The present invention relates to a rotating electrical machine control unit and power generation system, particular to a control unit and power generation system of a doubly-fed machine.
Doubly-fed machine has conventionally been used as the generator for an aerogeneration system. It is a generator-motor, equipped with 3-phase winding laid in slots provided at equal distance on the stator and rotor, that is operated at variable speed by applying variable-frequency alternating current power particularly to the secondary of the generator-motor. As disclosed in the Japanese Application Patent Laid-Open Publication No. Hei 05-284798 (hereinafter called the Patent Document 1), the doubly-fed machine like the above has a resolver for detecting a rotating position, slip frequency which is the differential between the primary frequency and secondary frequency is calculated, and the output is controlled by a power converter.
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Application Patent Laid-Open Publication No. Hei 05-284798
According to the prior art, cost increase of the generator has been inevitable because of the necessity of resolver for detecting a rotating position, which is very expensive, and noise suppression of the rotating position signal line. In addition, the reliability is lower because of increased chances of failure. The present invention is capable of controlling a doubly-fed machine without using a rotor position sensor such as resolver, and accordingly cost increase due to the use of a rotor position sensor such as resolver in a doubly-fed machine can be prevented.
A characteristic of the present invention is to calculate a command value of the voltage to be applied to the rotor winding based on the voltage of the stator winding, current of the stator winding, and current of the rotor winding.
Another characteristic of the present invention is to calculate the information relating to the rotor position based on the voltage of the stator winding, current of the stator winding, and current of the rotor winding.
Other characteristics of the present invention are explained in detail hereunder.
According to the present invention, cost increase due to the use of a rotor position sensor such as resolver in a doubly-fed machine can be prevented.
An embodiment of the present invention is described hereunder, using figures.
As shown in
The rotor winding 6 of the doubly-fed machine 4 is electrically connected with an exciter 7 and the rotor winding 6 is alternatingly excited by the exciter 7. The exciter 7 comprises an indirect alternating current converter, consisting of converter 8 and inverter 9, which once converts alternating current power to direct current power and then converts the direct current power to the alternating power of desired frequency.
The converter 8 is controlled by a converter controlling apparatus 30 that generates a gate signal based on the electric power system voltage V1 detected by a system voltage detector 21, output voltage of the inverter 8 detected by a current detector 26, and direct current voltage Vdc of the exciter 7.
The inverter 9 is driven by a gate signal generated by a PWM modulator 50. This gate signal is generated in the circuitry explained below. The secondary current I2 of the doubly-fed machine (current through the stator winding) detected by an exciting current detector 25 is converted into Iα and Iβ by a 3-phase/2-phase converter 41, and the d-axis current and q-axis current exhibited on a dq-axis rotating coordinate when the rotor position θs obtained from a rotating position calculator 20 is transformed in terms of the coordinate by a rotating coordinate transformer 42 are called Id and Iq, respectively. When the rotor position θs is in the same phase as with the induced electromotive force due to slip, the d-axis current Id represents the excitation component and the q-axis current Iq represents the torque component.
A practical manner for the above is to convert 3-phase secondary current I2 (I2u, I2v, I2w) into (Iα, Iβ, I0) using Expression 1 below on the 2-phase winding (α, β, 0) of the rotor.
Next, based on Expression 2, (Iα, Iβ, I0) is transformed into a rotating coordinate (Id, Iq, I0) using the rotor position θs. This is nothing but the definition of a general dq transformation.
The electric power system voltage V1 detected by the system voltage detector 21 is changed into scalar V by a system voltage detector 43, and the deviation between the voltage control command value V* and V is inputted into an alternating-current voltage controller 44 so as to obtain a d-axis current command value Id*. The alternating-current voltage controller 44 shall preferably be an ordinary PI controller.
The primary current I1 of the doubly-fed machine 4 (current through the stator winding) detected by a primary current detector 22 and the electric power system voltage V1 are changed into scalar power P by an effective power detector 45, and the deviation between the power control command value P* and P* is inputted into an effective power controller 46 so as to obtain a q-axis current command value Iq*. The effective power controller 46 shall preferably be an ordinal PI controller.
Each deviation between the d-axis current Id and d-axis current command value Id* and between the q-axis current Iq and q-axis current command value Iq* are inputted into a current controller 47 so as to obtain a d-axis voltage command value Vd* and q-axis voltage command value Vq*, respectively. The current controller 47 shall preferably be an ordinary PI controller.
From these voltage command values and rotating position θs obtained from the rotating position calculator 20, 2-phase voltage command values Vα* and Vβ* are obtained respectively using an rotating coordinate inverse transformer 48, and also 3-phase voltage command values Vu*, Vv*, and Vw* are obtained respectively using a 2-phase/3-phase converter. To be concrete, an inverse transformation in Expression 1 and Expression 2 is performed, and then a dq transformation is performed.
The inverter 9 is controlled using these 3-phase voltage command values and gate signal generated by the PWM modulator 50.
Description about the rotating position calculator 20 is given below, using
V1=(R1+jωL1)İ1+ė0 [Expression 3]
V′2=ė0−(R′2+jωSL′2)İ′2 [Expression 4]
İ
0
=İ′
2
−İ
1 [Expression 6]
A symbol marked with dot “•” on its top is a scalar and marked with dash “′” is a primary conversion value. In the expressions, j is an imaginary unit, L1 is inductance, R1 is primary resistance, L2 is secondary leak inductance, R2 is secondary resistance, RM is no-load loss resistance, LM is excitation inductance, e0 is induced electromotive force, I0 is excitation current, ω is output frequency, and ωs is slip frequency.
Accordingly, the slip frequency ωs can be obtained by inputting the detected electric power system voltage V1, primary current I1, secondary excitation voltage V2, secondary current I2 and system frequency ω into the rotating position calculator 20. When R<<L applies in Expressions 3 to 7, the primary resistance and secondary resistance can be neglected. A way for finding the slip frequency ωs using the secondary excitation voltage V2 has been explained herein, but the voltage command values Vu*, Vv* and Vw* can be used instead of the secondary excitation voltage V2.
In order to decide the initial value of the slip frequency θs at the rotor position θs in case the switch 101 is open, the transformation shown in
According to the above embodiment of the present invention, wherein a doubly-fed machine is controlled without using a rotor position sensor such as resolver, it becomes possible to efficiently control the generator without using a rotor position sensor such as resolver on the doubly-fed machine, and accordingly cost increase of a rotating machine can be prevented. In addition, any noise suppression means is not necessary for the rotor position sensor.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
---|---|---|---|
2004-004900 | Jan 2004 | JP | national |
This application is a Continuation and claims priority of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/360,874, filed Feb. 23, 2006, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,157,804 B2, which is a Continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/923,195, filed Aug. 20, 2004, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,095,133 B2, which claims priority of Japanese Patent Application Serial No. 2004-004900, filed on Jan. 13, 2004.
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Number | Date | Country |
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05-284798 | Oct 1993 | JP |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
Parent | 11360874 | Feb 2006 | US |
Child | 11599581 | US | |
Parent | 10923195 | Aug 2004 | US |
Child | 11360874 | US |