Patent Application
20180190440
The present invention relates to an electric double layer capacitor and a manufacturing method therefor.
Conventionally, capacitors are widely used in various electronic devices such as mobile phones. Electric double layer capacitors (EDLC) are a known type of capacitor. Electric double layer capacitors have no chemical reaction upon charging and discharging, unlike secondary batteries, and thus have advantages such as having a long product life and being able to charge/discharge a large current in a short period of time. Accordingly, attempts have been made to apply electric double layer capacitors to intended uses which require a long product life, intended uses which require a large current, and the like.
For example, Patent Document 1 mentions an example of an electric double layer capacitor. For the electric double layer capacitor described in Patent Document 1, an electrode and a separator are integrated by applying an adhesive to the protruded surface of an electrode end and attaching a separator to that part.
Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-299855
When the separator is attached after applying the adhesive onto the electrode, an adhesive layer is formed between the electrode and the separator. Therefore, the electric double layer capacitor described in Patent Document 1 has an adhesive layer that bonds the electrode and the separator. For this reason, due to the presence of the adhesive layer, the electric double layer capacitor described in Patent Document 1 has a problem of difficulty reducing thickness.
A main object of the present invention is to provide a thin electric double layer capacitor.
An electric double layer capacitor according to the present invention includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and a separator. The first electrode has a first collector electrode and a first polarizable electrode. The first polarizable electrode is provided on the first collector electrode. The second electrode has a second collector electrode and a second polarizable electrode. The second polarizable electrode is provided on the second collector electrode. The separator is interposed between the first polarizable electrode and the second polarizable electrode. The separator is impregnated with an electrolyte. The separator is provided with a bonding part filled with a resin. The bonding part extends to a surface of the separator closer to the first polarizable electrode.
The separator and the first polarizable electrode are bonded to each other by the bonding part. In the electric double layer capacitor according to the present invention, the separator and the first polarizable electrode are bonded to each other by the bonding part composed of the resin filling the separator. For this reason, the gap can be reduced between the separator and the polarizable electrode, for example, as compared with a case of bonding the separator and the polarizable electrode with an adhesive layer provided between the separator and the polarizable electrode. Therefore, the thickness of the electric double layer capacitor can be reduced.
In the electric double layer capacitor according to the present invention, the separator and the first polarizable electrode preferably make contact with each other in a region provided with the bonding part. In this case, the thickness of the electric double layer capacitor can be further reduced.
In the electric double layer capacitor according to the present invention, the bonding part preferably extends to the surface closer to the second polarizable electrode, and the separator and the second polarizable electrode are bonded by the bonding part. In this case, it is not always necessary to provide an adhesive layer between the separator and the second polarizable electrode, and the thickness of the electric double layer capacitor can be reduced.
In the electric double layer capacitor according to the present invention, the entire surface of the separator closer to the first polarizable electrode preferably makes contact with the first polarizable electrode. In this case, the thickness of the electric double layer capacitor can be further reduced.
In the electric double layer capacitor according to the present invention, the bonding part preferably does not extend to the first collector electrode. In this case, the flow of the electrolyte, gas, or the like is less likely to be blocked by the bonding part, and the electric characteristics of the electric double layer capacitor is thus less likely to be deteriorated.
In the electric double layer capacitor according to the present invention, the first electrode has an opposed part that is opposed to the second electrode in the thickness direction, and a non-opposed part that is not opposed to the second electrode in the thickness direction, and the bonding part preferably bonds the non-opposed part and the separator to each other. In this case, the area of the opposed part which functions as a capacitor can be further increased, for example, as compared with a case of bonding the opposed part and the separator by the bonding part. Therefore, the capacitance of the electric double layer capacitor can be prevented from being decreased. In addition, the internal resistance of the electric double layer capacitor can be reduced.
In the electric double layer capacitor according to the present invention, the first electrode has an opposed part that is opposed to the second electrode in the thickness direction, and a non-opposed part that is not opposed to the second electrode in the thickness direction, and the bonding part is preferably provided to have an overlap with a central part of the opposed part. In this case, the gap between the first electrode and the second electrode is less likely to be increased. Therefore, the capacitance can be prevented from being decreased due to the increase in the gap between the first electrode and the second electrode. In addition, the internal resistance of the electric double layer capacitor is less likely to be increased.
