Patent Grant
11682871
The present disclosure relates to an electrical connector, in particular to an electrical connector comprising a coding housing for electrical and mechanical connection to a compatible connector and comprising a plug body for electrical and mechanical connection to an electrical assembly.
The present disclosure also relates to a method for assembling an electrical connector, in particular to a method for assembling an electrical connector which has a coding housing for electrical and mechanical connection to a compatible connector and has a plug body for electrical and mechanical connection to an electrical assembly.
Connectors serve to establish an electrical and mechanical connection to a correspondingly compatible or complementary further connector. A connector may be a plug, a socket, a coupling or an adapter. The term “connector” used within the scope of the present disclosure is representative of all variants.
Connectors are usually secured on printed circuit boards (PCBs), as interfaces to device housings or to electrical cables and facilitate access to electrical signals (data and/or electrical power supply) of the corresponding electrical assembly. To this end, the connectors generally have a plug body which is electrically and mechanically connected to the electrical assembly, for example a printed circuit board. A coding housing, which essentially serves for connection to a compatible connector, generally adjoins the plug body. The coding housing therefore constitutes the interface to the compatible connector and, to this end, is matched to the compatible connector for example in terms of the arrangement and number of electrical contact bodies and/or signal conductors/inner conductors and earth conductors/outer conductors and also in respect of its mechanical coding.
In principle, connectors should be designed to be mechanically robust and, respectively, have a long service life. In particular, the connectors should be able to withstand several insertion and removal operations or forces acting in or counter to the insertion direction, forces acting orthogonally in relation to the insertion direction and torsion forces without being damaged here. In addition, a connector should provide good electrical properties, including ensuring a sufficiently high degree of electromagnetic shielding, low contact resistances and vibration-resistant contact-connection, primarily if the connector is intended to be suitable for radiofrequency technology.
In light of this background, the present disclosure aims to provide an improved electrical connector which is particularly suitable for advantageously absorbing mechanical forces along or counter to the insertion direction, wherein the connector is as insensitive as possible to manufacturing tolerances.
The present disclosure furthermore aims to provide a method for assembling an electrical connector, as a result of which, in particular, a mechanically robust electrical connector which is insensitive to tolerances can be provided.
In light of these aims, the present disclosure teaches a connector assembly, comprising a first connector; a second connector; and a third connector, wherein said first connector is matingly engageable with said second connector by a motion of said first connector in a first direction defined by said second connector, said third connector is matingly engageable with said second connector by a motion of said third connector in a second direction defined by said second connector, said second direction differing from said first direction, and in an engaged state of said second connector and said first connector, said second connector resists separation from said first connector in response to a force in any direction parallel to said second direction.
In light of these aims, the present disclosure moreover teaches an electrical connector assembly method, comprising matingly engaging a first connector with a second connector by a motion of said first connector in a first direction defined by said second connector, and matingly engaging a third connector with said second connector by a motion of said third connector in a second direction defined by said second connector, said second direction differing from said first direction, wherein said first connector and said second connector are configured such that, in an engaged state of said second connector and said first connector, said second connector resists separation from said first connector in response to a force in any direction parallel to said second direction.
The electrical connector according to the present disclosure may comprise a coding housing for electrical and mechanical connection to a compatible connector and comprises a plug body for electrical and mechanical connection to an electrical assembly, wherein the compatible connector can be connected to the coding housing along an insertion direction.
The coding housing is designed in such a way that the compatible connector can be electrically and mechanically connected to the coding housing in the insertion direction.
Therefore, the coding housing can provide a mechanical coding for the compatible connector or for a corresponding coding housing of the compatible connector. The coding housing therefore constitutes the plug-side part of the connector.
The coding housing is preferably formed from a plastic or from an electrically non-conductive material.
The insertion direction of the compatible connector usually runs along or at least in parallel to the center axis or the longitudinal axis of the coding housing of the electrical connector.
The electrical assembly to which the plug body can be connected may be, for example, an electrical cable, an adapter part, a device housing or preferably an electrical printed circuit board. In principle, the invention is not intended to be understood as being restricted to use with a specific electrical assembly. For simplification purposes, the teachings of the present disclosure are described below substantially with reference to a printed circuit board or printed circuit connector, the plug body of which is electrically and mechanically connected to an electrical assembly which is designed as a printed circuit board. It goes without saying that this is not intended to be understood as being limiting.
