Patent Application
20140291074
The object of the invention is an elevator arrangement and a method for re-adjusting the elevator arrangement, which elevator arrangement is preferably an elevator arrangement applicable to passenger transport and/or freight transport, comprising a plurality of elevators suited to this purpose.
The invention relates to an elevator arrangement for high-rise buildings, which arrangement comprises a number of elevators, which have different ranges of movement in the vertical direction, and they therefore travel in the vertical direction to different heights, and can thus serve different floors. These elevators are in this context called zoned elevators. For feeding passengers to these types of elevators, there can also be a feeder elevator in use, which in this context is called a lobby elevator. A lobby elevator can efficiently feed passengers to the aforementioned zoned elevators, stopping only at some of the floors of the zoned elevators (in this context so-called “lobby floors”), from which lobby floors the passengers can continue to their destination floors with zoned elevators, which stop frequently. There are also other feeder methods. For example, when the arrangement is implemented without a separate feeder elevator, a passenger can climb to higher in the building using a number of zoned elevators consecutively. This, however, is an extremely slow elevator arrangement that is problematic from the viewpoint of peak traffic periods. In elevator arrangements according to prior art that comprise a number of elevators, one problem is that the construction phase decisions of the building developer and the decisions made on the basis of the needs of initial users concerning the layout of the elevators of the elevator arrangement are often not optimal from the viewpoint of later users of the building. If the owner/tenant of the premises of the building, or the intended usage of the building, later changes, the user traffic can change. Likewise, if the vertical size or user volume of company premises changes, a need can arise to transport people between such floors that originally had no elevator connection. User traffic can also change for other reasons. The service lives of buildings are long, and in practice an elevator arrangement is changed only when an old elevator is modernized and a new elevator arrangement with new elevators is installed. It has been uneconomic to use a building and its elevator arrangement for a long time in a manner that is clearly non-optimal. Taking the preceding into account, there is a need for a more flexible elevator arrangement than before.
Yet another problem noticed in elevators according to prior art is that the machine rooms of elevators have been formed to be large, and the bottom limit of the range of movement of the upper elevator of consecutive zoned elevators operating one above another has been at a distance from the top limit of the range of movement of the lower elevator. These reasons have resulted in the space usage of a building having an efficiency that could be improved with respect to an elevator arrangement. From the viewpoint of design freedom, it has been detrimental that the need to serve some floor has necessitated adjusting a zoned elevator system in a zigzag fashion alternately in adjacent hoistways.
The aim of the invention is to produce an elevator arrangement that is more flexible than earlier and also a method for re-adjusting the elevator arrangement. The aim of the invention is further to solve the aforementioned problems of prior-art solutions as well as the problems disclosed in the description of the invention below. A further aim is to achieve a flexible elevator arrangement safely. A further aim is to achieve a flexible elevator arrangement, the re-adjustment of which can be performed quickly.
According to the invention the elevator arrangement comprises a plurality of elevators in a building, which plurality comprises a plurality of zoned elevators moving in an elevator hoistway, which have different ranges of movement of the elevator car in the building to each other, and which zoned elevators each have a top limit and a bottom limit of the range of movement of the elevator car, to above the top limit and to below the bottom limit of which range of movement travel of the elevator car of the zoned elevator in question is prevented. The vertical location, in relation to the building, of the top limit and/or bottom limit of the range of movement of the elevator car of each aforementioned zoned elevator can be changed. In this way a flexible elevator arrangement is achieved, which can be adapted after the actual commissioning to be optimal with regard to changing needs.
Preferably the zoned elevators each have a top limit and a bottom limit of the range of movement of the elevator car, to above the top limit and to below the bottom limit of which range of movement travel of the elevator car of the zoned elevator in question is mechanically prevented. In this way the solution is safe and simple to implement.
Preferably each zoned elevator comprises vertically movable support structures detachably supported in their position in the elevator hoistway, the vertical location of which in the elevator hoistway determines the location of the top limit/bottom limit of the range of movement of the elevator car of the zoned elevator in question.
Preferably the aforementioned support structures are detachably supported in their position in the elevator hoistway on mounting structures functioning as a support base, above and/or below which mounting structures are corresponding mounting structures such that the support structures detachably supported in their position can be detached from their mounting structures and displaced in the vertical direction and fixed again at a different height in the elevator hoistway to the aforementioned mounting structures above or below. In this way there is no need to perform a lot, or any, modifications to the mounting structures for the purpose of re-supporting, in which case re-supporting is quick to perform. Fixing for the purpose of re-supporting can be performed with the same detachable means t, with which the support structure was supported in its position in its earlier location. The solution is also flexible, because the location of the re-supporting can be selected freely.