In the electric double layer capacitor according to the present invention, the first electrode has an opposed part that is opposed to the second electrode in the thickness direction, and an extended part that is extended from the opposed part, and the opposed part has a rectangular shape with first and second sides extending in a first direction and third and fourth sides extending in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, the extended part is extended from a part on one side with respect to the center of the opposed part in the second direction, and as viewed from the thickness direction, the bonding part is preferably provided such that at least a part of the bonding part has an overlap with a part located on the other side in the second direction with respect to the center of the opposed part in the second direction. In this case, the gap between the first electrode and the second electrode can be prevented in a more effective manner from being increased. Therefore, the capacitance can be prevented in a more effective manner from being decreased due to the increase in the gap between the first electrode and the second electrode. In addition, the internal resistance of the electric double layer capacitor can be prevented in a more effective manner from being increased.
In the electric double layer capacitor according to the present invention, the extended part is extended from a part on one side with respect to the center of the opposed part in the second direction and on one side with respect to the center thereof in the first direction, and as viewed from the thickness direction, the bonding part is preferably provided such that at least a part of the bonding part has an overlap with a part located on the other side in the second direction with respect to the center of the opposed part in the second direction and on the other side in the first direction with respect to the center thereof in the first direction. In this case, the gap between the first electrode and the second electrode can be prevented in a further effective manner from being increased. Therefore, the capacitance can be prevented in a further effective manner from being decreased due to the increase in the gap between the first electrode and the second electrode. In addition, the internal resistance of the electric double layer capacitor can be prevented in a further effective manner from being increased.
In the method for manufacturing the electric double layer capacitor according to the present invention, it is preferable to form the bonding part by impregnating the separator with an adhesive including a resin, after stacking the separator on the first polarizable electrode. The foregoing method can manufacture an electric double layer capacitor with the separator and the first polarizable electrode in contact with each other. In other words, an electric double layer capacitor can be manufactured, where there is substantially no gap between the separator and the first polarizable electrode. Therefore, high-capacitance electric double layer capacitors can be manufactured.
According to the present invention, a thin electric double layer capacitor can be provided.
An example of a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described below. However, the following embodiment is considered by way of example only. The present invention is not limited to the following embodiment in any way.
The drawings referenced in the embodiment and the like are schematically made. The ratios between the dimensions of objects drawn in the drawings, and the like may, in some cases, differ from the ratios between the dimensions of actual objects, or the like. The dimensional ratios of objects, and the like may differ between the drawings as well in some cases. The specific dimensional ratios of objects, and the like should be determined in view of the following description.
As shown in
The first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12 are opposed to each other with the separator 13 interposed therebetween. Specifically, a plurality of first electrodes 11 and a plurality of second electrodes 12 are alternately stacked with separators 13 interposed therebetween. The respective first electrodes 11 are electrically connected by a first extension terminal (not shown), and extended to the exterior body 10. The respective second electrodes 12 are electrically connected by a second extension terminal (not shown), and extended to the exterior body 10.
(First Electrode 11)
The first electrode 11 includes a first collector electrode 11a. The first collector electrode 11a can be made of, for example, aluminum foil or the like. The thickness of the first collector electrode 11a can be, for example, about 10 μm or more and 30 μm or less.
On the first collector electrode 11a, a first polarizable electrode 11b is provided. Specifically, among the second electrodes 12 and the first electrodes 11, the first collector electrode 11a located outermost in the thickness direction (lamination direction) has the first polarizable electrodes 11b provided only on the inner principal surface, and no first polarizable electrodes 11b provided on the outer principal surface. In the case of the other first electrodes 11, the first polarizable electrode 11b is provided on both principal surfaces of the first collector electrodes 11a. In other words, the first polarizable electrode 11b is provided, among the principal surfaces of the first collector electrodes 11a, only on the principal surfaces opposed to the second electrodes 12. The thickness of the first polarizable electrode 11b can be, for example, about 10 μm or more and 30 μm or less.
