The present invention relates to structures for supporting operating equipment, and more particularly, to structures for supporting operating equipment above grade.
Heavy operating equipment is typically positioned in a fixed location on a concrete pad or the like formed or set on the ground so that the equipment will be held at grade in a fixed location. By way of example, a horsehead oil pump has a pivoting beam coupled with a piston in a well to pump oil therefrom. The oil pump must maintain a fixed position aligned with the well for proper operation. Unfortunately, the concrete pad is susceptible to damage or shifting due to expansive soils, frost heave, wetting and drying cycles, and other processes, which can result in undesirable shifting of the operating equipment from its appropriate position. Such changes in the position of the oil pump can lead to failure of the pump and/or damage to the well.
Moreover, the use of concrete pads becomes difficult if the location of the operating equipment is in a remote area. The pads can be quite large, making them difficult to transport if pre-cast. And the volumes of concrete needed can be challenging to transport to the location, if the pad is to be made on-site.
The present invention provides improvements in the way operating equipment is supported so as to minimize or eliminate risk of undesired shifting of the equipment. To this end, and in accordance with the principles of the present invention, piles installed deep in the ground have free ends disposed above grade each with a pile cap associated with each free end defining a generally horizontally disposed cap plate, and a platform having two longitudinally-extended beams with generally flat plates of attachment members secured to and extending outwardly from the outboard sides of the beams, each attachment member secured to a respective cap plate so as to support a piece of operating equipment on the platform. As a result, the platform is held above grade by piles that remain fixed in position in the ground thereby minimizing or eliminating damage or shifting of the platform due to expansive soils, frost heave, wetting and drying cycles, and other processes. Advantageously, the platform is made from steel members, thus avoiding the need to transport large volumes of concrete or concrete pads such as to remote locations.
The piles and platform components can be provided as a kit unassembled for easy transport to a site location. At the site, the piles are driven into the ground, the free ends adapted with the pile caps such as by trimming the free ends to desired height(s) and securing the pile caps thereto, and the platform positioned over the free ends of the piles such that the attachment member plates confront respective ones of the pile cap plates, which are then secured together. Thus, there is no need for large concrete pads or volumes of concrete to be transported or handled at the site.
Where the operating equipment is a horsehead oil pump, in accordance with an aspect of the invention, the platform is advantageously made of steel, with the two longitudinal structural beams supported on a plurality of helical piles in a particular arrangement. In that regard, ten helical piles may be used, with three pairs of them arranged in a vertical orientation under the platform, one pair at the front end near the well head extending in a forwardly battered and outwardly splayed out configuration, and one pair at the back end remote from the well head extending in a rearwardly battered configuration. The back end piles may also be outwardly splayed. An eleventh vertical pile may be included between the forwardmost pair of vertical piles. Advantageously, the three pairs of vertical piles are placed on nine foot centers, with the battered pile pairs at the front and back connecting at their free ends at a spacing of three feet from the respective forwardmost and rearwardmost pairs of vertical piles.
By virtue of the foregoing, there are thus provided improvements in the way operating equipment is supported so as to minimize or eliminate risk of undesired shifting of the equipment. These and other objects and advantages of the present invention shall be made apparent from the accompanying drawings and the description thereof.
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the general description of the invention given above and the detailed description of the embodiments given below, serve to explain the principles of the present invention.
With reference to
Each pile 12 is installed deep into the ground G such that a free end 22 thereof extends above grade 20. Particularly, the piles 12 are installed deep enough in the ground to be effective for supporting the platform 16 and the operating equipment 18, as described herein. In the embodiment shown, the piles 12b, 12c, 12d, 12g, 12h, and 12i are installed into the ground G so as to have a generally vertical orientation with pile pair 12b, 12g being the forwardmost pair and pile pair 12d, 12i being the rearwardmost pair, with pair 12c, 12h being intermediate therebetween. Pile pairs 12b, 12g and 12d, 12i are spaced from intermediate pile pair 12c, 12h. Piles 12a, 12f are installed into the ground G forward of pile pair 12b, 12g so as to have a generally forwardly extending battered orientation such as at 30° to vertical (
Each pile cap 14 is configured to be coupled to a free end 22 of a pile 12, and includes a cap plate 30 and a sleeve portion 32, also referred to as a receiver sleeve. The cap plate 30 is secured to the sleeve portion 32, and the sleeve portion 32 fits around a respective free end 22 of a pile 12 when a pile cap 14 is coupled to a pile 12. A pile cap 14 may be secured to a pile 12 in any appropriate manner. For example, each sleeve portion 32 of a pile cap 14 may include one or more sleeve apertures 34, and each free end 22 of a pile 12 may include one or more corresponding pile apertures 36. A sleeve portion 32 may be secured to a pile 12 by a fastening member 38, such as a bolt, received in respective aligned sleeve apertures 34 and pile apertures 36.