According to the present disclosure, the coding housing and the plug body have a mechanical connecting device. In this case, it is provided that the connecting device is designed in order to connect the coding housing and the plug body to one another in an interlocking manner in the insertion direction, wherein the connecting device prespecifies an assembly movement, which differs from the insertion direction, in order to connect the coding housing and the plug body to one another.
Therefore, the coding housing is not mounted onto the plug body along the insertion direction. In this way, an interlocking connection can advantageously be provided in the insertion direction.
The coding housing can be fitted onto the plug body along an assembly path which differs from a path which the compatible connector has to follow during insertion into the coding housing.
On account of the connecting device of the coding housing and of the plug body providing an interlocking connection at least in the insertion direction, the coding housing can then no longer be moved relative to the plug body along one degree of freedom in the insertion direction; the coding housing and the plug body are connected to one another in an interlocking or fixed manner in the insertion direction. In this case, possible tolerances or play of the connecting device can be ignored and do not have a disruptive effect on the interlocking connection. One particular advantage is that no additional latching means or the like are required for connecting the coding housing to the plug body in an interlocking manner (in the insertion direction).
Owing to the connecting device, traction forces which are produced particularly when the compatible connector which is inserted into the coding housing is pulled, and also sometimes even transverse force components with respect to the insertion direction, can be transmitted to the plug body which, for its part, is connected to the electrical assembly in a fixed manner. Therefore, a critical traction force can advantageously be absorbed by means of the electrical assembly. This solution prevents the connection between the coding housing and the plug body being damaged or released when traction forces occur.
The connection between the coding housing and the plug body is extraordinarily robust in or counter to the insertion direction, in particular compared with an only force-fitting connection of the prior art.
Furthermore, the connecting device may comprise a rail system, wherein the coding housing and the plug body each have at least one guide rail, which guide rails correspond to one another and together form the rail system.
Instead of a rail system, any desired guide which ensures that at least the degree of freedom in the insertion direction is blocked when the coding housing is connected to the plug body can also be provided.
A rail system has proven to be particularly advantageous in order to fit the coding housing onto the plug body with a pushing-on assembly movement, wherein the assembly movement differs from the insertion direction of the compatible connector.
Owing to a rail system, a further interlocking connection may optionally be provided orthogonally in relation to the insertion direction, as a result of which even two degrees of translatory freedom between the coding housing and the plug body can be blocked.
As an alternative or in addition, a connecting device in the form of a bayonet fitting can also be provided, as a result of which the coding housing can be fitted onto the plug body by virtue of a rotational assembly movement. However, for the purpose of simplifying assembly, a connecting device in the form of a rail system is preferred.
In some embodiments, it can be provided that two guide rails which run in parallel and on opposite sides are arranged in the coding housing and in the plug body in each case.
In principle, any desired number of guide rails can be provided in the coding housing and the plug body, in particular even only one single guide rail in the coding housing and the plug body in each case.
However, particularly good guidance can be achieved by virtue of at least two guide rails which run in parallel in the coding housing and in the plug body in each case. In this case, it may be particularly advantageous (but not absolutely necessary) to space the guide rails which run in parallel as far from one another as possible, in particular to provide two guide rails at opposite ends of one side of the coding housing and two corresponding guide rails at opposite ends of one side of the plug body. Therefore, guide rails which run in parallel are preferably provided at the ends/edges of the sides of the coding housing and of the plug body which are to be combined.
The guide rails can, for example, correspond to one another by firstly (in the coding housing or in the plug body) a groove and secondly (in the plug body or in the coding housing) a web which engages behind the groove being provided. As an alternative or in addition, a rail system can also be realized by a clamp-like design of the coding housing or of the plug body, as a result of which the respective mating piece can be directly guided.
In some embodiments, it can be provided that the connecting device comprises an end stop which defines an end position of the coding housing on the plug body for the assembly movement.
