Claims
- 1. An electrorheological fluid comprising:
- (a) the reaction product of a quaternary amine and a crown ether; and
- (b) a high dielectric strength, low dielectric constant fluid.
- 2. The electrorheological fluid of claim 1 wherein said crown ether comprises the crown ethers having from about 4 to about 10 oxygen atoms or from about 4 to about 10 sulfur atoms.
- 3. The electrorheological fluid of claim 1 wherein said quaternary amine is selected from the mono and diquaternary amines having from about 4 to about 50 carbon atoms.
- 4. The electrorheological fluid of claim 1 wherein said high dielectric strength, low dielectric constant fluid is selected from the group consisting of alcohols, polyols, glycols, hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons, mineral oils, silicone-based oils and greases, aldehydes and ketones.
- 5. The electrorheological fluid of claim 4 wherein the low dielectric constant fluid is mineral oil or silicone-based oil.
- 6. A method of using an electrorheological fluid comprising:
- (1) making an electric contact across an electrorheological fluid comprising:
- (a) the reaction product of a quaternary amine and a crown ether; and
- (b) a high dielectric strength, low dielectric constant fluid; and
- (2) applying an electric field across the electrorheological fluid.
- 7. The method of claim 6 wherein said quaternary amine is selected from the mono and diquaternary amines have from 4 to about 50 carbon atoms.
- 8. The method of claim 6 wherein said crown ether comprises the crown ethers having from about 4 to about 10 oxygen atoms or from about 4 to about 10 sulfur atoms.
- 9. The method of claim 6 wherein said high dielectric strength, low dielectric constant fluid is selected from the group consisting of alcohols, polyols, glycols, hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons, mineral oils, silicone-based oils and greases, aldehydes and ketones.
- 10. The method of claim 6 wherein the low dielectric constant fluid is mineral oil or silicone-based oil.
- 11. A process for producing an electrorheological fluid comprising:
- reacting a crown ether with a quaternary amine; and
- disposing the reaction product in a high dielectric strength, low dielectric constant fluid.
- 12. The process of claim 11 wherein said reacting is in the presence of a solvent selected from the group consisting of tetrahydrofuran, hexane, diethylether, hexane, toluene, 1,4-dioxane and mixtures thereof.
- 13. The process of claim 11 wherein said crown ether comprises the crown ethers having from about 4 to about 10 oxygen atoms or from about 4 to about 10 sulfur atoms.
- 14. The process of claim 11 wherein said quaternary amine is selected from the mono and diquaternary amines having from about 4 to about 50 carbon atoms.
- 15. The process of claim 11 wherein said high dielectric strength, low dielectric constant fluid is selected from the group consisting of alcohols, polyols, glycols, hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons, mineral oils, silicone-based oils and greases, aldehydes and ketones.
- 16. The process of claim 12 wherein said solvent is removed after said reacting.
RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. Ser. No. 486,656 filed on Mar. 1, 1990, now abandoned.
US Referenced Citations (11)
Foreign Referenced Citations (1)
Number |
Date |
Country |
56-83460 |
Jul 1981 |
JPX |
Non-Patent Literature Citations (1)
Entry |
Chemical Abstracts, vol. 99, No. 7, AN 52998v, "The Ionic Hydrogen Bond", M. Meot-Ner, 1983. |
Continuation in Parts (1)
|
Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
486656 |
Mar 1990 |
|