As shown in
The extended part 11B is connected to the opposed part 11A. Specifically, according to the present embodiment, the extended part 11B extends from a part of the opposed part 11A on the y1 side in the y-axis direction perpendicular to the x-axis direction, to the x1 side. The non-opposed part 11C is connected to the opposed part 11A. The non-opposed part 11C extends from the opposed part 11A to the x2 side in the x-axis direction. The non-opposed part 11C extends from a part of the opposed part 11A on the y2 side in the y-axis direction, to the x2 side. The first polarizable electrode 11b is provided only at the opposed part 11A, and not provided at the extended part 11B or the non-opposed part 11C. The extended part 11B and the non-extended part 11C are composed of the first collector electrode 11a.
According to the present embodiment, the plurality of extended parts 11B is, for example, fixed by being integrated with, for example, a solder or the like. However, the plurality of extended parts 11B may be fixed by being connected to a first extension terminal, not shown, without being integrated.
It is to be noted that according to the present embodiment, an example of providing the non-opposed part 11C has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this configuration. For example, the first electrode may be composed of an opposed part and an extended part.
(Second Electrode 12)
As shown in
On the second collector electrode 12a, a second polarizable electrode 12b is provided. Specifically, among the second electrodes 12 and the first electrodes 11, the second collector electrode 12a located outermost in the thickness direction (lamination direction) has the second polarizable electrodes 12b provided only on the inner principal surface, and no second polarizable electrodes 12b provided on the outer principal surface. In the case of the other second electrodes 12, the second polarizable electrode 12b is provided on both principal surfaces of the second collector electrodes 12a. In other words, the second polarizable electrode 12b is provided, among the principal surfaces of the second collector electrodes 12a, only on the principal surfaces opposed to the first electrodes 11. The thickness of the second polarizable electrode 12b can be, for example, about 10 μm or more and 30 μm or less.
As shown in
According to the present embodiment, the plurality of extended parts 12B is, for example, fixed by being integrated with, for example, a solder or the like. However, the plurality of extended parts 12B may be fixed by being connected to a second extension terminal, not shown, without being integrated.
It is to be noted that according to the present embodiment, an example of providing the non-opposed part 12C has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this configuration. For example, the second electrode may be composed of an opposed part and an extended part.
In addition, the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12 may have the same size or different sizes.
(Separator 13)
The separator 13 is interposed between the first electrode 11 and second electrode 12 adjacent to each other. The separator 13 has substantially the same shape as the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12, or has a larger flat plate shape than the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12. The separator 13 separates the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12 from each other. The separator 13 can be composed of, for example, a porous sheet with a plurality of open cells.
(Exterior Body 10)
The first electrodes 11, the second electrodes 12, and the separators 13 are housed in the exterior body 10. The first electrodes 11 are connected to a first extension terminal (not shown) provided outside the exterior body 10. The second electrodes 12 are connected to a second extension terminal (not shown) provided outside the exterior body 10. The exterior body 10 can be composed of, for example, a laminate sheet made of aluminum whose both surfaces are covered with a resin layer.
(Electrolyte)
The electrolyte is interposed between the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12. Specifically, the separator interposed between the first polarizable electrode 11b of the first electrode 11 and the second polarizable electrode 12b of the second electrode 12 is impregnated with the electrolyte.
The electrolyte includes a cation, an anion, and a solvent. Preferably used cations include, for example, tetraethylammonium salts. Preferably used anions include, for example, tetrafluoroborate ions (BF4−) and bistrifluoromethylsulfonylimide ((CF3SO2)2N−). Preferably used solvents include carbonate compounds such as propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate, diethyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, nitrile compounds, and aqueous solvents such as water.
The electrolyte may be, for example, a crosslinkable gel electrolyte or an ionic liquid composed of an imidazole compound.
(Bonding Part 14)
As shown in
From the viewpoint of further reducing the thickness of the electric double layer capacitor 1, as shown in
From the same viewpoint, in the electric double layer capacitor 1, the entire surface of the separator 13 closer to the first polarizable electrode preferably makes contact with the first polarizable electrode 11b.
