The present invention relates to an electroluminescent (EL) device and more particularly to an EL device having a substantially rectangular electroluminescent (EL) layer.
An EL device generally includes an EL layer as a luminescent layer, an anode and a cathode. The anode is formed on one surface of the EL layer and connected to an anode terminal. The cathode is formed on the other surface of the EL layer and connected to a cathode terminal. The EL device is so formed that the EL layer is interposed between the area of the anode in contact with the EL layer (the contact area of the anode) and the area of the cathode in contact with the EL layer (the contact area of the cathode). The anode terminal is connected to an external power source through the anode conductor and the cathode terminal is connected to the external power source through the cathode conductor, and then a voltage is applied between the anode and the cathode. Thus, the EL device is capable of emitting light. When a voltage is applied between the anode and the cathode, holes are injected from the contact area of the anode into the EL layer and electrons are injected from the contact area of the cathode into the EL layer. The holes recombine with the electrons to excite a luminescent body in the EL layer, thereby the EL device emits light.
The EL device will have a luminescent face of desired shape by changing the shape of the EL layer. EL devices having a rectangular or linear EL layer in plan view have been getting a lot of attention recently, which is disclosed in Japanese patent application publication No. 2001-244069. The EL device in the above publication has an elongated anode terminal and an elongated cathode terminal which are aligned along the same short side of the rectangular EL layer.
This arrangement disadvantageously causes a large amount of electric current flowing from an electrode near one short side of the EL layer and a small amount of electric current flowing from an electrode near the other short side of the EL layer. Thus, the EL layer emits light more brightly near one short side where a large amount of electric current flows than near the other short side where a small amount of electric current flows. Specifically, as the long side of the EL layer becomes longer, a difference in brightness, that is, uneven brightness, gets more remarkable in the long side direction of the EL layer.
The present invention is directed to reducing uneven brightness in an EL device having a substantially rectangular EL layer, as compared to the prior art.
In accordance with the present invention, an electroluminescent device has an electroluminescent layer, a first electrode and a second electrode. The electroluminescent layer has a substantially rectangular shape in plan view. The first electrode is connected to one surface of the electroluminescent layer and includes a first contact area in contact with one surface of the electroluminescent layer and a first terminal connected to the first contact area and connected to an external first conductor. The second electrode is connected to the other surface of the electroluminescent layer and includes a second contact area in contact with the other surface of the electroluminescent layer and a second terminal connected to an external second conductor. The first electrode is made of a material having a higher volume resistivity than that of the second electrode. The first terminal is formed along one long side of the electroluminescent layer. The second contact area and the second terminal are connected on an area elongated from the electroluminescent layer in a long side direction of the electroluminescent layer.
Other aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, illustrating by way of example the principles of the invention.
The features of the present invention that are believed to be novel are set forth with particularity in the appended claims. The invention together with objects and advantages thereof, may best be understood by reference to the following description of the presently preferred embodiments together with the accompanying drawings in which:
The following preferred embodiments of an EL device according to the present invention are applicable. It is noted that the term “long side direction” and “short side direction” means “long side direction of an EL layer” and “short side direction of an EL layer”, respectively unless otherwise stated.
(Embodiment 1) The EL device includes a transparent insulating substrate. A cathode terminal and the whole area of an anode are formed on the upper surface of the transparent insulating substrate. An EL layer is formed on the upper surface of a part of the anode. An anode terminal is formed in the area where the EL layer is not formed. The anode terminal is aligned along one long side of the EL layer and extends in the long side direction of the EL layer. A metal layer as a cathode is formed on the upper surface (back surface) of the EL layer and connected to a cathode terminal. The connection between the metal layer and the cathode terminal is provided on an area elongated from the EL layer in the long side direction.
(Embodiment 2) The cathode includes a first cathode terminal and a second cathode terminal The first cathode terminal is formed on one long side of the EL layer, and the second cathode terminal is formed on the other long side of the EL layer. The metal layer is connected to the first cathode terminal at one end in the long side direction and connected to the second cathode terminal at the other end in the long side direction.
(Embodiment 3) In the EL device according to Embodiment 1 or 2, the cathode terminal includes an area which is connected to the metal layer and an area which is connected to the conductor. The EL layer and the area which is connected to the metal layer are aligned along the long side of the EL device.
(Embodiment 4) In the EL device according to Embodiment 3, the anode terminal and the area which is connected to the conductor are aligned along the long side of the EL layer.
(Embodiment 5) In the EL device according to Embodiment 3, the area which is connected to the conductor and the area which is connected to the metal layer are aligned in the long side direction of the EL layer. In other words, the area which is connected to the conductor is formed along the short side of the EL layer.
