Claims
- 1. An electric device comprising:
a bipolar electrode separating a first cell from a second cell, wherein at least one of the first and second cells comprises an acid electrolyte in which a first element and a second element form a redox couple; wherein oxidation of the first element and reduction of the second element provide a current; and wherein the bipolar electrode comprises a glassy carbon or a Magneli phase titanium suboxide.
- 2. The electric device of claim 1 wherein the acid electrolyte comprises an organic acid.
- 3. The electric device of claim 1 wherein the acid electrolyte comprises methane sulfonic acid or nitric acid.
- 4. The electric device of claim 3 wherein the first element is zinc.
- 5. The electric device of claim 4 wherein the second element is cerium.
- 6. The electric device of claim 1 wherein the second element is a lanthanide.
- 7. The electric device of claim 1 wherein the bipolar electrode comprises a glassy carbon that is at least partially embedded into a conductive polymer.
- 8. The electric device of claim 1 wherein the bipolar electrode comprises a Magneli phase titanium suboxide that is at least partially embedded into a conductive polymer.
- 9. The electric device of claim 1 wherein the Magneli phase titanium suboxide further comprises platinum or niobium.
- 10. A secondary battery comprising a plurality of cells in which in an acid electrolyte a lanthanide and zinc form a redox couple that provide current of the battery, and in which at least two of the plurality of cells are separated by a bipolar electrode that comprises a glassy carbon or a Magneli phase titanium suboxide.
- 11. The secondary battery of clam 10 wherein the lanthanide is cerium.
- 12. The secondary battery of clam 11 wherein the acid electrolyte comprises methane sulfonic acid or nitric acid.
- 13. The electric device of claim 1 wherein the bipolar electrode comprises a glassy carbon that is at least partially embedded into a conductive polymer.
- 14. The electric device of claim 1 wherein the bipolar electrode comprises a Magneli phase titanium suboxide that is at least partially embedded into a conductive polymer.
- 15. The electric device of claim 1 wherein the Magneli phase titanium suboxide further comprises platinum or niobium.
Parent Case Info
[0001] This application claims the benefit of U.S. provisional application No. with the Ser. No. 60/357,678, filed Feb. 12, 2002, and incorporated herein by reference.
Provisional Applications (1)
|
Number |
Date |
Country |
|
60357678 |
Feb 2002 |
US |