The present invention relates to a shielded electric plug, a contact arrangement comprising the shielded electric plug and a method for the formation thereof.
In the field of driver assistance systems and automated driving, for example, high transmission rates for communication data are necessary, which rates are currently in the multi-gigabit range (several Gbit/s). The reception, processing and forwarding of communication data is handled, for example, by so-called VCUs (vehicle computer units), control devices ECU (electronic control units), bus systems or other electronic devices for a high-speed application. In this case it is necessary for lines and plug systems to transmit these communication data at the required transmission rate with as little interference as possible. Various plug systems are already available for a high-speed application. A significantly limiting factor for a transmission rate that can be achieved with these plug systems is a continuous uninterrupted shielding of the data lines contained thereby. The required shielding must in this case extend from a plug side for contacting with a mating plug to a connection side for contacting a circuit carrier. Furthermore, the market's requirement for miniaturization of plug systems puts still-feasible shielding concepts under further pressure. Many shielding concepts are either too expensive or, due to requirements for small installation space, fail to achieve a connection adequate for a required shielding.
A multi-coaxial plug-in connector for high-frequency signals is described in German Patent Application No. DE 69901084 T2. Here a plurality of high-frequency lines are routed through a metallic shielding block. A metallic end plate and a metallic separating plate are connected to the metallic shielding block.
They divide the inner region into a plurality of sub-channels by which the data lines are individually shielded. Due to the concept, limits are set to a miniaturization which still maintains the shielding.
An object of the present invention is to provide a high level of shielding in particular for miniaturized plug systems with a high data transmission rate in the Gbit/s range.
This object may be achieved by a shielded electric plug, a contact arrangement comprising the shielded electric plug and a method for the design thereof according to features of the present invention.
According to an example embodiment of the present invention, the starting point is a shielded electric plug comprising a plug housing and, arranged within the plug housing, at least one data line for a data transmission in the Gbit/s range, for example faster than 1 Gbit/s, in particular faster than 10 Gbit/s. The electric plug has at least one plug side of the data line for electrically contacting the plug with a complementary mating plug and a connection side of the data line for electrically contacting with a circuit carrier. The at least one data line is enclosed by a metal shielding housing, at least between the plug side and the connection side. Furthermore, the plug housing comprises at least one connection element with at least one press-in pin for mechanically contacting the plug with the circuit carrier by means of a press-in connection. Furthermore, the connection element has at least one spring contact element which, in the pressed-in state of the electric plug, is designed to contact the circuit carrier with resilient abutment. The at least one press-in pin is in this case designed as a first ground connection and the at least one spring contact element is designed as at least one second ground connection of the electric plug. The ground potential for the press-in pin is provided, for example, via the metal inner wall of a press-in opening in the circuit carrier, and for the spring contact element via a metal region on a circuit carrier side. Advantageously, with the aid of the at least one or further spring contact elements, additional electrical contact points with a ground potential of the circuit carrier can be formed in a simple manner. In this way, a high electromagnetic compatibility of the electric plug can be achieved. This is effected without further additional components and/or without further process steps, since all ground connections are established as the electric plug is pressed in. Not only the number of spring contact elements but also the number of press-in pins can be varied flexibly according to the electrical requirements and the installation space requirements for the electric plug. In comparison with plug designs with a ground connection provided solely by press-in pins, connectors that have a smaller installation space requirement can be realized, in particular with the same or a greater number of additional ground connections. The saving of installation space results only indirectly from the circuit carrier and the elimination of press-in zones there, which require a minimum area requirement laterally and a minimum safety distance from each other. In contrast, abutment contact points of a spring contact element can be placed on a much smaller surface area, with safety distances being less critical. Likewise, with a skillful arrangement of press-in pins and spring contact elements, installation space advantages result in the direction of a circuit carrier edge, where press-in zones likewise have minimum spacing distances or exclusion zones. Overall, the fact that the electric plug can have a smaller design also advantageously enables smaller pitch spacings of the contact connection elements of the electric plug that are arranged on the connection side. In this way, a particularly close and circumferential connection of all elements required for shielding the plug at a ground potential of the circuit carrier is made possible. The electric plug is of course designed such that the contact forces applied by the at least one or more spring contact elements when the plug is pressed in can be maintained by the at least one or more press-in pins. In this case, the holding forces of the press-in pins are defined as a multiple of the contact forces of the spring contact elements. Additional holding forces also result from the at least one or more enclosed data lines when these are each also mechanically and electrically connected to the circuit carrier via a press-in pin on the connection side. Alternatively, the data line is connected via a solder contact.
The shielded electric plug is advantageously suitable as a plug for HF applications, such as a coaxial plug (for example, an antenna), a twisted-pair plug (for example, automotive Ethernet) and further applications (USB, Ethernet, HDMI, etc.).