As shown in
The pile caps 14 are coupled to the free ends 22 of the piles 12 before the platform 16 is positioned on the pile caps 14. In some instances it may be necessary to trim a free end 22 of a pile 12 before coupling a pile cap 14 thereto. For example, after piles 12 are installed into the ground G, various free ends 22 thereof may require trimming so that all the free ends 22 extend to generally the same height above grade 20. Then, the pile caps 14 may be coupled to the free ends 22.
The platform 16 is situated atop and secured to the pile caps 14. In particular, the platform 16 includes a plurality of attachment members 50 that rest on and are secured to the pile caps 14.
With reference to
The platform 16 also includes a plurality of cross beams 80, 82, 84, 86, 88, 90, 92, and 94 (
The attachment members 50 (attachment members 50a-j shown) are secured to and extend outwardly from the outboard sides of the structural beams 52, 54. Particularly, attachment members 50a-e are secured to and extend outwardly from the outboard side 58 of the structural beam 52, and attachment members 50f-50j are secured to and extend outwardly from the outboard side 62 of the structural beam 54. Each attachment member 50 includes a generally flat attachment plate 100 that is disposed in a generally horizontal orientation. Each attachment plate 100 rests on and is secured to a cap plate 30 of a pile cap 14 when the platform 16 is positioned on the pile caps 14.
As shown in
As shown in
As shown in the figures, each attachment member 50 is generally opposite one of the respective structural beams 52, 54 from a respective cross beam 80, 82, 86, 90, 92. Of course, other positions of the attachment members 50 are also possible.
The platform 16 also includes two longitudinally-extending outer beams 130, 132, which are positioned outwardly of the outboard sides 58, 62 of the respective structural beams 52, 54. The outer beams 130, 132 are secured to the first and second gusset plates 102, 104 of the various attachment members 50. As shown in
The platform 16 also includes a steel grating 134 positioned atop the structural beams 52, 54 (
The platform 16 also includes structure for securing the operating equipment 18 to the platform 16. In the embodiment shown, and as shown in
In addition, and although they are not shown, the platform can include tie-down apertures that are configured to receive a fastener, such as a bolt, for securing the operating equipment 18 to the platform with such fasteners. For example, the operating equipment 18 may be bolted to the platform 16 by fasteners received in the tie-down apertures.
The operating equipment 18 may therefore be supported atop the platform 16 above grade 20 as follows. First, the piles 12 are installed into the ground such that free ends 22 thereof extend above grade 20. In some cases, this may include installing a first plurality of piles 12 (such as piles 12b-12d and 12g-12i) at a generally vertical orientation in the ground G, and a second plurality of piles 12 (such as piles 12a, 12f forward of piles 12b, 12g, and piles 12e, 12j rearward of piles 12d, 12i) at a generally oblique angle in the ground G. Advantageously, piles 12a, 12f are installed in a forwardly oblique battered and outwardly splayed orientation, with piles 12e, 12j installed in a rearwardly oblique battered orientation (and may also be splayed). The piles 12 advantageously include helical piles having helically-arranged blades 24. If required, the free ends 22 of one or more of the piles 12 may require trimming to an appropriate height above grade 20.
Then, the pile caps 14 are coupled to the free ends 22 of the piles 12. The sleeve portions 32 of the pile caps 14 are placed onto and fit around the free ends 22. The pile caps 14 may be secured to the piles 12. For example, a fastening member 38 may be installed in respective aligned sleeve apertures 34 and pile apertures 36.
After the pile caps 14 are coupled to the piles 12, the platform 16 is positioned above the pile caps 14. The platform 16 is moved to bring the attachment members 50, and in particular the attachment plates 100, into confronting relationship with the cap plates 30 of the pile caps 14. The attachment plates 100 are secured to the cap plates 30. For example, a fastening member 114 may be positioned in respective aligned attachment plate apertures 110 and cap plate apertures 112.
