Patent Application
20190211604
The present disclosure relates generally to a power-operated electromechanical strut of the type used in a motor vehicle power closure system for controlling movement of a closure member between open and closed positions. More particularly, the present disclosure is directed toward such an electromechanical strut having a motor-gearbox assembly equipped with an electric motor, a planetary gearset and an integrated flex coupling.
This section provides background information which is not necessarily prior art to the inventive concepts associated with the present disclosure.
Lift gates provide convenient access to the cargo areas of hatchbacks, wagons, and other utility vehicles. Typically, the lift gate is hand operated and requires manual effort to move it between open and closed positions. Depending on the size and weight of the lift gate, this effort can be difficult for some users. Additionally, manually opening or closing a lift gate can be inconvenient, particularly when the user's hands are full.
To reduce the effort and inconvenience of manually opening a lift gate, gas struts can be mounted between the vehicle body and the lift gate and which are operable to reduce the force required to raise the lift gate. However, gas struts also hinder efforts to subsequently close the lift gate since the gas struts re-pressurize upon closing, thereby increasing the effort required. Additionally, the efficacy of gas struts varies according to the ambient temperature. Furthermore, the use of gas struts still requires that the lift gate is manually opened and closed.
As an alternative to manually-operated lift gates, some vehicles are equipped with a power lift gate system which typically include one or more power actuators configured to apply a force to the lift gate to control movement between the open and closed position. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 6,516,567 discloses a power actuator that works in tandem with a gas strut. The power actuator includes an electric motor mounted within the vehicle body that is coupled, via a flexible rotary cable, to an extensible strut that is pivotally mounted between the vehicle body and the lift gate. The electric motor can be controlled to raise and lower the lift gate without manual effort. A controller unit controls actuation of the electric motor and can be in communication with a remote key fob button or a button located in the passenger compartment or on the lift gate itself. However, this type of power actuator is not without its disadvantages. For example, the vehicle body must be specifically designed to provide a space to house the electric motor. Due to the limited space available, the motor is small and still requires the assistance of a gas strut. Additionally, because the power actuator is designed to work in tandem with a gas strut, the gas strut can still vary in efficacy due to temperature. As such, the electric motor must be balanced to provide the correct amount of power with varying degrees of mechanical assistance from the gas strut.
U.S. Publication No. US2004/0084265 provides various examples of electromechanical power actuators for power lift gate systems. These electromechanical power actuators include an electric motor and a first reduction gearset coupled via a flexible rotary cable to a second reduction gearset which, in turn, is coupled via a slip clutch to a rotatable piston rod. Rotation of the piston rod causes a spindle drive mechanism to translate an extensible strut that is adapted to be pivotally mounted between the vehicle body and the lift gate. The slip clutch functions to permit the piston rod to rotate relative to the second gearset when a torque exceeding its preload is exerted on the lift gate so as to accommodate manual operation of the lift gate without damaging the electromechanical power actuator. A helical compression spring is installed in the power actuator to provide a counter balancing force against the weight of the lift gate.
U.S. Publication No. US2012/0000304 discloses several embodiments of power-operated drive mechanisms for moving trunk lids and lift gates between open and closed positions. The power-operated drive mechanisms have an offset configuration employing an electric motor-driven worm gearset to rotate an externally-threaded jackscrew for translating an extensible strut. A slip clutch is shown to be disposed between an output gear of the worm gearset and the rotatable jackscrew. In addition, a coupler unit is provided between the motor output shaft and the worm of the worm gearset. The coupler unit includes a first coupler member fixed for rotation with the worm shaft, a second coupler member fixed for rotation with the motor output shaft, and a resilient spider member interdigitated between fingers extending from the first and second coupler members. The coupler unit provides axial and circumferential isolation between the first and second coupler members and functions to absorb transient or torsional shock loads between the motor shaft and the worm shaft. While use of such a coupler unit provides enhanced damping characteristics and accommodates mis-alignments, the addition of such a coupler unit to the power-operated drive mechanism increases packaging requirements and assembly complexity.
It is evident that conventional power actuators and power-operated drive mechanisms perform satisfactorily for their intended purpose. However, there is a need to provide alternatives that obviate or mitigate at least one of the above-identified disadvantages of the prior art.
This section provides a general summary of the disclosure and is not a comprehensive disclosure of its full scope or all of its features, aspects or objectives.
Accordingly, it is an aspect of the present disclosure to provide an electromechanical strut for use in a powered closure system in a motor vehicle for controlling movement of a closure member between an open position and a closed position relative to a motor vehicle body.
It is a related aspect of the present disclosure to provide an electromechanical strut for use in a power lift gate system of a motor vehicle.
It is a further aspect of the present disclosure to provide such an electromechanical strut with a motor-gearbox assembly integrating an electric motor unit, a gearbox unit, and a flexible coupling unit into a common assembly.
It is a further aspect of the present disclosure to configure the gearbox unit to include a planetary geartrain having an input component driven by the electric motor unit and an output component. In addition, the flexible coupling unit is radially disposed between the output component of the planetary geartrain and a rotary input to a rotary-to-linear conversion device configured to move the closure member between its open and closed positions.
It is a related aspect of the present disclosure that the flex coupling unit establish a first drive interface with the output component of the planetary geartrain and also establish a second drive interface with the rotary input of the rotary-to-linear conversion device. The first drive interface is established by radial drive lugs formed in a drum segment of the output component being seated in first slots formed in a resilient coupling member. Likewise, the second drive interface is established by radial driven lugs formed on the rotary input to the rotary-to-linear conversion device being seated in second slots formed in the coupling member.
As a further aspect of the present disclosure, the gearbox unit has a dual-stage planetary geartrain configured such that a first stage gearset is driven by a rotary output of the electric motor unit and a second stage gearset is driven by the first stage gearset to provide a torque multiplication and speed reduction function between the rotary output of the electric motor unit and the rotary input of a rotary-to-linear conversion device. The flexible coupling unit is operably disposed between the second stage gearset and the rotary input in a compact radial configuration.