Preferably the aforementioned support structures comprise means (t), with which the aforementioned support structures are detachably supported in their position on mounting structures, which comprise structures of the elevator hoistway itself or structures (such as guide rails) in the elevator hoistway, and that above and/or below the aforementioned mounting structures are corresponding mounting structures such that the support structures detachably supported in their position can be detached by opening the means (t) and displaced and fixed again at a different height in the elevator hoistway to the aforementioned mounting structures above or below.
Preferably the means (t), with which the aforementioned support structures are detachably supported in their position on mounting structures, are openable/closable means, which can be shifted between an open position and a closed position. Preferably the means (t) are compression means, which in the closed position compress the mounting structures from two sides, and which in the open position do not compress the mounting structures from two sides. Preferably the means t comprise wedging means for achieving compression, with which the body of the means (t) can be supported with the wedge principle directly on the mounting structures, preferably on a guide rail. This type of structure is safe. With it dependable stopping of the elevator car, if the elevator car drives towards the support structures in question, can also be achieved. It is further advantageous to fit a buffer between the elevator car and the support structure for this type of collision.
Preferably the elevator arrangement also comprises a lobby elevator, the range of movement of the elevator car of which differs from the ranges of movement of the elevator cars of the aforementioned zoned elevators, and the stopping floors of which lobby elevator comprise a plurality of lobby floors, each of which is a stopping floor of one or more zoned elevators belonging to the aforementioned zoned elevator plurality. With a lobby elevator feeder traffic can be offered to the zoned elevators and smooth transfer from the departure floor of the lobby elevator can be achieved, such as from the entrance lobby or sky lobby of the building, to the zoned elevators and onwards to the destination floor.
Preferably the range of movement and the stopping floors of a lobby elevator differ from the ranges of movement and the stopping floors of the aforementioned zoned elevators such that each zoned elevator has one or more stopping floors, which is not a stopping floor of a lobby elevator. In this way the feeder traffic to the zoned elevators is fast and onward passage from a lobby floor is enabled with a zoned elevator.
Preferably the aforementioned lobby floors comprise one or more lobby floors, which is the topmost stopping floor of a zoned elevator belonging to the aforementioned zoned elevator plurality and/or the bottommost stopping floor of a zoned elevator belonging to the aforementioned zoned elevator plurality.
Preferably a zoned elevator comprises the aforementioned support structures at the top end and/or at the bottom end of the range of movement of its elevator car.
Preferably the elevator car of a zoned elevator is arranged to take vertical support force from the aforementioned support structures for vertically supporting and/or moving and/or stopping the elevator car.
Preferably the aforementioned support structures form a structure, supported by which the elevator car of a zoned elevator hangs.
Preferably the aforementioned support structures comprise a rope pulley, via which the roping connected to the elevator car of the zoned elevator in question travels. The support structures can thus function as support structures for the elevator car via the roping.
Preferably a zoned elevator comprises the aforementioned support structures at the top end and/or at the bottom end of the range of movement of its elevator car on the travel path of the elevator car. The support structures can thus function simply as support structures determining the top limit or bottom limit for the elevator car, mechanically preventing movement of the elevator car past them.
Preferably the aforementioned mounting structures comprise a guide rail of the elevator and/or a guide rail bracket and/or a wall structure of the elevator hoistway, on which guide rail and/or a guide rail bracket and/or a wall structure of the elevator hoistway the means (t) are arranged to directly rest. These structures can be simply arranged in a line in such a manner that the support point of the means (t) can be selected simply. More particularly, it is easy to select a support point when the means t are supported directly on a guide rail/on guide rails, such as on the guide rails of the elevator car and/or of a possible counterweight. Preferably the means (t) of zoned elevators that are one above another are arranged to directly rest on the same guide rails.
Preferably the aforementioned support structures comprise a hoisting machine, which is connected with the roping to the elevator car for moving the elevator car with the hoisting machine via the roping. A counterweight can be connected to the roping. In this way the support structures and the hoisting machine can be shifted in one operation. The structure can also be formed to be simple and compact and easily accessible.
Preferably the aforementioned support structures are between floor landing openings leading to consecutive floor landings, preferably above the top surface of the opening of the lower floor landing and below the sill of the opening of the upper floor landing. In this way an elevator car driven to the end together with the support structures occupies only a little vertical space. The arrangement can also be configured to be such that there are two zoned elevators one above the other such that the support structures determining the bottom limit of the range of movement of the upper zoned elevator and the support structures determining the top limit of the range of movement of the lower zoned elevator are support structures that are between floor landing openings leading to consecutive floor landings. In this way they can serve consecutive floors.
Preferably the hoisting machine of a zoned elevator is connected to the elevator car such that the elevator car is able to drive to the extreme position of its range of movement, in which it is at least partly alongside the hoisting machine, more particularly the traction sheave of it. In this way an elevator car driven to the end together with the support structures occupies only a little vertical space.
