The present application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 201910462858.2, titled “ELECTRONIC DEVICE AND METHOD FOR WIRELESS COMMUNICATION, AND COMPUTER READABLE STORAGE MEDIUM”, filed on May 30, 2019 with the China National Intellectual Property Administration (CNIPA), which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
The present disclosure relates to the technical field of wireless communications, in particular to a positioning technology based on wireless communications, and more in particular to an electronic apparatus and a method for wireless communications, and a computer-readable storage medium.
Position information is important data in various application scenarios. Existing positioning methods mainly include a multilateration method and a cooperative location method. In the multilateration method, a receiving end measures signals transmitted by multiple transmitting ends. These transmitting ends know their respective positions. The receiving end determines its own position based on a geometric method. Multilateration techniques include, for example, observed time difference of arrival (OTDOA), angle of arrival plus time advance (AOA+TA), etc. In the OTDOA, a base station transmits pilot signals for positioning to a user terminal through a downlink channel. The user terminal measures a time difference between time instants at which these pilot signals from the base stations arrive at the user terminal, to estimate a position of the user terminal. In the AOA+TA, the base station estimates a position of the user terminal by measuring the AOA and time of arrival of an uplink signal. The cooperative location method is mostly used in wireless sensor networks. In the various existing location methods, whether in the multilateration method or in the cooperative location method, it is assumed that there is a line of sight (LOS, which means that a wireless signal is transmitted in a straight line between a transmitting end and a receiving end without being blocked) path between the transmitting end and the receiving end, and when it operations in a propagation environment without a LoS path, the positioning accuracy is greatly reduced.
In the following, an overview of the present disclosure is given simply to provide basic understanding to some aspects of the present disclosure. It should be understood that this overview is not an exhaustive overview of the present disclosure. It is not intended to determine a critical part or an important part of the present disclosure, nor to limit the scope of the present disclosure. An object of the overview is only to give some concepts in a simplified manner, which serves as a preface of a more detailed description described later.
According to an aspect of the present disclosure, an electronic apparatus for wireless communications is provided. The electronic apparatus includes processing circuitry. The processing circuitry is configured to: acquire beam related information of at least a first beam and a second beam estimated by a target user device, the beam related information including an angle of arrival of a beam and information for distance estimation; and determine, at least based on the beam related information of the first beam and the second beam as well as an angle of departure of the first beam and an angle of departure of the second beam, a position of the target user device.
According to an aspect of the present disclosure, a method for wireless communications is provided. The method includes: acquiring beam related information of at least a first beam and a second beam estimated by a target user device, the beam related information including an angle of arrival of a beam and information for distance estimation; and determining, at least based on the beam related information of the first beam and the second beam as well as an angle of departure of the first beam and an angle of departure of the second beam, a position of the target user device.
According to another aspect of the present disclosure, an electronic apparatus for wireless communications is provided. The electronic apparatus includes processing circuitry. The processing circuitry is configured to: estimate beam related information of at least a first beam and a second beam which are received, the beam related information including an angle of arrival of a beam and information for distance estimation; acquire information of angles of departure of at least the first beam and the second beam; and determine, at least based on the beam related information of the first beam and the second beam as well as information of an angle of departure of the first beam and an angle of departure of the second beam, a position of the electronic apparatus.
According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a method for wireless communications is provided. The method includes: estimating beam related information of at least a first beam and a second beam which are received, the beam related information including an angle of arrival of a beam and information for distance estimation; acquiring information of angles of departure of at least the first beam and the second beam; and determining, at least based on the beam related information of the first beam and the second beam as well as information of an angle of departure of the first beam and an angle of departure of the second beam, a position of an electronic apparatus.
According to other aspects of the present disclosure, there are further provided computer program codes and computer program products for implementing the methods for wireless communications above, and a computer readable storage medium having recorded thereon the computer program codes for implementing the methods for wireless communications described above.
With the electronic apparatus and the method according to the present disclosure, the position of the target user device is determined by using at least two beams, so that the position of the target user device is determined accurately in both cases of presence and absence of an LOS path.
These and other advantages of the present disclosure will be more apparent by illustrating in detail a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure in conjunction with accompanying drawings below.
To further set forth the above and other advantages and features of the present disclosure, detailed description will be made in the following taken in conjunction with accompanying drawings in which identical or like reference signs designate identical or like components. The accompanying drawings, together with the detailed description below, are incorporated into and form a part of the specification. It should be noted that the accompanying drawings only illustrate, by way of example, typical embodiments of the present disclosure and should not be construed as a limitation to the scope of the disclosure. In the accompanying drawings:
An exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure will be described hereinafter in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. For the purpose of conciseness and clarity, not all features of an embodiment are described in this specification. However, it should be understood that multiple decisions specific to the embodiment have to be made in a process of developing any such embodiment to realize a particular object of a developer, for example, conforming to those constraints related to a system and a business, and these constraints may change as the embodiments differs. Furthermore, it should also be understood that although the development work may be very complicated and time-consuming, for those skilled in the art benefiting from the present disclosure, such development work is only a routine task.
Here, it should also be noted that in order to avoid obscuring the present disclosure due to unnecessary details, only a device structure and/or processing steps closely related to the solution according to the present disclosure are illustrated in the accompanying drawing, and other details having little relationship to the present disclosure are omitted.
