Patent Grant
10312044
The present invention relates to an electromagnetic relay, and especially to an electromagnetic relay capable of effectively extinguishing a generated arc.
As a conventional electromagnetic relay, for example, there has been disclosed an electromagnetic relay including: an armature which tilts by excitation and non-excitation of an electromagnetic block; a movable contact portion which has a movable contact, is mounted on the armature, and tilting together with tilting of the armature; and a fixed contact portion having a fixed contact with which the movable contact comes into or out of contact. In the electromagnetic relay, an arc extension space is formed to extend an arc that is generated when the movable contact comes into or out of contact with the fixed contact, and a magnetic field generation unit is provided to guide, to the arc extension space, an arc that is generated when the movable contact comes into or out of contact with the fixed contact (cf. PTL 1).
In the above electromagnetic relay, as shown in
PTL 1 Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2013-80692
However, in the above electromagnetic relay, each permanent magnet is disposed between adjacent fixed contacts so as to extend the arc upward. This causes the problem of increasing a width dimension of the electromagnetic relay (a dimension in a direction in which the fixed contacts are adjacent).
Further, due to the need for extending the arc high upward, it is necessary to dispose a tall permanent magnet, thus causing the problem of impeding the reduction in height of the electromagnetic relay.
In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide an electromagnetic relay that is small in a width dimension, and short in height.
An electromagnetic relay according to the present invention, comprises:
According to the present invention, the magnetic field generation unit is disposed so as to attract the arc generated between the movable contact and the fixed contact in a direction that, as seen from the fixed contact or the movable contact, is opposite to the facing movable contact or the facing fixed contact, and in a direction opposite to the base. This eliminates the need for disposing the permanent magnet in a width dimension of the electromagnetic relay (a vertical direction to a direction in which the fixed contact and the movable contact come into or out of contact with each other, and a parallel direction to the base), thus enabling an electromagnetic relay with a small width dimension to be obtained. In addition to this, the arc is attracted in the direction that, as seen from the fixed contact or the movable contact, is opposite to the facing movable contact or the facing fixed, contact, and in the direction opposite to the base. That is, the arc is attracted obliquely backward as seen from the fixed contact or the movable contact, thereby eliminating the need for disposing a rail permanent magnet as in the conventional example, to enable a short, small electromagnetic relay to be obtained.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the movable contact piece may have a substantially T-shape with a large width portion at a tip, and a plurality of the movable contacts may be each fixed to the free end of the large width portion.
According to the present embodiment, since the generated arc is attracted obliquely backward as seen from the fixed contact or the movable contact, the arc is hard to come into contact with the movable contact piece itself, and there is thus an advantage in being able to prevent deterioration in the movable contact piece.
As another embodiment of the present invention, the magnetic field generation unit may be made up of a permanent magnet and an auxiliary yoke, and
the auxiliary yoke may be disposed so as to be adjacent to the permanent magnet, while the permanent magnet is disposed in a direction in which the fixed contact and the movable contact come into and out of contact with each other. According to the present embodiment, it is possible to change a direction of a magnetic force line of the permanent magnet via the auxiliary yoke. That is, by adjusting the shape or the position of the auxiliary yoke, the attracting direction of the arc generated between the fixed contact and the movable contact can be adjusted to a desired direction. Further, by making the auxiliary yoke adjacent to the permanent magnet, the leakage of a magnetic flux of the permanent magnet is reduced to improve the magnetic efficiency, thus enabling reduction in size of the permanent magnet.
As a different embodiment of the present invention, an arc extinguishing space may be disposed on the upper surface of the base, the space being located in a direction that, as seen from the fixed contact or the movable contact, is opposite to a facing movable contact or a facing fixed contact.
According to the present embodiment, it is possible to extend the arc long in the arc extinguishing space, and thereby to efficiently extinguish the arc.
As a different embodiment of the present invention, the arc extinguishing space may be formed between a partition wall provided, on the upper surface of the base and a terminal hole for disposing on the base a fixed contact terminal on which the fixed contact is disposed.
According to the present embodiment, damage on internal components can be prevented by the partition wall, thus enabling an electromagnetic relay with a long lifetime to be obtained.
As a new embodiment of the present invention, a metal arc cut-off member may be disposed in the arc extinguishing space.
According to the present embodiment, the generated arc is rapidly cooled by the arc cut-off member and then extinguished, and it is thus possible to obtain an electromagnetic relay capable of more efficiently extinguishing the arc.
