic strip and a plurality of elastic bands. The elastic strip has opposed first and second longitudinal edges. The plurality of elastic bands are rupturably connected to the first edge of the elastic strip, each of the bands configured as a loop surrounding a first aperture. The method includes pulling the individual band from the elastic strip to rupture a connection between the individual band and the elastic strip.
This disclosure, in its various combinations, either in apparatus or method form, may also be characterized by the following listing of items:
an elastic strip having opposed first and second longitudinal edges; and
a plurality of elastic bands rupturably connected to the first edge of the elastic strip, each of the bands configured as a loop surrounding a first aperture.
an elastic strip having opposed first and second longitudinal edges; and
a plurality of elastic bands rupturably connected to the first edge of the elastic strip, each of the bands configured as a loop surrounding a first aperture;
the method including pulling the individual band from the elastic strip to rupture a connection between the individual band and the elastic strip.
This summary is provided to introduce concepts in simplified form that are further described below in the Detailed Description. This summary is not intended to identify key features or essential features of the disclosed or claimed subject matter and is not intended to describe each disclosed embodiment or every implementation of the disclosed or claimed subject matter. Specifically, features disclosed herein with respect to one embodiment may be equally applicable to another. Further, this summary is not intended to be used as an aid in determining the scope of the claimed subject matter. Many other novel advantages, features, and relationships will become apparent as this description proceeds. The figures and the description that follow more particularly exemplify illustrative embodiments.
The disclosed subject matter will be further explained with reference to the attached figures, wherein like structure or system elements are referred to by like reference numerals throughout the several views. It is contemplated that all descriptions are applicable to like and analogous structures throughout the several embodiments.
While the above-identified figures set forth one or more embodiments of the disclosed subject matter, other embodiments are also contemplated, as noted in the disclosure. In all cases, this disclosure presents the disclosed subject matter by way of representation and not limitation. It should be understood that numerous other modifications and embodiments can be devised by those skilled in the art that fall within the scope of the principles of this disclosure.
The figures may not be drawn to scale. In particular, some features may be enlarged relative to other features for clarity. Moreover, where terms such as above, below, over, under, top, bottom, side, right, left, etc., are used, it is to be understood that they are used only for ease of understanding the description. It is contemplated that structures may be oriented otherwise.
As shown in
In an exemplary method of manufacture, the contour of outer perimeter cut 30 of each elastic band 18 results in the formation of substantially triangular-shaped elastic portions 54 as part of elastic strip 24. Such elastic portions 54 may lend support to upper ends of the adjacent elastic bands 18. Excess elastomer material (i.e., “weed”) resulting from the cutting of aperture 28 is preferably removed. Excess elastomer material near the bottom ends of elastic bands 18 and between adjacent elastic bands 18 (similar in configuration to elastic portions 54) can also be removed. Preferably, such removed weed material is not discarded but rather is recycled and is used as additional elastomer material for manufacturing elastic panel 16. Moreover, aperture 28 may have a very narrow width (e.g., slit-like), so that very little weed is removed.
As shown in
As shown in
Bond zone 32 is formed where header 14 overlies and overlaps elastic panel 16. As shown in
As shown in
The thickness of header 14 is great enough to give some body effect but ideally will not be greater than necessary to have the requisite strength for suspension by attachment mechanisms 20 and retention of elastic panel 16 during use without tearing. Header 14 may also carry appropriate indicia 50 to describe or identify a manufacturer of elastic band package 70a, 70b, instructions for use, or other relevant information or images. Indicia 50 may include informational or decorative matter to be printed, embossed, or otherwise provided on header 14 or elastic panel 16. While illustrated as substantially rectangular, header 14 can be provided by creative cutting of its outer perimeter to provide desired shapes and forms. Moreover, an enhanced visual presentation of an elastic band 18 can also be provided by creative cutting of outer perimeter cut 30 and aperture 28 to provide desired shapes and forms.
