Claims
- 1. A non-aqueous, electrochemical cell having an active metal anode, a solid active cathode and a liquid electrolyte characterized in that said electrolyte consists essentially of a low vapor pressure, liquid solvate-complex of (a) sulfur dioxide annd (b) one or more alkali or alkaline earth metal salts soluble in said sulfur dioxide and also capable of forming a complex therewith, wherein said one or more salts consists essentially of a stoichiometric reaction product of a Lewis acid and a Lewis base, with the equivalent ratio of said one or more salts to SO.sub.2 in said liquid electrolyte ranging from 1:1 to 1:7, and wherein all of said one or more alkali or alkaline earth metal salts is complexed with said sulfur dioxide.
- 2. The cell of claim 1 wherein said one or more salts contains Group 3A element halide anions.
- 3. The cell of claim 1 wherein one or more salts are selected from the group consisting of LiAlCl.sub.4, LiGaCl.sub.4, LiBF.sub.4, LiBCl.sub.4, LiInCl.sub.4, NaAlCl.sub.4, NaGaCl.sub.4, NaBF.sub.4, NaBCl.sub.4, NaInCl.sub.4, Ca(AlCl.sub.4).sub.2, Ca(GaCl.sub.4).sub.2, Ca(BF.sub.4).sub.2, Ca(BCl.sub.4).sub.2, Ca(InCl.sub.4).sub.2, Sr(AlCl.sub.4).sub.2, Sr(GaCl.sub.4).sub.2, Sr(BF.sub.4).sub.2, Sr(BCl.sub.4).sub.2, Sr(InCl.sub.4).sub.2, Li.sub.3 SbCl.sub.6, LiSbCl.sub.6 and mixtures thereof.
- 4. The cell of claim 1 wherein said solid active cathode is comprised of a material selected from the group consisting of metal halides, oxides, chromates, vanadates, titanates, tungstates, and chalcogenides, polyacetylene, poly-p-phenylene, polyphenylene sulfide, C.sub.x S and Cf.sub.n.
- 5. The cell of claim 1 wherein said active metal anode is comprised of lithium.
- 6. The cell of claim 1 wherein said equivalent ratio ranges from 1:1 to 1:4.
- 7. The cell of claim 1 wherein said electrolyte is further comprised of an organic electrolyte which with said SO.sub.2 is co-complexed with said one or more salts.
- 8. The cell of claim 1 wherein said cell further includes a minor amount of an inorganic additive selected from the group consisting of SOCl.sub.2, SO.sub.2 Cl.sub.2, S.sub.2 Cl.sub.2, SCl.sub.2 and mixtures thereof.
- 9. A low vapor pressure, non-aqueous electrochemical cell comprising a lithium anode, a solid active cathode and a liquid electrolyte consisting essentially of SO.sub.2 complexed with one or more salts selected from the group consisting of LiAlCl.sub.4, NiAlCl.sub.4 and Ca(AlCl.sub.4).sub.2 wherein the equivalent ratio of said one or more salts to SO.sub.2 in said liquid electrolyte ranges from 1:1 to 1:4, with said one or more salts consisting essentially of stoichiometric amounts of LiCl, NaCl and CaCl.sub.2 with AlCl.sub.3 respectively, and wherein all of said one or more salts is complexed with said sulfur dioxide.
- 10. The low vapor pressure electrochemical cell of claim 9 wherein said solid active cathode is comprised of a member selected from the group consisting of CuCl.sub.2, CuO, CuS and MnO.sub.2.
- 11. The cell of claim 10 wherein said solid active cathode is comprised of CuCl.sub.2.
- 12. A non-aqueous electrochemical cell comprising a lithium anode, a CuCl.sub.2 cathode and a liquid electrolyte consisting essentially of SO.sub.2 complexed with LiAlCl.sub.4.
Parent Case Info
This application is a continuation of application Ser. No. 405,980, filed Aug. 9, 1982, now abandoned.
US Referenced Citations (1)
Number |
Name |
Date |
Kind |
3985573 |
Johnson |
Oct 1976 |
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Foreign Referenced Citations (1)
Number |
Date |
Country |
2079744 |
Nov 1971 |
FRX |
Continuations (1)
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Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
405980 |
Aug 1982 |
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