Patent Application
20230182149
The present application relates to an electrostatic precipitation air cleaning system for removing mist, smoke or particles from an air stream.
Electrostatic precipitator systems are typically used with machine tools for collecting and removing smoke, mist and metal particle contaminants produced during operation of the machine tool. Electrostatic precipitator systems can be mounted in proximity to the machine tool such that the contaminants produced by the machine tool are directed through electrostatic precipitator cells within the electrostatic precipitator system. The machine tool coolant fluids generated during operation of the machine tool can be either water-soluble or oil-based. Electrostatic precipitator systems work well in applications where the machine tool coolant is oil-based. The collected oil mist contaminants are easily collected without issue. With water-soluble machine tool coolants, a nuisance arcing problem can occur because the collected mist is conductive and can arc and short out collectors within the electrostatic precipitator cells.
Electrostatic precipitator systems typically use a high voltage supply that delivers a voltage of 8,200 VDC to the ionizers and 4,150 VDC to the collectors during operation. While 4,150 VDC works well with collectors when oil-based coolants are used by the machine tool, a lower collector voltage is desired when water soluble coolants are used to avoid the arcing and shorting out of the collectors. Because it is difficult to switch high voltages, one approach that has been used is to use a voltage induced into the collector from the ionizer. When 8,200 VDC is supplied to the ionizer, the induced voltage from the ionizer to the collector is about 2,500 VDC which is effective when water soluble coolants are used. Because this voltage is induced or provided indirectly to the collector, it can be difficult to determine if a collector is experiencing problems such as arcing or shorting.
For these and other reasons, there is a need for the present invention.
According to an embodiment of an electrostatic precipitation air cleaning system for removing mist, smoke or particles from an air stream, the electrostatic precipitation air cleaning system includes an ionizer, a collector and an exhaust fan configured to draw the air stream through the ionizer and the collector. The electrostatic precipitation air cleaning system includes a high voltage power supply that provides an ionizer voltage to the ionizer and at least a first collector voltage and a second collector voltage. The electrostatic precipitation air cleaning system includes an electrostatic precipitator controller coupled to the high voltage power supply and operable to select one of the at least the first collector voltage and the second collector voltage to provide to the collector.
According to an embodiment of an electrostatic precipitation air cleaning system for removing water-soluble mist, smoke or particles or oil-based mist, smoke or particles from an air stream, the electrostatic precipitation air cleaning system includes a housing that includes a bottom input port and a top output port, an electrostatic precipitator cell mounted within the housing that includes an ionizer and a collector, and an exhaust fan mounted within the housing between the output port and the electrostatic precipitator cell and operable to draw the airstream through the electrostatic precipitator cell from the input port. The electrostatic precipitation air cleaning system includes a high voltage power supply that provides a DC ionizer voltage at a first output and a switchable DC collector voltage at a second output, and includes a collector voltage controller coupled to the high voltage power supply that is operable to set the switchable DC collector voltage at the second output to at least a first one of a plurality of DC collector voltages and a second one of a plurality of DC collector voltages.
According to an embodiment of an electrostatic precipitation air cleaning system for removing water-soluble mist, smoke or particles or oil-based mist, smoke or particles from an air stream, the electrostatic precipitation air cleaning system includes a rectangular housing that includes an airstream input port at a bottom of the housing and an airstream output grill at a top of the housing, a high voltage power supply that provides a DC ionizer voltage at a first output and a switchable DC collector voltage at a second output, one or more electrostatic precipitator cells mounted within the housing, where each electrostatic precipitator cell including an ionizer and a collector. The ionizer coupled to the first output and the collector is coupled to the second output. The electrostatic precipitation air cleaning system includes a collector indicator light coupled to the second output of the high voltage power supply. The collector indicator light changes from an illuminated state to a non-illuminated state or from the non-illuminated state to the illuminated state if the switchable DC collector voltage at the second output falls below a collector voltage threshold level. The electrostatic precipitation air cleaning system includes an exhaust fan driven by an electric motor and is mounted within the housing adjacent to the output grill. The exhaust fan is operable to draw the airstream through the one or more electrostatic precipitator cells from the input port.