It is another aspect of the present disclosure to provide an electromechanical strut for moving a pivotal closure member between an open position and a closed position relative to a motor vehicle body. The electromechanical strut includes a housing operably connected to one of the closure member and the motor vehicle body. An extensible member is slideably moveable relative to the housing and is operably connected to the other one of the closure member and the motor vehicle body. A power-operated drive mechanism is operable for converting rotary motion of a drive member into linear motion of the extensible member for moving the extensible member between a retracted position relative to the housing which corresponds to the closed position of the closure member and an extended position relative to the housing which corresponds to the open position of the closure member. The drive mechanism includes a motor-gearbox assembly of the present disclosure. The motor-gearbox assembly includes an electric motor unit, a gearbox unit and a flex coupling unit. The electric motor unit includes a rotary output member. The gearbox unit includes a planetary geartrain having a rotary input component drivingly coupled to the rotary output member of the electric motor unit and a rotary output component. The flex coupling unit includes a flexible coupling member defining a first drive interface with the rotary output component of the planetary geartrain and a second drive interface with the drive member.
It is yet another aspect of the present disclosure to provide the gearbox unit for interconnecting a rotary output of the motor unit to the rotary drive member of a rotary-to-linear conversion device. The gearbox unit includes a gearbox housing that defines an internal gearbox chamber and a dual-stage planetary geartrain disposed within the gearbox chamber. The dual-stage planetary geartrain includes a non-rotary ring gear mounted to, or formed integrally with, the gearbox housing. The ring gear has a first ring gear segment and a second ring gear segment which together define a continuous gear tooth pattern. The dual-stage planetary geartrain also includes a first stage gearset and a second stage gearset. The first stage gearset is associated with the first ring gear segment and is driven by the rotary output of the motor unit. The second stage gearset is associated with the second ring gear segment and is driven by the first stage gearset for driving the rotary drive member (via the flex coupling unit) at a reduced speed ratio relative to the rotary output of the motor unit.
In accordance with these and other aspects of the present disclosure, the first stage gearset of the dual-stage planetary geartrain includes a first sun gear driven by the motor output, a first planet carrier having a plurality of first pins, and a plurality of first planet gears each being rotatably supported on one of the first pins and in constant meshed engagement with the first sun gear and the first ring gear segment of the ring gear. The second stage gearset of the dual-stage planetary geartrain includes a second sun gear driven by the first planet carrier, a second planet carrier having a plurality of second pins, and a plurality of second planet gears each being rotatably supported on one of the second pins and in constant meshed engagement with the second sun gear and the second ring gear segment of the ring gear. The second planet carrier of the dual-stage planetary geartrain also includes a tubular drum segment which extends axially from the gearbox housing. The flexible coupling member is disposed within the tubular drum segment and is operably connected via the first and second drive interfaces to an adaptor that is fixed for rotation with the drive member.
In accordance with a further aspect, the second drive interface provides a second stage output component having first lugs extending into driving engagement with the flexible coupling member and the adaptor has second lugs extending into driven engagement with the resilient coupling member.
In accordance with a further aspect, the first lugs can be provided to extend radially-inwardly from the tubular drum segment into first slots formed in the flexible coupling member, and wherein the second lugs extend radially-outwardly from the adaptor into second slots formed in the flexible coupling member.
In accordance with a further aspect, the first slots can be formed to extend into a first end of the resilient coupling member and the second slots can be formed to extend into a second end of the resilient coupling member opposite the first end, wherein the first slots and the second slots can be circumferentially offset with one another and extend axially beyond one another, thereby facilitating the minimization of the axial length of the electromechanical strut.
These and other alternative embodiments are directed to providing an electromechanical strut for use in a powered closure system of a motor vehicle and having an electric motor unit, a dual-stage planetary reduction unit and a flex coupling unit integrated into a common assembly to provide enhanced operation in an axially compact arrangement.
Further areas of applicability will become apparent from the description provided herein. The description and specific examples in this summary are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure.
The drawings described herein are for illustrative purposes only of selected embodiments and not all implementations, and are not intended to limit the present disclosure to only that actually shown. With this in mind, various features and advantages of example embodiments of the present disclosure will become apparent from the written description when considered in combination with the appended Figures, wherein:
i and 8ii are sectional views of yet another electromechanical strut shown in a retracted position;
Vehicles, particularly passenger vehicles, are equipped with numerous moveable closure panels for providing openings and access within and through defined portions of the vehicle body. To enhance operator convenience, many vehicles are now equipped with power-operated closure systems to automatically control movement of all types of closure panels including, without limitation, hatch lift gates, trunk and hood deck lids, sliding and hinged doors, sun roofs and the like. The powered mechanical advantage is often provided by an electromechanical drive device including, without limitation, motor-driven gear drives, cable drives, chain drives, belt drives and power screw drives. Current development focus is largely directed to improving these popular systems through weight and part count reduction, packaging efficiency, system noise, back drive effort, cost and ease of assembly and service repair. Accordingly, the present disclosure addresses all of these issues.
For purposes of descriptive clarity, the present disclosure is described herein in the context of one or more specific vehicular applications, namely powered lift gate and deck lid systems. However, upon reading the following detailed description in conjunction with the appended drawings, it will be clear that the inventive concepts of the present disclosure can be applied to numerous other systems and applications. In this regard, the present disclosure is generally directed to electromechanical struts equipped with a power drive unit and a telescoping unit. The power drive unit includes a motor-gearbox assembly having an electric motor and a planetary geartrain driven by the electric motor. The telescoping unit includes a rotary-to-linear conversion assembly driven by the planetary geartrain of the motor-gearbox assembly. In addition, the present disclosure is also generally directed to installing an elastic, resilient flexible coupling, also referred to simply as flex coupling, between the motor-gearbox assembly and the rotary-to-linear conversion assembly. Specifically, the flex coupling is operatively coupled between a second stage gearset of the planetary geartrain, which can be provided as a dual-stage planetary geartrain, as discussed further below, and a rotary drive member, provided in an exemplary embodiment as a power screw, of the rotary-to-linear conversion assembly. More specifically, the flex coupling is shown in an exemplary embodiment as being integrated into a second stage gearset of the dual-stage planetary geartrain in a radially aligned configuration to provide enhanced packaging of the components associated with the motor-gearbox assembly, thereby minimizing the axial length of the motor-gearbox assembly and flex coupling associated therewith, which in turn reduced the overall length of the electro-mechanical strut.
