Patent Grant
12087258
None.
The present invention relates generally to musical instruments, and more specifically to electric stringed musical instruments, such as electric guitars.
The guitar has been a highly popular musical instrument since the fifteenth century, and became even more popular when the electric guitar was invented in 1932. While the overall design of the electric guitar has been standardized, many variations and alternative designs exist.
One issue associated with the current design of the electric guitar is its inability to comfortably support more than 9-10 strings. This is primarily due to the flat fretboard construction, which necessitates a wider neck to accommodate additional strings. Consequently, this design hinders a player's ability to reach across the strings while keeping the thumb properly supported against the back of the neck, a fundamental aspect of the standard guitar-playing technique.
Another problem associated with the current design of the electric guitar is that it is very difficult and cumbersome to switch out strings while in performance. If a player wants to switch between guitar and bass, even though the fretting system is the same, the player would need to carry around two instruments. If a player wishes to play a fretless bass, that will be another instrument to carry around. Some guitars have two necks to accommodate this issue, but even with such a design, a player needs to move their hand from one neck to the other, which prevents these transitions from being truly seamless.
A need exists for a guitar design that can accommodate more strings and that can comfortably switch between guitar strings and bass strings (or other strings, such as cello, banjo, or ukulele strings) for greater versatility.
An object of the present invention is to provide an electric stringed musical instrument that gives the player more strings than the standard 6-7 provided by a standard guitar.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an electric stringed musical instrument that comprises both guitar strings and bass strings.
The electric stringed musical instrument of the present invention comprises a body portion and a rotating neck portion, attached to the body in such a way that it is able to rotate around its own axis. The neck portion comprises a plurality of strings each of which is coplanar to the rotational axis; each string comprises an electric pickup. In an embodiment, a motor is attached to the rotating neck portion in such a way as to rotate it with respect to the body portion.
The neck comprises a plurality of frets; in some embodiments, the frets go all the way around the circumference of the neck so that each string is fretted. In some embodiments, the frets go only part of the way around the circumference of the neck so that some strings are not fretted.
In an embodiment, a thumb rest is also included. The thumb rest is attached to the body and attached to the other end of the neck in a way that enables the neck to rotate.
In an embodiment, at least four of the strings are bass strings; in another embodiment, at least six strings are guitar strings.
The electric pickups are connected to the output jack located on the body. The connection can be either wireless or a slip-ring electrical connector.
The rotating neck portion can be a conical frustum or a pyramidal frustum. A pyramidal frustum neck can comprise four or more sides.
In an embodiment, the rotating neck portion can have cutouts under the thicker strings.
The rotating neck portion can be rotated by a motor. The motor is controlled by a motor controller, which can rotate it clockwise, counterclockwise, or stop it at any position. In an embodiment, the motor controller can position the neck at certain pre-set position or move it in pre-set movement patterns. In an embodiment, the stringed electric musical instrument also comprises a brake that can control rotational resistance, fix the rotating neck in place, or index between multiple pre-defined positions.
The stringed electric musical instrument can comprise 18 strings, 24 strings, or any other number of strings.
The present invention can be any stringed musical instrument with electric pickups for the strings, such as an electric violin, cello, or bass. An electric guitar is described in the below disclosure; however, nothing in this disclosure is intended to limit the invention to just that instrument.
As shown in
The body 1 of the guitar is preferably approximately the same shape as the body of a regular electric guitar and made of a solid piece of material, similar to a regular electric guitar. However, the present invention is not limited by body shape or parameters, as long as the body of the guitar is solid enough to attach the bearings that hold the rotating neck.
The neck may spin freely or may be controlled by a motor, or may be controlled by a mechanical system that allows the indexing of positions, adjusting rotational resistance, or rotational locking. In an embodiment, a motor controls the speed and direction of rotation. The motor may be controlled by a foot pedal, similarly to other electric guitar controls. In an embodiment, the motor may be controlled by a motor controller that comprises various pre-set patterns of rotations and stopping points.
In an embodiment, a motor is not used, and the neck is simply controlled by a brake. The brake could be a simple brake that prevents rotational motion and locks the neck in place. In other embodiments, the brake could adjust the rotational resistance of the neck, or allow the neck to only rotate between indexed predefined positions.