The assembly process, in particular the orientation of the coding housing and of the plug body relative to one another in preparation for possible further assembly steps, can be particularly advantageously carried out by the use of an end stop. The end stop can preferably be configured in such a way that the coding housing can be pushed onto the plug body only as far as an intended end position. Therefore, a further interlocking connection can be provided. Therefore, in combination with a rail system, it can be provided that only one degree of translatory freedom remains between the coding housing and the plug body after the pushing-on operation, as a result of which only a movement of the coding housing on the plug body counter to the pushing-on direction is possible.
In some embodiments, it can particularly be provided that the assembly movement takes place along an assembly angle, wherein the assembly angle is 30° to 150°, preferably 45° to 135°, particularly preferably 80° to 100° and very particularly preferably 90°, relative to the insertion direction.
An assembly movement, for example a pushing-on operation along a rail system, orthogonally or at least approximately orthogonally in relation to the insertion direction of the compatible connector is particularly suitable. When a rail system which is oriented orthogonally or through 90° in relation to the insertion direction is used, a particularly suitable interlocking connection in the insertion direction can be inherently produced as a result.
In some embodiments, recesses for at least one contact body can be provided in the coding housing and in the plug body in order to introduce the at least one contact body into the plug body through the coding housing in the insertion direction, wherein the contact body and the recesses are created in such a way that the coding housing and the plug body are fixed in their position by virtue of the insertion of the contact body.
The at least one contact body can be arranged in or preferably clamped into the recesses of the coding housing or of the plug body in such a way that the coding housing can no longer be moved on the plug body and, respectively, can no longer be removed from the said plug body.
The contact body may be any desired electrical conductor which can be used, for example, as an inner conductor or signal conductor or, in particular, as an outer conductor or earth conductor of the inventive connector.
The positioning of the coding housing relative to the plug body can therefore be defined by the at least one contact body.
In principle, the contact body does not necessarily have to be introduced along the insertion direction, but rather can also be introduced along an angle which is 30° to 150°, preferably 45° to 135° and particularly preferably 80° to 100° relative to the assembly movement. However, the angle is very particularly preferably 90° and runs along the insertion direction.
The contact body and the corresponding recesses for the contact body can have any desired geometry, in particular the at least one contact body can have a round, a rectangular (in particular square) or any other cross section. The contact body can be of solid or hollow construction, in particular of tubular form, and can possibly also be called a contact sleeve.
On account of the connecting device providing an interlocking connection in the insertion direction and therefore blocking at least the degree of translatory freedom in the insertion direction, all remaining degrees of freedom can be blocked by the introduction of the at least one contact body in the insertion direction. The coding housing and the plug body are therefore preferably connected to one another in an interlocking manner in all spatial directions after the introduction of the contact body.
In addition to fixing the relative position between the coding housing and the plug body, optimum orientation of the contact body in relation to the plug body can also take place owing to the introduction of the at least one contact body. Since the at least one contact body is directly electrically and mechanically connected to the plug body by passing through the recess in the coding housing, the tolerance chain for the connector can be substantially improved. Finally, it is possible to ensure narrow tolerances in the interface and, respectively, in the connector without particular measures having to be taken during the production of the connector. Therefore, the production of the electrical connector can be particularly economical.
A contact end stop can be provided in the plug body for the at least one contact body. As an alternative or in addition, the at least one contact body can have a cross section which is preferably gradually reduced in the direction of the plug body in order to itself form a stop for the pushing-in operation if the recess or recesses in the contact body has or have a larger diameter than the corresponding recess or recesses in the plug body.
In some embodiments, it can be provided that the plug body is designed to receive one or more inner conductor parts, wherein the at least one contact body is designed as a tubular outer conductor and to receive at least one of the several inner conductor parts.
Therefore, at least one coaxial line or one shield of one or more inner conductors can advantageously be provided by a contact body, which is designed as an outer conductor, within the electrical connector.
In some embodiments, it can further be provided that the coding housing and/or the plug body are/is designed in order to receive one to ten contact bodies, preferably two to six contact bodies and very particularly preferably four contact bodies.
