BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The present invention is described in more detail in the following with reference to illustrated realisation examples. It is shown in the:
FIG. 1 An element of brick material in a front view with the cross-section of the recesses;
FIG. 2 The element in the same view as in the FIG. 1 the recesses being filled with insulating material;
FIG. 3 The element of brick material according to the FIG. 1, oriented longitudinally, shown in a side view;
FIG. 4 The connection of two lateral ends of the element of brick material with the arrangement of reinforcing elements during the manufacturing phase of the single panel;
FIG. 5 An element of brick material shown axonometrically;
FIG. 6 An axonometric view of three elements placed side by side, the distancing members of synthetic material being arranged in the recesses in the element 1, being the object of the present invention and suitable for producing single panels for walls and ceilings;
FIG. 7 An axonometric view of three elements placed side by side, the distancing members of synthetic material being arranged in the recesses in the element 1, with the reinforcing elements of metal.
FIG. 8 An axonometric view of three elements placed side by side, the distancing members of synthetic material being arranged in the recesses in the element 1, with the reinforcing elements of metal and concrete mortar;
FIG. 9 An axonometric view of six elements placed side by side, with the corresponding distancing members, suitable for producing a double wall;
FIG. 10 An axonometric view of six elements placed side by side, with the corresponding distancing members, suitable for producing a double wall with reinforcing elements and concrete mortar arranged between the panels;
FIG. 11 A horizontal section of inventive elements of brick material in a single layer panel for application as an intermediate wall, the underside not presenting openings for airing;
FIG. 12 A horizontal section of inventive elements of brick material in a single layer panel for application as a load-bearing wall element, the underside not presenting openings for airing;
FIG. 13 A horizontal section of inventive elements of brick material, the underside of which does not present openings for airing, which with the help of suitable distancing members of thermo-hardening plastic synthetic material are arranged opposite each other, with reinforcing elements and concrete mortar filled in between them;
FIG. 14 A horizontal section of inventive elements of brick material in a single layer panel to be used as an intermediate wall, the underside of the elements presenting openings for airing;
FIG. 15 A horizontal section of inventive elements of brick material in a single layer panel to be used as a load-bearing wall element, the underside of the elements presenting openings for airing;
FIG. 16 A horizontal section of inventive elements of brick material the underside of which present openings for airing, the elements being arranged opposite each other with the help of suitable distancing members made from thermo-hardening synthetic material, with reinforcing elements arranged in the space between the elements filled with concrete mortar;
FIG. 17 A horizontal section of inventive elements of brick material the underside of which present openings for airing, with another inventive element of brick material not provided with airing openings on its underside, which are arranged opposite each other with the help of distancing members of thermo-hardening synthetic material, with reinforcing elements arranged between them and filled with cement mortar;
FIG. 18 An inventive element 1 with aired underside, suitable for producing a panel to be used in a ceiling, where the elements of brick material alternate with reinforcing elements of metal and cement mortar;
FIG. 19 Two elements of brick material, which are mutually connected with the help of distancing members of thermo-hardening synthetic material, the underside of which are not provided with airing openings, suitable for producing a panel element feasible for application as a ceiling, where the elements alternate with reinforcing elements and cement mortar cross-sections, which are of a height apt to take up heavier loads.
FIG. 20 A horizontal section of two walls consisting of interconnected elements of brick material with airing openings, which are mutually connected under an angle of 90° using a special angle element;
FIG. 21 A horizontal section of two walls consisting of interconnected elements of brick material with airing openings, which are mutually interconnected using a right angle connection;
FIG. 22 A horizontal section of two walls consisting of interconnected or individual elements of brick material with airing openings and which are mutually interconnected using a right angle connection;
FIGS. 23, 24, 25 The element of brick material without airing openings, to be used for producing shutter housings (roller shutter or lamella Venetian blind type);
FIG. 26 A vertical section of a wall consisting of n elements of brick material with aired underside, which are integrated with cement mortar and which comprises a support for supporting another element for ceilings, a wall without openings being formed;
FIG. 27 A vertical section of a wall consisting of n elements of brick material with aired underside, which are integrated with cement mortar and which comprises a support for supporting another element for ceilings, a wall comprising a door frame being formed;
FIG. 28 A vertical section of a wall consisting of n elements of brick material with aired underside, which are integrated with cement mortar and which comprises a support for supporting another element for ceilings, a wall comprising a window frame being formed;
FIG. 29 A horizontal section of a panel element formed by one element of brick material with aired underside, and by a second element of brick material without airing openings on its underside, with insulating material and cement mortar inserted between them, suitable for producing a type of sandwich panels;
FIG. 30 A horizontal section of a panel element formed by two elements of brick material without airing openings on their undersides, with insulating material and cement mortar inserted between them, suitable for producing a type of sandwich panels;
FIG. 31 A horizontal section of a panel element formed using an element with non-aired underside, with insulating material and cement mortar in-between suitable for producing a type of sandwich panels;
FIGS. 32, 33 and 34 An overall view and a longitudinal section of the distancing member of thermo-hardening synthetic material of cylindrical form with several part zones;
FIGS. 35, 36, 37 and 38 An overall view and a longitudinal section and a cross-section each of the upper and the lower part of the sleeve, made also from thermo-hardening synthetic material;
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
In the FIG. 1 it can be seen that the cross-section of the element of brick material 1 is of rectangular form, with the upper side 3 and an underside 2. The upper side 3 is formed by five recesses or grooves 12, 121, 122, 123 and 124 extending over the full length of the element, alternating with four through-passing openings or ducts 7, 71, 72 and 73. The undersides 2 also are formed with five recesses 79, 710, 711, 712, 713 extending throughout the element but which are closed. Between the upper side 3 and the underside 2 five through-passing openings or bores 74, 75, 76, 77, 78 are provided extending over the full length of the element, and which can take up the insulating material or line ducts or inserts, as illustrated in the FIG. 2. In the FIG. 1 the narrow side 4 presents a protruding portion, whereas the other narrow side 5 presents a recess zone, the shapes of these zones being laid out complementary in such a manner that an insertion arrangement 6 is formed where two elements 1 are joined (compare the FIGS. 4 and 6). The recesses or grooves in the upper side 3 are of a depth of about half the width of the recesses in such a manner that reinforcing irons 9, 10, 11 can be taken up, which by filling in cement mortar 22 (FIG. 8) are integrated and thus improve the load bearing capacity of the elements. Furthermore the cement mortar 22 penetrating into the recesses 12 improves cohesion between the elements 1 and prevents detachment.