Preferably the motor moving the traction sheave of the hoisting machine of a zoned elevator is on the side of the vertical projection of the elevator car. In this way the elevator car can be driven to alongside the motor, and the elevator car together with its support structures occupies only a little vertical space.
Preferably the traction sheave of the hoisting machine of a zoned elevator is on the side of the vertical projection of the elevator car. In this way the elevator car can drive to alongside the traction sheave and the structure is compact in the vertical direction.
Preferably a zoned elevator comprises a counterweight, and the hoisting machine is disposed below or above the counterweight. Preferably the counterweight is shallower than the elevator car, in which case the total height of the counterweight and the hoisting machine is small and enables the driving of the elevator car to close to the end.
Preferably the hoisting machine of a zoned elevator is at least partly, preferably at least mainly, from its vertical dimension alongside the elevator car, more particularly alongside the interior of it, when the elevator car is at the point of the bottommost floor landing.
Preferably a zoned elevator comprises roping connected to the elevator car. Preferably the end(s) of the roping are connected to the elevator car to a clamp(s) on the side of the elevator car. In this way the elevator car can drive to alongside the traction sheave.
Preferably the elevator arrangement also comprises a control of the zoned elevator(s), which control determines with software the stopping floors of the zoned elevator(s), which control is reprogrammable such that the stopping floors can be programmed again.
Preferably the elevator arrangement comprises a machine room of a lobby elevator, which machine room is above the elevator hoistway of the lobby elevator, in which machine room is the hoisting machine, e.g. a motor and traction sheave, of the lobby elevator and also preferably the motor drive.
Preferably the hoisting machine of each aforementioned zoned elevator for moving the elevator car of the zoned elevator in question is in the elevator hoistway, in the same space as the elevator car.
In one embodiment the support structures at the top end of the range of movement comprise at least one of the following
In one embodiment the support structures at the bottom end of the range of movement comprise at least one of the following
Preferably the elevator arrangement comprises one or more elevators above and/or below the zoned elevator in question and in the same elevator hoistway as the zoned elevator to be changed, in the manner specified, in respect of its range of movement, which one or more elevators is preferably a zoned elevator belonging to the aforementioned zoned elevator plurality and also to be changed in respect of its range of movement. In this way the elevator arrangement forms an elevator arrangement with which a large number of floors can be served, and which can be flexibly re-adjusted.
In one embodiment the stopping floors of a lobby elevator comprise one or more lobby floors, which is the stopping floor of at least two zoned elevators, which at least two zoned elevators have different ranges of movement and/or stopping floors to each other. In this way a lobby elevator can feed passengers via the same lobby floor to two zoned elevators.
Preferably the aforementioned at least two zoned elevators comprise two zoned elevators having the aforementioned lobby floor as the only common stopping floor. In this way it is possible to limit with the zoned elevators the passage of passengers to certain floors so that passage is only successful with certain elevators.
Preferably the ranges of movement of the aforementioned two zoned elevators extend from the lobby floor in opposite directions.
Preferably the aforementioned zoned elevator plurality comprises one or more zoned elevators, which stop at all the floors in their ranges of movement, and a lobby elevator that stops only at some of the floors in its range of movement.
In one embodiment the stopping floor (lobby floor) of one lobby elevator is the entrance floor of the building. In this case the solution can replace a solution of a shuttle-type feeder elevator that stops very infrequently. The arrangement in this case produces for passengers fast access to destination with a low number of stops.
Preferably from the elevator hoistway of a lobby elevator an access opening is arranged to lead to a floor, which is not a stopping floor of the lobby elevator, which access opening is provided with a door and/or is covered with a removable cover for taking it into use later, more particularly when later the floor in question is changed into a stopping floor of the lobby elevator. Thus commissioning is fast and the overall configuration of the lobby elevator and zoned elevator can be arranged to be optimal.
Preferably the aforementioned plurality of zoned elevators comprises one or more zoned elevator groups, which zoned elevator group comprises at least two elevators, which have different ranges of movement and at least one common stopping floor, which is also a stopping floor of a lobby elevator.
Preferably the aforementioned plurality of zoned elevators comprises zoned elevators one above another.
Preferably the aforementioned plurality of zoned elevators zoned elevator cars are arranged to provide service in one or more elevator hoistways.
Preferably a lobby elevator and a zoned elevator travel in parallel elevator hoistways.
In one embodiment the roping connected to the elevator car comprises a first part of suspending roping, which is connected to the elevator car and to the counterweight, and supports them while supported by support structures above the elevator car, and additionally, separate to the first part and aforementioned upper support structures, a second part of hoisting roping and a hoisting machine in connection with support structures below the elevator car, which hoisting machine is in power transmission connection via the second part with the elevator car and the counterweight.