In particular, the teachings of the present invention can be used with one contact body, two contact bodies or four contact bodies, in particular when the contact body is designed as a tubular outer conductor for receiving a corresponding number of inner conductors.
In some embodiments, it can also be provided that the plug body is designed from metal, preferably as a die-cast zinc part, and is electrically conductively connected to the at least one contact body.
Particularly when the at least one contact body is used as an outer conductor, the design of the plug body from metal is particularly advantageous for jointly making contact with all of the contact bodies and for electromagnetically shielding the inner conductor parts which are passed through the plug body.
In some embodiments, the plug body can be, as already mentioned above, designed for electrical and mechanical connection to an electrical assembly which is designed as a printed circuit board, electrical cable, adapter part or device housing.
An adapter part is intended to be understood to mean, in particular, an adapter coding housing which has, for example, a mechanical coding, which differs from the compatible connector, or electrical configuration and into which a corresponding connector can be inserted. In this case, the adapter coding housing can possibly also be connected to the plug body of the connector by means of a further mechanical connecting device, for which purpose a further rail system can be provided for example.
In some embodiments, the coding housing may have latching means for latching connection to the compatible connector.
In this way, it is possible to prevent undesired traction forces counter to the insertion direction leading to unplugging of the compatible connector and rather being transmitted to the coding housing and, by way of the connecting device, directly to the plug body and therefore to the electrical assembly and being captured.
The plug body and/or the coding housing can be designed in a straight or angled manner; the teachings of the present disclosure can therefore be equally used for a straight and for an angled connector. The only important factor as taught in this disclosure is that the assembly movement for the coding housing and the plug body differs from the insertion direction of the compatible connector.
The teachings of the present disclosure can also be advantageously used for providing a modular construction set comprising coding housings which can be connected to a uniform plug body by a fitter as required. Therefore, the fitter can very easily create different configurations or variations of the electrical connector with the same and possibly even pre-mounted plug body.
It can be provided that, in addition to the at least one inner conductor part, an insulating material layer which surrounds the inner conductor part is introduced at least into the plug body, which insulating material layer holds the at least one inner conductor part in position and prevents short circuits with further inner conductor parts and/or an earth line.
The teachings of the present disclosure are not restricted to a specific type of connector or to a specific connector, yet are particularly suitable for manufacturing RF cables. In this case, the connector can preferably be designed as an RF connector, in particular as a PL connector, BNC connector, TNC connector, SMBA(FAKRA) connector, N connector, 7/16 connector, SMA connector, SMB connector, SMS connector, SMC connector, SMP connector, BMS connector, HFM connector, HSD connector, BMK connector, mini coax connector or Makax connector.
The teachings of the present disclosure also relate to a method for assembling an electrical connector which has a coding housing for electrical and mechanical connection to a compatible connector and a plug body for electrical and mechanical connection to an electrical assembly, wherein the coding housing is mechanically connected to the plug body in one assembly step.
In the method according to the present disclosure, it is provided that the assembly step for establishing the mechanical connection between the coding housing and the plug body comprises an assembly movement of the coding housing relative to the plug body, by way of which assembly movement the coding housing and the plug body are connected to one another in an interlocking manner in the insertion direction of the compatible connector.
Features which have already been described in connection with the connector can of course also be advantageously implemented for the method and, respectively, for the connector system still to be described below—and vice versa. Furthermore, advantages which have already been mentioned in connection with the connector can also be understood to relate to the method and, respectively, to the connector system—and vice versa.
In some embodiments of the method, it can be provided that the assembly movement comprises pushing the coding housing onto the plug body and/or rotating the coding housing in relation to the plug body.
In some embodiments of the method, it can particularly be provided that the coding housing is pushed onto the plug body using the abovementioned rail system, wherein the coding housing and the plug body each have at least one guide rail, which guide rails correspond to one another.
In some embodiments of the method, it can be particularly provided that the pushing-on operation takes place along an assembly angle, wherein the assembly angle is 30° to 150°, preferably 45° to 135°, particularly preferably 80° to 100° and very particularly preferably 90°, relative to the insertion direction.
In respect of rotation of the coding housing, a connecting device in the form of a bayonet fitting can be provided.