As another embodiment of the present invention, the electromagnetic relay may comprise:
a plurality of pairs of the movable contacts and the fixed contacts;
a first magnetic field generation unit disposed so as to attract an arc generated between a first movable contact and a first fixed contact in a direction that, as seen, from the first movable contact or the first fixed contact, is opposite to a facing first fixed contact or a facing first movable contact, and in a direction opposite to the base; and
a second magnetic field generation unit disposed so as to attract an arc generated between a second movable contact and a second fixed contact and an arc generated between a third movable contact and a third fixed, contact in an opposite direction to each other.
According to the present embodiment, by use of a plurality of permanent magnets, the generated arc can be attracted in a variety of directions to increase the flexibility in designing, and a dead space can be effectively used to reduce the size of the electromagnetic relay.
As another embodiment of the present invention, the second movable contact and the third movable contact, and the second fixed contact and the third fixed contact, may be disposed so as to respectively be adjacent to each other, and
the second magnetic field generation unit may attract the arc generated between the second movable contact and the second fixed contact toward the upper surface of the base, and attracts the arc generated between the third movable contact and the third fixed contact in a direction opposite to the upper surface of the base.
According to the present embodiment, by use of magnetic force of the second permanent magnet, there is an effect in that an arc generated between a specific movable contact and fixed contact, out of a plurality of pairs of movable contacts and fixed contacts, can be attracted in a predetermined direction to further increase the flexibility in designing, and a dead space can be effectively used to further reduce the size of the electromagnetic relay.
Electromagnetic relays of an embodiment according to the present invention are described in accordance with attached drawings of
An electromagnetic relay according to the embodiment are roughly configured of a base 10, fixed contact terminals 21 to 24, a magnetic field generation unit 35, an electromagnetic block 40, a movable iron piece 60, movable contact pieces 80, 81, and a cover 90, as shown in
As shown in
According to the present embodiment, there is an advantage that an increase in size of the electromagnetic relay can be avoided by effectively using the dead space of the base 10 as the arc extinguishing space 19.
In the lower surface of the base 10, as shown in
As shown in
As shown in
As shown in
Directions of magnetic poles of the first permanent magnet 30 and the second permanent magnet 32 are set corresponding to a direction of a current that flows between the fixed, contacts 21a to 24a and the movable contacts 86a, 86b, 87a, 87b when fixed contact terminals 22, 23 are electrically connected. Hence, the first permanent magnet 30, the auxiliary yoke 31, and the second permanent magnet 32 can attract arcs respectively generated between the fixed contacts 21a, 22a, 23a, 24a and the movable contacts 86a, 86b, 87a, 87b in predetermined directions to extend and extinguish the arcs.
In particular, by adjusting the shape or the position of the auxiliary yoke 31, magnetic force lines of the first permanent magnet 30 can be changed in desired directions. It is thus possible to prevent leakage of a magnetic flux of the first permanent magnet 30 in the first permanent magnet 30 while adjusting the arc attracting direction, thereby to enhance the magnetic efficiency. Thus, in order to obtain such effects, the auxiliary yoke 31 is provided.
That is, as shown in
Further, the first permanent magnet 30 and the auxiliary yoke 31 are disposed so as to generate magnetic force lines that can attract the arc generated between the fixed contact 24a and the movable contact 87b in the direction opposite to the movable contact 87b as seen from the fixed contact 24a.
The second permanent magnet 32 is disposed so as to generate magnetic force lines that can attract the arc generated between the fixed contact 22a and the movable contact 86b so as to move to the upper surface of the base 10.
Further, the second permanent magnet 32 is disposed so as to generate magnetic force lines that can attract the arc generated between the fixed contact 23a and the movable contact 87a in the direction opposite to the upper surface of the base 10.
Note that the electromagnetic relay according to the present embodiment has four poles. However, in the present embodiment, the arc generated between the facing fixed contact 22a and movable contact 86b and the arc generated between the facing fixed contact 23a and movable contact 87a can be attracted by three permanent magnets in predetermined directions. Hence, there is an advantage that the number of components is smaller than in the conventional case.
In the present embodiment, the description has been given of the configuration where, as shown in
In the present embodiment, the first permanent magnet 30 having large magnetic force and the second permanent magnet 32 having small magnetic force are combined. That is, the magnetic force of the first permanent magnet 30 is larger than the magnetic force of the second permanent magnet 32. This is for preventing generation of the arcs between the fixed contacts 22a, 23a and the movable contacts 86b, 87a, and respectively attracting the arcs generated between the fixed contacts 21a, 24a and the movable contacts 86a, 87b to the arc extinguishing spaces 19, 19, to efficiently extinguish the arcs. Note that the second permanent magnet 32 may be provided as necessary.
Then, the first permanent magnet 30 and the auxiliary yoke 31 are inserted into the notched groove 17 (
According to the present embodiment, the first and second permanent magnets 30, 32 and the auxiliary yoke 31 are assembled from the lower surface of the base 10. Hence, it is possible to prevent deterioration in the first and second permanent magnets 30, 32 and the auxiliary yoke 31 caused by the generated arc. Further, since the thickness dimension of the base 10 is effectively usable, it is possible to obtain a space-saving electromagnetic relay.
