Patent Application
20140015365
This invention is related to that class of electromagnetic generators variously known as “unipolar”,“homopolar” or “monopolar” machine, in which a disk or a cylinder is mounted between magnetic poles to induce electromotive force by rotating in either direction. Direction of the current will depend on the direction of rotation and the sign of magnetic poles. These machines usually generate high current with low volts that is why they have a very limited use.
The principle of operation of my improved generator may be associated with synchrotron, a cyclic particle accelerator, in which a particle is moving along the constant length of the orbit and accelerating magnetic and electric field is being synchronized with a particle beam, increasing the kinetic energy of the particles. Like particle beam in synchrotron that is always moving along its orbit in one direction, armature in my generator always rotating in one direction. The difference is that my generator uses kinetic energy and magnetic field to generate current.
I came up with a solution to make homopolar generators more usable by forcing them to generate high frequency current that is independent from speed of rotation. It is obvious that with this improvement it will be possible to transfer power by using high frequency transformers, which are significantly smaller than low frequency transformers.
Right now to produce electric current of a high frequency, semiconductors, such as transistors, are used. With a help of transistors direct current can be converted into high frequency current. However, power of these converters is limited to the specification of transistors. With my generator it will be possible to generate more power with higher frequency directly from motion with less effort.
Electromagnetic high frequency homopolar generator is related to the class of homopolar generators, as described herein. Frequency oscillation of the electric current in this generator is independent from speed of rotation and is formed by connecting in series armature, capacitor and primary coil of a transformer. Since electromagnets of stator are powered by armature electric current through the transformer, when armature is rotating in either direction, magnetic field and armature electric current changes simultaneously, allowing electric current to be generated without interruptions. Voltage in the armature circuit will be increased due to resonance. With these improvements operating frequency of this generator will be very stable and flexible and distribution of the produced energy will be easy.
My electromagnetic high frequency homopolar generator is not limited with a specific construction. If homopolar generator with disk, or disks, or cylinder as a part of armature is used as a base, it will work if it fits all the necessary requirements, which I will describe here.
Base for my generator, shown on
Stator magnetic core 3 is made from a soft-magnetic material, like ferrite. Shaft 1 preferably should be made from non-conducting material; steel will melt due to high frequency in field coils. Disks 2 can be made from copper and they should be connected to each other in the center with a conducting material, preferably the same disks are made of. To conduct current from moving disks to stationary wires brushes 5 are used. When operating, current must flow from disks 2 to brushes 5 during all period of time without interruptions.
Armature circuit is formed by connecting together in series disks 2, brushes 5, capacitor 6 and the primary coil of the transformer 7.
Field coil 4 is connected to capacitor 8 and secondary coil of transformer 9 in series, as well as field coil 12 is connected to capacitor 10 and secondary coil of transformer 11. To transfer power to electromagnets primary coil of transformers 9 and 11 are connected to the secondary coil of transformer 7.
Power can be taken from terminals 13.
Armature circuit and circuit of electromagnets should have the same resonant frequency. It is obvious that frequency of the output power will depend on the resonant frequency of the generator.
Direction of magnetic field and electric current in the generator is shown on
Let us assume that armature is rotating in direction shown on
Electromagnets will receive power from transformers 9 and 11, which are connected to the secondary coil of the transformer 7. Direction of the current in the field coils of electromagnets must generate magnetic field with a direction shown on
When capacitor 6 will be fully charged, current will stop flowing through transformer 7 and, as a result, electromagnets will stop generate magnetic field. This will cause current 16 in capacitor 7 to reverse its direction, as shown on
Arrow 14 on
Because homopolar generators are capable to produce very high current with low volts, primary coil of the transformer 7 should have only a few turns and wire should be capable to transfer high current, but resistance of the coil should not be less than resistance of disks.
Due to high frequency current, brushes 5 must be able to work in high frequency field and there may be difficulties to replace them with liquid metal brushes.
Generator, which I generally described, is not a self-starting generator. The easiest method to start this generator is to apply current of the resonant to generator frequency to the output terminals 13, when disks are rotating.
The other method is to charge capacitors 10, or 8, or both with direct current, when armature is rotating. This will create magnetic field in the generator and, as a result, capacitor 6 will be charged. Oscillation will begin when direct current that charges capacitors will be stopped.
As I herein mentioned, my improved generator is not limited with a specific construction, shown on
Generator, described herein, can also work on low frequencies, but I do not see any benefits of it.
Generator, described herein, can also work as a motor, but it will be fragile.