The elements 1 are of the following dimensions:
- Length of the element 1 ranging from 50 cm to 150 cm,
- Width of the element 1 ranging from 40 to 60 cm, preferentially 50 cm,
- Height of the element 1 ranging from 10 to 15 cm.
Using elements of these dimensions more than 15 types of panel elements of different layout, insulation and load bearing thickness can be produced.
A further preferred characteristic of the inventive element 1 is seen in that owing to the inter-space between the upper side 3 of the element and the same side 3 of the element 1 arranged opposite, zones with variable shapes of the reinforced concrete can be provided, the thickness of which can range from a minimum of 10 cm to a maximum of 30 cm, which furthermore may contain various types of reinforcing elements 18, 19 or technological components as actual implants. The element 1, object of the present invention, offers two different possibilities of reinforcing the panel elements.
A first layout of the reinforcing elements (FIG. 7) can consist of commercially available reinforcing irons, which according to the structural requirements for each case can be arranged by the calculating civil engineer, or of special metal profiles inserted between the elements, not only for the height of the elements but also between these and the building in its total height, or with the help of normal reinforcing cages.
A further preferred property of the inventive element 1 is seen in that the height of the through-passing ducts or openings 79, 710, 711, 712, 713 of the underside 2 in its height corresponds to about ⅓ of the height of the central through-passing openings 74, 75, 76, 77, 78. In the following various applications of the inventive element of brick material are described corresponding to the application of the main types of panel elements formed using the element 1, with reference to the example of three base types in a building.
For realising a whole series of assemblies of elements of brick material it can be required that two identical inventive elements 1 of brick material are to be interconnected in such a manner that they are facing each other, namely e.g. that the upper sides are arranged opposite each other (back to back). In the inter-space that remains free, reinforcing metal elements can be inserted, such as e.g. reinforcing steel rods 9, 9′, etc., which, if required, can be mutually connected with reinforcing cages 10, and the inter-space can be filled e.g. with cement mortar in such a manner that a highly resistant sandwich structure is obtained. This arrangement is illustrated in the FIGS. 9, 10, 13, 16, 17 and 19. For rigid mutual fixation of the two elements 1 arranged opposite each other before filling the inter-space with cement mortar suitable distancing members 13 have been developed, formed as pins 21 (Compare the FIGS. 32 and 33) provided with mushroom-shaped heads on either side (Compare the FIGS. 35, 36, 37 and 38). The length of the pin 21 is chosen in correspondence with the width desired of the inter-space between the two elements 1 of brick material to remain free. This length thus can be set between a few cm and 20 cm. The distancing members 13, made preferentially from thermo-hardening synthetic material, with their mushroom-shaped heads then are inserted into the longitudinally extending recesses 12, . . . 124 in the upper sides 3 of the elements 1 and are distributed along the recesses in an arrangement required for the manufacturing process. This is illustrated e.g. in the FIG. 13, which shows a section of a structural element composed of two elements 1 of brick material, which are mutually connected using distancing members 13 where in the inter-space formed reinforcing elements 9, 10 as well as the concrete filling can be seen. From this and other Figures it is easily seen that a great variety of single layer slab construction elements (in the FIGS. 11, 12, 14, 15, 18, 31 for example), or double layer (in e.g. the FIGS. 13, 16, 19, 20, 22, 29, 30), can be realised, where the base elements 1 of brick material according to the present invention, as shown in the FIGS. 1 and 2 with their components, are assembled in suitable manner.
The main advantage of the present invention is seen in this very broad applicability of the inventive element 1 of brick material, the present invention also permitting realisation of angled connections as shown in the FIGS. 20 through 28.
Patent Application
20080022621