Header 14 in an exemplary embodiment is in the form of a strip of sheet material, including sheet material with holes or perforations therethrough (for example, apertures 20 or perforations or scoring to facilitate folding at package side edges 52). A suitable sheet material for header 14 is preferably relatively thin, generally not over about 15 mils (0.015 inch or 0.38 mm) or about 20 mils (0.020 inch or 0.51 mm) in thickness. However, thicknesses up to about 30 mils (0.030 inch or 0.76 mm) or about 40 mils (0.040 inch or 1.02 mm) can be used. The material should be flexible and pliable but is most preferably inextensible (e.g., not stretchable and not elastic) for most applications. For purposes of this disclosure, an elastic material is one that has an initial dimension in a relaxed state; the dimension increases under tension, such as by stretching; moreover, upon release of the tension force, the dimension returns to, or nearly to, the initial unstretched dimension. In an exemplary embodiment, the material for header 14 is sufficiently non-elastic and non-stretchy under hand-applied forces. For example, the sheet material for header 14 can have sufficient dimensional stability to carry a reliably scannable (i.e., non-distorted) print of a UPC code as well as other human-readable or machine-readable markings.
In an exemplary embodiment, the sheet material for header 14 is sufficiently water resistant to not disintegrate and not significantly pucker, wrinkle, or otherwise disfigure or deform when placed in water. Moreover, in an exemplary embodiment, inks or other printing media used for indicia 50 are sufficiently water resistant to avoid disintegration or destruction when repeatedly subjected to water and washing operations (as is common for produce displays in supermarkets). The sheet material for header 14 also should be somewhat tough in the sense of being sufficiently tear resistant to deter damage to it during handling.
Suitable materials for forming the header 14 include paper, polystyrenic thermoplastics, polyolefinic thermoplastics, polyesters, and others. Exemplary suitable thermoplastic materials include polymers of styrene, ethylene, propylene, as well as a variety of other monomers and mixtures of monomers (e.g., to make co-polymers and ter-polymers, etc.). Sheet thickness for polyester plastics and some others can be quite thin, even down to the 3 mil (0.08 mm) or 4 mil (0.10 mm) range, and still exhibit the toughness and the practical non-elasticity desired.
The polymers may be formulated so that printing inks are readily accepted on the surface of the sheet material. Polymers can also be treated with special surface treatments to enhance acceptance of printing inks. The exact structure and composition of suitable sheet materials for header 14 can vary widely. Any of a variety of commercially available inks compatible with or accepted on header 14 and retained thereon, and in any desired color, may be used to print indicia 50. In a case where it is desirable to use a water-soluble ink, a thin film of water-insoluble plastic may be applied over the ink to enhance water resistance of the printed markings.
To increase impact resistance of header 14, a styrene-butadiene-styrene impact modifier can be useful in amounts up to about 40 percent of the weight of a polystyrene material. Headers 14 of such material are highly stable against stretching. They have desired flexibility balanced by a slight stiffness that contributes to ease of handling during manufacture and use. Such headers 14 also can be reliably printed, especially when first subjected to a surface treatment such as, for example, a corona treatment such as available from Pillar Technologies of Hartland, Wisconsin, a division of Illinois Tool Works. The treatment enhances wettability and adhesion characteristics of inks and adhesives on plastic substrates.
In an exemplary embodiment, elastic panel 16 generally has a layer thickness that is greater than the thickness of the header 14 by at least about 20 percent up to about four or five or six times the thickness of the header 14 (as for example where a header 14 having a thickness of only about 6 mils (0.15 mm) to about 8 mils (0.20 mm) is employed). In an exemplary embodiment, a thickness of elastic panel 16 is greater than about twice the thickness of header 14, but usually will not exceed about 30 mils (0.76 mm) or about 35 mils (0.89 mm) when the header 14 thickness lies in what is expected to be the popular range of about 5 mils (0.13 mm) to about 10 mils (0.25 mm). It is conceivable, of course, to form band sheet assembly 12 with a header thickness and elastic panel thickness approximately equal (especially where one employs fusion bonding for the bond zone 32 between the header material and the elastic material). It is also conceivable to use elastic layer thicknesses up to but not usually greater than about 100 mils (2.54 mm).
Referring to
In use, package 70 may be mounted by attachment features 20 to retention mechanism 22, or by other features or fasteners to a convenient location in a packaging facility, for example. A user can then use one hand to tug gently at an individual elastic band 18 to rupture the joints 26 holding that band to the strip 24 and the rest of package 70. Thus, an individual band 18 is easily removed for use without requiring a user to untangle a single band from a mass of tangled bands. After all the bands 18 of a package 70 have been removed, the headers 14 with attached elastic strips 24 can be removed from retention mechanism 22 and a new package 70 mounted thereon for use. While a particular embodiment of a retention mechanism 22 is illustrated, it is contemplated that package 70 can be suspended from, or otherwise attached to, any of a variety of holders including those located in a packaging facility or even on the person of a user such as on a utility belt, for example.
