This application claims priority to European Patent Application No. 19382577.5, filed Jul. 5, 2019, and all the benefits accruing therefrom under 35 U.S.C. ยง 119, the contents of which in its entirety are herein incorporated by reference
This disclosure generally relates to the field of elevator maintenance, and more specifically, to maintaining a certain amount of overhead clearance above an elevator car within an elevator shaft. This is achieved through the use of a system to limit the downwards movement of a counterweight coupled to the elevator car.
It is known for an elevator system to comprise a safety device located on a roof of an elevator car and provide means for activating a blocking stop to limit downwards movement of a counterweight, therefore ensuring that a maintenance person is safely accommodated with sufficient overhead clearance above the roof of the elevator car. It is important to ensure that the blocking stop is always active whenever the safety device is deployed.
According to a first aspect of this disclosure, there is provided an elevator assembly, comprising: an elevator car arranged to move in an elevator shaft; a counterweight coupled to the elevator car and arranged to move upwards and downwards in the elevator shaft; a safety device located on a roof of the elevator car and moveable between a deployed position, in which it extends away from the roof of the elevator car, and an undeployed position in which it is stowed on the roof of the elevator car; a locking handle positioned within the elevator shaft, and connected to a first end of a tension member; a blocking stop, which is connected to a second end of the tension member, and which is moveable between an inactive state, in which the tension member holds the blocking stop in a position in which it does not limit downwards movement of the counterweight, and an active state, in which tension in the tension member is reduced to allow the blocking stop to move to a position in which it limits downwards movement of the counterweight; and a safety switch arranged such that, when the safety device is in the deployed position, the safety switch is triggered and thereby causes the locking handle to move so as to reduce tension in the tension member, thereby allowing the blocking stop to move into the active state.
In an elevator assembly as disclosed herein, a user is provided with reassurance that the tension member provides a physical connection between the locking handle and the blocking stop so that, when the safety device is deployed, the locking handle physically moves to activate the blocking stop. Furthermore, there is provided a visual indication of whether the locking handle is in a first position (corresponding to the inactive state of the blocking stop) or has moved to a second position (corresponding to the active state of the blocking stop).
It is desirable, for safety purposes, for the active state of the blocking stop to be a default state. This can be conveniently achieved using the locking handle to put the tension member under tension when holding the blocking stop in the inactive state, so that the blocking stop tends to return to the active state in the absence of this tension. Thus, in one or more examples of the present disclosure, the locking handle further comprises a locking member arranged to hold the locking handle in a first position that holds the tension member under tension so as to hold the blocking stop in the inactive state. The locking member may comprise a mechanical, electrical or electromechanical locking member. In some examples, the locking member (e.g. a pin) is arranged to be moved by an electromagnetic actuator.
In one or more examples of the present disclosure, the locking handle further comprises an electromagnetic actuator arranged to release the locking member when the safety switch is triggered, so that the locking handle can move to a second position to reduce tension in the tension member, thereby allowing the blocking stop to move into the active state. It will be understood that tension in the tension member pulls on the locking handle so that the locking handle moves from the first position towards a second position of reduced tension where the blocking stop is by default in the active state whenever the safety device is deployed.
It is envisaged that the locking handle may be moved manually or automatically. In order to return the blocking stop to the inactive state, e.g. at the end of a maintenance procedure, the locking handle moves in reverse to the first position, causing the tension member to pull the blocking stop into the inactive state. In some examples, this may be achieved when a maintenance person exits the elevator shaft and a reset signal is sent to the locking handle, for example from a main elevator controller. However this requires the locking handle to be connected to a suitable automatic control system. In other examples, it is preferable for the locking handle to be manually moved in reverse to the first position. The application of manual force provides tactile feedback as the tension member pulls the blocking stop into the inactive state. Furthermore, this requires manual intervention at the end of a maintenance procedure and avoids accidental reset of the locking handle. Upon reaching the first position, the locking member may be activated (e.g. by activating the electromagnetic actuator using another switch triggered by the locking handle) to hold the blocking stop in the inactive state.