Advantageous developments and improvements of the method according to the present invention are made possible by the measures disclosed herein.
In an advantageous embodiment of the electric plug of the present invention, the connection element is formed from a shaped sheet metal part. In this case, the connection element can be shaped by means of a shaping technique, as a result of which the connection element is then present, for example, as an embossed sheet metal part, as a deep-drawn sheet metal part, as an impact-extruded part and/or as an extruded part. The connection element is preferably designed as a stamped or lasered bent sheet metal part. The at least one press-in pin and the at least one spring contact element are more preferably formed in one piece. The press-in pin can have an embossing imprint of an embossing tool, by means of which in particular a press-in zone of the press-in pin is defined. In this case, for example, a sheet metal material made of CuSn6 or CuNiSi is used. Other possible sheet metal materials are also possible. Advantageously, the connection element can thus be greatly reduced in cost and can be provided with very high manufacturing accuracy by means of proven manufacturing methods.
In a favorable embodiment of the electric plug of the present invention, the connection element is designed as an end region of the plug housing facing the plug side, from which the at least one press-in pin or further press-in pins and/or the at least one spring contact element or further spring contact elements project in the press-in direction. In particular, the connection element has a terminating edge facing the circuit carrier, on which ideally the at least one or more press-in pins and/or the at least one or more spring contact elements are integrally formed, for example within a shaped sheet metal part. Otherwise, it is also possible to use separate elements which form a press-in pin or a spring contact element and are connected to the connection element. Overall, the embodiment has advantages in that the connection element can be designed to be substantially closed as far as the connection to a circuit carrier. This ensures a continuously high electromagnetic compatibility of the electric plug. In principle, it is advantageous for the connection element or the connection element in abutting contact with a wall portion of the shielding housing to enclose the at least one data line over the longitudinal extension thereof in the end region of the plug housing, wherein in each case at least one press-in pin and/or at least one spring contact element is arranged on opposite sides with respect to the at least one or more data lines. It is thus also achieved that the press-in process can be carried out reliably due to an introduction of force that is then symmetrical. In addition, during connection of a mating plug, particularly high plugging forces can thus be absorbed mechanically. Furthermore, in the most restricted installation space further abutment contacts can be formed between opposite press-in pins by means of further spring contact elements. The connection element or the connection element in abutting contact with the shielding housing in the end region of the plug housing preferably has a frame-like design and is substantially closed. One or more press-in pins are then arranged in each case on two opposite sides. On the other hand, one or more spring contact elements are arranged in each case on the other two opposite sides. Advantageously, the electric plug can be connected to the latter sides very close to a circuit carrier edge.
In an advantageous embodiment of the shielded electric plug of the present invention, the connection element forms an outer surface of the plug housing, wherein the spring contact element extends at most to the outer surface when the plug is pressed in. In this way, the electric plug can be designed to be very compact. The abutment contact points that can be formed by means of the spring contact elements can be flexibly arranged in an application-specific manner between the outer surface and the at least one data line, taking into account a safety distance. This enables skillful use of free spaces. If a plurality of electric plugs are combined in a plug connection—even in combination with other plug types—for example as a multi-pole connector comprising high-speed data lines, signal lines and power supply lines, very small and equal grid dimensions can be realized, in particular on the connection side to a circuit carrier.
Significant advantages with regard to a compact design result from an example embodiment of the shielded electric plug of the present invention, in that the at least one or more spring contact elements is/are in each case designed as a flexural member, in particular as a beam element which is clamped at one or both ends. Flexural member theory is well-modeled in mechanics, so that a needs-based design with regard to load-bearing capacity, spring forces, flexibility and other relevant parameters of the spring contact element is ensured. Especially in the case of spring contact elements in the form of a bending beam whose length is substantially greater than its cross-sectional dimensions, a high elastic deformability can also be achieved even in the case of small dimensions. In the case of connection elements as sheet metal parts, such spring contact elements can be easily produced by punching or lasering. In addition, in these cases the spring contact elements can also be formed in the plane of the sheet metal, so that only a small amount of installation space is taken up overall. In this case, it is additionally possible for the beam element to be integrally formed on the connection element and to have an arcuate shape, so that a defined abutment contact point is created when the electric plug is pressed in. Despite tolerance-related different press-in depths, defined contact points can always be formed on the sheet-metal edge that is then curved. In particular, many abutment contact points can be formed by at least two beam elements being arranged adjacent to one another. Preferably, they are arranged in alignment in a line, wherein in the case of beam elements clamped at one end, the respective free ends face one another or face away from one another.
In a particular embodiment of the shielded electric plug of the present invention, the connection element is formed in one piece with the shielding housing. This embodiment is particularly suitable when the plug side and the connection side are arranged in a 180° outlet and form a straight plug. The shielding housing or the connection element completely surrounds the at least one or more data lines. It is possible for shielding housings to be designed as a sheet metal part.