The present disclosure is directed to integration of a flex coupling assembly into the drive interface between the rotary output of a planetary geartrain associated with a power drive unit and the rotary input of a rotary-to-linear conversion assembly associated with a telescoping unit, together assembled for use in an electromechanical strut for power-operated movement of a vehicle closure member (i.e. liftgate, etc.). Integration of the flex coupling assembly is preferably associated with a concentric radial orientation between the rotary output of the planetary geartrain and a rotary power screw of a power-operated spindle drive mechanism. Such a concentric radial orientation provides reduced overall axial length of the power drive unit as well as reduced component requirements and assembly complexity e.g. elimination of a coupler unit provided external the motor-gearbox assembly 600. Furthermore, the overall axial length can be further reduced between illustrated embodiments of the motor-gearbox assembly 600 and the motor-gearbox assembly 600′, e.g. a sprag 816 of the motor-gearbox assembly 600 can be eliminated as well as one of the spline interfaces (e.g. interdigitated lugs between lugs extending a sprag ring 816 and a coupler plate 818) may be eliminated thus reducing cost, components, and design complexity and assembly complexity.
Example embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough, and will fully convey the scope to those who are skilled in the art. Numerous specific details are set forth such as examples of specific components, devices, and methods, to provide a thorough understanding of embodiments of the present disclosure. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that specific details need not be employed, that example embodiments may be embodied in many different forms and that neither should be construed to limit the scope of the disclosure. In some example embodiments, well-known processes, well-known device structures, and well-known technologies are not described in detail.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular example embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” may be intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The terms “comprises,” “comprising,” “including,” and “having,” are inclusive and therefore specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not to be construed as necessarily requiring their performance in the particular order discussed or illustrated, unless specifically identified as an order of performance. It is also to be understood that additional or alternative steps may be employed.
When an element or layer is referred to as being “on,” “engaged to,” “connected to,” or “coupled to” another element or layer, it may be directly on, engaged, connected or coupled to the other element or layer, or intervening elements or layers may be present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being “directly on,” “directly engaged to,” “directly connected to,” or “directly coupled to” another element or layer, there may be no intervening elements or layers present. Other words used to describe the relationship between elements should be interpreted in a like fashion (e.g., “between” versus “directly between,” “adjacent” versus “directly adjacent,” etc.). As used herein, the term “and/or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms may be only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from another region, layer or section. Terms such as “first,” “second,” and other numerical terms when used herein do not imply a sequence or order unless clearly indicated by the context. Thus, a first element, component, region, layer or section discussed below could be termed a second element, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teachings of the example embodiments.
Spatially relative terms, such as “inner,” “outer,” “beneath,” “below,” “lower,” “above,” “upper,” and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element(s) or feature(s) as illustrated in the figures. Spatially relative terms may be intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as “below” or “beneath” other elements or features would then be oriented “above” the other elements or features. Thus, the example term “below” can encompass both an orientation of above and below. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptions used herein interpreted accordingly.
Referring now to
Referring now to
Motor-gearbox assembly 36 includes an electric motor 42, a slip clutch 44, and a geared reduction gearset 46 operable for driving a rotary drive member, such as a power screw 40 associated with a spindle-type drive mechanism. Motor 42 is mounted within chamber 24 near end wall 26. Motor 42 is secured to at least one of cylindrical sidewall 54 and end wall 26 to prevent undesired vibrations or rotation. Motor 42 may be a direct current bi-directional motor. Electrical power and directional control for motor 42 is provided via electrical cables that connect from the vehicle body through apertures (not shown) in end wall 26. Clutch 44 is connected to an output shaft of motor 42. Clutch 44 provides a selective engagement between the output shaft of motor 42 and a rotary input component of reduction gearset 46. Clutch 44 may be an electromechanical clutch that engages reduction gearset 46 when motor 42 is activated. When clutch 44 is engaged, torque is transferred from motor 42 to reduction gearset 46. When clutch 44 is disengaged, torque is not transferred between motor 42 and reduction gearset 46 so that no back drive occurs if, for example, lift gate 21 is closed manually. Clutch 44 may also be a passive torque-limiting friction clutch configured to disconnect motor 42 from reduction gearset 46 when manual operation of lift gate 21 occurs. As an optional arrangement, clutch 44 could be operably disposed between an output component of gearset 46 and power screw 40.
Reduction gearset 46 provides speed reduction and torque multiplication for power screw 40. Reduction gearset 46 is configured as a planetary geartrain, also referred to as planetary gearset, having a ring gear 50 driven by the output of clutch 44. In turn, a number of planet gears 52 transfer power from ring gear 50 to power screw 40 via a rotary output member, such as an output gear 51, which is centrally disposed within planetary gearset 46, for providing the desired gear ratio reduction to power screw 40. Output gear 51 acts as a sun gear in planetary gearset 46. Power screw 40 extends into upper housing 14. A coupling unit 53 interconnects output gear 51 of planetary gearset 46 to an input segment of power screw 40. Coupling unit 53 may provide for and accommodate misalignment between output gear 51 and power screw 40 while providing a damping feature to minimize shock loading. Coupling unit 53 and slip clutch 44 may be integrated into a common assembly to provide enhanced functionality and improved packaging efficiency.
