Patent Application
20240294061
This patent application claims priority from Italian patent application no. 102023000003744 filed on Mar. 2, 2023, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
The present invention relates to an electric or hybrid car with improved passenger compartment, in particular of the four- or five-seater type, to which the following description will make explicit reference without losing generality.
As known, a car has two front wheels and two rear wheels and comprises an outer body and a passenger compartment, formed within the outer body between the front and rear wheels.
In particular, four- or five-seater cars are known wherein, along each flank, it is possible to access the passenger compartment through two doors provided with windows; the passenger compartment is thus delimited by four side doors, two at the front and two at the back, a front windscreen, a rear window and a roof.
In more detail, each flank defines a front side door compartment and a rear side door compartment to house the front side door and the rear side door respectively.
In this type of cars, it is usually used a pillar which separates the front side door compartment from the rear side door compartment and to which the rear side door is hinged.
The two opposite pillars have both a structural function of stiffening the car chassis as well as a support function of fixing the seat belt restraint systems for the driver's position and for the front passenger's position.
Cars are also known wherein the two pillars subdividing the front and rear side door compartments of the two flanks have been removed. Thus, on each side of the car, the two front and rear side doors close one on the other.
This solution, however, while being advantageous as it allows the driver and passengers to get into and out of the car more comfortably, given that a single side door compartment is present on each flank, has a number of drawbacks.
In particular, it is always required to open and close the side doors in sequence.
Further, the removal of the pillars leads to a chassis structural weakening resulting in the need to increase the weight of the whole car.
In addition, due to the lack of pillars on the two flanks, it is required to install seat belt restraint systems on the inner side of side doors, which are burdened on by a greater weight due to the grater dimension of the components installed therein and due to the need to bear the loads of the restraint systems.
As regards electric drive, different architectures for battery packs are known. High-performance sports cars often require the lower part of the vehicle chassis to have a shape such as to fulfil predetermined structural mechanical requirements. Therefore, it is difficult to combine stiffness requirements, suitable battery protection and concurrently to remove the side pillars which further weaken the structure.
The aim of the present invention is to make a car which can simply and cost-effectively overcome the drawbacks described above and related to cars of the known type.
According to the present invention a car is made according to what claimed in the independent claims that follow and preferably, in any one of the claims directly or indirectly depending on the independent claims.
The claims describe preferred embodiments of the present invention forming an integral part of the present disclosure.
The present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, which show a non-limiting embodiment, wherein:
In
The same numbers and the same reference letters in the figures identify the same elements or components with the same function.
In the context of the present disclosure, the term “second” component does not imply the presence of a “first” component. These terms are in fact used as labels to improve clarity and should not be understood in a limiting way.
The elements and features shown in the various preferred embodiments, including the drawings, may be combined with each other without thereby departing from the scope of protection of the present application as described below.
It should be noted that in the hereinafter description, expressions such as “superiorly”, “inferiorly”, “at the front”, “at the rear” and the like are used with reference to conditions of normal advancement of the road vehicle 1 along the normal advancement direction D.
As shown in the non-limiting embodiment of
The outer body 4 comprises, among other things, a floor 6, a front bonnet 7, a roof 8 and a windscreen 9 extending between the front bonnet 7 and the roof 8.
In particular, the floor 6 extends between the front wheels 2 and the rear wheels 3.
The outer body 4 further comprises two front flanks 10, extending at the opposite sides of the front bonnet 7, and two opposite rear flanks 11, aligned with, and spaced apart from, the respective front flanks 10.
Finally, the outer body 4 comprises a rear window 12 and a rear bonnet 13.
The windscreen 9 joins inferiorly with the front bonnet 7 and superiorly with the roof 8. The windscreen 9 is further laterally contained between the two windscreen pillars 14 which laterally protrude superiorly from the rear ends of the respective front flanks 10 up to touch the roof 8.
The rear window 12 joins inferiorly with the rear bonnet 13 and superiorly with the roof 8. The rear window 12 further extends between the rear flanks 11.
The passenger compartment 5 is thus bounded at the front by the windscreen 9 and at the rear by the rear window 12; in the example shown in the enclosed figures, the passenger compartment 5 comprises four positions thus defined:
The passenger compartment 5 could be two-seater, i.e. only comprising the front driver's position 15 and the front passenger's position 16.
