Claims
- 1. An enzyme electrode for sensing the presence of at least one component of a mixture of components, said enzyme electrode comprising:
- (a) an enzyme, the catalytic activity of said enzyme being indicative of said component,
- (b) a non-physiological electron transfer mediator between the enzyme and electron collector, said mediator being covalently attached to an insoluble, flexible siloxane polymer backbone in sufficient number to form an electron relay system,
- (c) and an electron collector,
- said enzyme and said mediator-containing siloxane polymer backbone being in an immobilized state in contact with said electron collector.
- 2. The enzyme electrode of claim 1, wherein the mediator is ferrocene or a substituted ferrocene.
- 3. The enzyme electrode of claim 2, wherein the mediator is selected from the group consisting of ferrocene, 1,1'-dicarboxyferrocene, carboxyferrocene, vinylferrocene, 1,1'-dimethylferrocene, ferrocenyl-monocarboxylic acid, hydroxyethylferrocene, and 1,1'-bis(hydroxymethyl)ferrocene.
- 4. The enzyme electrode of claim 1, wherein the enzyme is glucose oxidase.
- 5. The enzyme electrode of claim 1, wherein the enzyme is glycolate oxidase.
- 6. The enzyme electrode of claim 1, wherein the mediator is ferrocene, and the enzyme is glucose oxidase.
- 7. The enzyme electrode of claim 6, wherein the electron collector is composed of graphite powder, and said glucose oxidase, said siloxane and said ferrocene are located on the external surface of said graphite powder.
- 8. The enzyme electrode of claim 6 having a protective membrane permeable to water and glucose molecules, said membrane covering said external surface of said graphite electron collector.
- 9. The enzyme electrode of claim 4, wherein the electron collector is composed of platinum or solid carbon.
- 10. The enzyme electrode of claim 1 comprising means for implantation of said enzyme electrode in a human subject.
RELATED APPLICATION
The present application is a continuation-in-part of co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 325,389 filed Mar. 20, 1989, and now abandoned.
Government Interests
This invention was made with Government support under contract number DE-AC02-76CH00016, between the U.S. Department of Energy and Associated Universities, Inc. The Government has certain rights in the invention.
US Referenced Citations (7)
Non-Patent Literature Citations (6)
Entry |
Biosensors, Chapter 1, Edited by Anthony P. F. Turner et al., Published by Oxford University Press, (1987). |
J. Phys. Chem., vol. 91, No. 6, pp. 1285-1289 (1987). |
Anal. Chem., vol. 56, pp. 667-671, (1984). |
Biosensors, vol. 3, pp. 45-56 (1987/1988). |
J. Electroanal. Chem. vol. 250, pp. 417-425 (1988). |
J. Am. Chem Soc., vol. 111, pp. 3482-3484 (Apr. 1989). |
Continuation in Parts (1)
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Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
325389 |
Mar 1989 |
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