As described above, in the existing positioning technology, the positioning accuracy is reduced in a case of there being no LOS path between a transmitting end and a receiving end, that is, in a case that a wireless signal is transmitted via a not line of sight (NLOS) path from the transmitting end to the receiving end. The AOA+TA method is taken as an example.
In order to solve this problem, a solution for positioning a target user device based on at least two beams is provided according to this embodiment. With the solution according to the embodiment, the position of the target user device can be determined accurately in no matter where there is a LOS path.
The acquiring unit 101 and the positioning unit 102 may be implemented by one or more processing circuits, which may be implemented as a chip or processor, for example. In addition, it should be understood that functional units in the electronic apparatus shown in
The electronic apparatus 100 may be provided on a side of the base station or communicatively connected to the base station, for example. In a V2X scenario, the electronic apparatus 100 may also be provided on a side of an RSU. More generally, the electronic apparatus 100 may be provided on any transmitting end whose position is known. In addition, the electronic apparatus 100 may also be arranged on any server functioning as a positioning server.
Here, it should further be noted that the electronic apparatus 100 may be implemented at a chip level, or a device level. For example, the electronic apparatus 100 may function as a base station or an RSU itself, and further include an external device such as a memory, a transceiver (not shown in the drawings), and the like. The memory is configured to store programs executed by the base station or the RSU to implement various functions and related data information. The transceiver may include one or more communication interfaces to support communication with various devices (for example, a base station, a user device, other RSU or the like). An implementation form of the transceiver is not limited herein.
The target user device described in this embodiment may be, for example, any terminal device that needs to know its own position, such as a vehicle or a mobile communication terminal.
The base station or the RSU serving as the transmitting end transmits a beam to the target user device. The beam has a certain angle of departure AOD. The AOD is defined relative to a reference direction of the transmitting end (for example, the true north direction), for example. The target user device serving as the receiving end adopts, for example, massive multiple-input multiple-output (Massive MIMO) antenna technology as well, so as to be capable of estimating an AOA of the signal after receiving the beam. A definition of the AOA on the side of a user device is shown in
In addition, the target user device may further acquire information for distance estimation, and provides the information for distance estimation together with the AOA to the electronic apparatus 100.
The information for distance estimation includes information of time of arrival of the beam, such as time advance (TA). The positioning unit 102 estimates a travelling distance of the first beam from the transmitting end of the first beam to the target user device based on information of time of arrival of the first beam, and estimates a travelling distance of the second beam from the transmitting end of the second beam to the target user device based on information of time of arrival of the second beam. Specifically, a difference between the time of departure of a beam and the time of arrival of the beam is travelling duration of the wireless signal in the air. The difference being multiplied by a propagation speed of the wireless signal may lead to a travelling distance of the beam from the transmitting end to the target user device.
Alternatively, the information for distance estimation may include information of received power of a beam. The positioning unit 102 estimates a travelling distance of the first beam from the transmitting end of the first beam to the target user device based on information of the received power of the first beam, and estimates a travelling distance of the second beam from the transmitting end of the second beam to the target user device based on information of the received power of the second beam. Specifically, the positioning unit 102 may calculate a travelling distance of a beam from the transmitting end to the target user device based on a path loss coefficient and a difference between transmission power and received power of the beam. Correspondingly, the acquiring unit 102 acquires information of the transmission power and the path loss coefficient from the corresponding transmitting end.
In this embodiment, the target user device receives at least two beams and provides at least two sets of such information. For example, in a case that the target user device receives more than two beams, the acquiring unit 101 may further select two of these beams as the first beam and the second beam to acquire and provide the foregoing information. Illustratively, the acquiring unit 101 may select two beams with better beam quality. Alternatively, the acquiring unit 101 may acquire the aforementioned beam related information of more than two beams.
In addition, the acquiring unit 102 further acquires information of an angle of departure AOD of the corresponding beam from each transmitting end.
For example, the first beam is transmitted by a first RSU or a first base station, and the second beam is transmitted by a second RSU or a second base station. In a case that the electronic apparatus 100 is located on a positioning server, the acquiring unit 102 acquires the AOD of the first beam from the first RSU or the first base station, and acquires the AOD of the second beam from the second RSU or the second base station. In a case that the electronic apparatus 100 is located on a side of the first RSU or the first base station, the acquiring unit 102 only needs to acquire the AOD of the second beam from the second RSU or the second base station.
The acquiring unit 101 may acquire the aforementioned beam related information through communication on a low frequency band, such as the FR1 (Frequency Range 1) frequency band (which is a frequency band below 6 GHz) in 5G communication, without forming a beam. Alternatively, the acquiring unit 101 may also acquire the above-mentioned beam related information through communication on a high frequency band, such as the FR2 (Frequency Range 2) frequency band (which is a frequency band above 6 GHz) in 5G communication. In this case, the target user device may form a transmission beam based on a direction of the AOA.
In an example, the positioning unit 102 determines the position of the target user device based on a geometric relationship between actual propagation paths of the first beam and the second beam and a spatial position of the target user device. For example, the positioning unit 102 may calculate the position of the target user device using a set of equations with position parameters of the target user device as the unknowns. In other words, the positioning unit 102 determines the position of the target user device based on an analytical algorithm.