Upon breaking an individual elastic band 18 from elastic band package 70, elastic band 18 in an exemplary embodiment has sufficient elastic strength to permit stretching of its loop having an inner circumference defined by aperture 28 to at least three times the size of the relaxed, unstretched inner circumference without fracture of the elastic material. The relaxed, unstretched inner circumference will vary depending on the size of the opening desired for the loop. The relaxed unstretched inner circumference typically ranges from about 1.5 inches (38.1 mm) up to about 10 inches (254 mm) but is not limited to this typical range. In this disclosure, the term “circumference” is loosely used to refer to a perimeter of a closed shape and thus is applicable for describing an edge of an oval, elliptical or other closed polygon or shape (whether symmetrical or asymmetrical) that may or may not be circular.
A width dimension D of elastic band 18 between aperture 28 and outer perimeter cut 30 is adequate to provide requisite strength for the elastic band 18 as it is placed about a product or bundle of products, such as produce that is sold in clumps or groups, for example (not shown). As shown in
In an exemplary embodiment, materials for forming the elastic panel 16 are rubber-like in character. The material desirably recovers from a stretched condition relatively quickly; however, instantaneous retraction or recovery to an original relaxed condition and dimension after stretching is not always critical for functional elastic performance. Substantially instantaneous retraction to a loop inner circumference dimension (defined by aperture 28) no greater than 5 percent above the original unstretched loop inner circumference dimension suffices for a multitude of uses. A substantially instantaneous loop retraction is accomplished when, after having been momentarily stretched to a predetermined extent, it takes no more than 3 seconds for the loop to retract (i.e., recover) to an inner circumference size no more than 5 percent greater than the inner circumference of the original unstretched loop. A momentarily stretched condition is one in which the stretch is not held for more than 3 seconds, and the predetermined extent of the stretch is three times (or more) the inner circumference of the loop in unstretched relaxed condition. There may be occasions where retraction may take possibly up to about 10 seconds and still may constitute sufficiently quick retraction to be useful as elastic material for the purposes of this disclosure. Those skilled in the art of elastic performance features are capable of selecting materials such as elastomers possessing the elastic stretch and retraction characteristics desired for a particular use.
In selecting materials such as elastomers for elastic panel 16, substantially instantaneous retraction is most preferred for rapid bundling of products; slower retraction may allow some product to fall out of the bundle before retraction takes place. On the other hand, a modestly slower retraction may be quite adequate where elastic band 18 is to be stretched about a single product under conditions where speed of retraction (bounce back) is reliable but not the dominant consideration.
Particularly suitable elastomers are those that are thermoplastic in that they at least soften in response to heat, or even melt, to a flowable or moldable state. A multitude of thermoplastic elastomers are known and more are being created. A suitable family of thermoplastic elastomers includes styrenic block co-polymers. This family includes styrene-butadiene styrene and styrene-ethylene-butylene styrene. Another family of useful thermoplastic elastomers include olefinic elastomers, including those that are ethylene based as well as those that are polypropylene based (e.g., where interposed different monomer blocks are not used but blocks of different tacticity—atactic and isotactic—are created by using metallocene catalysis polymerization). Yet another family of thermoplastic elastomers include polyvinyl chloride-based elastomers. Still other families of thermoplastic elastomers can be based on urethanes, nylon, and silicon, for example.
Selection of an elastomer material may take into account factors such as cost and bonding compatibility with a material of header 14. Generally, similar materials tend to bond together (as by polymer bonding) better than dissimilar materials; and materials of like polarity usually bond better than materials of unlike polarity. Thus, header material selection can be made from polymers in the same family as the elastomer, such as those including at least some monomers related to, or the same as those present in, the elastomer chosen for the elastic panel 16. Surface treatments such as corona treatments also help to improve bonding. Still further, compatibilizers that adjust the polarity of material can be used to improve bonding. Additional information is described in U.S. Pat. No. 8,635,795 to Ludlow et al., which is hereby incorporated by reference. A common practice in handling polymeric materials for header 14 and elastic panel 16 is to add compatible (i.e., readily blendable) ingredients to achieve desired properties such as coloration, opacification, resistance to degradation on exposure to environmental conditions, improved impact properties and adhesion properties, for example.
In an exemplary embodiment, elastic panel 16 is substantially uniform in composition throughout its extent. On the other hand, header 14 may be a laminate of different layers, including a possible protective coating over a printed layer, especially a printed layer that is believed to need further protection against smudging or destruction.
