The present disclosure relates generally to examples of electric lawnmower charging.
Electric vehicles (EVs), such as automobiles (e.g., cars and trucks), snowmobiles, watercraft, all-terrain vehicles (ATVs), side-by-side vehicles (SSVs), and electric bikes, for example, offer a quiet, clean, and more environmentally friendly option to gas-powered vehicles. Electric vehicles have electric powertrains which typically include a rechargeable battery system, one or more electrical motors, each with a corresponding electronic power inverter (sometimes referred to as a motor controller), and various auxiliary systems (e.g., cooling systems). To enhance ownership and ensure availability, charging of EVs should be both timely and convenient.
For these and other reasons, there is a need for the present invention.
The present disclosure provides one or more examples of an electric vehicle and systems and/or devices for use with an electric vehicle.
In one example, the present disclosure provides an electric lawnmower. The electric lawnmower is configured for wireless charging.
Additional and/or alternative features and aspects of examples of the present technology will become apparent from the following description and the accompanying drawings.
The Figures generally illustrate one or more examples of an electric vehicle and/or devices for use with an electric vehicle such as electric vehicle batteries or electric vehicle charging systems.
In the following detailed description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings which form a part hereof, and in which is shown by way of illustration specific examples in which the disclosure may be practiced. It is to be understood that other examples may be utilized and structural or logical changes may be made without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. The following detailed description, therefore, is not to be taken in a limiting sense. It is to be understood that features of the various examples described herein may be combined, in part or whole, with each other, unless specifically noted otherwise.
Conventional approaches to charging electric vehicles (EVs) typically include plugging a power cord into a receptacle on the vehicle. While effective for charging EVs, such an approach requires a user to exit the vehicle to insert the power cord, which can be undesirable in inclement weather and may also be difficult for persons having physical disabilities. Also, upon arriving at a destination, such as the user's home garage, for instance, the user may forget to plug the vehicle into the charger, and within the garage, a power cord extending between the charger and the vehicle may present an obstacle.
Wireless charging techniques, including inductive charging systems, may require less user interaction to effect EV charging. Inductive charging systems typically employ a charging station having a transmitting coil which is controlled to create a fluctuating magnetic field which induces and alternating current is a receiving coil of the EV, with the alternating current, in-turn, being rectified to provide DC charging power. Misalignment between transmitting (source) coils of the charging stations and the receiving (destination) coils reduces the efficiency of the charging system. Thus, inductive charging systems typically employ some type of alignment system to achieve desired alignment between the transmitting and receiving coils.
Known alignment systems typically include mechanisms to provide horizontal movement between the transmitting and receiving coils, and often require active involvement of the driver, such as the driver needing to adjust the physical position of EV to better align the receiving coil with the transmitting coil of the charging station, which can be cumbersome, particularly in confined spaces (such within a user's garage, for example). Additionally, such positioning systems can add to the cost and complexity of the vehicle.
The following disclosure includes one or more examples of electric vehicles (EVs) with charging port devices and charging port devices and/or charging devices/systems for use with electric vehicles. One or more features of electric vehicle systems and devices are described in further detail in the following paragraphs and illustrated in the Figures. In one example, the present application discloses an electric mower having a wireless charging system. When the electric mower is parked on an inductive charger when not in use, the wireless charging system charges the electric mower.
The terms electric lawnmower or emower are used interchangeably herein.
In one example illustrated, the wireless charging system 110 is an inductive charging system. The inductive charging system includes an inductive charging device 112. The inductive charging device 112 is electrically coupled to the mower battery pack 114. The inductive charging device 112 works with an inductive charger 116 for charging the mower battery pack 114. In one example, the inductive charging device 112 includes a secondary charging coil for inductive charging of the electric mower when positioned on the inductive charger 116. In one example, the inductive charger 116 is in the form of a charging mat.
In order to charge the electric mower 100 battery pack 114, the electric mower 100 is positioned over the inductive charger 116. The inductive charging device 112 is lowered to contact the inductive charger 116, to inductively couple the mower 100 inductive charging device 112 to the inductive charger 116. In one example, mower 100 includes slide button 118 that is tethered to inductive charging device 112 via cord 120. In operation, as the slide button 118 is moved from a first, mowing position to a second, charging position, along the mower handle 122, the inductive charging device is lowered to contact the inductive charger 116. The mower is now in position for inductive charging of the battery pack 114.
The battery pack 114 is charged via the inductive charging device 112. Although it is not required to contact inductive charger 116 to inductively charge the mower 100 battery pack 114, it is recognized that it is desirable to put the inductive charging device 112 in a position as close as possible to the inductive charger 116.
In another example, the inductive charging device 112 can be lowered to contact inductive charger 116 electrically by pushing a button to operate a battery operated motor that is set up to move the inductive charging device between a first, mowing position and a second, charging position.