In plane coordinates, the position of the vehicle is represented by coordinates (x, y). That is, position information of the vehicle includes two unknowns. Therefore, two sets of parameters of the two beams are required to obtain two equations so as to get the solution. These two equations are generated in a same manner. Generation of one equation is described below by taking one beam as an example (for example, the beam transmitted by the RSU in
All situations are divided into 8 cases based on ranges of the AOA and the AOD. It is assumed that in an x-y plane, coordinates of the RSU are (0, 0), and d represents the length of the NLOS path #1 between the RSU and the vehicle, Or represents an AOA, and Or represents an AOD.
s
1 sin(θt−π)+s2 sin θr=−x (2)
s
1 cos(θt−π)+s2 cos θr=y (3)
s
1
+s
2
=d (4)
s2=d−s1 is substituted into the equations (2) and (3), to obtain the following equations (5) and (6).
s
1 sin(θt−π)+(d−s1)sin θr=−x (5)
s
1 cos(θt−π)+(d−s1)cos θr=y (6)
The equation (6) is further written as the following equation (7).
The equation (7) is substituted into the equation (5) to obtain the following equation (8).
(sin θt+sin θr)y+(cos θt+cos θr)x=d sin(θt−θr) (8)
The equation (8) is the equation obtained in the case 1 with the position parameters x and y of the vehicle as unknowns. θt, θr and d are all known.
s
1 sin(π−θt)+s2 sin(2π−θr)=x (9)
s
1 cos(π−θt)+s2 cos(2π−θr)=y (10)
s
1
+s
2
=d (11)
s2=d−s1 is substituted into the equations (9) and (10), to obtain the following equations (12) and (13).
s
1 sin(π−θt)+(d−s1)sin(2π−θr)=x (12)
s
1 cos(π−θt)+(d−s1)cos(2π−θr)=y (13)
The equation (13) is further written as the following equation (14).
The equation (13) is substituted into the equation (12) to obtain the following equation (15).
(sin θt+sin θr)y+(cos θt+cos θr)x=d sin(θt−θr) (15)
The equation (15) is the equation obtained in the case 2 with the position parameters x and y of the vehicle as unknowns. θt, θr and d are all known.
s
1 sin(θt−π)−s2 sin(2π−θr)=−x (16)
s
1 cos(θt−π)+s2 cos(2π−θr)=y (17)
s
1
+s
2
=d (18)
s2=d−s1 is substituted into the equations (16) and (17), to obtain the following equations (19) and (20).
s
1 sin(θt−x)−(d−s1)sin(2π−θr)=−x (19)
s
1 cos(θr−π)+(d−s1)cos(2π−θr)=y (20)
The equation (20) is further written as the following equation (21).
The equation (21) is substituted into the equation (19) to obtain the following equation (22).
(sin θt+sin θr)y+(cos θt+cos θr)x=d sin(θt−θr) (22)
The equation (22) is the equation obtained in the case 3 with the position parameters x and y of the vehicle as unknowns. θt, θr and d are all known.
s
1 sin(π−θt)−s2 sin θr=x (23)
s
1 cos(π−θt)+s2 cos θr=y (24)
s
1
+s
2
=d (25)
s2=d−s1 is substituted into the equations (23) and (24), to obtain the following equations (26) and (27).
s
1 sin(π−θt)−(d−s1)sin θr=x (26)
s
1 cos(π−θt)+(d−s1)cos θr=y (27)
The equation (27) is further written as the following equation (28).
The equation (28) is substituted into the equation (26) to obtain the following equation (29).
(sin θt+sin θr)y+(cos θt+cos θr)x=d sin(θt−θr) (29)
The equation (29) is the equation obtained in the case 4 with the position parameters x and y of the vehicle as unknowns. θt, θr and d are all known.
s
1 sin θt−s2 sin θr=x (30)
s
1 cos θt−s2 cos θt=−y (31)
s
1
+s
2
=d (32)
s2=d−s1 is substituted into the equations (30) and (31), to obtain the following equations (33) and (34).
s
1 sin θt−(d−s1)sin θr=x (33)
s
1 cos θt−(d−s1)cos θr=−y (34)
The equation (34) is further written as the following equation (35).
The equation (35) is substituted into the equation (33) to obtain the following equation (36).
(sin θt+sin θr)y+(cos θt+cos θr)x=d sin(θt−θr) (36)
The equation (36) is the equation obtained in the case 5 with the position parameters x and y of the vehicle as unknowns. θt, θr and d are all known.
s
1 sin(2π−θt)+s2 sin θr=−x (37)
s
1 cos(2π−θr)−s2 cos θr=−y (38)
s
1
+s
2
=d (39)
s2=d−s1 is substituted into the equations (37) and (38), to obtain the following equations (40) and (41).
s
1 sin(2π−θt)+(d−s1)sin θr=−x (40)
s
1 cos(2π−θt)−(d−s1)cos θr=−y (41)
The equation (41) is further written as the following equation (42).
The equation (42) is substituted into the equation (40) to obtain the following equation (43).
(sin θt+sin θr)y+(cos θt+cos θr)x=d sin(θt−θr) (43)
The equation (43) is the equation obtained in the case 6 with the position parameters x and y of the vehicle as unknowns. θt, θr and d are all known.
s
1 sin(2π−θt)−s2 sin(2π−θr)=−x (44)
s
1 cos(2π−θt)−s2 cos(2π−θr)=−y (45)
s
1
+s
2
=d (46)
s2=d−s1 is substituted into the equations (44) and (45), to obtain the following equations (47) and (48).
s
1 sin(2π−θt)−(d−s1)sin(2π−θr)=−x (47)
s
1 cos(2π−θt)−(d−s1)cos(2π−θr)=−y (48)
The equation (48) is further written as the following equation (49).