The operating equipment 18 may then be positioned atop the platform 16. The operating equipment 18 may be secured to the platform 16. For example, a brace bar 160 can be positioned over a portion of the operating equipment 18. The brace bar 160 is connected to a channel rail 150 secured to the platform 16 through a tie bar 158. In addition, the operating equipment 18 may be bolted to the platform 16.
Advantageously, where the operating equipment 18 is a horsehead oil pump, the platform 16 is eight feet wide and 34 feet long (between ends 96 and 98), with the pump 18 situated thereon to extend between the free ends 22 of the forward battered piles 12a, 12f at the forward end 98 and the free ends 22 of the rearward battered piles 12e, 12j. The piles 12 are installed such that the free ends 22 of pile pairs 12b, 12g and 12d, 12i are spaced from intermediate pile pair 12c, 12h on nine foot centers, the free ends 22 of forward battered pile pair 12a, 12f are spaced three feet forward of pile pair 12b, 12g, and the free ends 22 of rearward battered pile pair 12e, 12j are spaced three feet rearward of pile pair 12d, 12i. Piles 12 are advantageously rotatably installed to a depth of at least twelve feet and a minimum installation torque of 12,600 ft-lb. at locations providing the above-described spacing and rearward of the well head 19 such that with platform 16 mounted thereon, the forward end 98 of the platform 16 is spaced eight to twelve feet from the well head 19, but other distances may be appropriate depending upon the nature of the pump 18. The forward, battered piles 12a, 12f are splayed outwardly so as to avoid interference with the well head 19. As a consequence, the piston 18a of the pump 18 is positioned properly to cooperate with pump 18 into and out of the well head 19. The result is to provide a horsehead oil pump that is held to a steel platform secured, above grade, to helical piles secured in the ground, which results in improvements in the way such pumps are supported so as to minimize or eliminate the risk of undesired shifting thereof relative to the well head and/or undue or excessive vibration, and of which may be encountered in the prior approach of placing the pump on a concrete pad on the ground.
In addition, a kit may be provided that includes a plurality of the piles 12, a plurality of the pile caps 14, and a platform 16, all as described above. The piles 12, pile caps 14, and platform 16 may be assembled, as discussed above, to provide an elevated equipment assembly for supporting operating equipment above grade.
While the present invention has been illustrated by the description of embodiments thereof, and while the embodiments have been described in considerable detail, it is not intended to restrict or in any way limit the scope of the appended claims to such detail. Additional advantages and modifications will readily appear to those skilled in the art. For example, while the platform 16 is described as having two, longitudinally extending structural beams 52, 54 with cross beams 80, 82, 84, 86, 88, 90, 92, and 94 spanning therebetween, it will be appreciated that additional longitudinally extending structural beams (not shown) could be included, with the cross beams spanning between respective beams so as to, collectively, be considered as spanning between structural beams 52, 54. Further, attachment members 50 are shown as secured to the outboard sides of the structural beams 52, 54, but could be affixed elsewhere, such as to other structural beams, if included. And although the platform 16 and free ends 22 of the piles 12 are shown as being secured to each other via pile caps 14 and attachment members 50, in some embodiments, the free ends 22 of one or more of the piles 12 or the pile caps 14 may be secured, such as by welding, directly to the platform 16, such as to the structural and/or cross beams thereof.
Also, in addition to the ten piles 12 describe above, other or different numbers of piles could be used depending on the nature of the operating equipment. By way of example, and not limitation, where the operating equipment 18 is a horsehead oil pump, some installations may benefit from an eleventh, vertically installed helical pile 12k (shown in dotted line in
It will also be appreciated that the connection assembly provided by the combination of the pile caps 14 secured to the free ends of the piles and the attachment members 50 can be used to secure other steel structures to the free ends of piles, examples of such structures being other platforms, columns, bridge elements, tanks, building components, piers, and towers. In those embodiments, the attachment members 50 would be secured to the steel structure as desired, and secured to the pile caps as above-described.
The invention in its broader aspects is, therefore, not limited to the specific details, representative apparatus and method, and illustrative examples shown and described. Accordingly, departures may be made from such details without departing from the spirit or scope of the general inventive concept.
This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/721,084, filed Nov. 1, 2012, the content of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
Number | Date | Country | |
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61721084 | Nov 2012 | US |