The electric mower 100 includes battery pack 114, a power converter 130, a motor controller 132, an electric motor 134, a drive unit 136, blade system 138, and control unit 140. Control unit 140 controls the operation of the electric mower 100. Battery pack 114 includes one or more DC batteries. The electric mower 100 is powered via battery pack 114. Power converter 130 includes a DC/AC converter for converting the battery pack 114 DC voltage output to an AC voltage output. Motor controller 132 controls electric motor 134 coupled to drive unit 136. Drive unit 126 is mechanically coupled to blade system 138 for mechanically rotating one or more blades at high speed during a mowing operation.
Battery pack 114 is charged via electric charging system 112. The electric charging system 112 is an inductive charging system, and includes a secondary charging coil 144. The electric charging system 112 inductively couples to inductive charger 116 for charging 116. In one example, the inductive coupling system is a closely coupled system. In another example, the inductive coupling system is a loosely coupled system. The inductive charging device 112 secondary charging coil 144 is located in the inductive charging device 112.
In one example, electric mower 100 also includes a charging port 111 coupled to battery pack 114. The charging port 111 allows electric mower 100 to be charged by plugging it into a charging station via charging port 111.
The charging block 124 is lowered via operation of slide 118, putting the charging block inductive charging device 112 in charging position on the inductive charger 116 charging mat.
In another example, the wireless charging system is an electromagnetic charging system. The wireless charging device magnetically couples to the charging device.
One or more examples of a charging mat suitable for use with the electric bike 100 wireless charging system 110 is disclosed in the following paragraphs. The charging mat provides a primary coil as part of inductive charger 116 for charging the electric bike 100.
In examples, as illustrated, and as will be described in greater detail below, charging mat 34 (and transmitting coils 36 disposed therein) is configured to be disposed on a surface of a parking area (e.g., on a floor of a residential garage) so that an EV, such as EV 10, can be driven there over to dispose charging panel 24 vertically above charging mat 34. In examples, the x- and y-dimensions of charging mat 34 (and the array of transmitting coils 36 disposed therein) are greater than those of charging panel 24 (and receiving coils 26) to enable easy and reliable positioning of charging panel 24 over charging mat 34 without requiring a positioning system to guide the driver and/or EV. In examples, charging mat 34 is sized to ensure that transmitting coils 36 extend beyond the perimeter dimensions of charging panel 24 in the x- and y-directions. In examples, as part of an installation procedure, charging mat 34 is easily moveable so as to be positioned on the floor at a location that generally aligns with the position of the charging panel 24 on a given EV 10 when parked in the parking/charging space (e.g., some EVs may have a charging panel positioned at the front driver side of the vehicle, whereas another EV may have a charging panel positioned at the rear passenger side of the vehicle).
The larger dimensions (i.e., surface area) of charging mat 34 enables the entire surface area of charging panel 24 (and, thus, receiving coils 26) to be generally physically positioned vertically above the transmitting coils 36 (i.e., in the z-direction) without use of a positioning system. As will be described in greater detail below, in accordance with the present disclosure, a layout of transmitting coils within charging mat 24 and selective energization of transmitting coils 36 by charging controller 32 enables electric/magnetic alignment between receiving coil(s) 26 of charging panel 24 and selected transmitting coils 36 of charging mat 34 to provide efficient charging. In other words, charging system 10, in accordance with the present disclosure, allows imprecise physical positioning between charging plate 24 and charging mat 34 while still providing accurate electric/magnetic alignment between transmitting coil(s) 36 and receiving coil(s) 26 without a need for cumbersome and complicated physical positioning systems that horizontally adjust the physical positions of charging panel 24 and charging mat 34 relative to one another. In some examples, charging mat 34 further includes a vertical positioning system 60 (see
In examples, charging mat 34 additionally includes one or more sensors 37, such as proximity sensors, to detect the presence of an EV, such as EV 10, when positioned vertically above charging mat 34. In one example, sensors 37 comprises inductive sensors.
In examples, charging mat 34 further includes a number of controllable power switches 40 which are selectively operable by changing controller 32 to separately provide power to each transmitting coil 36 and to energize selected combinations of transmitting coils 36. In examples, transmitting coils 36, controllable power switches 40, and power wiring 42 are sealed within a material 44 which comprises a waterproof, electrically insulating material (e.g., a rubber, plastic, resin, thermoplastic, etc.).
Charging controller 32 includes a computer 50 (e.g., including one or more processors and memory storing instructions for operating charging system 30) configured to direct charging operations of charging system 30, such as charging of EV 10, including controlling operation of controllable power switches 40 and a power supply 52 which provides an oscillating power signal to transmitting coils 36 to generate oscillating magnetic fields to induce oscillating voltages in receiving coil 26. In examples, cable connection 38 includes power and control wiring connecting charging controller 32, including computer 50 and power supply 52, with charging mat 34. In examples, cable connection 38 comprises a flat cable so as to provide a low profile when surface mounted. In examples, cable connection 38 may be encased within a low-profile, impact-resistant housing that can withstand the weight of vehicles and other equipment (e.g., lawn mowers, snow blowers) being driven there over. In examples, charging controller 32 is configured for wireless communication (e.g., via Bluetooth, WiFi, cellular, etc.) with one or more other devices, such as EV 10 and with a cell phone with an application installed thereon which enables a user to communicate remotely with charging controller 32.