The following will describe a preferred embodiment of an EL device 10 according to the present invention with reference to
As shown in
The anode 20 is formed on the upper surface of the transparent insulating substrate 12 and made of transparent and colorless material such as indium tin oxide (or ITO). Note that in this preferred embodiment the term “upper surface” indicates a surface on the upper side with respect to the normal of the sheet of
The EL layer 30 is formed on the upper surface of the laterally extended portion 22 of the anode 20 as clearly shown in
The cathode includes the metal layer 40 formed on the upper surface of the EL layer 30 and the terminal layer 50 formed on the upper surface of the transparent insulating substrate 12. The metal layer 40 has a substantially rectangular shape in plan view as shown in
The terminal layer 50 is formed on the transparent insulating substrate 12. The terminal layer 50 is substantially L-shaped in plan view as shown in
As best shown in
As described above, the lower surface of the FPC 60 is adhered onto the upper surface of the anode terminal 26 and the upper surface of the first connection 54 of the terminal layer 50 (that is, the cathode terminal) by an anisotropic conductive film. The FPC 60 includes a substrate 64, the negative terminals 62a and the positive terminals 62b. The substrate 64 is made of insulating material. The illustration of the lower portion of the substrate 64 is omitted in
To allow the EL device 10 to emit light, the negative terminals 62a and the positive terminals 62b are connected to an external power source (not shown). As a forward voltage is applied between the cathode (that is, the metal layer 40) and the anode 20 through the negative terminals 62a and the positive terminals 62b, electric current flows into the EL layer 30, thereby the EL layer 30 emits light. The breadth of the anode terminal 26 (that is, the long side width of the EL layer 30) is considerably wider than the breadth of the first connection 54 (that is, the width of the connection between the cathode and the FPC 60). This contributes to a small difference in voltage applied at positions in the long side direction of the anode 20 (that is, the positions where the positive terminals 62b of the FPC 60 are connected), with the result that a difference in electric current in the long side direction of the EL layer 30 is reduced. This reduces uneven brightness of the EL layer 30. The narrow breadth of the first connection 54 of the cathode (which corresponds to the metal layer 40 and the terminal layer 50) than the anode terminal 26 does not increase an electric potential difference in the breadth direction of the cathode (that is, the metal layer 40) if the connection between the cathode and the FPC 60 does not extend in the breadth direction of the EL layer 30. This is because the cathode has a lower resistance than the anode 20. Therefore, the narrow breadth of the first connection 54 little affects brightness of the EL layer 30. In the EL layer 30, the length in the short side direction is shorter than the length in the long side direction. Uneven intensity of light in the short side direction of the EL layer 30 may be reduced to a problem-free level by decreasing the length in the short side direction of the EL layer 30 to a specified extent. According to the EL device 10 of the preferred embodiment, uneven brightness of the EL layer 30 may be reduced as a whole.
As is clear from the above description, in the EL device 10, the anode terminal 26 extends along the long side direction of the EL layer 30 to have a wide breadth This reduces a difference in electric current flowing at positions in the long side directions of the EL layer 30, so that uneven brightness of the EL layer 30 is reduced. In the EL device 10 of the preferred embodiment, the first connection 54 of the terminal layer 50 and the anode terminal 26 are aligned along the same long side of the EL device 10. This allows the FPC 60 to be adhered from one side of the EL device 10 for easy connection between the EL device 10 and the FPC 60.
Additionally, the first conductor and the second conductor may be provided on the same conductor substrate for easy connection between the EL device and the conductor substrate. Furthermore, in the EL device 10 of the preferred embodiment, the metal layer 40 and the terminal layer 50 are connected with each other on an area elongated from the EL layer 30 in the long side direction. This allows the first connection 54 of the terminal layer 50 to be adjacent to the anode 20, with the result that the short side width of the EL device 10 (transparent insulating substrate 12) may be reduced. In other words, the metal layer 40 and the terminal layer 50 need an area for connection (the connection area 52). As the connection area 52 is provided at the lower side (the lower side in
On the other hand, when the metal layer 40 and the terminal layer 50 are connected on an area elongated from the EL layer 30 in the long side direction, the connection area 52 is on an area elongated from the EL layer 30 in the long side direction, and the anode 20 (the EL layer 30) and the first connection 54 are aligned in the short side direction of the EL layer 30. This allows the first connection 54 to be adjacent to the anode 20, with the result that the short side width of the EL device 10 may be reduced. The EL device 10 of the preferred embodiment is applicable to a light source having a narrow short side width, for example, for a scanner used for a copier, a facsimile, or the like.
The present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above but may be modified into the following alternative embodiments.
In an alternative embodiment referring to
Furthermore, it is also applicable that the first terminal is formed along one long side of the EL layer and the second terminal is formed along the other long side of the EL layer. This configuration allows the longer first terminal and the longer second terminal to be formed along the long side of the EL layer, with the result that a difference in electric current flowing at positions in the long side direction of the EL layer is reduced.
In an alternative embodiment of an EL device 200 referring to
According to the above configuration, electric current flows from the FPC (not shown) into the middle portion of the anode 220, passes through the EL layer 230 and then returns through the terminal layers 250a, 250b to the FPC. This reduces a difference in electric current flowing at positions in the long side direction of the EL layer 230, so that uneven brightness in the EL layer 230 is reduced. Since an FPC having positive terminals for connection with the anode terminal and an FPC having negative terminals for connection with the cathode terminal will be connected from the same side, the short side width is reduced As a matter of course, the above FPCs may be integrated into one FPC.
In an alternative embodiment of an EL device 300 referring to
According to the above configuration, the shape of the connection between the connection area 352 and the first connection 354 for forming the terminal layer 350 and the shape of the connection between the connection area 352A and the first connection 354A for forming the terminal layer 350A are substantially rectangular. This simplifies the shape of the cathode and reduces a space for forming the terminal layers 350, 350A. Additionally, the short side width may be reduced. Furthermore, the anode terminal may be as long as the EL layer.
In the above embodiments, the breadth (long side width) of the anode terminal is narrower than the breadth (long side width) of the EL layer However, a position or shape of the cathode may be changed to obtain the breadth of the anode terminal substantially equal to the breadth of the EL layer. In an alternative embodiment of an EL device 400 referring to
Therefore, the present examples and embodiments are to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive, and the invention is not to be limited to the details given herein but may be modified within the scope of the appended claims.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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2005-178894 | Jun 2005 | JP | national |