ELECTRICALLY AND/OR THERMALLY INSULATED ANTI-FRICTION BEARING

Abstract

An anti-friction bearing, which has an outer ring, an inner ring and rolling bodies that are arranged between the rings, distributed over a circumference of the rings, and roll on the rings. For an increase of thermal insulation, electrical insulation and the like, a film section, which is manufactured without the removal of material from a plastic film, is attached on an outer circumference of the outer ring over at least part of an axial width of the outer ring and at least over part of an outer circumference of the outer ring.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to an anti-friction bearing comprising an outer ring, an inner ring and rolling bodies which are arranged between them, are distributed over the circumference and roll thereon.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Anti-friction bearings of this type, for example deep-grooved ball bearings and the like, have long been known. In order to insulate these anti-friction bearings thermally with respect to the component to be supported, for example in a dual-mass flywheel of a drivetrain, insulating elements of plastics material are inserted between the outer ring and the component to be supported, DE 42 14 655 A1, for example, shows a dual-mass flywheel in which the two flywheel masses are mounted rotatably on one another by means of a thermally insulated anti-friction bearing. In this case an intermediate layer of plastics material is inserted between the outer ring and the second flywheel mass, which layer has to be expensively finished by machining in order to be adapted to the contours of the anti-friction bearing.

Furthermore, there are known anti-friction bearings which have an outer ring to which plastics material is applied by a spraying method, is then sinter-fused thereon and has to be machined in order to produce the desired contour.

DE 1.0 2005 055 039 A1 discloses an anti-friction bearing having plastics caps applied to both side faces of the outer ring and tensioned with respect to the outer ring by means of ceramic or plastics material.

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

It is the object of the invention to develop generic anti-friction bearings in an advantageous manner with regard to achieving a structure which is easy to handle and inexpensive, and is thermally and/or electrically insulating,

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The object is achieved according to the invention by an anti-friction bearing comprising an outer ring, an inner ring and rolling bodies which are arranged between them, are distributed over the circumference and roll thereon, wherein a film section produced without removal of material from a plastics film is applied to the external circumference of the outer ring over at least a part of the axial width thereof and over at least a part of the external circumference thereof.

Plastics films having the desired dimension, for example a material thickness of less than 1 mm, preferably less than 0.75 mm, are produced on an industrial scale and can be procured at low cost in the form of prefabricated product. In this case, rings open on one side and made of flat film material can be applied to the external diameter. Alternatively, the circumferential ends of such rings can be closed, for example positively by clinching, before or after application. Furthermore, the plastics film may be used as a hose product with predefined diameter and pulled onto the external diameter. The use of strips of film cut to the predefined length of the external diameter of the outer ring and adapted to the axial width thereof or to the desired axial covering of the outer ring, has proved especially advantageous. As a result of the easily reproducible thickness of plastics films within the range of a few micrometers, sufficient dimensional accuracy of the external diameter of the outer ring after application of the film section is achieved without finishing thereof. With the use of the film sections, not only is good thermal insulation of the outer ring with respect to the component to be supported achieved, it has also been found that a high degree of protection against fretting corrosion resulting from tribological stress is obtained, especially in the case of movable bearings.

As plastics materials, polyether ketones, and preferably polyether ether ketone (PEEK), which has sufficient thermal stability in the region of 300° C., have proved especially suitable. The plastics films for the film sections may be mineral-reinforced, partially crystalline or amorphous plastics films being suitable. Further advantages of a use of PEEK are low absorption of moisture, high resistance to chemicals, and wear-resistance, especially at glass transition temperature. In addition, electrical insulation is sufficient for the applications envisaged even with small material thicknesses.