In the case of angled plugs in which the plug side and the connection side are arranged at an angle to one another, for example at a right angle, advantages become apparent in an embodiment of the shielded plug in which the connection element is electrically contacted with or connected to the shielding housing, in particular by means of a snap-in connection, by means of a press-in connection, by means of a clamping connection, by means of an insulation-displacement connection and/or by means of a bonded connection. Some of these embodiments are further described, for example, in German Patent Application Nos. DE 10 2019 219 411.7 and DE 10 2020 202 729.3. The ground connection can thus be passed on to the shielding housing in a simple and secure manner. The shielding housing is, for example, designed as a die-cast part, in particular made of zinc, a zinc alloy, aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
Alternatively, the shielding housing can also be provided from a sheet metal material.
In a further developed embodiment of the shielded electric plug of the present invention, the at least one or more data lines are accommodated in an insulating body which is arranged within the shielding housing through a receiving opening, wherein the receiving opening for the insulating body is then covered by the at least one connection element in such a way that a shielding effect of the shielding housing is maintained.
In a further optimized embodiment of the shielded plug of the present invention, the shielding housing overlaps at least in regions with the connection element at least in the end region of the plug housing, but at most as far as the at least one spring contact element, wherein recesses in the connection element are covered by the shielding housing to ensure a shielding effect, in particular in the region of the at least one press-in pin. In particular in the case of a design using sheet metal parts, recesses are produced for manufacturing-related reasons, which can be reliably closed in this way while maintaining a high shielding effect.
The present invention also leads to a contact arrangement. According to an example embodiment of the present invention, the contact arrangement includes at least one shielded electric plug according to at least one of the above-described embodiments and a circuit carrier. The circuit carrier has at least one or more press-in openings into which the electric plug is pressed with the at least one or more press-in pins, in each case against a metallized inner wall. Furthermore, a metallized region of the circuit carrier is contacted with resilient abutment by the at least one or more spring contact elements. The respectively metallized inner wall and the respectively metallized region of the circuit carrier have a ground potential of the electrical circuit of the circuit carrier. Such a contact arrangement is formed in particular within a control device or a vehicle computer.
A preferred embodiment of the contact arrangement of the present invention comprises a multi-pole connector with at least one plug collar for receiving a multi-pole hybrid plug. Such a hybrid plug has connection elements of at least two different plug types. in this case, in at least one of the above-described embodiments, at least one or more shielded electric plugs are arranged with their relevant plug side within the plug collar. Furthermore, further plug contact elements that differ from the shielded electric plug are arranged within the plug collar. The plug contact elements and the at least one or more data lines of the at least one or more shielded electric plugs likewise have press-in pins on their relevant connection side to the circuit carrier. These press-in pins are preferably in a linear arrangement with the press-in pins of the at least one or more electric plugs that are contacted at ground potential. Furthermore, all the press-in pins mentioned are in each case pressed into press-in openings of the circuit carrier with preferred observance of an equal grid spacing within the linear arrangement. In this case, grid spacings of <=2 mm, for example <=1.8 mm, in particular <=1.6 mm, can be achieved. Likewise, the shielded electric plugs and the further plug contact elements of other plug types can also be arranged in a plurality of rows within the plug collar. In this case, individual rows can also have only plug contact elements of the same plug type. Likewise, plug contact elements of different plug types can be combined adjacent to one another over a plurality of rows in a local plug region of the multi-pole connector, wherein plug contact elements of other plug types are additionally arranged in one, several or all rows.
The present invention also leads to a method for forming a contact arrangement, in particular in at least one of the above-described embodiments. The contact arrangement in this case comprises a shielded electric plug in at least one of the above-described embodiments and a circuit carrier. The circuit carrier has at least one or more press-in openings with a metallized inner wall and at least one metallized region on a circuit carrier side for the mechanical and electrical connection of the shielded electric plug. The metallized press-in openings and the at least one metallized region in each case have a ground potential of the circuit of the circuit carrier. In this case, according to an example embodiment of the present invention, the following method steps are carried out:
In the case of the contact arrangement and the method for the formation thereof, the same advantages result as have already been described in the case of the shielded electric plug.
Further advantages, features and details of the present invention can be found in the following description of preferred embodiments of the present invention and with reference to the figures.
In the figures, functionally identical components are each denoted by the same reference signs.
In principle, embodiment elements of the various embodiments of a connection element 40 shown can be combined with one another or adapted or modified accordingly. In this respect, shielded electric plugs 100 can be realized very broadly for different application requirements.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
---|---|---|---|
10 2021 204 799.8 | May 2021 | DE | national |
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2022/061534 | 4/29/2022 | WO |