Now, from the viewpoint of firmly bonding the first electrode 11 and the separator 13, the bonding part 14 is believed to be preferably provided so as to extend to the first collector electrode 11a. However, as a result of earnest researches made by the inventors, it has been found that the electric characteristics of the electric double layer capacitor deteriorate when the bonding part is provided so as to extend to the collector electrode. From the viewpoint of suppressing the deterioration of electric characteristics of the electric double layer capacitor, the bonding portion 14 preferably does not extend to the first collector electrode 11a. In this case, the flow of the electrolyte in the first polarizable electrode 11b, and of the gas generated in the electric double layer capacitor 1 can be prevented from being blocked and interrupted by the bonding part 14. For this reason, the internal resistance in the electric double layer capacitor 1 can be prevented from being increased.
The bonding part 14 may be provided at the opposed part 11A or in the non-opposed part 11C.
When the bonding part 14 is provided at the opposed part 11A, the gap between the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12 can be prevented in a more effective manner from being increased at the opposed part 11A which functions as a capacitor. Therefore, the decrease in capacitance and the increase in internal resistance can be suppressed.
From the viewpoint of further effectively preventing the gap between the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12 from being increased, the bonding part 14 is preferably provided so as to have an overlap with a central part of the opposed part 11A as viewed from the thickness direction.
In addition, from the viewpoint of preventing the gap between the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12 from being increased, the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12 are preferably fixed at both one side and the other side in the x-axis direction which is a longitudinal direction. According to the present embodiment, the plurality of extended parts 11B positioned on the x1 side in the x-axis direction is fixed, and the plurality of extended parts 12B is fixed. For this reason, as shown in
The area of the bonding part 14 is not particularly limited as long as it is enough to fix the separator 13 and the electrodes 11, 12 with sufficient strength. From the viewpoint of firmly bonding the separator 13 and the electrodes 11, 12, the proportion of the area occupied by the bonding part 14 is preferably 1% or higher, more preferably 2% or higher, and further preferably 3% or higher at a part of the separator 13 opposed to the first polarizable electrode 11b. However, if the proportion of the area occupied by the bonding part 14 is excessively high at the part of the separator 13 opposed to the first polarizable electrode 11b, the capacitance of the electric double layer capacitor 1 may be decreased in some cases. Therefore, the proportion of the area occupied by the bonding part 14 is preferably 30% or lower, more preferably 20% or lower, and further preferably 10% or lower at the part of the separator 13 opposed to the first polarizable electrode 11b.
The adhesive for use in the formation of the bonding part 14 is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to use a resin adhesive that is low in adhesiveness, electrolytic solution resistance, moisture resistance, or viscosity in a liquid state as a simple substance, or in an adjusted solution or dispersion state.
Specific examples of preferably used resin adhesives include, for example, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, crosslinked fluoroolefin copolymer, polyvinyl alcohol, epoxy resins, silicone resins, acrylic resins, acrylic acid esters, methacrylic acid esters, polypropylene, polyethylene, ionomer, styrene butadiene rubbers, polyimide, polyamide imide, urethane, and polyphenylene sulfide.
It is to be noted that an example in which the bonding part 14 is provided for each of the separators 13 has been described in the present embodiment. However, the present invention is not limited to this configuration. For example, each separator may be provided with a plurality of bonding parts.
(Method for Manufacturing Electric Double Layer Capacitor 1)
As shown in
Next, the separator 13 is stacked on the first or second polarizable electrode 11b, 12b. Thereafter, as shown in
Next, as shown in
Next, as shown in
The foregoing steps are repeated, and as shown in
The prepared laminated body is pressed and thermocompression-bonded to form the bonding part 14 from the adhesive impregnated part 14a. Next, the laminate is put in an exterior body. Thereafter, the electric double layer capacitor 1 can be fabricated by injecting an electrolyte into the exterior body and sealing the exterior pair.
As described above, the formation of the bonding part 14 through the impregnation with the resin, with the polarizable electrodes 11b, 12b and the separator 13 stacked on one another, makes it possible to manufacture an electric double layer capacitor with the electrodes 11, 12 and the separators in contact with each other in the region provided with the bonding part 14.
It is to be noted that examples of the adhesive including the resin (resin adhesive) include, for example, an adhesive including a monomer, an oligomer, or the like for a resin that is cured by polymerization.
Other examples of preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below. In the following description, members that have substantially the same functions as those in the first embodiment will be referred to with common reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.