The joining of the film sections to the outer ring may be effected in a cost-effective manner adhesively by means of ordinary bonding methods, or alternatively by a material joint, for example by means of hot lamination for highly-stressed applications. Alternatively, methods using a heating element, ultrasound or laser welding may be adopted. For this purpose the surface of the outer ring may be appropriately prepared, for example activated chemically and/or by means of a plasma, and/or preheated. Furthermore, especially when bonding the film section to the outer ring, the surface of the film section may be pretreated, for example cleaned, and activated mechanically and/or chemically. Furthermore, plastics films which are prefabricated with an adhesive layer have proved advantageous for producing the film sections.

According to an advantageous exemplary embodiment, the film section is not necessarily arranged over the full width of the outer ring. Rather, especially for thermal insulation, a preferably central axial region of the external circumference of the outer ring may be covered by the film section, while the region or regions not covered axially may have an air gap or, depending on the operating medium, a liquid gap such as an oil gap. It has proved especially advantageous if the film section is fitted into a recess extending over at least a part of the circumference of the outer ring. In this case the recess may be a flat annular groove or the like, so that the film section can be fixed axially in a simple manner. In this case the depth of the recess may be greater than or equal to the thickness of the film section, so that the outer ring is centered on the component to be supported, or may be less than the thickness of the film section, so that better thermal insulation, together with electrical insulation, is achieved.

According to an advantageous exemplary embodiment, the film section may be extended radially inwards over at least one shoulder of the outer ring. In this case the plastics material for the film section may be prefabricated as an angle section, for example by means of an extrusion process, in which case said angle section may have suitable notches in the radially inwardly-oriented limb of the film section in order to facilitate the formation of an annular shape. By appropriate cutting to length of the plastics material, different diameters of the outer ring can be covered with the same plastics material. A slit of the film section which is curved to an annular shape can be adapted to the thermal elongation of the film section. Film sections pre-curved in this way may be applied to both side faces of the outer ring in order to produce an encapsulation of the anti-friction bearing.

According to the concept of the invention, the radially inwardly oriented limb of a film section, which is angled in cross-section, may be closed around its circumference, a flat or angled film section being deformed thermally or mechanically, for example by means of a deep-drawing process. In this case, film sections shaped in almost any desired manner, for example in the form of covering caps, can be produced without removal of material, their radially inwardly oriented annular rim overlapping the inner ring radially in an axially flush manner and optionally being at least lightly preloaded axially against the inner ring. Alternatively, the film section may extend radially around the inner ring and may be fitted into an annular recess formed in the internal circumference of the inner ring, so that a completely encapsulated anti-friction bearing is produced. In this case sealing material such as a sealing ring or fibrous web may be inserted between the film section and the recess.

In order to increase the volume of the lubricant, such as grease or oil, provided for lubricating the running surfaces between rolling bodies and inner and outer ring, an annular lubricant reservoir extended axially with respect to the bearing races and arranged radially in the region of the rolling diameter of the rolling bodies may be formed from the film section, for example by means of a deep-drawing process.

In this way film sections, produced for example from semi-finished product in the form of plastics films, can be pulled onto the external diameter of the outer ring under preload, without further fixing by adhesive or material joining. In this case it has proved advantageous if a retaining collar widened radially outwards is provided on the side face located opposite the side face having the radially inwardly extended film section. This retaining collar performs an auxiliary function when pulling the film section onto the external diameter during assembly, and is then removed without machining, for example by cutting.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The anti-friction bearing configured according to the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to several preferred embodiments and to the appended drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 shows a section through an anti-friction bearing with thermal insulation in the form of a film section made of plastics material;

FIG. 2 shows a section through an anti-friction bearing which is slightly modified with respect to the anti-friction bearing of FIG. 1 and has a film section fitted into a recess;

FIG. 3 shows a partial section through an anti-friction bearing which is slightly modified with respect to the anti-friction bearing of FIG. 1 and has a film section molded radially inwards around a side face of the outer ring;

FIG. 4 is a plan view of the anti-friction hearing of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 shows a partial section through an anti-friction hearing which is slightly modified with respect to the anti-friction bearing of FIG. 3 and has an annular rim which is closed radially towards the inside;