Those skilled in the art will recognize additional features and advantages upon reading the following detailed description, and upon viewing the accompanying drawings.
The elements of the drawings are not necessarily to scale relative to each other. Like reference numerals designate corresponding similar parts. The features of the various illustrated embodiments can be combined unless they exclude each other. Embodiments are depicted in the drawings and are detailed in the description which follows.
In the following detailed description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings which form a part hereof, and in which is shown by way of illustration specific examples in which the disclosure may be practiced. It is to be understood that other examples may be utilized and structural or logical changes may be made without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. The following detailed description, therefore, is not to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of the present disclosure is defined by the appended claims. It is to be understood that features of the various examples described herein may be combined, in part or whole, with each other, unless specifically noted otherwise.
In the illustrated embodiment, electrostatic precipitation air cleaning system 100 has a rectangular housing 102 that includes an airstream input port 104 at a bottom 106 of the housing 102 and an airstream output port 108 or output grill 108 at a top 110 of the housing 102. A high voltage power supply 112 provides a DC ionizer voltage at a first output 212 and a switchable DC collector voltage at a second output 216 (see also,
In another embodiment, housing 102 includes an ionizer indicator light 232 coupled to first output 212 of high voltage power supply 112 that changes from an illuminated state to a non-illuminated state or from the non-illuminated state to the illuminated state if the DC ionizer voltage at the first output 212 falls below an ionizer voltage threshold level (see also,
In another embodiment, the collector indicator light 120 changes from the illuminated state to the non-illuminated state or from the non-illuminated state to the illuminated state if the DC ionizer voltage at the first output 212 falls below an ionizer threshold voltage level or if the switchable DC collector voltage at the second output falls 216 below a collector voltage threshold level. In one embodiment, the ionizer threshold voltage level and the collector voltage threshold level are approximately equal to zero volts. In one embodiment, the ionizer threshold voltage level and the collector voltage threshold level are reached when the high voltage power supply fails or shuts down.
In the illustrated embodiment, a collector voltage controller 124 is coupled to the high voltage power supply 112 that is operable to set the switchable DC collector voltage at the second output 216 to a value that is greater than zero and less than the DC ionizer voltage (see also,
In the illustrated embodiment, exhaust fan 126 is driven by an electric motor 128 and is mounted within the housing 102 adjacent to the grill 108. Exhaust fan 126 draws the airstream through electrostatic precipitator cells 114 and 116 from input port 104. Exhaust fan speed controller 130 adjusts a velocity of the airflow through the electrostatic precipitator cells 114 and 116. In one embodiment, the velocity of the airflow is variable up to 850 Cubic Feet per Minute (CFM). In the illustrated embodiment, electrostatic cell test buttons 132 and 134 are located on filter access door 136 for respective electrostatic precipitator cells 114 and 116. Housing 102 also includes an access door interlock switch 138 for access door 136.
During operation of electrostatic precipitation air cleaning system 100, water-soluble mist, smoke or particles or oil-based mist, smoke or particles from an air stream are moved through input port 104 and will pass upwardly through ionizer 114a and collector 114b of electrostatic precipitator cell 114, and will pass through ionizer 116a and collector 116b of electrostatic precipitator cell 116. Respective ionizers 114a and 116a include an ionizer grid that ionizes or charges the mist, smoke or particles. The charged mist, smoke or particles in collectors 114b and 116b will be attracted to ground fins by charged fins that are within each of the respective collectors 114b and 116b.