In some embodiments of the method, it can be provided that, in a further assembly step, at least one contact body is introduced through corresponding recesses in the coding housing and in the plug body in the insertion direction in such a way that the relative position between the coding housing and the plug body is fixed.
Fine adjustment of the connector can advantageously be performed by using or by introducing the at least one contact body.
In some embodiments, it can be particularly provided that the at least one contact body is pressed, soldered, welded, fused and/or adhesively bonded in the recess of the plug body.
The at least one contact body, which is preferably a contact sleeve, is preferably pressed into the recesses of the plug body.
Here, the manner of fastening the contact body in the plug body is less important than that the at least one contact body is introduced such that the corresponding force-fitting connection (and/or cohesive connection) of the at least one contact body to the plug body exceeds the traction force which acts on the contact body when the compatible connector is unplugged. The contact body can therefore be securely held in position in the plug body.
In some embodiments, it can be provided that, in a further assembly step, at least one inner conductor part is passed through the plug body and received by the at least one contact body.
In a further assembly step, the electrical connector can be fastened to the electrical assembly. By way of example, output-side contacts can be soldered to a printed circuit board or crimped to stranded wires of an electrical cable, as a result of which electrical contact can also be made at the same time.
In principle—depending on the design of the connector—a different order of the described assembly steps can also be provided. By way of example, the plug body can possibly already be pre-mounted on the electrical assembly.
The teachings of the present disclosure also relate to a connector system comprising an electrical connector according to the above embodiments, a compatible connector for electrical and mechanical connection to a coding housing of the connector and an electrical assembly for electrical and mechanical connection to a plug body of the connector.
The present invention and, respectively, the connector according to the invention, the method according to the invention and the connector system according to the invention can be particularly advantageously used in a vehicle. Here, the term “vehicle” describes any means of transportation, in particular land vehicles, watercraft or aircraft, including spacecraft.
It should be noted that the terms such as “comprising”, “have” or “having” do not preclude other features or steps. Furthermore, terms such as “a” or “the” which refer to a singular step or feature do not preclude several steps or features.
Exemplary embodiments of the invention are described in more detail below with reference to the drawing. The figures respectively show preferred exemplary embodiments in which individual features of the present invention are illustrated in combination with one another. Features of one exemplary embodiment can also be implemented in a manner detached from the other features of the same exemplary embodiment and can accordingly be readily combined by a person skilled in the art with features of other exemplary embodiments to form further expedient combinations and subcombinations.
In the figures, elements having an identical function are provided with the same reference symbols.
In the Drawings:
The compatible connector 3 can be connected to the coding housing 4 along an insertion direction A, indicated by corresponding arrows in the figures, along the axis Ax. The axis Ax is preferably (as is the case in the exemplary embodiment) the longitudinal axis of the coding housing 4.
The compatible connector 3 is illustrated using dashed lines by way of example in
In the exemplary embodiment, the compatible connector 3 and the coding housing 4 each have latching means 7 for mutually latching connection. However, the said latching means can, in principle, also be dispensed with or be designed in some other way. The coding housing 4 of the connector 2 can have a mechanical coding and an electrical configuration, which corresponds to the compatible connector 3 or to a coding housing of the compatible connector 3, in order to forward electrical signals (data and power supply) in as optimum a manner as possible and in order to ensure that only a compatible connector 3 can be plug-connected to the connector 2.
The plug body 6 of the embodiment of
The coding housing 4 and the plug body 6 have a mechanical connecting device 8 which is designed in order to connect the coding housing 4 and the plug body 6 to one another in an interlocking manner in the insertion direction A, wherein the connecting device 8 prespecifies an assembly movement B, which differs from the insertion direction A, for the coding housing 4 and the plug body 6 (indicated by corresponding arrows in the figures). The connecting device 8 is arranged in the region of the connecting faces 13 of the coding housing 4 and, respectively, of the plug body 6 which are intended to be mechanically connected to one another.
Therefore, during the course of a method for assembling the connector 2, the coding housing 4 can be mechanically connected to the plug body 6 in one assembly step, but usually not necessarily in the first assembly step. This assembly step for establishing the mechanical connection between the coding housing 4 and the plug body 6 in this case comprises an assembly movement B by way of which the coding housing 4 and the plug body 6 are connected to one another in an interlocking manner in the insertion direction A of the compatible connector 3.
