1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates to an electric motor having a stator, on which at least one coil for producing a commutated magnetic rotating field is formed, and a rotor, on which at least one permanent magnet element is formed, wherein the rotor is rotatably mounted on an axis and wherein a force that turns the rotor about its axis acts between the commutated magnetic rotating field and the magnetic field of the permanent magnet element.
2. Description of Prior Art
Electric motors of the kind mentioned in the introduction are known and they are widely used. There are different methods for fixing the permanent magnet elements on the rotor. For example, it is known to completely overmold the permanent magnet elements with a plastic and thus fix them to the rotor. In doing so, however, the distance between the permanent magnet elements and the coils on the stator is increased, as a result of which the force that occurs between the magnetic fields of the coils and those of the permanent magnet elements is reduced. In addition to the plastic overmolding, an air gap, which compensates for the unavoidable production and bearing tolerances, must remain between the inside diameter of the stator and the outside diameter of the rotor. The bearing on the axis of the rotor, which allows the rotor to turn, cannot be manufactured so that it is completely free from play, and this bearing play can also increase in the course of operation of the electric motor. An air gap in the electric motor between the inside diameter of the stator and the outside diameter of the rotor is therefore always necessary. Complete overmolding of the rotor with plastic to fix the permanent magnet elements therefore reduces the performance capability of the electric motor.
The permanent magnet elements can also be glued to the rotor. However, this is a very difficult and therefore an expensive process, which often leads to unsatisfactory results.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to specify an electric motor in which the at least one permanent magnet element is fixed to the rotor cost-effectively and with long-term stability, wherein the torques produced by the electric motor are as large as possible.
As the at least one permanent magnet element projects beyond the stator in its axial extension, wherein only that part of the permanent magnet element that projects beyond the stator is covered by a plastic overmolding, wherein this overmolding fixes the permanent magnet element in its position on the rotor, the distance between the coil on the stator and the permanent magnet element on the rotor can be made particularly small. This increases the performance capability of the electric motor, as it can produce a larger torque due to the interaction of the fields with higher field strength. The magnetic field strength close to the coil and close to the permanent magnet element is higher than when the distance is greater.
The permanent magnet element projects beyond the stator in its axial extension at both ends, wherein only those parts of the permanent magnet element that project beyond the stator are covered by the plastic overmoldings and wherein these overmoldings fix the permanent magnet element in its position on the rotor. The parts of the permanent magnet elements which project beyond the stator are particularly well fixed due to the overmolding on both sides, which enables a long life of the electric motor. This symmetrical structure of the rotor guarantees particularly good running of the electric motor.
If, at least at one end of the rotor, the outside diameter of the overmolding is no greater than the inside diameter of the stator, the rotor equipped with the permanent magnet elements can be slid into the stator without any problems. In doing so, the whole overmolding is slid through the stator until it emerges therefrom at the other end of the stator as a result of the axial extension of the permanent magnet elements. After the overmolding emerges from the rotor, only the necessary air gap between the rotor and the stator remains in the rotor, wherein the air gap is necessary in order to compensate for bearing tolerances.
In one embodiment, the overmolding is formed in one piece with bars, wherein the bars are anchored in the rotor and therefore additionally fix the at least one permanent magnet element. As a result, a one-piece cage, which fixes the permanent magnet elements outstandingly well and therefore enables the position of the permanent magnet elements on the rotor to be controlled very accurately, is produced by the overmolding and the bars.
It is advantageous when the anchoring of the bars is in the form of an undercut. This form of the anchoring with the injection molding achieves a secure and reliable fixing of the bars and therefore of the whole cage comprising the one-piece combination of bars and overmolding.
In an improvement, the at least one overmolding is used as an aid for installing the rotor in the stator. As the rotor is provided with permanent magnet elements, it is attracted by the metal of the stator. If the permanent magnet elements knock against the stator, the installation process has failed and, as a rule, the electric motor will have become unusable. Here, the overmolding can be used as an installation aid, as it guarantees the distance between the permanent magnet elements and the stator until the rotor has slid into its position and is then held thereby on its axis of rotation.
If the permanent magnet element is cuboid-shaped, it can be manufactured very easily and cost effectively. The cuboid-shaped permanent magnet element is also qualitatively superior to a cylindrical-shell-shaped permanent magnet element, as the permanent magnet field of the cuboid-shaped permanent magnet element can be more homogeneous.
The invention is described in more detail below with reference to the figures. In the drawing:
The structure of the rotor 4 is shown in more detail in
The section according to line A-A from
As a result of the short distance from the permanent magnet elements 5, the magnetic fields emanating from the stator 2 can produce significantly larger forces and therefore torques in the electric motor 1 than with the solutions according to the prior art, of which one is shown by way of example in
An electric motor according to the prior art is shown in
Thus, while there have shown and described and pointed out fundamental novel features of the invention as applied to a preferred embodiment thereof, it will be understood that various omissions and substitutions and changes in the form and details of the devices illustrated, and in their operation, may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. For example, it is expressly intended that all combinations of those elements and/or method steps which perform substantially the same function in substantially the same way to achieve the same results are within the scope of the invention. Moreover, it should be recognized that structures and/or elements and/or method steps shown and/or described in connection with any disclosed form or embodiment of the invention may be incorporated in any other disclosed or described or suggested form or embodiment as a general matter of design choice. It is the intention, therefore, to be limited only as indicated by the scope of the claims appended hereto.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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10 2009 059 116.8 | Dec 2009 | DE | national |
This is a U.S. national stage of application No. PCT/EP2010/069876, filed on 16 Dec. 2010. Priority is claimed on German Application No.: 10 2009 059 116.8 filed 18 Dec. 2009, the content of which is incorporated here by reference.
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
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PCT/EP2010/069876 | 12/16/2010 | WO | 00 | 6/18/2012 |