The locking handle may move linearly or rotationally, with a suitable system arranged to convert movement of the locking handle into a movement of the first end of the tension member which adjusts tension in the tension member. This may be achieved by translating the first end of the tension member or changing a travel path of the first end of the tension member, for example by wrapping the first end of the tension member around a rotary member. In one or more examples of the present disclosure, the locking handle comprises a rotary member connected to the first end of a tension member and a handle member arranged to turn the rotary member and thereby adjust tension in the tension member. In such examples, the handle member can be turned to manually turn the locking handle from the second position back to first position. The handle member provides a visual indication and a tactile feedback about whether the locking handle is in the first position (corresponding to the inactive state of the blocking stop) or the second position (corresponding to the active state of the blocking stop). The locking handle is directly connected to the blocking stop via the tension member, and hence its position provides reassurance of the active/inactive state of the blocking stop. In these examples, preferably the rotary member is arranged to turn between a preset first position corresponding to the inactive state of the blocking stop and a preset second position corresponding to the active state of the blocking stop.
In one or more examples of the present disclosure, in addition or alternatively, there may be provided at least one visual indicator (other than the locking handle position) of the blocking stop being in the active or inactive state. The visual indicator may take the form of one or more of: a light, a display sign, a flag. The visual indicator is preferably arranged independently of the locking handle, so as to provide a secondary level of reassurance.
In one or more examples of the present disclosure, the visual indicator is a traffic light system comprising a first light indicating that the blocking stop is in the active state and a second light indicating that the blocking stop is in the inactive state. In one or more examples, the visual indicator is electrically activated. The visual indicator may be electrically connected to the locking handle and rely on the locking handle position to determine the active/inactive state of the blocking stop. However, in at least some examples, the visual indicator is electrically connected to the blocking stop such that the visual indicator can give a direct indication of the blocking stop state. The electrical connection between the blocking stop and the visual indicator may be direct, or indirect e.g. via an elevator controller. This approach provides two indications of the blocking stop state; firstly through the position of the locking handle, and secondly through the state of the visual indicator, which can additionally indicate the blocking stop state in the case of a failure in the tension member. The use of two indicators provides redundancy in the system, reducing the likelihood of a maintenance person entering the elevator shaft when it is unsafe to do so.
The movement of the blocking stop(s) between the active and inactive states can be a translational or rotational movement. In at least some examples, the blocking stop is arranged to rotate into the active state. This means that gravity can assist in moving the blocking stop into the active state.
As mentioned above, it is desirable for the elevator assembly to ensure that the blocking stop(s) tend to move into the active state as a default. This can be further assisted, according to at least some examples, by the elevator assembly comprising at least one resilient member connected to the blocking stop. In at least some examples, the at least one resilient member is arranged to be extended when the blocking stop is moved to the inactive state by the tension member. In at least some examples, the at least one resilient member is arranged to relax when the tension is reduced and helps the tension member to move the blocking stop to the active state.
In one or more examples of the present disclosure, the elevator assembly comprises a first blocking stop connected to a first tension member and a second blocking stop connected to a second tension member, wherein the first and second tension members are connected to the locking handle. In such examples, the first and second blocking stops may be electrically connected in series to a visual indicator, such as the one disclosed above. This means that, if either of the first and second blocking stops is not in the active state, the visual indicator indicates the inactive state even if the locking handle has moved to indicate the active state for both.
It will be appreciated that various arrangements of blocking stops for a counterweight have been proposed in the prior art and may find use in an elevator assembly as disclosed herein. The blocking stop(s) may be mounted in any suitable way in the elevator shaft, for example mounted to a wall or other structure in the elevator shaft. In at least some examples, the blocking stop is mounted on a counterweight guide rail. The elevator assembly may further comprise at least one counterweight guide rail, and preferably a pair of counterweight guide rails, arranged to guide the upwards and downwards movement of the counterweight. It is convenient for the blocking stop(s) to be mounted to the counterweight guide rail(s). The tension member(s) may conveniently run alongside the counterweight guide rail(s).
There is further disclosed an elevator system comprising an elevator assembly as described herein.
Certain exemplary embodiments of this disclosure will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
A blocking stop 81 is located in the pit of the elevator shaft 86, and is arranged to move, responsive to the safety device 88 being deployed, between a retracted position and a deployed position, in which it limits the movement of the counterweight 84 in a downward direction. In this way, movement of the elevator car 82 in an upward direction can be limited, allowing a maintenance person 85 to safely enter the elevator shaft 86 and work from the roof of the elevator car 82. The position of the blocking stop 81 can additionally be indicated by a visual indicator 83.
The elevator assembly 1 further includes a locking handle 10 positioned within the elevator shaft 6. The locking handle 10 may be mounted on a wall of the elevator shaft 6 at such a position that it can be reached by a service technician 22 from the uppermost landing 20 when the elevator car 2 has been stopped for a maintenance procedure. The locking handle 10 includes a locking member 10a and handle member 10b.