Extensible member 16 has a cylindrical sidewall 54 defining a chamber 56 and is concentrically mounted between upper housing 14 and power screw 40. As described earlier, second pivot mount 20 is attached to the distal end of extensible member 16. The proximal end of extensible member 16 is open. A drive nut 58, also associated with the spindle-type drive mechanism, is mounted around the proximal end of extensible member 16 relative to lower housing 12 and is threadedly coupled with power screw 40 in order to convert the rotational movement of power screw 40 into the linear motion of extensible member 16 along the axis of power screw 40. The combination of threaded power screw 40 and threaded drive nut 58 defines the rotary-to-linear conversion device and, more particularly, the threaded spindle-type drive assembly. More specifically, internal threads formed in drive nut 58 are in threaded engagement with external threads formed on power screw 40. Drive nut 58 includes at least two external lugs 60 that extend into opposing coaxial slots 62 formed on the inside of upper housing 14 to prevent drive nut 58 from rotating. The length of slots 62 defines the retracted and the extended positions of extensible member 16. Alternatively, a spindle drive assembly could be used in electromechanical strut 10 having an internally-threaded drive nut 58 driven by the output of planetary gearset 46 and threadedly meshed with an externally-threaded power screw 40 connected to extensible member 16. As a further alternative, a ballscrew drive assembly could be used in lieu of the spindle drive assembly without departing from the scope of the invention. An integrally-formed outer lip 64 in upper housing 14 provides an environmental seal between chamber 34 and the outside.
A spring housing 38 is provided in lower housing 12 and is defined by cylindrical sidewall 22, end wall 28, and a flange 66. Within spring housing 38, a power spring 68 is coiled around power screw 40, providing a mechanical counterbalance to the weight of lift gate 21. Preferably formed from a strip of steel, power spring 68 assists in raising lift gate 21 both in its powered and un-powered modes. One end of power spring 68 is attached to power screw 40 and the other is secured to a portion of cylindrical sidewall 22. When extensible member 16 is in its retracted position, power spring 68 is tightly coiled around power screw 40. As power screw 40 rotates to extend extensible member 16, power spring 68 uncoils, releasing its stored energy and transmitting an axial force through extensible member 16 to help raise lift gate 21. When power screw 40 subsequently rotates to retract extensible member 16, power spring 68 recharges by recoiling around power screw 40.
Power spring 68 stores sufficient energy when coiled to drive power screw 40 to fully raise lift gate 21, even when motor-gear assembly 36 is not engaged (typically by unlatching lift gate 21 to raise it manually.) In addition to assisting to drive power screw 40, power spring 68 provides a preloading force that reduces starting resistance and wear for motor 42. Furthermore, power spring 68 provides dampening assistance when lift gate 21 is closed. Unlike a gas strut, power spring 68 is generally not affected by temperature variations, nor does it unduly resist manual efforts to close lift gate 21. Although the present embodiment describes power spring 68 that uncoils to assist in raising lift gate 21 and recoils to lower lift gate 21, it has been contemplated that a power spring 68 could be provided that uncoils when lowering the lift gate and recoils when raising the lift gate.
Referring to
Motor-gearbox assembly 36′ is disposed within chamber 24′. Motor-gearbox assembly 36′ includes electric motor unit 42′ and a planetary geartrain, also referred to as geared reduction gearset unit 46′ for driving power screw 40′. Geared reduction unit 46′ is a planetary gearset having planet gears 52′ that transfer power from a ring gear 50′ to a rotary output member, such as a central output gear 51′ for rotatably driving power screw 40′ via a coupling unit 53′. In this arrangement, coupling unit 53′ may act as an integrated flex coupling and slip clutch device, as will be detailed hereinafter.
Extensible member 16′ extends between opposing first 70 and second 72 ends. First end 70 of extensible member 16′ is open and second end 72 of extensible member 16′ is closed off by an end wall 76. Second end 72 of extensible member 16′ is connected to pivot mount 20′. Extensible member 16′ includes an outer cylindrical wall 78 and an inner cylindrical wall 80 spaced apart inwardly from outer cylindrical wall 78. One end of inner cylindrical wall 80 is connected to end wall 76. Outer cylindrical wall 78 and inner cylindrical wall 80 define a toroidal chamber 82 therebetween. One end of toroidal chamber 82 is closed off by end wall 76 and an opposing end of toroidal chamber 82 defines an opening 84. Inner cylindrical wall 80 further defines a cylindrical chamber 86 inward of toroidal chamber 82. Cylindrical chamber 86 is separated from toroidal chamber 82 by inner cylindrical wall 80.
Drive nut 58′ is rigidly mounted in cylindrical chamber 86 of extensible member 16′. Drive nut 58′ is threadedly coupled with power screw 40′ in order to convert the rotational movement of power screw 40′ into linear motion of extensible member 16′ along a longitudinal axis 87 of power screw 40′. Power screw 40′ and drive nut 58′ define a threaded spindle drive assembly. Power spring 68′ is seated within toroidal chamber 82. Power spring 68′ includes one end 88 engaging to second end 72 of extensible member 16′, and another end 90 engaging to upper housing 14′ adjacent lower housing 12′. Power spring 68′ is a coil spring that uncoils and recoils as extensible member 16′ moves relative to upper 14′ and lower 12′ housings. It is, however, appreciated that the particular type of spring may vary.
In powered operation, torque provided by motor 42′ is transferred via planetary gearset 46′ to power screw 40′ for causing linear motion of extensible member 16′, as described above. For manual operation, motor 42′ and planetary gearset 46′ can be back driven and/or coupling 53′ can releasably disconnect power screw 40′ from gearset 46′. The friction in the system due to the direct engagement of motor 42′ and planetary gearset 46′ with power screw 40′ allows lift gate 21 to remain still in any intermediate position between the open and closed positions. Electromechanical strut 10′ thus provides stable intermediate positions for the lift gate (useful, for example, for garages with low ceilings) without power consumption by using the internal friction of motor-gearbox assembly 36′.