In the method for re-adjusting the elevator arrangement, which elevator arrangement is one of the types described earlier, a zoned elevator that is in use, which is in use to serve passengers and/or to transport freight, is removed from the aforementioned use, and after this the range of movement of the elevator car of the zoned elevator in question is changed to reach to a different height in the elevator hoistway by changing the vertical location in relation to the building of the top limit and/or the bottom limit of the range of movement of the elevator car of the zoned elevator in question, and after this the zoned elevator is taken back into the aforementioned use. In this way the elevator arrangement can be adapted after the actual commissioning to be optimal with regard to changing needs. With the procedures of the method the advantages specified in connection with the description of the structural features above can be achieved.
Preferably the vertical location of the top limit and/or the bottom limit of the range of movement of the elevator car of a zoned elevator is changed by displacing the means determining the location of the top limit/bottom limit of the range of movement in the vertical direction, which means are detachably supported in their position in the elevator hoistway.
Preferably in the method the aforementioned means, which are preferably the support structures of the zoned elevator in question, are detached from the mounting structures functioning as a support mounting, above and/or below which mounting structures are corresponding mounting structures, and the means are displaced in the vertical direction and the means are fixed again at a different height in the elevator hoistway to the aforementioned corresponding mounting structures above or below.
Preferably the elevator arrangement comprises a plurality of zoned elevators of the type mentioned, and in the method the range of movement of the elevator car of a number of zoned elevators is changed to reach to a different height in the elevator hoistway in the manner specified above.
Preferably the distance to be displaced is a floor-to-floor distance of the building or a multiple of a floor-to-floor distance.
Preferably the aforementioned zoned elevator has a corresponding zoned elevator at least above it or below it, the range of movement of which is changed in the manner specified above, in which case the lower of these has a range of movement to be changed at least from the location of the top limit, and the upper of these has a range of movement to be changed at least from the location of the bottom limit, and the location of the top limit of the range of movement of the lower zoned elevator and the location of the bottom limit of the range of movement of the upper zoned elevator are changed in the same direction. In this way the service of a floor can be shifted from one zoned elevator to another.
Preferably the zoned elevator in question comprises the aforementioned means at the top end and/or at the bottom end of its range of movement.
Preferably the elevator hoistway of a lobby elevator is essentially the height of the whole building.
Preferably the aforementioned zoned elevator plurality comprises zoned elevators one above another, which travel in the same elevator hoistway guided by the same guide rails, and the elevator hoistway in question is essentially the height of the whole building.
Preferably the aforementioned guide rails and/or guide rail brackets of a zoned elevator form the aforementioned mounting structures.
Preferably the elevator arrangement also comprises a lobby elevator, the range of movement of the elevator car of which differs from the ranges of movement of the aforementioned zoned elevators, and the stopping floors of which lobby elevator comprise a plurality of lobby floors, each of which is a stopping floor of one or more zoned elevators belonging to the aforementioned zoned elevator plurality, and that from the elevator hoistway of the lobby elevator an access opening is arranged to lead to one or more floors, which is not a stopping floor of the lobby elevator, which access opening is provided with a door and/or is covered with a removable cover (for taking it into use later, more particularly when later the floor in question is changed into a stopping floor of the lobby elevator), and in the method the aforementioned floor, which is not a stopping floor of the lobby elevator, is changed into a stopping floor of the lobby elevator and of a zoned elevator, in which case preferably the access opening between the elevator hoistway and the aforementioned floor landing that has been out of use is taken into use, in which case preferably
The elevator arrangement is most preferably an elevator arrangement applicable to the transporting of people and/or of freight, the elevators of which are installed in a building, to travel in a vertical, or at least essentially vertical, direction, preferably on the basis of landing calls and/or car calls. Each elevator car preferably has an interior space, which is most preferably suited to receive a passenger or many passengers and, in addition or alternatively, freight. The zoned elevators and the lobby elevators preferably each comprise at least two, preferably more, floor landings to be served. Some inventive embodiments are also presented in the descriptive section and in the drawings of the present application. The inventive content of the application can also be defined differently than in the claims presented below. The inventive content may also consist of several separate inventions, especially if the invention is considered in the light of expressions or implicit sub-tasks or from the point of view of advantages or categories of advantages achieved. In this case, some of the attributes contained in the claims below may be superfluous from the point of view of separate inventive concepts. The features of the various embodiments of the invention can be applied within the framework of the basic inventive concept in conjunction with other embodiments.