FIG. 6 shows a partial section through an anti-friction bearing which is provided with a lubricant reservoir in contrast to the anti-friction bearing of FIG. 5.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 shows a section through the anti-friction hearing 1, which is configured to be rotationally symmetrical about the axis of rotation 2 and comprises the outer ring 3, the inner ring 4 and the rolling bodies 6, in the form of balls in this exemplary embodiment, positioned in the bearing cage 5. The exemplary embodiment illustrated shows a deep-grooved ball bearing. The concept according to the invention likewise includes other anti-friction bearings, for example anti-friction bearings equipped with needles or ball rollers.

The film section 8 is applied to the external circumference 7 of the outer ring 3. The film section 8 is prefabricated as a strip from a plastics film and is, for example, bonded or sinter-fused to the external circumference. As a result of its low thermal conductivity and high electrical resistance, the film section 8 insulates the outer ring, and therefore the anti-friction bearing 1 and the bearing component mounted on the internal circumference thereof, with respect to the component to be supported on the outer circumference 7, The outer ring 3 has on both side faces 9, 10 chamfers 11 which allow the film section 8 to be spaced away from the component to be supported for improved insertion therein.

FIG. 2 shows a section through the anti-friction bearing 1a which, in contrast to the anti-friction bearing 1 of FIG. 1, has a modified outer ring 3a. The annular recess 12, in which the film section 8a, which is shortened axially as compared to the film section 8 of FIG. 1, is fitted and thereby axially fixed, is formed on the external diameter 7 of the outer ring 3a. The radially raised lands 13 remaining between the recess 12 and the chamfers 11. can serve to center the outer ring 3a on the component to be supported and permit a negligible heat flow as compared to the full axial width of the outer ring 3a.

FIG. 3 shows a partial section of the anti-friction bearing 1b, which is rotationally symmetrical about the axis of rotation 2. In contrast to the configuration of the film section 8 of the anti-friction bearing 1 of FIG. 1, the film section 8b is angled in cross-section with limbs 14, 15, the limb 14, configured in the form of an annular section, being arranged on the external circumference 7 of the outer ring 3b and being, for example, applied under pretension, bonded or sinter-fused, while the limb 15 on the side face 10 of the outer ring 3b is oriented radially inwards, In this case the film section 8b is preferably cut from prefabricated angled strip material and pre-curved to fit the external circumference 7 of the outer ring 3b. For this purpose notches 16 are provided in the limb 15.

FIG. 4 shows the anti-friction bearing lb in a plan view, haying the angled film section 8b with the limbs 14, 15 applied to the outer ring 3b (FIG. 3). In order to simplify the application of the film section 8b, which is formed from straight strip material produced as a semi-finished product of plastics film and is pre-curved to fit the external circumference 7, notches 16 are provided in the annular limb 15, The length of the strip used to produce the film section 8b is calculated such that a slit 17, which allows for the different coefficients of expansion of the plastics material of the film section 8b and of the outer ring 3b (FIG. 3), is formed between the ends of the film section 8b.

FIG. 5 shows a partial section through the anti-friction hearing 1c, which also has a film section 8c angled in cross-section, the limb 14c being applied to the outer ring 3c and the limb 15c being extended radially inwards so far that it can be fitted into an annular recess 18 formed in the side face of the inner ring 4c without an additional axial space requirement, and may be at least slightly tensioned axially against said recess 18. The film section 8c is preferably produced from a deep-drawn plastics film, so that the film section 8c can be produced as a closed ring and the limb 15c as a continuous annular rim 20. In this case the pot base produced during the deep-drawing process is cut away and the pot wall forms the annular limb 15c of the film section. Alternatively, the circumferential limb 14c may be provided as the pot wall and the limb 15c may be formed by punching out the center of the pot base.