When the elevator car 2 has been stopped for a maintenance procedure, it is desirable to prevent any upwards movement of the elevator car 2 by blocking downwards movement of the counterweight 4. This is achieved by activating one or more blocking stops 14, for example a blocking stop 14 seen in
The locking handle 10 is coupled to the blocking stop 14 by a tension member 12, for example via a pulley 26 or other equivalent system for guiding the tension member 12. The tension member 12 may be a cable in some examples. As is more clearly seen in
With reference to
In this example, the locking handle 10 moves in a rotary fashion. When the locking member 10a is released, the rotary member 10c is free to turn clockwise from a first (vertical) position (seen in
Returning to
In this example, the counterweight 4 and the blocking stop 14 are located on a counterweight guide rail 16 located in the elevator shaft 6. However, in practice, the blocking stop 14 could instead be mounted on a wall 7 of the elevator shaft 6 or in any other suitable configuration close to the operational range of movement of the counterweight 4.
The elevator assembly 1 shown in
During normal operation of the elevator car 2, the safety device 8 is stowed on the roof 9 of the elevator car in an undeployed position (seen in phantom in
In certain situations, such as in the event that a maintenance procedure must be carried out, it is necessary to maintain a safe operating area above the elevator car 2 within the elevator shaft 6 to allow sufficient space for, e.g. a service technician 22 to have access to the roof 9 of the elevator car 2. In such situations, the safety device 8 is manually moved into the deployed position by, e.g. a service technician 22. In some examples, the safety device 8 is accessible from the landing 20 such that it can be moved into the deployed position without entry into the elevator shaft 6.
The elevator assembly 1 includes a safety switch 11 (such as a position switch) which is triggered when the safety device 8 is moved into the deployed position, causing the locking member 10a of the locking handle 10 to release, and allowing the locking handle 10 to move into the second position in which the tension in the tension member 12 is reduced, allowing the blocking stop 14 to move into an active state in which it limits the downwards motion of the counterweight 4. This movement of the locking handle 10 provides a first visual indication of whether or not the blocking stop 14 is active, which can be confirmed from the state of the visual indicator 18, from which it can be determined whether it is safe for a service technician 22 to enter the elevator shaft 6.
When a service technician 22 has finished a maintenance operation, he/she may leave the elevator shaft 6 and stow away the safety device 8. The locking handle 10 can then be manually operated from the landing 20. Moving the locking handle 10 in a reverse direction pulls the blocking stop 14 into an inactive position via the tension member 12, and allows the elevator car 2 and the counterweight 4 to return to a normal range of operation. As discussed above, the locking member 10a is activated to hold the blocking stop 14 in the inactive state via the tension member 12.
In this example, the elevator assembly 1 further includes a visual indicator 18, mounted on the roof 9 of the elevator car 2, which shows whether the blocking stop 14 is in the active state or inactive state, and hence provides further indication of whether it is safe for a service technician 22 to enter the elevator shaft 6. The visual indicator 18 is, for example, a traffic light system with two lights, e.g. a green light illuminated when the blocking stop 14 is in the active state and a red light illuminated when the blocking stop 14 is in the inactive state.
As shown schematically in
Furthermore, the visual indicator 18 is designed to confirm to the service technician 22 that it is safe to enter the elevator shaft 6, in which case the visual indicator 18 may display a green light, shown in block 75. Alternatively, a red light is displayed, as shown in block 76, indicating that it is potentially unsafe to enter the elevator shaft 6. In order to detect that the blocking stops 214a, 214b have correctly moved into the active state, the two blocking stops 214a, 214b move into contact with switches 34 and 36 respectively. The switches 34 and 36 are connected to the green light in series, such that if either of the switches 34, 36 is not triggered, i.e. in the event that one of the blocking stops 214a, 214b has not moved into the active state, the green light is not illuminated, and instead the red light is illuminated. Of course, any other colours or types of indicator may be implemented in the visual indicator 18.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the disclosure has been illustrated by describing one or more specific examples thereof, but is not limited to these examples; many variations and modifications are possible, within the scope of the accompanying claims.
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19382577 | Jul 2019 | EP | regional |
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European Search Report for application EP 19382577.5, dated Jan. 8, 2020, 85 pages. |
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20210002101 A1 | Jan 2021 | US |