The invention will now be described mainly in connection with its preferred embodiments, with reference to the attached drawings, wherein:
b presents the elevator arrangement according to
a presents one second preferred embodiment of an elevator arrangement according to the invention.
b presents the elevator arrangement according to
a presents a cross-section of an elevator hoistway in a solution wherein a zoned elevator comprises an elevator car and a counterweight.
b presents a support structure above or below the elevator car of the zoned elevator according to
a presents an elevator arrangement according to the invention, which comprises a plurality of elevators Z, L in a building. The building can be e.g. a tower block. The elevator plurality comprises a plurality of zoned elevators Z in passenger service use, which zoned elevators Z each have a top limit and/or a bottom limit of the range of movement of the elevator car, the vertical location, in relation to the building, of which can be changed in the vertical direction (to be disposed higher or lower), and to above/below the top limit/bottom limit of which range of movement travel of the elevator car of the zoned elevator (Z,Z′) in question is prevented. The zoned elevators Z have different ranges of movement of the elevator car in the building to each other. In the figures, the range of movement of the elevator car of each elevator is marked with an arrow and a stopping floor is shaded. Travel to above the top limit and to below the bottom limit travel is preferably prevented in a manner presented elsewhere in this application, e.g. mechanically. For enabling convertibility the zoned elevators to be changed with respect to their ranges of movement comprise re-adjustable means determining the top limit and/or bottom limit for the provision of service by the elevator car of a zoned elevator. Owing to the convertibility, the layout of the final zoned elevators Z of a finished building can be changed after commissioning of the elevator arrangement after the zoned elevators have been in operation, for instance, for a number of years. The elevator arrangement also comprises a lobby elevator L in passenger service use, the range of movement of the elevator car of which differs from the service ranges of the aforementioned zoned elevators Z, and the stopping floors of which lobby elevator L comprise a plurality of lobby floors LF, each of which is a stopping floor of one or more zoned elevators Z belonging to the aforementioned zoned elevator plurality. The range of movement and the stopping floors of the lobby elevator L differ from the ranges of movement and the stopping floors of the aforementioned zoned elevators Z at least such that each zoned elevator Z has one or more stopping floors, which is not a stopping floor of the lobby elevator L. In the embodiment presented, the range of movement of a lobby elevator is also different in respect of the bottom and top limits, because the length of its range of movement is greater than the ranges of movement of the aforementioned zoned elevators Z. The aforementioned lobby floors LF comprise lobby floors LF (floors 8, 14 and 20), which are the topmost stopping floor of a zoned elevator Z belonging to the aforementioned zoned elevator plurality and lobby floors LF (floors 1, 8, 14 and 20), which are the bottommost stopping floor of a zoned elevator Z belonging to the aforementioned zoned elevator plurality. The stopping floors of the lobby elevator can be determined e.g. by the aid of the settings of the control or by suitably limiting the selection options of the call-giving pushbuttons. The aforementioned zoned elevators Z, or at least some of them, are preferably such that the elevator car of it stops at all the floors of its range of movement. The lobby elevator preferably stops at only some of the floors of its range of movement, more particularly at the aforementioned lobby floors LF.
The elevator arrangement presented comprises one or more elevators that are in the same elevator hoistway as a zoned elevator Z to be changed in respect of its range of movement and that are above and/or below the zoned elevator in question that is to be changed, which one or more elevators are also zoned elevators Z belonging to the aforementioned zoned elevator plurality and also to be changed in respect of their range of movement. In the embodiment presented all the zoned elevators Z presented can have their top limit and/or bottom limit of the range of movement of their elevator cars changed, but it is obvious that advantages would be obtained even if only some of the zoned elevators Z presented were to be changeable in this manner. In the solution presented the zoned elevators Z travel in two elevator hoistways that are beside each other, and the stopping floors of the lobby elevator L comprise, inter alia, lobby floors LF (floor 8, 14, 20), which is the stopping floor of two zoned elevators Z, which at least two zoned elevators have different stopping floors to each other, and in the embodiment presented also different ranges of movement. The common (preferably the only common) stopping floor of these two zoned elevators is the aforementioned lobby floor LF, and the ranges of movement of the aforementioned two zoned elevators extend from the lobby floor LF in opposite directions. The aforementioned plurality of zoned elevators Z comprises a number of this type of zoned elevator groups, of which each comprises at least two zoned elevators Z, which have different ranges of movement and at least one common stopping floor, which is also a stopping floor of the lobby elevator. The advantage of a common stopping floor is that in this way the number of stopping floors of the lobby elevator L can be kept low. The zoned elevators of the same zoned elevator group can, if necessary, be situated so that they have instead of one (as presented in
The layout of the zoned elevators Z′ presented in the figure enables a re-arrangement of the flows of people simply. With the solution the route along which the floors can be reached can also be changed. Thus, for example, it is possible to even out the load of consecutive zoned elevators Z when heavy loading of some zoned elevator is noticed. Likewise an increase or decrease in the service speed of some floors becomes possible. More particularly when traffic movements on the floors changes, the transport capacity to some floors can be increased quickly. Likewise it might be advantageous to reduce the transport capacity to some other floors. The arrangement thus enables better prioritization of the floors than before. Changes can be caused by, inter alia, the changing needs of companies operating in the building or of residential floors. For example a need might arise for an elevator that has been in the use of a company to serve some additional floor. For example, when a company expands upwards or downwards in the building, there can be a need to extend a zoned elevator Z to stop, in addition to the earlier floors, also at the point of the new office floors of the company. The layout also simply enables companies operating in the building or residential floors to differentiate themselves from each other so that there is access to certain floors only with a certain zoned elevator. In this way e.g. the access control and management of a company is efficient, because a zoned elevator can be designated to a company operating on certain floors or to residential floors, which zoned elevator gives access to these floors and which zoned elevator only stops at these floors and at which floors the only elevators that stop are those that can only be used via access from a lobby floor LF. The layout presented is advantageous when the zoned elevators can be changed in respect of their range of movement, although the layout would leave ample free space in the hoistway, because the elevator arrangement is flexible for later needs for change in which it is desired to fill the hoistway more efficiently or, for one reason or another, to change the ranges of movement.