In the illustrated embodiment, a DC ionizer voltage of 8.75 kV provided at first output 212 of first power supply circuit 210 within high voltage power supply 112 and is supplied to the ionizer grids within ionizer 116a and collector 116b. A switchable DC collector voltage is provided at second output 216 of second power supply circuit 214 within high voltage power supply 112 to the charged fins within collectors 114b and 116b. A DC collector voltage of 4.5 kV is provided at second output 216 when switch 124 in an oil mode or oil-based mode which is when electrostatic precipitation air cleaning system 100 is operated to remove oil-based mist, smoke or particles from an air stream. A DC collector voltage of 2.25 kV is provided at second output 216 when switch 124 in a water mode or water-soluble mode which is when electrostatic precipitation air cleaning system 100 is operated to remove water-soluble mist, smoke or particles from an air stream. In other embodiments, the DC ionizer voltage and the switchable DC collector voltage can have any suitable values.
In the illustrated embodiment, drops of liquid or conductive particles that accumulate within the ionizer grids can potentially arc or short out ionizers 114a and 116a within respective electrostatic precipitator cells 114 and 116 and cause the DC ionizer voltage at first output 212 to drop below an ionizer threshold voltage level. In the illustrated embodiment, the ionizer threshold voltage level is approximately equal to zero volts and occurs when first power supply circuit 210 fails or shuts down. When this occurs, ionizer indicator light 232, which is coupled to first power supply circuit 210, changes from an illuminated state to a non-illuminated state or from the non-illuminated state to the illuminated state to indicate a failure of first power supply circuit 210. In other embodiments, the ionizer indicator light 232 is not used.
In the illustrated embodiment, drops of liquid or conductive particles that accumulate between the charged fins and ground fins can potentially arc or short out collectors 114b and 116b within respective electrostatic precipitator cells 114 and 116 and cause the DC collector voltage at second output 216 to drop below a collector threshold voltage level. In the illustrated embodiment, the collector threshold voltage level is approximately equal to zero volts and occurs when second power supply circuit 214 shuts down. When this occurs, collector indicator light 120, which is coupled to second power supply circuit 214, changes from an illuminated state to a non-illuminated state or from the non-illuminated state to the illuminated state to indicate a failure of second power supply circuit 214.
Second power supply circuit 214 includes an input second AC/DC converter or rectifier stage 320 that receives an input via conductor 318 from first transformer 310. An output of second AC/DC converter stage 320 at 324 is coupled to oscillator 326. An output of oscillator 326 at 328 is coupled to second transformer 330, and an output of second transformer 330 at 332 is coupled to second voltage multiplier 334. A collector voltage feedback loop is provided by conductor 336 between voltage multiplier 334 and oscillator 326 to regulate or maintain the DC collector voltage at second output 216 to a desired value. The DC collector voltage at second output 216 is regulated to maintain and/or limit an amperage or level of current flow through second output 216 to collectors 114b and 116b. In the illustrated embodiment, the DC collector voltage provided at second output 216 is regulated at and is switchable between 4.5 kV and 2.25 kV. In other embodiments, the DC output voltage at second output 216 can be regulated or maintained at other suitable voltage values.
In the illustrated embodiment, electrostatic precipitator controller 124 or collector voltage controller 124 is coupled to oscillator 326 of the high voltage power supply 112. Collector voltage controller 124 controls a frequency of oscillator 326 in order to set the DC collector voltage at second output 216 to a desired value. Collector voltage controller 124 can set the DC collector voltage at second output 216 to at least a first collector voltage and a second collector voltage. In some embodiments, collector voltage controller 124 can set the DC collector voltage at second output 216 to a plurality of DC collector voltages that include three or more DC collector voltages. In one embodiment, the second collector voltage is set to a value that is greater than zero and less than the DC output voltage or ionizer voltage at first output 212.