According to examples, in operation, proximity sensor(s) 37 detects a presence of EV 10 when driven over charging mat 34 and, in response, charging controller 32 initiates charging communications with EV 10, such as wireless communication (via Bluetooth, Bluetooth low energy). Charging controller 32, via the charging communications, receives indication from EV 10 when it is in a “parked” state, wherein due to the positioning of charging mat 34 on the surface of the designated parking space (e.g., on the floor of a residential garage), receiving panel 24 is vertically disposed over charging mat 34 when EV 10 is in a “parked” state. In examples, charging controller 32 requests the charge level of rechargeable battery 14, and based on the received charge level determines whether to carry out a charging operation. In some examples, if the charging level is below a predetermined level (e.g., below 80%), charging controller 32 initiates a charging operation. In some examples, a driver, via some type of user interface, such as via an on-board vehicle interface or via an application installed on a portable computing device (e.g., a smartphone), may request that a charging operation be performed or not performed, where such request may override the charging decision of charging controller 32 based on the charge level of battery 14 as described above.
In examples, as also described in greater detail below (e.g., see
It is noted that, as employed herein, energizing a transmitting coil 36 includes charging controller 32 providing an alternating power signal to a transmitting coil 36 (e.g., alternating voltage) to produce an oscillating magnetic field which inductively induces an alternating current in receiving coil(s) 26 of charging panel 24 of EV 10. In examples, the alternating current generated within receiving coil(s) 26 is received and conditioned by power conditioning module 22 (e.g., rectified and regulated, et al.) before being provided to battery charger 16 to charge battery 14. In examples, during a charging process, charging controller 32 periodically receives a charging status of battery 14 (e.g., such as a percentage of charge level) and charges battery 14 until battery 14 reaches a predetermined charge level or until the vehicle is driven from the charging mat (wherein charging controller 32 terminates the charging process in response to vehicle controller 12 communicating that EV 10 is exiting a charging mode).
In response to the energization of each transmitting coil 36 being energized to generate a fluctuating magnetic field to induce an alternating current in receiving coil(s) 26 of charging panel 24, vehicle controller 12 provides to charging controller 32 an indication of the amount of energy transferred to charging panel 24 for each individual transmitting coil 36-1 to 36-20. In examples, charging controller 32 determines which of the transmitting coils 36-1 to 36-20 will be energized to carry out charging of battery 14 based on the corresponding received energy transfer level of each individual transmitting coil 36-1 to 36-20.
In some examples, a given transmitting coil 36 will be energized for a charging operation if its corresponding energy transfer level is at or above a predetermined threshold energy level. In some examples, the predetermined energy level may be a percentage of a maximum energy transfer level of each transmitting coil 36 (e.g., 50% of the maximum energy level). In some examples, each transmitting coil 36 is a same size and has a same maximum energy transfer level. In some examples, transmitting coils 36 may be of different sizes and have different maximum energy transfer capacities, such that the predetermined energy level may be unique for each transmitting coil 36. For example, in some cases, transmitting coils 36 positioned along the perimeter edges of charging mat 34 may be smaller in size than transmitting coils 36 positioned toward and interior of charging mat 34 to provide improved granularity of energization overlap between transmitting coils 36 and receiving coil(s) 26 (so that, when energized, portions of transmitting coil(s) 36 along perimeter edges of charging mat 36 which do not overlap with receiving coil(s) 26 are minimized so as to minimize inductive heating of metallic portions of EV 10 adjacent to charging panel 24.
For instance, in the illustrated example of
As should be understood by those in the field of inductive charging, it is noted that charging system 30 may be configured for tightly coupled charging (TCC) approaches or for loosely coupled charging (LCC) approaches.
In summary, inductive charging system 30 disclosed herein provides efficient inductive charging of an EV while requiring little to no user/drive involvement. Inductive charging system 30 eliminates the need for alignment systems which involve horizontal movement of transmitting coils and/or receiving coils to achieve alignment there between, thereby reducing the cost and complexity of an inductive charging system for both the EV and the charging system. Inductive charging system 30 also provides hands-free charging, which can be especially valuable to users having physical disabilities. Furthermore, inductive charging system 30 can be configured to automatically charge an EV with no user input, thereby eliminating a scenario where a user may inadvertently forget to initiate a battery charging procedure (e.g., forget to plug the EV into the charger).
The ideas of the present application can be applied to home electrical systems, and also to other facilities such as industrial or municipal facilities for load management and smart metering.
Although specific examples have been illustrated and described herein, a variety of alternate and/or equivalent implementations may be substituted for the specific examples shown and described without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. This application is intended to cover any adaptations or variations of the specific examples discussed herein.
The claims are part of the specification.
This Non-Provisional patent application claims the benefit of the filing date of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 63/420,486, filed Oct. 28, 2022, which is herein incorporated by reference.
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
63420486 | Oct 2022 | US |