The top limit of the range of movement of the elevator car of the zoned elevator of
a presents an elevator arrangement according to the invention, which comprises a plurality of elevators Z′, L′ in a building. With the arrangement the hoistway space of an elevator hoistway S comprising zoned elevators can be efficiently utilized. The arrangement operates in most respects as described in
The elevator arrangement presented comprises one or more elevators that are in the same elevator hoistway as each aforementioned zoned elevator Z′ to be changed in respect of its range of movement and that are above and/or below the zoned elevator in question that is to be changed, which one or more elevators are also zoned elevators belonging to the aforementioned zoned elevator plurality and also to be changed in respect of their range of movement. For achieving efficient filling of the elevator hoistway, the elevator arrangement comprises in the same hoistway, inter alia, two zoned elevators that are consecutive in the vertical direction, of which the bottommost stopping floor of the upper one is only one floor above the topmost stopping floor (=next floor) of the lower of the aforementioned two zoned elevators. The lobby elevator stops at least one stopping floor of both these zoned elevators. There are preferably a number of these types of zoned elevators consecutively, in which case space usage of the building is efficient.
The layout of the zoned elevators Z′ presented in the figure enables a re-arrangement of the flows of people simply. More particularly, with the solution the route along which the floors can be reached can be changed. Thus, for example, it is possible to even out the load of consecutive zoned elevators Z′ when heavy loading of some zoned elevator is noticed. Likewise an increase or decrease in the service speed of some floors becomes possible. The arrangement thus enables better prioritization of the floors than before. The layout also simply enables the differentiation of companies operating in the building and residential floors from each other such that there is access to certain floors only with a certain zoned elevator, while at the same time access to all floors is however possible with a zoned elevator moving in the same elevator hoistway. Thus, for example, the access control of a company is effective, because a zoned elevator can be designated to a company operating on certain floors or to residential floors, which zoned elevator gives access to these floors and which zoned elevator only stops at these floors and at which floors the only elevators that stop are those that can only be used via access from the lobby floor LF of the zoned elevator in question. The layout presented is advantageous when the zoned elevators must be changed in respect of their range of movement, the elevator arrangement is flexible for later needs for changes because of which it is desired, for one reason or another, to change the ranges of movement. For example, when a company expands upwards or downwards in the building, there can be a need to extend a zoned elevator Z to stop, in addition to the earlier floors, also at the point of the new office floors of the company. In the embodiment presented all the zoned elevators presented can have the top limit and/or bottom limit of the range of movement of their elevator cars changed, but it is obvious that advantages would be obtained even if only some of the zoned elevators presented were to be changeable in this manner.