The equation (49) is substituted into the equation (47) to obtain the following equation (50).
(sin θt+sin θr)y+(cos θr+cos θt)x=d sin(θt−θr) (50)
The equation (50) is the equation obtained in the case 7 with the position parameters x and y of the vehicle as unknowns. θt, θr and d are all known.
s
1 sin θt+s2 sin(2π−θr)=x (51)
s
1 cos θt−s2 cos(2π−θr)=−y (52)
s
1
+s
2
=d (53)
s2=d−s1 is substituted into the equations (51) and (52), to obtain the following equations (54) and (55).
s
1 sin θt+(d−s1)sin(2π−θr)=x (54)
s
1 cos θt−(d−s1)cos(2π−θr)=−y (55)
The equation (55) is further written as the following equation (56).
The equation (56) is substituted into the equation (54) to obtain the following equation (57).
(sin θt+sin θr)y+(cos θt+cos θr)x=d sin(θt−θr) (57)
The equation (57) is the equation obtained in the case 8 with the position parameters x and y of the vehicle as unknowns. θt, θr and d are all known.
It can be seen form the above analysis that the coordinate equation of the vehicle has the same form in all cases. Returning to the example in
(sin θt1+sin θr1)y+(cos θt1+cos θt1)x=d1 sin(θt1−θr1) (58)
(sin θt2+sin θr2)y+(cos θt2+cos θr2)x=d2 sin(θt2−θr2) (59)
The coordinates (x, y) of the vehicle are calculated by considering the two equations. It should be understood that although the NLOS path is taken as an example for description above, the obtained equations (58) and (59) is also applicable to the case of LOS path without distinction.
In the above example, the position of the target user device is expressed in plane coordinates. The position of the target user device can also be expressed in polar coordinates. In addition, the position of the target user device may also be expressed in absolute position coordinates (for example, longitude and latitude), or expressed in relative position coordinates relative to a predetermined reference object.
In another example, the positioning unit 102 may determine the position of the target user device using a minimum mean square error (MMSE) algorithm. For example, in a case that the target user device receives more than two beams and estimates more than two sets of parameters, the positioning unit 102 may adopts advanced signal processing techniques such as the MMSE algorithm to estimate the position parameters of the target user device based on these parameters.
In summary, the electronic apparatus 100 according to this embodiment can position the target user device based on at least two beams, and can accurately determine the position of the target user device in both cases of the presence and absence of an LOS path. The set of equations is solved based on the beam related parameters of the two beams, so that the position of the target user device can be acquired in an analytical manner without the necessity of distinguishing the LOS path from the NLOS path, thereby improving the speed and accuracy of positioning.
In a case that the target user device is a user device which is moving such as a vehicle, the transmitting end is required to determine an approximate direction of the transmitting beam according to an approximate position of the vehicle, so that the transmitted beam may be received by the target user device.
As shown in
The determining unit 104 determines a direction of departure and duration of the narrow beam to be transmitted based on the feedback information acquired by the acquiring unit 101, so that the narrow beam can be received by the target user device. The emitting unit 103 emits the narrow beam according to the determined direction of departure and duration at predetermined timing.
It is assumed that a vehicle serving as the target user device enters a road region with a length of d0 meters at a time instant to and receives a signal of the beam 0. The vehicle reports its movement speed and movement direction to the corresponding RSU or base station through a low frequency band, as shown in
According to a movement speed v reported by the vehicle, the determining unit 104 calculates maximum possible travelling duration Δt of the vehicle in the region, as shown in the following equation (60).
In the equation (60), Δt is a time period required for the vehicle to pass through an entire predetermined region at the reported movement speed. It is assumed that length of a time slot is tslot, the emitting unit 103 may generate a narrow beam at a time instant t1=t0+tslot. The narrow beam lasts until a time instant t1+Δt to wait for the vehicle to receive a signal of the narrow beam. Alternatively, the duration of the narrow beam may be shorter than Δt.
In addition, the determining unit 104 determines a direction of departure of the narrow beam as an outer direction immediately adjacent to a side of the wide beam being consistent with the movement direction of the vehicle. That is, the narrow beam is directed to a front of the vehicle movement. As shown in
In a case that the positioning method described in the first embodiment is adopted to perform positioning, the narrow beam may serve as the first beam. That is, an RSU or base station (referred to as a first RSU or a first base station) where the electronic apparatus 100 is located emits the first beam. Meanwhile, another RSU or base station (hereinafter referred to as a second RSU or a second base station) emits the second beam at the same timing. The first RSU or the first base station and the second RSU or the second base station may be designated by the positioning server, or designated automatically when a vehicle is scanned. Alternatively, the second RSU or the second base station may be designated by the first RSU or the first base station. Alternatively, the first RSU or the first base station and the second RSU or the second base station are fixed, which is not restrictive.