Power spring 68′ provides a mechanical counterbalance to the weight of lift gate 21. Power spring 68′, which may be a coil spring, assists in raising lift gate 21 both in its powered and un-powered modes. When extensible member 16 is in the retracted position, power spring 68′ is tightly compressed between extensible member 16′ and lower housing 12′. As power screw 40′ rotates to extend member 16′, power spring 68′ extends as well for releasing its stored energy and transmitting an axial force through member 16′ to help raise lift gate 21. When power screw 40′ rotates to retract extensible member 16′, or when lift gate 21 is manually closed, power spring 68′ is compressed between member 16′ and lower housing 12′ and thus recharges.
In addition to assisting in driving power screw 40′, power spring 68′ also provides a preloading force for reducing starting resistance and wear of motor 42′. Furthermore, power spring 68′ provides dampening assistance when the lift gate 21 is closed. Unlike a gas strut, power spring 68′ is generally not affected by temperature variations, nor does it unduly resist manual efforts to close the lift gate 21.
A motor-gearbox assembly 135, including a motor unit 142 and a geared reduction unit 136, drives a power screw 140 which, in turn, drives extensible member 116 as is discussed in greater detail below. In this particular embodiment, motor 142 is an electric motor mounted in a housing 143 while geared reduction unit 136 is a two-stage geartrain 136. More particularly, motor 142 features an output shaft 150 with a rotary output member, such as a worm 151 fixedly mounted thereon that extends into gearbox housing 124. Worm 151 drivingly engages a worm gear 152 mounted in gearbox housing 124. Worm 151 and worm gear 152 define a worm gearset. Worm gear 152, in turn, includes an integral or rigidly mounted shaft 153 extending transversely from worm gear 152 along its rotational axis, thus providing a first stage speed reduction and torque multiplication. Shaft 153 is journalled in gearbox housing 124 and features a pinion gear 155 that drivingly engages a drive gear 156, thus providing a second stage of speed reduction and torque multiplication. In the present embodiment, two-stage geartrain 136 provides about a 38:1 gear ratio reduction, although this ratio will vary depending on the specific geometry of any particular application. Power screw 140 has a non-threaded butt portion 141 that extends into and is fixedly connected in a central aperture of drive gear 156, thus transferring rotary power from motor 142 to power screw 140. In the foregoing manner, motor 142 may be mounted with its longitudinal axis 180 which is centered along motor output shaft/worm 150, 152, transverse to a longitudinal axis 187 of upper housing 114, which is centered along power screw 140. Hence, the overall length of the electromechanical strut 100 may be reduced compared to the previously described embodiments 10, 10′ of the strut.
Extensible member 116 extends between opposing first 170 and second 172 ends. First end 170 of extensible member 116 is open and second end 172 of extensible member 116 is closed off by an end wall 176. Second end 172 of extensible member 116 is connected to a mount 120. A drive nut 158 is rigidly mounted in extensible member 116 at first end 170 thereof. Drive nut 158 is threadedly coupled to power screw 140 in order to convert the rotational movement of power screw 140 into linear motion of the extensible member 116 along longitudinal axis 187 of power screw 140. Thus, power screw 140 and drive nut 158 define a threaded spindle drive assembly.
In the present embodiment, a power spring 168 is fitted over cylindrical sidewall 132. A first end 188 of spring 168 abuts or is otherwise connected to a lip 189 proximate second end 172 of extensible member 116. A second end 190 of spring 168 abuts or is otherwise connected to upper housing 114 adjacent lower housing 112. The spring 168 is a coil spring that uncoils and recoils as the extensible member 116 moves relative to upper 114 and lower 112 housings. In the mounting position shown in
In powered operation, torque provided by electric motor 142 is transferred via two-stage planetary geartrain 136 to power screw 140 for causing linear motion of extensible member 116 as described above. For manual operation, because there is no clutch, the motor 142 and geartrain 136 must be back driven. As an alternative to the direct connection between drive gear 156 and butt portion 141 of power screw 140, a coupling unit 193, shown in phantom in
Power spring 168 provides a mechanical counterbalance to the weight of the deck lid. Spring 168, which may be a coil spring, assists in raising the deck lid both in its powered and un-powered modes. When extensible member 116 is in the retracted position, power spring 168 is tightly compressed between extensible member 116 and lower housing 112. As power screw 140 rotates to extend member 116, power spring 168 extends as well, releasing its stored energy and transmitting an axial force through member 116 to help raise the deck lid. When power screw 140 rotates to retract extensible member 116, or when the deck lid is manually closed, power spring 168 is compressed between member 116 and lower housing 112 and thus recharges.
In
i, and 8ii show a cross-sectional view of an electromechanical strut 200 that has a more modular design than the previously discussed struts 10, 10′. Electromechanical strut 200 comprises two main, separable, units: a power drive unit 202 and a telescoping unit 204, which are shown in isolation in the fragmentary isometric views of
As best shown in
As best shown in
Tubular nut-shaft 281 features a cylindrical wall 280 spaced apart inwardly from cylindrical wall 278 of outer tubular casing 214. One end of cylindrical wall 280 is rigidly connected to end cap 218. Cylindrical wall 278 of outer tubular casing 214 and cylindrical wall 280 of tubular nut-shaft 281 define a toroidal chamber 282 therebetween. One end of toroidal chamber 282 is closed off by end cap 218 and an opposing end of toroidal chamber 282 defines an opening 284. Cylindrical wall 280 of tubular nut-shaft 281 further defines a cylindrical chamber 286 inward of toroidal chamber 282. Cylindrical chamber 286 is separated from toroidal chamber 282 by cylindrical wall 280. Cylindrical wall 280 of tubular nut-shaft 281 and end cap 218 have mating helical threads 283 for interconnecting these parts. As seen best in the isolated view of
A drive nut 258 (
Telescoping unit 204 includes an elongated, stationary inner guide tube 260 having an open end 262 distal to power unit 202 and an opposing end 264 proximate to and fixedly connected to power unit 202. Stationary guide tube 260 can be considered to form part of the housing connecting one end of the strut to the lift gate (or vehicle body), with the extensible member 216 connecting the other end of the strut the vehicle body (or lift gate). Stationary inner guide tube 260 is disposed in toroidal chamber 282 immediately adjacent to cylindrical wall 280 of tubular nut-shaft 281 and spaced apart inwardly from cylindrical wall 278 of outer guide tube/tubular casing 214. Stationary inner guide tube 260 fits closely over tubular nut-shaft 281 but does not extend or translate linearly with the extensible member 216.