b presents an elevator arrangement according to the invention, into which the elevator arrangement according to
It is obvious that the changes presented in
In the embodiments presented, the zoned elevators (Z,Z′) each have a top limit and a bottom limit of the range of movement of the elevator car, to above the top limit and to below the bottom limit of which range of movement travel of the elevator car of the zoned elevator (Z,Z′) in question is mechanically prevented by the action of the support structures (3,4). Each zoned elevator (Z,Z′) comprises vertically movable support structures (3,4) detachably supported in their position in the elevator hoistway, the vertical location of which in the elevator hoistway determines the location of the top limit/bottom limit of the range of movement of the elevator car of the zoned elevator in question. The aforementioned support structures (3,4) are detachably supported in their position in the elevator hoistway on mounting structures (GR) functioning as a support base, above and/or below which mounting structures are corresponding mounting structures (GR) such that the support structures (3,4) detachably supported in their position can be detached from their mounting structures (GR) and displaced in the vertical direction and fixed again at a different height in the elevator hoistway (S) to the aforementioned mounting structures (GR) above or below. In this way shifting the support structures is quick, and large structural modifications do not need to be made to the area of the new location. More particularly the aforementioned support structures (3,4) comprise means (t) with which the aforementioned support structures (3,4) are detachably supported in their position on mounting structures (GR). The mounting structures comprise structures of the elevator hoistway itself or structures (such as guide rails) in the elevator hoistway, and above and/or below the aforementioned mounting structures are corresponding mounting structures such that the support structures (3,4) detachably supported in their position can be detached by opening the means (t) and displaced and fixed again at a different height in the elevator hoistway to the aforementioned mounting structures above or below. Above and below the mounting structures (GR, guide rails in the figures), on which the support structures are supported with the means t, are corresponding supporting mounting structures such that the support structures (3,4) detachably supported in their position can be detached by opening the means t and displaced and fixed again at a different height in the elevator hoistway to the aforementioned mounting structures above or below. The aforementioned mounting structures comprise a guide rail (GR) of an elevator and/or a guide rail bracket, which in the figures is illustrated with a dashed line describing the line formed by the guide rails. The guide rails of an elevator are generally rigid structures, such as metal pieces, guided by which the elevator car travels by the aid of guide shoes g in connection with the elevator car, as presented in
A zoned elevator (Z,Z′) can comprise the aforementioned support structures at the top end and/or at the bottom end of the range of movement of its elevator car. In
In the solutions of
The aforementioned support structures 3,4 in the solutions of
The support structure 3 and/or 4 preferably comprises a walkway below the elevator car, which can thus form a servicing platform. This is particularly advantageous when the support structure in question comprises a hoisting machine M, because in this case servicing of the hoisting machine M can be performed while standing on the support structure.
The means t are openable/closable means, which can be shifted between an open position and a closed position. They form compression means, which in the closed position compress the mounting structures GR from two sides, and in the open position do not compress the mounting structures from two sides. In the embodiment according to
The stopping floors of the lobby elevator L, at which thus the elevator car CL of the lobby elevator is able to stop and the passengers are able to transfer to the floor landing of the lobby floor LF, is marked with arrows at the point of the aperture leading from the hoistway S to the landing. The stopping floors of the zoned elevator are marked correspondingly. The floors from which there is no passage from an elevator car of the lobby elevator L to a floor landing are marked with the reference number X. On these floors from the elevator hoistway S of the lobby elevator L an access opening is arranged to lead to a floor, which is not a stopping floor of the lobby elevator L, which access opening is provided with a locked door b and/or covered with a removable cover b′ for taking it into use later, more particularly when later the floor in question is changed into a stopping floor of the lobby elevator. Thus if it is desired to change the location of the common stopping floor of a zoned elevator Z,Z′ and the lobby elevator, it can be quickly implemented without radical modification work on the hoistway of the lobby elevator. In this case also passage from the floors at which the lobby elevator L does not stop to the hoistway S can be simply prevented. When a removable cover b′, e.g. a plate, is used, which is decorated according to the surrounding space, people visiting the floor do not think the passageway in question is available for gaining access to the elevator car. For example, if it were desired to change the range of movement of the upper zoned elevator Z,Z′ of
In the method according to the invention an elevator arrangement that has been in normal passenger traffic use is re-adjusted. The elevator arrangement comprises a plurality of elevators in a building, which plurality comprises a plurality of zoned elevators (Z,Z′) in passenger service use moving in an elevator hoistway, which have different ranges of movement of the elevator car in the building to each other with respect to the top limit and/or the bottom limit, and which zoned elevators (Z,Z′) each have a top limit and/or a bottom limit of the range of movement of the elevator car, to above the top limit and to below the bottom limit of which range of movement travel of the elevator car of the zoned elevator (Z,Z′) in question is prevented. The location, in relation to the building, of the top limit and/or bottom limit of the range of movement of the elevator car of each aforementioned zoned elevator (Z,Z′) can be changed in the vertical direction. In the method a zoned elevator Z,Z′ that is in use, which has a range of movement that can be changed with respect to the location of the top limit and/or bottom limit, and which is in use to serve passengers and/or to transport freight, is removed from the aforementioned use, after which the range of movement of the elevator car (Cz) of the zoned elevator in question is changed to reach to a different height in the elevator hoistway (S) by changing the vertical location in relation to the building of the top limit and/or the bottom limit of the range of movement of the elevator car (Cz) of the zoned elevator (Z,Z′) in question. After this the zoned elevator Z,Z′ in question is taken back into the aforementioned use. In this manner the ranges of movement of the plurality of zoned elevators Z,Z′ can be changed between the aforementioned removal from the aforementioned use and the taking into use. At the same time the stopping floors of the elevator car of the zoned elevator Z,Z′ in question is changed, by adding and/or removing stopping floors. This can be done with some method according to prior art, e.g. by reprogramming the zoned elevator control.