The direction of departure and duration of the second beam may be determined by the second RSU or the second base station in the same manner as described above. Alternatively, the electronic apparatus 100 on the first RSU or the first base station provides the determined direction of departure and duration of the first beam to the second RSU or the second base station, so that the second RSU or the second base station determines the direction of departure and duration of the second beam based on the direction of departure and duration of the first beam. Alternatively, the electronic apparatus 100 on the first RSU or the first base station determines the direction of departure of the second beam based on the direction of departure of the first beam and a positional relationship between the first RSU or the first base station and the second RSU or the second base station, and provides the direction of departure together with the duration to the second RSU or the second base station.
Upon receiving the first beam and the second beam, the vehicle acquires an AOA of the first beam and the information for estimating the distance it travels as well as an AOA of the second beam and the information for estimating the distance it travels, and provides the acquired information to the first RSU or the first base station. In addition, in a case that the direction of departure of the second beam is calculated by the second RSU or the second base station by itself, the second RSU or the second base station provides AOD information of the second beam to the first RSU or the first base station. Based on the above information, the first RSU or the first base station determines the position of the vehicle in the manner described in the first embodiment.
For ease of understanding,
The electronic apparatus 100 according to this embodiment can accurately and quickly determine the position of the target user device in travelling.
The estimating unit 201, the acquiring unit 201, and the positioning unit 203 may be implemented by one or more processing circuitries, which may be implemented as, for example, chips or processors. In addition, it should be understood that functional units in the electronic apparatus shown in
The electronic apparatus 200 may, for example, be arranged on a side of a target user device to be positioned or be communicatively connected to the target user device. The target user device is, for example, a vehicle or other mobile communication terminal.
Here, it should further be noted that the electronic apparatus 200 may be implemented at a chip level, or a device level. For example, the electronic apparatus 200 may function as the target user device itself, and further include an external device such as a memory, a transceiver, and the like (not shown in the drawings). The memory is configured to store programs executed by the target user device to implement various functions and related data information. The transceiver may include one or more communication interfaces to support communication with various devices (for example, a base stations, an RSU, other target user device or the like.). An implementation manner of the transceiver is not particularly limited herein.
In this embodiment, the target user device receives a beam emitted by the base station or the RSU, such as the first beam and the second beam, measures the received beams to obtain at least two sets of beam related parameters, and acquires information of an AOD of the beam from the base station or RSU. The positioning unit 203 positions the electronic apparatus 100 (that is, the target user device where the electronic apparatus 100 is located) in the same manner as in the first embodiment, based on these beam related parameters and the acquired information of the AOD. Therefore, the positioning unit 203 has the same structure and function as the positioning unit 102 described in the first embodiment, and therefore is not described repeatedly here.
In addition, the estimating unit 201 estimates the AOA of the beam in various manners. For example, the estimating unit 201 generates a receiving beam and estimates the AOA based on an angle between a direction of the receiving beam and the reference direction. Alternatively, the estimating unit 201 estimates the AOA in a super-resolution manner such as multiple signal classification (MUSIC) method instead of generating a receiving beam.
The information for distance estimation may include information of the time of arrival of the beam or information of received power of the beam, which is specifically described in detail in the first embodiment and is not repeated here.
The acquiring unit 202 acquires the information of AODs of the first beam and the second beam through communication on a low frequency band, such as the FR1 frequency band in 5G communication, without forming a beam. Alternatively, the acquiring unit 202 acquires the information of AODs of the first beam and the second beam through communication on a high frequency band, such as the FR2 frequency band in 5G communication. In this case, the RSU or the base station may form an additional transmission beam, or may carry the information on the first beam or the second beam.
In summary, the electronic apparatus 200 according to this embodiment can position the target user device based on at least two beams, and can accurately determine the position of the electronic apparatus 200 in both cases of the presence and absence of an LOS path. The set of equations are solved based on the beam related parameters of the two beams, so that the position of the target user device can be acquired in an analytical manner without the necessity of distinguishing the LOS path from the NLOS path, thereby improving the speed and accuracy of positioning.
In the above description of embodiments of the electronic apparatuses for wireless communications, it is apparent that some processing and methods are further disclosed. In the following, a summary of the methods are described without repeating details that are described above. However, it should be noted that although the methods are disclosed when describing the electronic apparatuses for wireless communications, the methods are unnecessary to adopt those components or to be performed by those components described above. For example, implementations of the electronic apparatuses for wireless communications may be partially or completely implemented by hardware and/or firmware. Methods for wireless communications to be discussed blow may be completely implemented by computer executable programs, although these methods may be implemented by the hardware and/or firmware for implementing the electronic apparatuses for wireless communications.
The angle of arrival of the beam may be expressed by an angle of a direction of arrival of the beam relative to a predetermined reference direction. The information for distance estimation includes information of time of arrival of the beam. In step S11, a travelling distance of the first beam from the transmitting end of the first beam to the target user device is estimated based on information of time of arrival of the first beam, and a travelling distance of the second beam from the transmitting end of the second beam to the target user device is estimated based on information of time of arrival of the second beam. Alternatively, the information for distance estimation may include information of received power of a beam. In step S11, a travelling distance of the first beam from the transmitting end of the first beam to the target user device is estimated based on information of received power of the first beam, and a travelling distance of the second beam from the transmitting end of the second beam to the target user device is estimated based on information of received power of the second beam.