In the first embodiment, an example in which the bonding part 14 is provided at the opposed part as viewed from the thickness direction has been described. However, the present invention is not limited thereto.
According to the second embodiment, a bonding part is provided at non-opposed parts 11C and 12C. In this case, it is not always necessary to provide the bonding part 14 at the opposed part 11A, the effective area of the opposed part 11A is thus not decreased. Therefore, the decrease in the capacitance of the electric double layer capacitor 1, and the decrease in ESR can be prevented from being caused.
According to the present embodiment, the electric double layer capacitor 1b includes a first electric double layer capacitor element 31a and a second electric double layer capacitor element 31b enclosed in a package 31c. Each of the first and second electric double layer capacitor elements 31a and 31b has a rectangular shape whose longitudinal direction is parallel to the x-axis direction (second direction). The first electric double layer capacitor element 31a and the second electric double layer capacitor element 31b are arranged in the x-axis direction. For this reason, the package 31c also has a rectangular shape whose longitudinal direction is parallel to the x-axis direction.
The package 31c is provided with a rectangular first cell 31c1 and a rectangular second cell 31c2 adjacent to the first cell 31c1 in the x-axis direction. The first electric double layer capacitor element 31a is sealed in the first cell 31c1. The second electric double layer capacitor element 31b is sealed in the second cell 31c2.
Each cell 31c1, 31c2 is filled with an electrolytic solution. The electrolytic solution includes a cation, an anion, and a solvent. Preferably used cations include, for example, tetraethylammonium salts. Preferably used anions include, for example, tetrafluoroborate ions (BF4−) and bistrifluoromethylsulfonylimide ((CF3SO2)2N−). Preferably used solvents include carbonate compounds such as propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate, diethyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, nitrile compounds, and aqueous solvents such as water.
The electrolytic solution may be, for example, a crosslinkable gel electrolytic solution or an ionic liquid composed of an imidazole compound.
According to the present embodiment, the first electric double layer capacitor element 31a and the second electric double layer capacitor element 31b are composed of the same electric double layer capacitor element 32.
The first electrode 311 and the second electrode 312 are opposed to each other with the separator 313 interposed therebetween. Specifically, a plurality of first electrodes 311 and a plurality of second electrodes 312 are alternately stacked with separators 313 interposed therebetween.
The first electrode 311 includes a first collector electrode 311a. The first collector electrode 311a can be made of, for example, aluminum foil or the like. The thickness of the first collector electrode 311a can be, for example, about 10 μm or more and 30 μm or less. On the first collector electrode 311a, a first polarizable electrode 311b is provided. Specifically, the first polarizable electrode 311b is provided, among the principal surfaces of the first collector electrodes 311a, only on the principal surfaces opposed to the second electrodes 312. The thickness of the first polarizable electrode 311b can be, for example, about 10 μm or more and 30 μm or less. The first polarizable electrode 311b can be made of, for example, carbon or the like.
As shown in
The second electrode 312 shown in
On the second collector electrode 312a, a second polarizable electrode 312b is provided. Specifically, the second polarizable electrode 312b is provided, among the principal surfaces of the second collector electrodes 312a, only on the principal surfaces opposed to the first electrodes 311. The thickness of the second polarizable electrode 312b can be, for example, about 10 μm or more and 30 μm or less. The second polarizable electrode 312b can be made of, for example, carbon or the like.
As shown in
The first electrode 311 and the second electrode 312 adjacent to each other in the z-axis direction (thickness direction) are bonded to each other with a bonding part 314.
As shown in
As shown in
In the second electric double layer capacitor element 31b, the extended part 311C of the first electrode 311 and the extended part 312C of the second electrode 312 are positioned at the second corner 31C2. The extended part 311C is positioned more outside (x1 side) in the x-axis direction than the extended part 312C. The extended part 311B of the first electrode 311 and the extended part 312B of the second electrode 312 are positioned at the first corner 31C1. The extended part 312B is positioned more inside (x2 side) in the x-axis direction than the extended part 311B. The extended parts 311C, 312C are each integrally fixed.
The first electric double layer capacitor element 31a has a first electrode terminal 315 connected to the extended part 311B of the first electrode 311 at the first corner 31C1 of the first cell 31c1. The first electrode terminal 315 extends from the extended part 311B toward the y1 side in the y-axis direction. The first electrode terminal 315 penetrates a sealing part 31C3 of the package 31c to be extended even to the outside of the first cell 31c1.