Each zoned elevator Z,Z′ of the method can be implemented in practice in one of the manners described in this application, such as in one of the manners presented in
Preferably in the method the vertical location of the top limit and/or the bottom limit of the range of movement of the elevator car (Cz) of each zoned elevator (Z,Z′) having its range of movement changed is changed by displacing in the vertical direction the means (3,4) determining the location of the top limit/bottom limit of the range of movement, which means (3,4) are detachably supported in their position in the elevator hoistway (S). Thus, for example, in the solution of
A zoned elevator, the range of movement of which is changed, can have a corresponding zoned elevator at least above or below it, the range of movement of which is changed in the manner specified above, in which case the lower of these has a range of movement to be changed at least from the location of the top limit, and the upper of these has a range of movement to be changed at least from the location of the bottom limit, and of these the top limit of the range of movement of the lower zoned elevator and the bottom limit of the upper zoned elevator are changed in the same direction.
In the solution of
Preferably in the method the aforementioned means (3,4), which are preferably support structures of the zoned elevator (Z,Z′) in question, are detached from the mounting structures (GR) functioning as a support mounting, above and/or below which mounting structures (GR) are corresponding mounting structures (GR), and the means (3,4) are displaced in the vertical direction and the means (3,4) are fixed again at a different height in the elevator hoistway (S) to the aforementioned corresponding mounting structures (GR) above or below. In
In the method the means (3 and/or 4) are displaced a certain distance in the vertical direction, which is preferably a floor-to-floor distance of the building or a multiple of a floor-to-floor distance, in which case the range of movement of the elevator car remains advantageous from the viewpoint of floor-to-floor distances. Preferably a zoned elevator Z,Z′ comprises the aforementioned means (3,4) at the top end and/or at the bottom end of its range of movement.
Preferably the elevator arrangement also comprises a lobby elevator (L,L′), the range of movement of the elevator car of which differs from the ranges of movement of the aforementioned zoned elevators (Z, Z′), and the stopping floors of which lobby elevator (L) comprise a plurality of lobby floors (LF), each of which is a stopping floor of one or more zoned elevators (Z,Z′) belonging to the aforementioned zoned elevator plurality, and that from the elevator hoistway (S) of the lobby elevator (L) an access opening is arranged to lead to one or more floors, which is not a stopping floor of the lobby elevator (L), which access opening is provided with a door b and/or covered with a removable cover b′ (for taking it into use later, more particularly when later the floor in question is changed into a stopping floor of the lobby elevator), and that in the method the aforementioned floor, which is not a stopping floor of the lobby elevator (L), is changed into a stopping floor of the lobby elevator (L) and of a zoned elevator (Z,Z′), in which case preferably
The new lobby floor can be a floor, to which a zoned elevator has, with the method described above, been brought to reach. Prefabricated openings leading to the levels of the elevator hoistway ensure rapid convertibility of a lobby elevator. In this way a lobby elevator and a zoned elevator can be quickly brought to have a new common stopping floor, i.e. a new lobby floor.
A zoned elevator Z,Z′ can comprise roping 2. The roping can be replaced in connection with changing a range of movement. The need to change a range of movement generally arises rarely (e.g. at intervals of a few years), so in connection with the re-adjustment method also the ropes can be replaced. This is also advantageous because the rope lengths can at the same time be configured to be suited from the viewpoint of the new range of movement. Configuring the rope lengths could alternatively be implemented such that rope is fed into the elevator system or removed from the elevator system according to need, depending on whether the range of movement will increase or decrease. This could be implemented by shifting rope between the rope storage and the elevator system, which rope travels via an openable rope clamp between the rope storage and the elevator system. The rope storage can be in the proximity of the rope clamp of the rope, e.g. in connection with the elevator car in
The elevators presented can be installed in a building. The building can be of essentially the height presented, in which case the elevator arrangement specified serves essentially the whole height of the building. In this case preferably the lobby floor of the lobby elevator is the entrance floor of the building. The building could, however, also be taller. The building can comprise other elevators also, e.g. there can be a so-called shuttle elevator or other elevator in the building, which for its part feeds passengers to a lobby elevator L, in which case the floor 1 of
Preferably the aforementioned support structures (3,4) are between floor landing openings leading to consecutive floor landings, preferably above the top surface of the opening of the lower opening and below the sill of the opening of the upper opening. In this way the elevator cars of immediately consecutive zoned elevators are able to drive close to each other. Preferably therefore the elevator arrangement according to
In the embodiment of
The elevator arrangement of
It is obvious to the person skilled in the art that in developing the technology the basic concept of the invention can be implemented in many different ways. The invention and the embodiments of it are not therefore limited to the examples described above, but instead they may be varied within the scope of the claims.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20125001 | Jan 2012 | FI | national |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | PCT/FI2012/051247 | Dec 2012 | US |
| Child | 14307135 | US |