In the illustrated embodiment, collector voltage controller 124 is a collector switch 124 having a first switch state and a second switch state. The first switch state provides a first voltage value via output 338 to oscillator 326 and the second switch state provides a second voltage value via output 338 to oscillator 326. The first voltage value and the second voltage value provided to oscillator 326 control a frequency of oscillator 326 in order to set the collector voltage at second output 216 to a desired value. In one embodiment, the first voltage value is 5 volts and sets the collector voltage at second output 216 to 4.5 kV, and the second voltage value is zero volts and sets the collector voltage at second output 216 to 2.25 kV. In this embodiment, setting the collector voltage at second output 216 to 4.5 kV corresponds to setting switch 124 in an oil mode or oil-based mode when electrostatic precipitation air cleaning system 100 is operated to remove oil-based mist, smoke or particles from an air stream (see also,
The experiment was performed to determine a collector voltage range that would maximize the ability of the electrostatic precipitator cells 114 and 116 to capture highly conductive mist from a water soluble coolant or fog machine oil. A 1000 watt high output fog machine with a variable mist density control was coupled to input port 104 of housing 102 to direct the conductive mist through collectors 114b and 116b. The fog machine was operated with the electrostatic precipitation air cleaning system 100 running normally until electrostatic precipitator cell 114 was fully saturated and dripping moisture. Once electrostatic precipitator cell 114 was fully saturated, a variable DC voltage power supply was attached to collectors 114b and 116b in order to vary the DC collector voltage provided to collectors 114b and 116b while the DC ionizer voltage applied to ionizers 114a and 116a remained at 8,200 VDC.
The experiment was performed with a bright light positioned to make any bypassed mist flowing out of output port 108 visible, the exhaust fan speed controller 130 of electrostatic precipitation air cleaning system 100 was set at a medium to low setting, and the variable mist density control for the fog machine was set to provide a continuous 50% mist density output into input port 104. The variable DC voltage power supply was adjusted to provide a DC collector voltage to collectors 114b and 116b that ranged between 0 VDC to 4,000 VDC while viewing output port 108 with the bright light.
At low DC collector voltages, the charged mist flowing through collectors 114b and 116b will not be attracted to the ground fins by charged fins that are within collectors 114b and 116b and the mist will be bypassed. At medium DC collector voltages, the charged mist flowing through collectors 114b and 116b will be attracted to the ground fins and collected. At high DC collector voltages, the electrostatic precipitator cells 114 and 116 will noticeably start arcing and shorting out and the mist will bypass electrostatic precipitator cells 114 and 116.
The graph illustrated in
While the foregoing written description of the invention enables one of ordinary skill to make and use what is considered presently to be the best mode thereof, those of ordinary skill will understand and appreciate the existence of variations, combinations, and equivalents of the specific embodiment, method, and examples herein. The invention should therefore not be limited by the above described embodiment, method, and examples, but by all embodiments and methods within the scope and spirit of the invention.
The detailed description is merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the described embodiments or the application and uses of the described embodiments. As used herein, the word “exemplary” or “illustrative” means “serving as an example, instance, or illustration.” Any implementation described herein as “exemplary” or “illustrative” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other implementations. All of the implementations described below are exemplary implementations provided to enable persons skilled in the art to make or use the embodiments of the disclosure and are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure, which is defined by the claims. For purposes of description herein, the terms “upper”, “lower”, “left”, “rear”, “right”, “front”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, and derivatives thereof shall relate to the invention as oriented in the figures. Furthermore, there is no intention to be bound by any expressed or implied theory presented in the preceding technical field, background, brief summary or the following detailed description. It is also to be understood that the specific devices and processes illustrated in the attached drawings, and described in the following specification, are simply exemplary embodiments of the inventive concepts defined in the appended claims. Hence, specific dimensions and other physical characteristics relating to the embodiments disclosed herein are not to be considered as limiting, unless the claims expressly state otherwise.
With the above range of variations and applications in mind, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited by the foregoing description, nor is it limited by the accompanying drawings. Instead, the present invention is limited only by the following claims and their legal equivalents.
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US2020/032452 | 5/12/2020 | WO |
