Claims
- 1. A method for treating an electrically conductive surface comprising:
contacting at least the surface with a medium comprising at least one silicate and having a basic pH and wherein said medium is substantially free of chromates, introducing a current to said medium wherein said surface is employed as a cathode.
- 2. An aqueous medium for use in an electrically enhanced method for treating a conductive surface comprising a combination comprising de-ionized water, at least one silicate, at least one dopant and wherein the medium has a basic pH.
- 3. A method for forming a coating upon a metal or electrically conductive surface comprising:
exposing the surface to a first medium comprising an aqueous medium comprising at least one water soluble silicate wherein said first medium has a basic pH, introducing a current to said first medium; and exposing the surface to a second medium comprising a combination a comprising water and at least one water soluble compound selected from the group consisting of chlorides, fluorides, nitrates, zironates, titanates, sulphates and water soluble lithium compounds.
- 4. The method of claim 1 wherein the silicate containing medium comprises sodium silicate.
- 5. The method of claim 1 wherein the surface comprises at least one member selected from the group consisting of copper, nickel, tin, zinc, aluminum, stainless steel and steel.
- 6. The method of claim 1 wherein further comprising a post-treatment comprising contacting with at least one source of carbonate.
- 7. The method of claim 6 wherein the source of at least one carbonate comprises at least one member chosen from the group of lithium carbonate, lithium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, potassium carbonate, potassium bicarbonate, rubidium carbonate, rubidium bicarbonate, rubidium acid carbonate, cesium carbonate, ammonium carbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium carbamate and ammonium zirconyl carbonate.
- 8. The medium of claim 2 wherein a dimensionally stable anode is at least partially in contact with said medium.
- 9. The method of claim 6 comprising applying at least one topcoating upon the post-treated surface.
- 10. The medium of claim 2 wherein the medium comprises greater than 3 wt. % of at least one silicate.
- 11. The method of claim 1 further comprising forming a layer comprising silica upon the mineral.
- 12. The medium of claim 3 wherein said water soluble compound comprises at least one member selected from the group consisting of from the group of titanium chloride, tin chloride, zirconium acetate, zirconium oxychloride, calcium fluoride, tin fluoride, titanium fluoride, zirconium fluoride; ammonium fluorosilicate, aluminum nitrate; magnesium sulphate, sodium sulphate, zinc sulphate, copper sulphate; lithium acetate, lithium bicarbonate, lithium citrate, lithium metaborate, lithium vanadate and lithium tungstate.
- 13. The method of claim 8 wherein said anode comprises platinum.
- 14. The method of claim 3 wherein the silicate containing medium further comprises at least one dopant.
- 15. The method of claim 14 wherein the dopant comprises at least one member selected from the group consisting of molybdenum, chromium, titanium, zircon, vanadium, phosphorus, aluminum, iron, boron, bismuth, gallium, tellurium, germanium, antimony, niobium, magnesium, manganese, and their oxides and salts.
- 16. The method of claim 3 wherein the silicate containing medium further comprises a water dispersible polymer.
- 17. The method of claim 14 wherein the dopant comprises the anode of the electrolytic environment.
- 18. The method of claim 1 further comprising forming a secondary coating comprising at least one member chosen from the group of latex, silanes, epoxies, silicone, urethanes and acrylics.
- 19. The method of claim 7 wherein the carbonate source comprises ammonium zirconyl carbonate.
- 20. A product formed according to the method of claim 1 or 3 wherein said product comprises a zinc surface and has an ASTM B117 exposure to white rust of greater than 72 hours.
Parent Case Info
[0001] The subject matter herein claims benefit of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/532,982, filed on Mar. 22, 2000 that is a continuation in part of Ser. No. 09/369,780, filed on Aug. 06, 1999 (now U.S. Pat. No. 6,153,080) that is a continuation in part of Ser. No. 09/122,002, filed on Jul. 24, 1998 that is a continuation in part of Ser. No. 09/016,250, filed on Jan. 30, 1998 (now U.S. Pat. No. 6,149,794) in the names of Robert L. Heimann et al. and entitled “An Electrolytic Process For Forming A Mineral”; the entire disclosures of which are hereby incorporated by reference. The subject matter of this invention claims benefit under 35 U.S.C. 111(a), 35 U.S.C. 119(e) and 35 U.S.C. 120 of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60/036,024, filed on Jan. 31, 1997 and Ser. No. 60/045,446, filed on May 2, 1997 and entitled “Non-Equilibrium Enhanced Mineral Deposition”. The disclosure of the previously filed provisional patent applications is hereby incorporated by reference.
Provisional Applications (2)
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Number |
Date |
Country |
|
60036024 |
Jan 1997 |
US |
|
60045446 |
May 1997 |
US |
Continuation in Parts (4)
|
Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
09532982 |
Mar 2000 |
US |
Child |
09775072 |
Feb 2001 |
US |
Parent |
09369780 |
Aug 1999 |
US |
Child |
09532982 |
Mar 2000 |
US |
Parent |
09122022 |
Jul 1998 |
US |
Child |
09369780 |
Aug 1999 |
US |
Parent |
09016250 |
Jan 1998 |
US |
Child |
09122022 |
Jul 1998 |
US |