For example, the first beam is emitted by a first RSU or a first base station, and the second beam is emitted by a second RSU or a second base station. The method further includes: acquiring the angle of departure of the first beam from the first RSU or the first base station, and acquiring the angle of departure of the second beam from the second RSU or the second base station. In the case that the above method is performed on the side of the first RSU or the first base station, it is only required to acquire the angle of departure of the second beam from the second RSU or the second base station.
In step S11, the beam related information of the first beam and the second beam may be acquired through communication on a low frequency band.
In step S12, the position of the target user device is determined based on a geometric relationship between actual propagation paths of the first beam and the second beam and a spatial position of the target user device. For example, the position of the target user device may be determined by determining absolute position coordinates of the target user device or relative coordinates of the target user device with respect to a predetermined reference object. In addition, in step S12, the position of the target user device can also be determined based on a minimum mean square error algorithm.
Although not shown in
The direction of departure of the first beam may be determined as an outer direction immediately adjacent to a side of the third beam being consistent with the movement direction of the target user device. The duration of the first beam is determined to be equal to or less than a time period required for the target user device to pass through the predetermined region at the movement speed.
The second road side unit or the second base station emits a third beam to scan the predetermined region. The above method further includes: providing the determined direction of departure and duration of the first beam to the second road side unit or the second base station, so that the second road side unit or the second base station determines a direction of departure and duration of the second beam based on the direction of departure and the duration of the first beam, and emits the second beam at the same timing. The target user device in this embodiment may be a vehicle.
It should be noted that the above methods may be performed in combination or separately. Details of the above methods are described in the first to the third embodiments, and are not repeated herein.
The technology of the present disclosure may be applied to various products.
For example, the electronic apparatus 100 may be implemented as various base stations. The base station may be implemented as any type of evolved node B (eNB) or gNB (5G base station). The eNB includes, for example, a macro eNB and a small eNB. The small eNB may be an eNB covering a cell smaller than a macro cell, such as a pico eNB, a micro eNB, and a home (femto) eNB. The case for the gNB is similar to the above. Alternatively, the base station may be implemented as any other type of base station, such as a NodeB and a base transceiver station (BTS). The base station may include: a main body (also referred to as a base station apparatus) configured to control wireless communication; and one or more remote wireless head ends (RRH) located at positions different from the main body. In addition, various types of user equipment may each serves as a base station by performing functions of the base station temporarily or semi-permanently.
The electronic apparatus 200 may be implemented as various user devices. The user device may be implemented as a mobile terminal (such as a smartphone, a tablet personal computer (PC), a notebook PC, a portable game terminal, a portable/dongle mobile router, and a digital camera device) or an in-vehicle terminal such as a car navigation apparatus. The user device may also be implemented as a terminal (also referred to as a machine type communication (MTC) terminal) that performs machine-to-machine (M2M) communication. In addition, the user device may be a wireless communication module (such as an integrated circuit module including a single chip) mounted on each of the terminals described above.
Each of the antennas 810 includes a single antennal element or multiple antennal elements (such as multiple antenna elements included in a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna), and is used for the base station apparatus 820 to transmit and receive wireless signals. As shown in
The base station apparatus 820 includes a controller 821, a memory 822, a network interface 823, and a radio communication interface 825.
The controller 821 may be, for example, a CPU or a DSP, and operates various functions of a higher layer of the base station apparatus 820. For example, the controller 821 generates a data packet from data in signals processed by the radio communication interface 825, and transfers the generated packet via the network interface 823. The controller 821 may bundle data from multiple base band processors to generate the bundled packet, and transfer the generated bundled packet. The controller 821 may have logical functions of performing control such as radio resource control, radio bearer control, mobility management, admission control and scheduling. The control may be performed in corporation with an eNB or a core network node in the vicinity. The memory 822 includes a RAM and a ROM, and stores a program executed by the controller 821 and various types of control data (such as a terminal list, transmission power data and scheduling data).
The network interface 823 is a communication interface for connecting the base station apparatus 820 to a core network 824. The controller 821 may communicate with a core network node or another eNB via the network interface 823. In this case, the eNB 800, and the core network node or another eNB may be connected to each other via a logic interface (such as an S1 interface and an X2 interface). The network interface 823 may also be a wired communication interface or a wireless communication interface for wireless backhaul. If the network interface 823 is a wireless communication interface, the network interface 823 may use a higher frequency band for wireless communication than that used by the radio communication interface 825.
The radio communication interface 825 supports any cellular communication scheme (such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) and LTE-advanced), and provides wireless connection to a terminal located in a cell of the eNB 800 via the antenna 810. The radio communication interface 825 may typically include, for example, a baseband (BB) processor 826 and an RF circuit 827. The BB processor 826 may perform, for example, encoding/decoding, modulating/demodulating, and multiplexing/demultiplexing, and performs various types of signal processing of layers (such as L1, Media Access Control (MAC), Radio Link Control (RLC), and a Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP)). The BB processor 826 may have a part or all of the above-described logical functions instead of the controller 821. The BB processor 826 may be a memory storing communication control programs, or a module including a processor and a related circuit configured to execute the programs. Updating the program may allow the functions of the BB processor 826 to be changed. The module may be a card or a blade that is inserted into a slot of the base station apparatus 820. Alternatively, the module may also be a chip that is mounted on the card or the blade. Further, the RF circuit 827 may include, for example, a mixer, a filter, and an amplifier, and transmits and receives wireless signals via the antenna 810.