Each driver's position 15 or front 16 or rear 17 passenger's position has a respective seat (of the known type and not shown).
The vehicle 1 comprises a battery pack 18 mounted at, in particular on board, the floor 6. The battery pack 18 comprises the electrochemical cells that globally define the battery of a powertrain system.
In particular, the battery pack 18 is incorporated in the floor 6, according to what disclosed in European Patent EP3674122, to which entire reference is made for what non disclosed hereinafter.
Preferably, the floor 6 comprises a front portion 19 and an opposite rear portion 20.
The front portion 19 supports, superiorly, the front seats, i.e. the driver's position 15 and the front passenger's position 16.
In the non-limiting embodiments of the enclosed figures, the battery pack 18 is subdivided in a front portion 21 and a rear portion 22, arranged on the front portion 19 and rear portion 20 of the floor 6 respectively.
In case there is no interest in rear positions 17, the rear position 22 of the battery pack 18 has a sensibly greater height than the height of thickness of the front portion 21 of the battery pack 18. This is due to the fact that the front part of the floor 6 is indeed under the passenger compartment 5, wherein the living space of the vehicle passengers is obtained and wherein the relative seats are housed.
Alternatively, the battery pack 18 is one piece, i.e. with no interruption between the front portion 21 and the rear portion 22.
Even if no thermal motor is shown in the herein attached figures, it can be housed at the front of the car, or at the rear of the battery pack, defining a configuration wherein the rear portion 22 is interposed between the thermal motor and the car seats.
The lower part of the floor 6 comprises a so-called bottom 23, which consists in a sheet made of metal or high-strength composite material. The bottom 23 is exposed outwardly and faces the ground on which the car 1 rests.
In the non-limiting embodiment of
Advantageously, the floor 6 comprises a vehicle chassis portion, wherein said portion comprises a structural composition with mutually complimentary triangles.
In particular, such chassis portion comprises a front cross-member 41 which extends from one side to the other of the car 1 between a driver's position 16 and command pedals and a central cross-member 29, which extends from one side to the other of the car and is immediately arranged behind or under the driver's position 16. The cross-members 29 and 41 are parallel to the transverse axis of the car 1.
At the rear portion 20, in particular inside the frame 25, the floor 6 comprises two oblique side members 26 which converge from the rear angles of the car 1 towards a central portion 27 of the floor 6, which, preferably, comprises a central node 28 wherein different structural elements of the vehicle chassis converge. Each of the side members 26 has an end mounted at the central node 28.
The term “oblique” refers respectively to the longitudinal axis X of the car.
In particular, the side members 26 (and also those hereinafter described), have a longitudinal shape preferably made by means of a tubular element with a square or rectangular section made of high-strength material. More particularly, unlike the other structural elements converging in the central node 28 which are described hereinafter, the oblique side members 26 are made in a single piece with the floor 6.
Preferably, also the frames 24 and 25 converge to the central node 28, thus stiffening the structure. Obviously, respective side members and cross-members could be arranged in the place of frames 24 and 25 to structurally provide the same kind of support.
In particular, in alternative or in addition, the car 1 comprises the central cross-member 29, which is parallel to the axis Y and is arranged so as to be crossed by the central node 28. Such a cross-member 29 is preferably, though non limitedly, defined by the portions of the frame 24 and 25 at the central portion 27.
At the front portion 19, in particular inside the frame 24, more in particular between the front cross-member 41 and the central cross-member 26, the floor 6 comprises two oblique side members 30 which converge from the front angles of the car 1 towards the central portion 27 of the floor 6, i.e. towards the central node 28. Each of the side members 26 has an end mounted at the central node 28.
Advantageously but non limitedly, the side members 26, 30 are fixed to the central node by fasteners of the known type (such as bolts or are welded) to the central node 28.
Therefore, the floor 6 comprises a composition with structural triangles given by the combination of the frames 25 and 25 with the side members 26, 30 and the possible cross-member 29.
In some non-limiting cases, the oblique side members 26, 30 are made in a single piece with the rest of the vehicle chassis. In other non-limiting cases, at least part of the floor 6 can be removed to replace at least part of the battery pack 18, for instance all the floor 6 or also only the front portion 19.