A power spring 268 is seated within toroidal chamber 282, between stationary inner guide tube 260 and cylindrical wall 278 of outer guide tube/tubular casing 214. Power spring 268 is a coil spring that uncoils and recoils as extensible member 216 moves relative to stationary tube 260 and power unit 202. The annular spacing between stationary inner guide tube 260 and outer guide tube/tubular casing 214 is sized to closely fit the preferred toroidal form of power spring 268. One end 288 of spring 268 is connected to end cap 218 of extensible member 216 and another end 290 of spring 268 is connected to end 264 of stationary inner guide tube 260 proximate to, and ultimately supported by, power unit 202. It should be appreciated that in the present embodiment, power spring 268 is guided and supported against buckling along its entire length of travel by the combined action of stationary inner guide tube 260 which guides the inside edge of power spring 268, and outer guide tube/tubular casing 214 which guides the outer edge of power spring 268. In the preferred embodiment, when extensible member 216 is at its fully extended position, stationary inner guide tube 260 and outer guide tube/tubular casing 214 overlap or are co-extensive thus inhibiting the tendency of power spring 268 to buckle.
Power spring 268 may be composed of first and second coil segments 268A, 268B that are serially arranged in toroidal chamber 282. The first coil segment is wound a first direction, and the second coil segment is wound in the opposite direction. A thrust bearing, such as washer 266, is interposed between the first and second coil segments 268A, 268B. This arrangement is advantageous because it balances torsional loads that coil segments 268A, 268B encounter as extensible member 216 translates. In contrast, when only one spring is present, as the extensible member moves a torsional force develops at the ends of the spring that will typically cause the spring to rotate, resulting in a high frictional force due to the contact between the many coils in the spring and the outer and inner guide tubes 214, 260. Thus, the preferred embodiment decreases the friction between power spring 268 and outer and inner guide tubes 214, 260, increasing the efficiency of the system and reducing manual opening and closing efforts of the lift gate. It should be appreciated, however, that the particular type of spring may vary.
Telescoping unit 204 mounts on the power unit 202 as follows: Referring additionally to the fragmentary exploded views of
A tubular gearset coupler 238 is journalled within bearing housing 292 via ball bearings 228 (
Thus, telescoping unit 204 may be quickly and easily attached to power unit 202 by simply slipping coupler 238 over power unit output drive shaft 206 whilst interdigitating lugs 296, 226 of bearing housing 292 and flexible coupling 208. Bearing housing 292 is then preferably fixedly mounted to tubular casing 212 of the power unit 202 via screw holes 298. It should be appreciated that flexible coupling 208 eliminates the need for very precise alignment of power screw 240 with the gearset 246, reducing the need for high precision parts, whilst tolerating a rigid connection between the power screw 240 and planetary gearset 246.
Referring still to
In powered operation, torque provided by motor 242 is transferred via gearset 246 to power screw 240 for causing linear motion of extensible member 216 as described above. For manual operation, motor 242 and planetary gearset 246 are back driven. The friction in the system due to the direct engagement of motor 242 and planetary gearset 246 with power screw 240 allows the lift gate 21 to remain still, in any intermediate position, between the open and closed positions. Electromechanical strut 200 thus provides stable intermediate positions for the lift gate 21 (useful, for example, for garages with low ceilings) without power consumption by using the internal friction of motor-gearbox assembly 236.
Power spring 268 provides a mechanical counterbalance to the weight of lift gate 21. Power spring 268 may comprise two serially arranged coil spring segments which assist in raising the lift gate both in its powered and un-powered modes. When extensible member 216 is in the retracted position, power spring 268 is tightly compressed between end cap 218 of extensible member 216 and bearing housing 292 which is supported by tubular casing 212 of power unit 202. As power screw 240 rotates to extend extensible member 216, power spring 268 extends as well, releasing its stored energy and transmitting an axial force through extensible member 216 to help raise lift gate 21. When power screw 240 rotates to retract extensible member 216, or when lift gate 21 is manually closed, power spring 268 is compressed between end cap 218 and the bearing housing 292 and thus recharges.
Referring now to
Gearbox unit 604 is shown to include a gearbox housing 632 having a cylindrical drum segment 633 and a cup-shaped end segment 634. A cover ring 636 is secured to cup-shaped end segment 622 of motor housing 606 via a plurality of fasteners, such as screws 638. Cover ring 636 is configured to include an outer annular flange section 640 that is sized for receipt and retention within a recessed end portion 642 associated with drum segment 633 of gearbox housing 632. A releaseable connector, such as a twist-lock arrangement, is provided between flange section 640 of cover ring 636 and end portion 642 of drum segment 633 for releaseably securing gearbox housing 632 to motor housing 606. Cover ring 636 also includes a central aperture 644 surrounding boss segment 626 of motor housing 606 and through which motor output component 620 extends into an internal gearbox chamber 646 defined within gearbox housing 632. Cover ring 636 is formed of suitably rigid material selected to dampen vibration and act as an isolator between motor unit 602 and gearbox unit 604. As best seen in
Dual-stage planetary geartrain 630 is installed within gearbox chamber 646 and generally includes a first stage gearset 660 and a second stage gearset 662 cooperatively associated with a uniform or “common” ring gear 664 that is integrally formed in, or rigidly secured to, an inner surface of cylindrical drum segment 633 of gearbox housing 632. More specifically, first stage gearset 660 includes a first stage rotary input member, also referred to as rotary input component, shown as a first sun gear 670 coupled for common rotation with motor output component 620, a first planet carrier 672 having a plurality of circumferentially-aligned and axially-extending first pins 674, and a plurality of first satellite or planet gears 676 each being rotatably supported on a corresponding one of the plurality of first pins 674. First pins 674 can be formed integrally with, or rigidly secured to, first planet carrier 672. In the particular non-limiting example shown, a plurality of three (3) first planet gears 676 are provided in association with first stage gearset 660. Each of the plurality of first planet gears 676 is in constant mesh with first sun gear 670 and a first ring gear segment 678 of common ring gear 664. In accordance with a preferred construction, each of first sun gear 670, first planet gears 676 and first ring gear segment 678 of common ring gear 664 are formed with helical gear teeth. To accommodate axially-directed thrust loads generated by the helical gearing, first planet gears 676 are located between a planar thrust face surface 680 of first planet carrier 672 and a thrust ring 682 engaging a planar thrust face surface 684 of cover ring 636. First planet carrier 672 functions as a first stage output component and is shown to include a recessed face surface 686 offset from thrust face surface 680 and aligned with first sun gear 670.