An advantage of the present design is that it can accommodate a lot more strings than a standard guitar while allowing the player to easily reach all of the strings. As noted above, the width of the neck of a standard guitar increases as the number of strings increases, making it impossible for the average player to reach all of the strings while holding the neck and using the thumb to brace against the back of the neck, and thus, is limited to 9 or 10 strings with normal string spacing. While techniques such as tapping allow a guitarist to reach across a wider neck without bracing the thumb, it is not ergonomic and does not allow for comfortable playing. The present design can accommodate up to 32 strings in some cases and can accommodate guitar and bass strings (or other instrument strings such as cello, banjo, violin, or ukulele strings) at the same time.
Another advantage of the present design is that a musician can easily strum the guitar by simply spinning the neck and holding a pick in place. The tuning for such a strum may be an open chord so that it is easy to change the chord by simply holding down a slide against the fret as the neck rotates. Using a slide in guitar playing involves placing a cylindrical object, typically made of glass or steel, atop the guitar strings. By sliding this object along the strings without pressing them down onto the fretboard, the player can produce notes. This method allows for the alteration of pitch through the slide's movement, facilitating continuous note production, even during the rotation of the guitar's neck. This technique is particularly effective for seamless musical transitions between different sections of the instrument, such as guitar to bass, enriching the overall musical expression.
Another advantage of the present design is that since the strings are not all coplanar, it may be played with a bow, like a violin or cello. Bowing the strings while the neck is turning is another way to result in an interesting sound.
The present design can accommodate a large number of strings compared to a standard guitar. The present design can easily accommodate up to 32 strings if they are all guitar strings, or fewer if some of them are bass strings (since those strings are thicker and need to be spaced further apart). In an embodiment, the present design comprises 9 guitar strings, 5 fretted bass strings, and 4 fretless bass strings. The fact that the present design can encompass guitar strings, bass strings, and fretless bass strings, while allowing the average player to easily reach all of the strings, results in a richer sound and grants the player much greater musical possibilities.
The tuning of the present design can be any tuning that is practical or possible on a guitar, bass, cello, or any other string instrument. In an embodiment, the tuning is an open tuning, wherein all the strings are tuned to notes in the same chord. This enables the player to strum all the strings by rotating the neck and produce a consonant sound (a player can use a slide to fret the chord for that purpose, since it can glide easily across the strings as the neck rotates). In another embodiment, the tuning for 6 of the guitar strings is a standard guitar tuning (EADGBE) and the tuning for 4 of the bass strings is a standard bass tuning (EADG). It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to any particular tuning, and that any tuning of the strings is consistent with the present invention.
The neck portion 3, as shown here, is a conical frustum. In the preferred embodiment, it has a draft angle of about 1-2 degrees, similar to a regular guitar. Other draft angles may also be included in the present invention, as long as they are comfortable to play.
As shown in the Figure, each string is preferably equidistant from the axis of rotation of the neck. Since the strings are not all the same thickness, this might, in some embodiments, require a cutout under the thicker strings, to enable them to be played.
The diameter of the neck portion at its thickest point is about 67 mm in the present model. It is preferable to keep the diameter as small as possible while maintaining comfortable string spacing. This enables a typical adult hand to easily reach around it without strain. In an embodiment, the diameter of the neck portion is anywhere between 20 mm (a standard guitar neck) up to 67 mm. It is to be understood that any other diameter is also consonant with the present invention.
In an embodiment (not shown), the neck portion 3 is a pyramidal frustum comprising multiple flat faces, with at least two strings on each face. The pyramidal frustum can comprise at least four flat faces, with six or eight faces also possible. This enables a more normal-feeling playing experience on each face, since the fretboard will be flat rather than curved. In an embodiment, each face comprises the string set of a particular instrument—for example, one face could contain 6 guitar strings, one face could contain 4 bass strings, one face could contain 4 fretless bass strings, and so on. In another embodiment, each face comprises a guitar string set, with custom tunings for each face. The draft angle of this design is preferably similar to that of the conical frustum design-approximately 1-2 degrees.
In an embodiment, the neck is a cylinder or a prism instead of a frustum, having no draft angle.
As shown in the
As shown in the exploded view, frets 7 are circular in this design. Each fret is unique to accommodate the neck taper, and is sized to have the optimal playing height for each string. Fret spacers 8 provide sufficient space between the frets; each fret spacer is unique to account for taper and the varying heights between frets. In an embodiment, some of the strings are not fretted—in that case, the fret spacers have a lip that is the same height as the thickness of the frets, so that the surface of the fretless section is smooth and has no visible frets.