Note that all of the first permanent magnet 30, the auxiliary yoke 31, and the second permanent magnet 32 are not necessarily required to be assembled from the lower surface of the base 10, but may be assembled from the upper surface of the base 10 as needed.
Further, the permanent magnet, or the permanent magnet and the auxiliary yoke, may be disposed behind each of the fixed contacts 21a to 24a.
The foregoing auxiliary yoke 31 is not restricted to the rectangular-shaped platy magnetic member, but may, for example, have a substantially L-shape in front view (
Further, the foregoing auxiliary yoke 31 may be a rectangular platy magnetic member with chamfered corners (
In the arc extinguishing space 19, for example, an arc cut-off member 100 as shown in
The arc cut-off member 100 is formed by bending a strip metal plate to have a substantially J-shape in cross section. A plurality of projections 101 being substantially triangular in cross section are provided to project from the front surface of arc cut-off member 100. The projections 101 is for expanding a contacting area with the arc to enhance the rapid cooling efficiency. At both-side edges of the front surface of the arc cut-off member 100, ribs 102 are bent and raised so as to face each other. Further, at both-side edges of the bottom surface of the arc cut-off member 100, ribs 103 are bent and raised so as to face each other. The ribs 102, 103 are for preventing leakage of the generated arc from the arc extinguishing space 19.
As another arc cut-off member 100, for example as shown in
As shown in
In the spool 41, a through hole 45 being rectangular in cross section is provided in a trunk portion 44 having flange portions 42, 43 at both ends, and an insulating rib 46 is provided to laterally project from the outward surface of one flange portion 42. Further, the removal of the spool 41 is prevented by engaging relay clips 50 into engaging holes 47 provided at both-side edges of the other flange portion 43 (
As shown in
As shown in
The yoke 55 is made of a magnetic plate that is bent to have a substantially L-shape in cross section. In the yoke 55, an engaging projection 56a is bent and raised at the center of a horizontal portion 56, and supporting projections 56b are cut and raised at both-side edges of the tip of the horizontal portion 56. Further, the yoke 55 is formed in such a shape that the lower end 57a of the vertical portion 57 can be press-fitted into the press-fitting hole 14 of the base 10.
The movable iron piece 60 is made of a platy magnetic member. As shown in
In the movable iron piece 60, the notched portion 62 is engaged to the supporting projections 56b of the yoke 55. Further, the movable iron piece 60 is rotatably supported by coupling the engaging projection 61 to the engaging projection 56a of the yoke 55 via a restoring spring 63.
The movable contact pieces 80, 81 each have a substantially T-shape in front view, and the movable contacts 86a, 86b, 87a, 87b are fixed at both ends of large width portions 82, 83 of the movable contact pieces 80, 81 via conductive lining members 34, 85. The lining members 84, 85 substantially increase sectional areas of the large width portions 82, 83 to reduce electric resistance and suppress heat generation. Further, as described above, the arc is attracted so as to move obliquely upward in the direction opposite to the movable contact 86a and the movable contact 87b, as seen from the fixed, contacts 21a, 24a. Accordingly, the generated arc is hard to come into contact with the movable contact pieces 80, 81 themselves, movable contact pieces 80, 81 caused by the arc.
The movable contact pieces 80, 81 are integrally formed by insert-molding of the top ends thereof with a movable stage 74. Then as shown in
Then, the electromagnetic block 40 mounted with the movable contact pieces 80, 81 is housed into the base 10, and a flange portion 42 of the spool 41 is placed on the stepped portion 13 (
Specifically, at least either the insulating rib 46 or 72 is disposed so as to cut off the shortest-distance straight line connecting between each of the fixed contacts 22a, 23a (or the fixed contact terminals 22, 23) and the magnetic pole portion 53. This leads to an increase in spatial distance from the magnetic pole portion 53 of the iron core 52 to each of the fixed contacts 22a, 23a, and high insulating properties can thus be obtained.
Further, the insulating rib 72 may be disposed so as to cut off the shortest-distance straight line connecting between the tip edge of the insulating rib 46 and the magnetic pole portion 53. This can lead to an increase in spatial distance from the magnetic pole portion 53 of the iron core 52 to each of the fixed contacts 22a-23a, and higher insulating properties can thus be obtained.