The oblique side members 26, 30 (especially the rear side members 26) are part of the vehicle chassis as, either removable or not, they cooperate therewith in order to absorb the stresses transferred to the chassis both by the suspensions, and possibly by an impact against external objects.
Inside the passenger compartment 5 there is also a central tunnel 31 arranged on the floor 6 and extending between a driver's position 15 and the front passenger's position 16 (i.e. at the front of the central node 28).
Advantageously, the car 1 further comprises inside the passenger compartment 5 a central pillar 32 extending between the floor 6 and the roof 8 and arranged at an intermediate longitudinal axis A of the passenger compartment 5 between the driver's position 15 and the front passenger's position 16.
In particular, the central node 28 lies at the centre of the car 1, i.e. at the longitudinal axis A.
Preferably, the central pillar 32 extends from the floor 6 to the roof 8. In particular, the central pillar 32 has a first end 33, integrally mounted (in particular fixed according to known techniques) to the central node 28, and a second end 34, mounted to the roof.
In particular, the central pillar 32 extends globally inside the passenger compartment 5.
Preferably, thus, at least one end of the four side members 26, 30 and of the central pillar 32 converges at the central node 28.
In the specific case shown in the enclosed figures, the central pillar 32 has a main portion 35 shaped as a plate (in particular as a flattened column or truncated-cone), parallel to the longitudinal axis A, and an upper end portion 36 which widens (or branches out) towards the roof 8 from the main portion 35.
The central pillar 32 is further interposed between respective seatbacks of the front seats and extends from the central node 28 towards the roof 8 inclined at the rear.
Thanks to the arrangement of the central pillar 32 inside the passenger compartment 5, each front flank 10 and the corresponding rear flank 11 delimit between them and with the floor 6 and the roof 8 a single totally free side door compartment 37, i.e. the port of which has no interruptions.
Each side door compartment 37 is also delimited laterally by the respective windscreen pillar 14.
Preferably, as visible in the example of the enclosed figures, the roof 8 has a central portion 38 that is laterally tapered relative to a front portion 39 and a rear portion 40; the central pillar 32 is arranged at the tapered central portion 38 of the roof 8.
Advantageously, the central pillar 32 defines along its opposite sides respective anchorage mountings for seat belts restraint systems (known in themselves and not shown) for the driver's position 15 and the front passenger's position 16.
Advantageously, the anchorage between the first end 33 of the pillar 32 to the central node 28 makes it possible to further stiffen the car 1 structure, providing a stable and robust anchorage point for the central pillar 32, which thereby defines a rigid connection between the floor 6 (and the battery pack 18) and the roof 8.
After examining the characteristics of the car 1 made according to the present invention, the advantages that it allows to obtain are evident.
In particular, in the herein set forth solution, the central pillar 32, which subdivided the side door compartments in the known solutions, is not removed but is placed at the centre of the passenger compartment 5.
It is therefore possible to make a single side door compartment 37 for each side of the car 1 (facilitating access into and exit out of the passenger compartment 5, in case of 5-seater vehicle) without the undesired consequences. In fact, the central pillar 32 can still be used to anchor the seat belt restraint systems for the driver's 15 and the front passenger's 16 positions; the only difference from the known cars is that the driver's seat belts are placed on the right rather than on the left (for a car with the driver's position on the left) and the opposite occurs for the passenger placed at the front. This change affects very little the driver and the passengers as the positioning inversion of the seat belts already occurs in all the cars when passing from left seats to right seats relative to the centre line.
Furthermore, positioning the pillar 32 at the centre of the car 1 allows to strengthen the part of the roof 8 which is traditionally very weak, allowing for an improved architecture for the chassis/shell of the car 1.
In addition, it is clear that connecting the central pillar 32 directly to the central node 28 allows to make a further robust and improved structure in case of electric or hybrid vehicles. In particular, such a solution allows to maintain the required structural stiffness reducing the overall weight of the car, which would otherwise require a heavier central pillar and central tunnel.
Although the above-described invention makes particular reference to a very precise embodiment, it shall not be deemed as limited to that embodiment, since all those variations, modifications or simplifications covered by the appended Claims, such as a different shape of the floor, a different way of connecting side members o a different battery pack, fall within its scope.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 102023000003744 | Mar 2023 | IT | national |