As show in
In the eNB 800 shown in
Each of the antennas 840 includes a single or multiple antennal elements (such as multiple antenna elements included in an MIMO antenna), and is used for the RRH 860 to transmit and receive wireless signals. As shown in
The base station apparatus 850 includes a controller 851, a memory 852, a network interface 853, a radio communication interface 855, and a connection interface 857. The controller 851, the memory 852, and the network interface 853 are the same as the controller 821, the memory 822, and the network interface 823 described with reference to
The radio communication interface 855 supports any cellular communication scheme (such as LTE and LTE-advanced), and provides wireless communication to a terminal located in a sector corresponding to the RRH 860 via the RRH 860 and the antenna 840. The radio communication interface 855 may typically include, for example, a BB processor 856. The BB processor 856 is the same as the BB processor 826 described with reference to
The connection interface 857 is an interface for connecting the base station apparatus 850 (radio communication interface 855) to the RRH 860. The connection interface 857 may also be a communication module for communication in the above-described high speed line that connects the base station apparatus 850 (radio communication interface 855) to the RRH 860.
The RRH 860 includes a connection interface 861 and a radio communication interface 863.
The connection interface 861 is an interface for connecting the RRH 860 (radio communication interface 863) to the base station apparatus 850. The connection interface 861 may also be a communication module for communication in the above-described high speed line.
The radio communication interface 863 transmits and receives wireless signals via the antenna 840. The radio communication interface 863 may typically include, for example, an RF circuit 864. The RF circuit 864 may include, for example, a mixer, a filter and an amplifier, and transmits and receives wireless signals via the antenna 840. The radio communication interface 863 may include multiple RF circuits 864, as shown in
In the eNB 830 shown in
The processor 901 may be, for example, a CPU or a system on a chip (SoC), and controls functions of an application layer and another layer of the smartphone 900. The memory 902 includes a RAM and a ROM, and stores a program executed by the processor 901 and data. The storage 903 may include a storage medium such as a semiconductor memory and a hard disk. The external connection interface 904 is an interface for connecting an external device (such as a memory card and a universal serial bus (USB) device) to the smartphone 900.
The camera 906 includes an image sensor (such as a charge coupled device (CCD) and a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS)), and generates a captured image. The sensor 907 may include a group of sensors, such as a measurement sensor, a gyro sensor, a geomagnetism sensor, and an acceleration sensor. The microphone 908 converts sounds that are inputted to the smartphone 900 into audio signals. The input device 909 includes, for example, a touch sensor configured to detect touch onto a screen of the display device 910, a keypad, a keyboard, a button, or a switch, and receives an operation or information inputted from a user. The display device 910 includes a screen (such as a liquid crystal display (LCD) and an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display), and displays an output image of the smartphone 900. The speaker 911 converts audio signals that are outputted from the smartphone 900 into sounds.
The radio communication interface 912 supports any cellular communication scheme (such as LTE and LTE-advanced), and performs wireless communication. The radio communication interface 912 may include, for example, a BB processor 913 and an RF circuit 914. The BB processor 913 may perform, for example, encoding/decoding, modulating/demodulating, and multiplexing/de-multiplexing, and perform various types of signal processing for wireless communications. The RF circuit 914 may include, for example, a mixer, a filter and an amplifier, and transmits and receives wireless signals via the antenna 916. It should be noted that although
Furthermore, in addition to a cellular communication scheme, the radio communication interface 912 may support another type of wireless communication scheme such as a short-distance wireless communication scheme, a near field communication scheme, and a radio local area network (LAN) scheme. In this case, the radio communication interface 912 may include the BB processor 913 and the RF circuit 914 for each wireless communication scheme.
Each of the antenna switches 915 switches connection destinations of the antennas 916 among multiple circuits (such as circuits for different wireless communication schemes) included in the radio communication interface 912.
Each of the antennas 916 includes a single or multiple antenna elements (such as multiple antenna elements included in an MIMO antenna) and is used for the radio communication interface 912 to transmit and receive wireless signals. The smartphone 900 may include multiple antennas 916, as shown in
Furthermore, the smartphone 900 may include the antenna 916 for each wireless communication scheme. In this case, the antenna switches 915 may be omitted from the configuration of the smartphone 900.
The bus 917 connects the processor 901, the memory 902, the storage 903, the external connection interface 904, the camera 906, the sensor 907, the microphone 908, the input device 909, the display device 910, the speaker 911, the radio communication interface 912, and the auxiliary controller 919 to each other. The battery 918 supplies power to blocks of the smart phone 900 shown in
In the smartphone 900 shown in
The processor 921 may be, for example a CPU or a SoC, and controls a navigation function and additional function of the car navigation apparatus 920. The memory 922 includes a RAM and a ROM, and stores a program that is executed by the processor 921, and data.
The GPS module 924 determines a position (such as latitude, longitude and altitude) of the car navigation apparatus 920 by using GPS signals received from a GPS satellite. The sensor 925 may include a group of sensors such as a gyro sensor, a geomagnetic sensor and an air pressure sensor. The data interface 926 is connected to, for example, an in-vehicle network 941 via a terminal that is not shown, and acquires data (such as vehicle speed data) generated by the vehicle.