Second stage gearset 662 includes a second stage input member, also referred to as second stage input component, shown as a second sun gear 690 driven by the first planet carrier 672 (first stage output component), a second planet carrier 692, which functions as a second stage output member, also referred to as second stage output component, having a plurality of circumferentially-aligned and axially-extending second pins 694, and a plurality of second satellite or planet gears 696 each being rotatably supported on a corresponding one of the plurality of second pins 694. Second sun gear 690 can be formed integrally with, or rigidly secured to, first planet carrier 672. Likewise, second pins 694 can be formed integrally with, or rigidly secured to, second planet carrier 692. In accordance with the non-limiting example shown, a plurality of four (4) second planet gears 696 are provided in association with second stage gearset 662. Each second planet gear 696 is in constant mesh with second sun gear 690 and a second ring gear segment 698 of common ring gear 664. In accordance with a preferred construction, each of second sun gear 690, second planet gears 696 and second ring gear segment 698 of common ring gear 664 are formed with helical gears. To accommodate axial thrust loads, each second planet gear 696 is mounted on one of second pins 694 extending between first and second carrier ring segments 700, 702 of second planet carrier 692 and which provide planar thrust surfaces. First and second carrier ring segments 700, 702 are best shown in
Second sun gear 690 is shown in
Based on the arrangement disclosed, first stage gearset 660 is configured to provide a first speed reduction between motor output component 620 and first planet carrier 672. Thus, first sun gear 670 acts as the input component of first stage gearset 660, first planet carrier 672 acts as its output component, while first ring gear segment 678 acts as its reaction component. Furthermore, second stage gearset 662 is configured to provide a second speed reduction between first planet carrier 672 and second planet carrier 692. Specifically, since second sun gear 690 is drivingly coupled for rotation with first planet carrier 672, it acts as the input component for second stage gearset 662. Likewise, since gearbox output shaft 716 is fixed for rotation with second planet carrier 692, it acts as the output component of second stage gearset 662 while second ring gear segment 698 of common ring gear 664 acts as its reaction component. Thus, a dual-stage reduction ratio drive connection is established between motor output component 620 and gearbox output component 716.
In accordance with one preferred construction for dual-stage planetary geartrain 630 it is contemplated that first ring gear segment 678 and second ring gear segment 698 of common ring gear 664 have the identical diameter and tooth pattern for providing commonality between both of first stage gearset 660 and second stage gearset 662, thereby permitting simplified manufacture, reduced noise and optimized alignment of the geared components within gearbox housing 632. In addition, the use of commonly-aligned and sized first pins 674 and second pins 694, in combination with uniform first and second ring gear segments of ring gear 664, permits use of the same satellite (planet) gears and similarly-sized sun gears for first stage gearset 660 and second stage gearset 662. The tooth pattern of common ring gear 664 is shown to be a continuous helical gear tooth pattern associated with first ring gear segment 678 and second ring gear segment 698. As such, helical gear teeth are also formed on the first and second planet gears as well as the first and second sun gears. However, the present disclosure is intended to also include the optional use of straight toothed (i.e. spur gear) gear components for dual-stage planetary geartrain 630.
To reduce weight, it is contemplated that first planet carrier 672 and/or second planet carrier 692 can be formed from rigid plastic materials or lightweight metal, such as aluminum. Likewise, gearbox housing 632 and its integrally-formed common ring gear 664 can also be made from plastic. Gearbox housing 632 preferably has a common outer diameter along its entire length. It is also contemplated that equal numbers of first and second planet gears may be used for dual-stage planetary geartrain 630, that common planet carriers may be used, and that single ring-type carriers (e.g. carrier 672) or dual ring-type carriers (e.g. carrier 692) can be used. Furthermore, different materials for the planet carriers and/or the pins can be used to accommodate torque requirements such as, for example, plastic components associated with first stage gearset 660 and metal components associated with second stage gearset 662. The use of such components permits a modular design approach and accommodate varying strength requirements while maintaining common gear component sizes for interchangeability.
While gearbox unit 604 has been shown associated with a specific motor unit 602, it is to be understood that any type of electric motor having a rotary output can be used in combination with gearbox unit 604. More specifically, gearbox unit 604 is adapted to be installed with any suitable electric motor unit to define motor-gearbox assembly 600. As such, the specific construction and type of the electric motor is not limiting provided it has a rotary output component capable of being coupled to the input of dual-stage planetary geartrain 630. Furthermore, the designation of first and second ring gear segments of common ring gear 664 is not intended to infer that different helical gear tooth profiles/configurations are required since this disclosure relates to a common ring gear 664 having a continuous helical gear tooth pattern.