Heat welding as by applying heat and pressure on overlapping thermoplastic polymeric materials forming header 14 and elastic panel 16 can be useful to form the bond at bond zone 32. Significant heat at the interface 33 of overlapping thermoplastic polymeric materials can also result in complete fusion between the polymer of header 14 and the polymer of the elastic panel 16. Sonic welding is another way to unify the layers and achieve a cohesive bond between compatible parts. Laminating a molten elastomer to a molten (or at least softened) header material by co-extrusion is another way of forming bond zone 32. This method can be particularly effective where molecules or parts of molecules of the header polymer and the molten elastomer substrate material at the bond zone 32 interdiffuse with each other. Bonds can also be formed by interposing an intermediate layer at the bond zone 32 (e.g., a hot melt bonding adhesive) to which both the header material and the elastic panel material will readily bond because of their compatibility to the intermediate material. Still further, treatment of the surface areas where bonding is to be accomplished can be effective. Even mechanical bonding can be effective, as where the header material is porous (e.g., paper and the porous polymer product called “Teslin”), and the elastomeric layer is applied in molten condition or at least in a softened condition and pressed into the voids or interstices of the porous header layer. Any useful bonding technique and structure that joins the header 14 with the elastic panel 16 in a manner forming a unifying flat bond zone 32 that can withstand delamination in expected use is suitable.
In an exemplary embodiment, elastic band sheet assembly 12 has a high-impact polystyrene header 14 and an elastic panel 16 formed using a styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) block co-polymer available from GLS Corporation under the tradename “Kraton D-2104.” This co-polymer has several beneficial features such as high clarity, good dimensional stability, food contact acceptability, relatively high strength, low viscosity, ease of coloring, and high elongation. To improve its adhesion to a styrenic header 14, an optional addition of up to 10 percent by weight of polystyrene (based on the weight of the elastomer in the composition) may be blended in the elastomer composition for elastic panel 16. The composition can easily be colored, as for example by using polystyrene base color concentrates from Clariant (of Minneapolis, Minn.) or by using polyethylene base color concentrates from Ampacet (of Tarrytown, N.Y.) at concentrations of up to about 5 percent or more of the weight of the base styrene-butadiene-styrene block co-polymer.
Those skilled in the art will recognize that any suitable process for the manufacture of the new labeling articles of the invention can be employed. Batch processing is useful for limited production runs. Conveyor processing with indexing from station to station for specific operations can be useful, especially for uniquely designed or shaped headers or elastic substrates. An in-line web-based process is especially suitable for manufacturing a web of multiple elastic sheets 12 from the standpoint of economy. Moreover, while elastic band package 70a is shown in
In an exemplary embodiment, panel 16 of elastic material includes elastic strip 24 having opposed first and second longitudinal edges. The first longitudinal edge of elastic strip 24 is defined by the top portion of outer perimeter cuts 30. The second longitudinal edge 64 of elastic strip 24 is positioned at the top of the illustrated embodiments. A plurality of elastic bands 18 are rupturably connected to the first edge 26 of the elastic strip 24, each of the bands 18 configured as a loop surrounding a first aperture 28.
Overlapping portions of strip 24 of package 70c can be attached to each other, such as by the use of adhesive, mechanical fasteners such as clamps and rivets, or other attachment mechanisms. In an exemplary embodiment, an adhesive layer 38 is optionally disposed on a portion of a surface of elastic panel 16, such as a rear surface thereof, to allow attachment of overlaid portions of strips 24 (of separate elastic panels 16 or a continuous, folded elastic panel 16) to each other to form package 70c. Many adhesives are suitable, such as known pressure-sensitive adhesives. Moreover, an exemplary embodiment of elastic panel 16 includes a release liner 40 disposed over the adhesive layer 38 to optionally protect the adhesive layer 38 from fouling and contamination prior to use.
Those skilled in the art will readily recognize that the teachings of this disclosure may be embodied in specific forms other than those illustrated without departing from the essential described characteristics. The illustrated embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and all variations that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced thereby.
Although the subject of this disclosure has been described with reference to several embodiments, workers skilled in the art will recognize that changes may be made in form and detail without departing from the scope of the disclosure. In addition, any feature disclosed with respect to one embodiment may be incorporated in another embodiment, and vice-versa.
This application claims the benefit of priority from U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/509,327, filed May 22, 2017; this priority application is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 62509327 | May 2017 | US |