The content player 927 reproduces content stored in a storage medium (such as a CD and a DVD) that is inserted into the storage medium interface 928. The input device 929 includes, for example, a touch sensor configured to detect touch onto a screen of the display device 930, a button, or a switch, and receives an operation or information inputted from a user. The display device 930 includes a screen such as an LCD or OLED display, and displays an image of the navigation function or content that is reproduced. The speaker 931 outputs sounds for the navigation function or the content that is reproduced.
The radio communication interface 933 supports any cellular communication scheme (such as LTE and LTE-Advanced), and performs wireless communications. The radio communication interface 933 may typically include, for example, a BB processor 934 and an RF circuit 935. The BB processor 934 may perform, for example, encoding/decoding, modulating/demodulating and multiplexing/demultiplexing, and perform various types of signal processing for wireless communications. The RF circuit 935 may include, for example, a mixer, a filter and an amplifier, and transmits and receives wireless signals via the antenna 937. The radio communication interface 933 may also be a chip module having the BB processor 934 and the RF circuit 935 integrated thereon. The radio communication interface 933 may include multiple BB processors 934 and multiple RF circuits 935, as shown in
Furthermore, in addition to the cellular communication scheme, the radio communication interface 933 may support another type of wireless communication scheme such as a short-distance wireless communication scheme, a near field communication scheme, and a wireless LAN scheme. In this case, the radio communication interface 933 may include the BB processor 934 and the RF circuit 935 for each wireless communication scheme.
Each of the antenna switches 936 switches connection destinations of the antennas 937 among multiple circuits (such as circuits for different wireless communication schemes) included in the radio communication interface 933.
Each of the antennas 937 includes a single or multiple antenna elements (such as multiple antenna elements included in an MIMO antenna), and is used for the radio communication interface 933 to transmit and receive wireless signals. As shown in
Furthermore, the car navigation apparatus 920 may include the antenna 937 for each wireless communication scheme. In this case, the antenna switches 936 may be omitted from the configuration of the car navigation apparatus 920.
The battery 938 supplies power to the blocks of the car navigation apparatus 920 shown in
In the car navigation apparatus 920 shown in
The technology of the present disclosure may also be implemented as an in-vehicle system (or a vehicle) 940 including one or more blocks of the car navigation apparatus 920, the in-vehicle network 941 and a vehicle module 942. The vehicle module 942 generates vehicle data (such as a vehicle speed, an engine speed, and failure information), and outputs the generated data to the in-vehicle network 941.
The basic principle of the present disclosure has been described above in conjunction with particular embodiments. However, as can be appreciated by those ordinarily skilled in the art, all or any of the steps or components of the method and apparatus according to the disclosure can be implemented with hardware, firmware, software or a combination thereof in any computing device (including a processor, a storage medium, etc.) or a network of computing devices by those ordinarily skilled in the art in light of the disclosure of the disclosure and making use of their general circuit designing knowledge or general programming skills.
Moreover, the present disclosure further discloses a program product in which machine-readable instruction codes are stored. The aforementioned methods according to the embodiments can be implemented when the instruction codes are read and executed by a machine.
Accordingly, a memory medium for carrying the program product in which machine-readable instruction codes are stored is also covered in the present disclosure. The memory medium includes but is not limited to soft disc, optical disc, magnetic optical disc, memory card, memory stick and the like.
In the case where the present disclosure is realized with software or firmware, a program constituting the software is installed in a computer with a dedicated hardware structure (e.g. the general computer 2500 shown in
In
The following components are linked to the input/output interface 2505: an input section 2506 (including keyboard, mouse and the like), an output section 2507 (including displays such as a cathode ray tube (CRT), a liquid crystal display (LCD), a loudspeaker and the like), a memory section 2508 (including hard disc and the like), and a communication section 2509 (including a network interface card such as a LAN card, modem and the like). The communication section 2509 performs communication processing via a network such as the Internet. A driver 2510 may also be linked to the input/output interface 2505, if needed. If needed, a removable medium 2511, for example, a magnetic disc, an optical disc, a magnetic optical disc, a semiconductor memory and the like, may be installed in the driver 2510, so that the computer program read therefrom is installed in the memory section 2508 as appropriate.
In the case where the foregoing series of processing is achieved through software, programs forming the software are installed from a network such as the Internet or a memory medium such as the removable medium 2511.
It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the memory medium is not limited to the removable medium 2511 shown in
To be further noted, in the apparatus, method and system according to the present disclosure, the respective components or steps can be decomposed and/or recombined. These decompositions and/or recombinations shall be regarded as equivalent solutions of the disclosure. Moreover, the above series of processing steps can naturally be performed temporally in the sequence as described above but will not be limited thereto, and some of the steps can be performed in parallel or independently from each other.
Finally, to be further noted, the term “include”, “comprise” or any variant thereof is intended to encompass nonexclusive inclusion so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements which have been not listed definitely or an element(s) inherent to the process, method, article or device. Moreover, the expression “comprising a(n) . . . ” in which an element is defined will not preclude presence of an additional identical element(s) in a process, method, article or device comprising the defined element(s)” unless further defined.
Although the embodiments of the present disclosure have been described above in detail in connection with the drawings, it shall be appreciated that the embodiments as described above are merely illustrative rather than limitative of the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the scope of the present disclosure is defined merely by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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2019 10462858.2 | May 2019 | CN | national |
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
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PCT/CN2020/092007 | 5/25/2020 | WO | 00 |