The assembly movement B can comprise pushing the coding housing 4 onto the plug body 6 and/or rotating the coding housing 4 in relation to the plug body 6. Only the preferred variant of the pushing-on operation is illustrated in the exemplary embodiments, but this is not intended to be understood to be limiting.
In the exemplary embodiment, the connecting device 8 is designed as a rail system, wherein the coding housing 4 and the plug body 6 have guide rails 9, 10 which correspond to one another and which together form the rail system and, respectively, the connecting device 8. Therefore, the coding housing 4 is pushed onto the plug body 6 using the said rail system. One of the hidden guide rails 10 of the plug body 6 is indicated as a dashed line in
It can be provided that the mounting movement B or pushing the coding housing onto the plug body takes place along an assembly angle α, wherein the assembly angle α is 30° to 150°, preferably 45° to 135°, particularly preferably 80° to 100° and very particularly preferably 90°, relative to the insertion direction A. In the exemplary embodiment, an assembly angle α of 90° is used throughout, this having proven particularly suitable for the interlocking connection in the insertion direction A. However, this is not intended to be understood to be limiting. In principle, any desired assembly angles α can be provided. The only important factor is that the pushing-on operation or the assembly movement B does not take place in the insertion direction A of the compatible connector 3. In principle, the pushing-on operation can also take place along a specific assembly path and does not have to have a strictly linear profile, as illustrated in the exemplary embodiment.
The connector 2 illustrated in
Furthermore, recesses 11 for at least one contact body 12, which is still to be described below, are provided in the coding housing 4 and in the plug body 6, the said recesses preferably being oriented towards one another in an end position of the coding housing 4.
In principle, the assembly movement B, in particular in respect of a pushing-on operation along a rail system, can take place in any desired direction (except for in or counter to the insertion direction A). This is illustrated by way of example in
In
As already indicated above, the invention and, respectively, the connector 2 may be suitable for a large number of applications. For example, the plug body 6 of the connector 2, which is shown in an angular embodiment in
In principle, any desired guide can be provided, but a rail system is particularly suitable. Finally, the rail system can be realized in virtually any desired manner, for example, as illustrated in
As shown in
All of the contact bodies 12 are mounted in the electrical connector 2 in
The at least one contact body 12 can be introduced by being pressed, soldered, welded, fused and/or adhesively bonded in the plug body 6 or the receptacle 11 thereof. The at least one contact body 12 is preferably pressed in the plug body 6 or the associated receptacle 11.
The cross section of the contact body 12 can have a stepped design, as illustrated, in such a way that a stop is formed, which stop limits the pushing-in of the contact body 12 into the receptacle 11 of the plug body 6.
The at least one contact body 12 can preferably be designed as a tubular outer conductor or as a contact sleeve and for receiving in each case at least one inner conductor part 19 (cf.
In a preferably further assembly step, the one inner conductor part 19 or the plurality of inner conductor parts 19 can be introduced into the connector 2. The said inner conductor parts can preferably be pushed into the contact bodies 12, which are designed as contact sleeves, from the rear side of the plug body 6. The inner conductor parts 19—depending on the embodiment of the connector 2 as a straight or angled connector 2—can likewise be of straight or angled design. A dielectric (not illustrated) can preferably be provided for establishing electrical insulation between the inner conductor parts 19.
A connector 2 which is assembled in such a way is then usually electrically and mechanically connected to the electrical assembly, in the present case a printed circuit board 5. This is indicated in
Although the present invention has been described above in full on the basis of preferred exemplary embodiments, it is not limited thereto but able to be modified in many ways.
The present disclosure may be summarized as disclosing, inter alia, the following Embodiments.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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| 10 2017 123 080.7 | Oct 2017 | DE | national |
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| Number | Date | Country | |
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| 20210344147 A1 | Nov 2021 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 16827810 | Mar 2020 | US |
| Child | 17376230 | US | |
| Parent | 16150315 | Oct 2018 | US |
| Child | 16827810 | US |