Note that a length dimension of the insulating rib 46 projecting from the outward surface of the flange portion 42 is preferably a length dimension that is smaller than a distance from the outward surface of the flange portion 42 to the tip of each of the fixed contacts 22a, 23a. This is because, if the length dimension of the insulating rib 46 is a length dimension that is larger than the distance from the outward surface of the flange portion 42 to the tip of each of the fixed contacts 22a, 23a, operation of the movable contact pieces 80, 81 might be hindered. As another reason, the arcs respectively generated between the fixed contacts 22a, 23a and the movable contacts 86b, 87a are more likely to hit against the insulating rib 72, causing the insulating rib 72 to easily deteriorate. Accordingly, a more preferable length dimension of the insulating rib 46 is a length dimension from the outward surface of the flange portion 42 to the outward surface of each of the fixed contact terminals 22, 23.
As shown in
Thus, when the cover 90 is fitted to the base 10 with the electromagnetic block 40 assembled therein, the engagement receiving portion 92 of the cover 90 is engaged and fixed to the engaging claw portion 10a of the base 10. The position regulation ribs 93 then come into contact with the horizontal portion 56 of the yoke 55 to regulate lifting of the electromagnetic block 40 (
In the present embodiment, the sealing material is injected to enable the first and second permanent magnets 30, 32 and the auxiliary yoke 31 to be fixed onto the base 10, while simultaneously sealing a gap between the base 10 and the cover 90. Thus, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to obtain an electromagnetic relay taking a small number of operation steps and having high productivity.
Next, the operation of the above embodiment is described.
When the electromagnetic block 40 is not excited, as shown in
When a voltage is applied to the coil 51 for excitation, the movable iron piece 60 is attracted to the magnetic pole portion 53 of the iron core 52, and the movable iron piece 60 rotates clockwise against the spring force of the restoring spring 63. For this reason, the movable contact pieces 80, 81 rotate together with the movable iron piece 60, and the movable contacts 86a, 86b, 87a, 87b respectively come into contact with the fixed contacts 21a, 22a, 23a, 24a. Thereafter, the movable iron piece 60 is attracted to the magnetic pole portion 53 of the iron core 52 (
Subsequently, when the application of the voltage to the coil 51 is stopped, the movable iron piece 60 rotates clockwise by the spring force of the restoring spring 63, and the movable iron piece 60 is separated from the magnetic pole portion 53 of the iron core 52. Thereafter, the movable contacts 86a, 86b, 87a, 87b are respectively separated from the fixed contacts 21a, 22a, 23a, 24a to return to the original state.
According to the present embodiment, as shown in
According to the present embodiment, the arc 110 can be attracted to the oblique backward of the fixed contacts 21a, 24a and extinguished only by the first permanent magnet 30. The oblique backward of the fixed contacts 21a, 24a here means a direction that, as seen from the fixed contacts 21a, 24a, is opposite to the facing movable contacts 86a, 87b, and in the direction opposite to the base.
Further, by disposing the auxiliary yoke 31, the arc 110 can be attracted in a right and left direction, to adjust the attracting direction. The right and left direction of the arc 110 means a direction vertical to a direction in which the fixed contacts 21a, 24a and the movable contacts 86a, 87b face each other, as well as a direction parallel to the upper surface of the base.
Thus, according to the present embodiment, the generated arc 110 does not come into contact with the inner surface of the cover 90 and the electromagnetic block 40, to thereby be extended obliquely backward in an appropriate direction. This enables more effective extinguish of the arc 110.
According to the present embodiment, there is an advantage that an increase in size of the apparatus can be avoided since the dead space located behind each of the fixed contacts 21a, 24a is effectively used as the arc extinguishing space 19.
Needless to say, the shapes, sizes, materials, disposition, and the like of the first and second permanent magnets 30, 32 and the auxiliary yoke 31 are not restricted to those described above, but can be changed as necessary.
A working example 1 is an analysis of directions and strength of the magnetic force lines in the case of combining the first and second permanent magnets 30, 32 with the auxiliary yoke 31.
As an analysis result, the directions of the magnetic force lines are shown by vector lines (
A working example 2 is an analysis of directions and strength of the magnetic force lines in the case of disposing the components in the same manner as in the working example 1 described above except for not providing the auxiliary yoke 31.
As an analysis result, the directions of the magnetic force lines are shown by vector lines (
It could be confirmed from
Further, it could be confirmed, by comparing the results described in
The present invention is not restricted to the DC electromagnetic relay, but may be applied to an AC electromagnetic relay.
Although the cases of applying the present invention to the electromagnetic relay with the four poles have been described in the above embodiments, this is not restrictive, and it may be applied to an electromagnetic relay with at least one pole.
Further, the present invention is not restricted to the electromagnetic relay, but may be applied to a switch.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2014-247345 | Dec 2014 | JP | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2015/071277 | 7/27/2015 | WO | 00 |
| Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| WO2016/088403 | 6/9/2016 | WO | A |
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