To enable the film section 8c to be pulled on to the outer ring 3c in a simple manner, a circumferential retaining collar 28 may be formed, or allowed to remain, during the deep-drawing process. After the film section 8c has been pulled on, the retaining collar is cut off. In a similar way, radially extended tabs distributed around the circumference of the film section 8c may be suitable for pulling same onto the outer ring 3c.

FIG. 6 shows in a partial section the anti-friction bearing 1d, which is a variant of the anti-friction bearing 1c of FIG. 5. In this case the preferably deep-drawn film section 8d is extended radially inwards to pass radially around the inner ring 4d. In this case the axial projection 19 of the radially inwardly extended annular rim 20d extends into the annular recess 21 formed in the internal circumference 22 of the inner ring 4d. The fibrous ring 23 forms a seal between the axial projection 19 and the internal circumference of the annular recess 21. The sealing of the axial projection 19 with respect to the inner ring 4d, in conjunction with the annular seal 24, forms a closed lubricant chamber 25 which is enlarged by the lubricant reservoir 27 as a result of the axial extension 26 of the film section 8d, so that the service life of the anti-friction bearing 1d is lengthened by the increased volume of lubricant.

LIST OF REFERENCES

• 1 Anti-friction Bearing
• 1 a Anti-friction Bearing
• 1 b Anti-friction Bearing
• 1 c Anti-friction Bearing
• 1 d Anti-friction Bearing
• 2 Axis of Rotation
• 3 Outer Ring
• 3 a Outer Ring
• 3 b Outer Ring
• 3 c Outer Ring
• 4 Inner Ring
• 4 c Inner Ring
• 4 d Inner Ring
• 5 Bearing Cage
• 6 Rolling Body
• 7 External Circumference
• 8 Film Section
• 8 a Film Section
• 8 b Film Section
• 8 c Film Section
• 8 d Film Section
• 9 Side Face
• 10 Side Face
• 11 Chamfer
• 12 Recess
• 13 Land
• 14 Limb
• 14 c Limb
• 15 Limb
• 15 c Limb
• 16 Notch
• 17 Slit
• 18 Recess
• 19 Axial Projection
• 20 Annular Rim
• 20 d Annular Rim
• 21 Recess
• 22 Internal Circumference
• 23 Fibrous Ring
• 24 Annular Seal
• 25 Lubricant Chamber
• 26 Axial Extension
• 27 Lubricant Reservoir
• 28 Retaining Collar

Claims

1-10. (canceled)

11. An anti-friction bearing, comprising: an outer ring;an inner ring;rolling bodies, which are arranged between the outer ring and the inner ring, are distributed over a circumference of the outer ring and the inner ring and roll on the outer ring and the inner ring; anda film section, which is produced without removal of material from a plastics film, applied to an external circumference of the outer ring, over at least a part of an axial width of the outer ring and over at least a part of the external circumference of the outer ring.

12. The anti-friction bearing as claimed in claim 11, wherein the film section is produced from a strip of the plastics film.

13. The anti-friction bearing as claimed in claim 11, wherein the film section is connected to the external circumference adhesively or by a material joint.

14. The anti-friction bearing as claimed in claim 11, wherein the outer ring has a recess that extends over at least a part of the circumference of the outer ring, the film section being fitted into the recess.

15. The anti-friction bearing as claimed in claim 11, wherein the outer ring has at least one shoulder and the film section extends radially inwards over the at least one shoulder of the outer ring.

16. The anti-friction bearing as claimed in claim 15, wherein the film section forms a circumferential lubricant reservoir radially on an inside of the film section.

17. The anti-friction bearing as claimed in claim 15, further comprising a retaining collar that extends radially outwards, the retaining collar being provided on a side face of the outer ring located opposite another side face of the outer ring where the film section extends radially inwards.

18. The anti-friction bearing as claimed in claim 15, wherein the shape of the film section is produced by a deep-drawing process.

19. The anti-friction bearing as claimed in claim 11, wherein the film section is produced from a polyether ketone.

20. The anti-friction bearing as claimed in claim 19, wherein the film section is reinforced.