The first electric double layer capacitor element 31a has a second electrode terminal 316 connected to the extended part 312B of the second electrode 312 at the first corner 31C1 of the first cell 31c1. The second electrode terminal 316 extends from the extended part 312B toward the y1 side in the y-axis direction. The second electrode terminal 316 penetrates a sealing part 31C3 of the package 31c to be extended even to the outside of the first cell 31c1.
The second electric double layer capacitor element 31b has a second electrode terminal 317 connected to the extended part 312C of the second electrode 312 at the second corner 31C2 of the second cell 31c2. The second electrode terminal 317 extends from the extended part 312C toward the y1 side in the y-axis direction. The second electrode terminal 317 penetrates a sealing part 31C3 of the package 31c to be extended even to the outside of the first cell 31c1. The second electrode terminal 317 and the first electrode terminal 315 are electrically connected by a connecting material 319.
The second electric double layer capacitor element 31b has a first electrode terminal 318 extending from the extended part 311C of the first electrode 311 toward the y1 side in the y axis direction at the second corner 31C2 of the second cell 31c2. The first electrode terminal 318 penetrates a sealing part 31C3 of the package 31c to be extended even to the outside of the first cell 31c1.
As shown in
As described above, according to the present embodiment, in the first cell 31c1, the multiple extended parts 311B and 312B stacked in the thickness direction are each fixed and integrated. The extended parts 311B, 312B are extended from the parts, on the x1 side of the rectangular opposed part 311A which is a part of the first electrode 311 opposed to the second electrode 312 in the x-axis direction (the direction along the long side of the opposed part 311A), and on the y1 side in the y-axis direction (the direction along the short side of the opposed part 311A). In this case, as shown in
Alternatively, the bonding part 314 is preferably provided such that at least a part of the bonding part 314 has an overlap with a region located on the y2 side with respect to the center of the opposed part 311A in the y-axis direction (first direction). In this case, the electrodes 311, 312 and the separators 313 can be fixed at a plurality of spaced-apart sites. Therefore, the gap can be reduced between the electrode 311 and the electrode 312. Therefore, the capacitance of the electric double layer capacitor 1b can be increased. In addition, the internal resistance of the electric double layer capacitor 1b can be reduced.
From the same point of view, the bonding part 314 is preferably provided such that at least a part thereof has an overlap with a part on the y2 side with respect to the center in the y-axis direction (first direction) and on the x2 side with respect to the center in the x-axis direction (second direction).
The adhesive for use in the formation of the bonding part 314 is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to use a resin adhesive that is low in adhesiveness, electrolytic solution resistance, moisture resistance, or viscosity in a liquid state as a simple substance, or in an adjusted solution or dispersion state.
Specific examples of preferably used resin adhesives include, for example, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, crosslinked fluoroolefin copolymer, polyvinyl alcohol, epoxy resins, silicone resins, acrylic resins, acrylic acid esters, methacrylic acid esters, polypropylene, polyethylene, ionomer, styrene butadiene rubbers, polyimide, polyamide imide, urethane, and polyphenylene sulfide.
It is to be noted that an example in which the opposed part 311A and the separator 313 are bonded by the bonding part 314 has been described in the present embodiment, but the non-opposed part of the first electrode 311 and the separator 313 may be bonded by the bonding part 314.
In the present embodiment, an example in which the bonding part 14 is provided for each of the separators 13 has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this configuration. For example, each separator may be provided with a plurality of bonding parts.
It is to be noted that the electric double layer capacitor 1b according to the present embodiment can be manufactured, for example, by the same manufacturing method as the method for manufacturing the electric double layer capacitor 1 according to the first embodiment.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2015-183985 | Sep 2015 | JP | national |
The present application is a continuation of International application No. PCT/JP2016/076832, filed Sep. 12, 2016, which claims priority to Japanese Patent Application No. 2015-183985, filed Sep. 17, 2015, the entire contents of each of which are incorporated herein by reference.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | PCT/JP2016/076832 | Sep 2016 | US |
| Child | 15908935 | US |