In one non-limiting arrangement, the combination of teeth number associated with common ring gear 664 and first sun gear 670 and second sun gear 690 are selected to permit first stage gearset 660 to include a plurality of three (3) first planet gears 676 and second stage gearset 662 to include a plurality of four (4) second planet gears 696 to provide a desired overall speed reduction and torque multiplication while providing a very compact geartrain arrangement. However, dual-stage planetary geartrain 630 can also be configured to use differently sized planet gears and sun gears to establish differing speed ratio reductions between first stage gearset 660 and second stage gearset 662 in conjunction with common ring gear 664. In addition, gearbox unit 604 can also be adapted for use in an offset motor-gearbox assembly (
In addition to the above, the following is a summary of some advantageous features associated with the dual-stage planetary geartrain 630. The use of a planetary gearbox having common ring gear 664 (continuous interior of same diameter and continuous tooth pattern) for use with first and second stage gearsets 660, 662 provides ease of manufacture, reduced noise and improved gear alignment. Additionally, the use of the same size pins 674, 694 in combination with common ring gear 664 allows for common planet gears 676, 696 to be used in both the first and second stage gearsets 660, 662. Different materials can be used for pins 674, 694 to accommodate loading in both the first and second stage gearsets 660, 662 such as, for example, using plastic pins 674 in the first stage gearset 660 and metal pins 694 in second stage gearset 662. Differing types of planet carriers (single carrier plate, dual carrier plates) and/or integration of both planet carriers into a common unit are also possible contemplated alternatives. Additionally, such an integrated carrier unit can be molded together with the planet gears and the pins (for example, compression molding or injection molding of plastics or powdered metals. Other features may include use of plastic planet carriers in combination with metallic pins to reduce overall mass while providing low-friction high-strength axes for the planet gear rotation. Finally, the ability to use differing number of planet gears 676, 696 for first stage gearset 660 and second stage gearset 662 in combination with common ring gear 664 provides enhanced load capabilities, non-equivalent ratio reductions and easier assembly.
In accordance with a preferred configuration, first planet carrier 672 is molded as a one-piece component having first pins 674 extending axially from first planar surface 680 and second sun gear 690 extending axially from a second planar surface 681. The length of first pins 674 may be selected to extend beyond the end of first planet gears 674 with their terminal ends engaging planar surface 684 of cover ring 636 so as to permit elimination of thrust ring 682.
Referring now to
As an alternative to the axial, also referred to as “in-line”, arrangement of flex coupling assembly 804 between the rotary output of dual-planetary geartrain 630 and power screw 240,
Referring to
Gearbox unit 604′ is shown to include a stationary gearbox housing 632′, also identified as common ring gear 664′, having a first cylindrical (larger diameter) drum segment 633′ and a second cylindrical (small diameter) drum segment 650′. Cover ring 636 is secured to end segment 622 of motor housing 606 via fasteners, such as screws 638. Cover ring 636 includes an annular flange section 640 sized to receive a recessed end portion 642′ associated with first drum segment 633′ of ring gear 664′.
Dual-stage planetary geartrain 630′ is installed within gearbox chamber 646′ and includes first stage gearset 660 and second stage gearset 662′. First stage gearset 660 includes first sun gear 670 fixed for rotation with rotor shaft 610, first planet carrier 672 having first pins 674, first planet gears 676 rotatably supported on first pins 674, and a first ring gear segment 678′ formed in first drum segment 633′ of ring gear 664′. First planet gears 676 are in constant meshed engagement with first sun gear 670 and first ring gear segment 678′, and all are again formed with helical gear teeth. First planet gears 676 are disposed between planar thrust face 680 of first planet carrier 672 and thrust ring 682 to accommodate the axially-directed thrust loads. First stage gearset 660 is largely identical to that shown and described previously and provides a first stage gear reduction between rotor shaft 610 and first planet carrier 672.
Second stage gearset 662′ includes second sun gear 690 driven by first planet carrier 672, a second planet carrier 692′ having second pins 694′, second planet gears 696 rotatably supported on second pins 694′, and a second ring gear segment 698′ formed in first drum segment 633′ of common ring gear 664′. Second planet gears 696 are in constant meshed engagement with second sun gear 690 and second ring gear segment 698′, all of which are again formed with helical gear teeth. Second planet carrier 692′ includes carrier ring segments 700′ and 702′ interconnected by web segments 709′. Second planet carrier 692′ also includes a tubular, such as cylindrical, by way of example and without limitation, drum segment 714′ extending axially from carrier ring segment 702′ away from carrier ring segment 700′. Drum segment 714′ acts as the drive output component of dual-planetary geartrain 630′. Drum segment 714′ of second planet carrier 692′ is shown to be aligned concentrically for relative rotation to second drum segment 650′ of ring gear 664′ and is axially restrained with respect thereto via a thrust washer 722′ and a snap retainer 728′. Second stage gearset 662′ is generally similar to that shown and previously described for providing a second stage gear reduction between first planet carrier 672 (driving second sun gear 690) and second planet carrier 692′.
As noted, motor-gearbox assembly 600′ is configured to integrate flex coupling assembly 900 in a radial orientation with respect to dual-planetary geartrain 630′ to provide a reduced overall assembly length. With continued reference to
Flex coupling member 904 is disposed in a cavity 719 bounded by an inner wall 717 of drum segment 714′ to establish a drive connection between dual-planetary geartrain 630′ and power screw 240 while accommodating misalignment therebetween and providing a sound and torque pulse damping feature. With the flex coupling member 904 being disposed in the cavity 719, as will be understood by a skilled artisan, the axial length of the motor-gearbox assembly 600′ and the electro-mechanical strut 200 is significantly reduced, for example the length L1 of gearbox unit 604′ of
The foregoing description of the embodiments has been provided for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the disclosure. Individual elements or features of a particular embodiment are generally not limited to that particular embodiment, but, where applicable, are interchangeable and can be used in a selected embodiment, even if not specifically shown or described. The same may also be varied in many ways. Such variations are not to be regarded as a departure from the disclosure, and all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the disclosure.
This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 62/614,653, filed Jan. 8, 2018, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 62614653 | Jan 2018 | US |