Since this is an electric instrument, each string is equipped with an electric pickup 5. In an embodiment, the electric pickups 5 are single-string single-coil pickups, each having a resistance of 8 k Ohms. They consist of a magnet and a wire coil, detecting string vibrations and converting them into electrical signals. Each pickup connects via two wires: a signal wire for audio output and a ground wire for electrical grounding. In an embodiment, these wires are wired in parallel to a slip ring assembly, ensuring continuous signal transmission to the guitar's output jack, regardless of the neck's rotational movement. In another embodiment, the pickups are connected to a wireless transmitter. The wireless transmitter can be a transmitter operating on the 2.4 GHz frequency band or any other wireless transmitter that can transmit signals.
Since these electric pickups are located very close together on a curved surface of the neck, they have to be physically small. In an embodiment, each electric pickup is 12.9 mm wide and 7.4 mm tall. These dimensions are not meant to be limiting, and other measurements are acceptable for the present invention as long as all the electric pickups fit on the rotating neck under the strings.
String bridge 9 has cut-outs for all the strings at the right height. In an embodiment, the string bridge 9 is adjustable so that the player can change the string type or string tuning. Centering ring 18 centers the string bridge in place to align it.
String clamps 10 route the strings through and clamp onto the ends of the strings to hold them in place. Any clamps may be used for the purpose.
Threaded rod 11 runs through the entirety of the rotating neck and provides stability and structural support by clamping all the elements together, running from string clamps 10 to the end cap 15. This increases rigidity, maintains alignment, and reduces vibration. Rod nut 16 clamps the rotating neck together, providing stiffness. In an embodiment this could be accomplished through the structure of the guitar without the need of a threaded rod.
The threaded rod runs through a central tube 12, which is slightly shorter than the threaded rod, running between the string bridge 9 and the end cap 15. It is preferably made of aluminum, but could be made of other structurally stable materials. Tube spacer 13 is bolted to the base mounting structure 4 to give the ends of the tensioners more room so that they do not rub against the bearing. In an embodiment, the base mounting structure and the tube spacer are one part.
Bearing housings 2 and bearings 14a and 14b are used to hold the neck in place while still enabling it to rotate around its axis. The two bearing housings 2 consists of four separate plates that are arranged in a way such that the two outer-most plates support the bearings radially, while the inner two plates have a slightly smaller through-hole. This allows the bearings to be clamped together while spaced apart, which ensures structural stability and minimizes undesired movement when in use.
Slip ring 15 is used to connect the electric pickups 5 to the guitar body and thus to the amplifier. In an embodiment, a wireless connection (such as a 2.4 GHz wireless transmitter) is used instead of a slip ring.
In an embodiment, the motor controller may rapidly turn the neck back and forth slightly, so that when a player holds a pick against the string, a tremolo is produced. This enables much greater precision and a better sound for the tremolo.
In an embodiment, the motor controller can store and reproduce a sequence of movements (clockwise, counterclockwise, stop) for an entire song or a part of a song. The player then simply has to play the right chords and hold the pick.
In an embodiment, the motor controller can store and reproduce a sequence of positions, moving the neck to put a particular string or set of strings into playing position. For example, the motor controller can position the bass strings in playing position for a certain time, then the guitar strings, then the fretless bass strings. This can also be done with a set of buttons that can be pressed with the foot. For example, a button can trigger the motor to move the neck to the guitar section; another one can trigger the neck to move to the bass section; another one to the fretless bass section. This allows position changes to be done without interrupting the player's performance; this is not achievable without the motor.
In an embodiment, the motor for the guitar's rotating neck is a NEMA 17 stepper motor, chosen for its precision in incremental movements. It is operated by a TMC2209 driver, which allows for fine control through PWM and digital inputs. The ESP32 microcontroller orchestrates the movement commands, while an AS5600 magnetic encoder tracks the neck's position to ensure accurate placement for position control. It is to be understood that any other motor or driver/encoder that provides similar precision in movements and fine motor control is also consistent with the present invention.
In an embodiment, the motor controller stores simple movement sequences in its memory, to be executed later. In an embodiment, a user can program movement sequences into the motor controller via a phone app, a computer interface, or a simple interface on the guitar itself.
In an embodiment, a brake is used instead of a motor.
In the embodiment shown in
It is to be understood that the present invention is only limited by the appended claims. The embodiments described in this section of the disclosure are illustrative only.
| Number | Name | Date | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 4981063 | Roberts | Jan 1991 | A |
| 5251526 | Hill | Oct 1993 | A |
