Patent Application
20100061076
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates generally to an elevator interior illumination assembly for adjustably illuminating the interior of an elevator passenger compartment.
2. Description of the Related Art Including Information Disclosed Under 37 CFR 1.97 and 1.98
It is known for polarizing filters to be used to control the amount of light emitted from a light source. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 5,161,879 issued 10 Nov. 1992 to McDermott, discloses a handheld flashlight having stationary and rotatable polarizing filters coaxially supported in and oriented across the paths of light beams emittable from an array of LEDs and/or an incandescent bulb carried by a lamp module of a cartridge assembly of the flashlight such that, when the LEDs and/or bulb are energized, their emitted light must pass through both filters before exiting the flashlight case. The stationary filter is fixed relative to a flashlight case. The flashlight case houses the cartridge assembly and supports the cartridge assembly for rotation within the case. The rotatable filter caps the lamp module such that rotation of the cartridge assembly with its lamp module within the flashlight case causes rotation of the rotatable filter relative to the stationary filter between conditions of parallel polarization (high projected light intensity) and cross-polarization (low projected light intensity). The luminous intensity of a light beam emitted from the lamp of the flashlight is adjustable by rotating the rotatable polarizing filter relative to the stationary polarizing filter. However, the McDermott flashlight isn't adapted for mounting above a ceiling panel of an elevator and, even if it were, it would not allow an operator to rotate the polarizing filters relative to one another without also rotating the lamp module relative to the flashlight case.
It would be desirable for an elevator interior illumination assembly to employ high-power LEDs as an illumination source, to allow for the mounting of a lamp housing of the assembly above a ceiling panel of an elevator while also allowing for easy LED removal from the case or housing from within a passenger compartment of the elevator and without having to gain access to the assembly from above the ceiling via an access door on top of the elevator.
An elevator interior illumination assembly is provided for adjustably illuminating the interior of an elevator passenger compartment. The assembly may include a lamp housing configured to be mounted in an elevator and having an opening at one end of the housing a lamp supported within the lamp housing in a position to emit light from the housing through the opening into a passenger compartment of an elevator when the lamp is energized. Unlike the prior art of record, the lamp includes at least one light-emitting diode (LED) configured to be removable from the assembly from within the passenger compartment of an elevator in which the assembly is installed. Therefore, an elevator interior illumination assembly constructed according to the invention is better able to allow for mounting above a ceiling panel of an elevator while also allowing for easy LED removal from within a passenger compartment of the elevator without having to gain access to the assembly from above the ceiling via an access door on top of the elevator.
Alternatively, the lamp housing may be configured to be mounted in an elevator plenum in a position to direct light downward through a hole in an elevator ceiling panel, and the LED may be removably supported in the housing to allow for removal from below.
Alternatively, the LED may be carried by an LED module that is removably received by the lamp housing.
Alternatively, the LED module may include a metal heat sink that carries the LED such that the LED is in thermally conductive communication with the heat sink.
Alternatively, the lamp housing may be configured to removably receive the LED module and to removably receive the LED module and to support the LED module in a position to direct light emitted from the LED downward into a passenger cab of the elevator.
Alternatively, threads may be formed in an inner cylindrical wall of the lamp housing to receive threads formed in an outer circumferential surface of the heat sink in threaded engagement.
Alternatively, the LED module may include two LED module removal detent surfaces positioned to be engaged by respective wrench detent surfaces of a spanner wrench configured to apply torque to and rotate the LED module relative to the lamp housing. The LED module may also include two LED module installation detent surfaces positioned to be engaged by respective wrench detent surfaces of a spanner wrench configured to apply torque to and rotate the LED module relative to the lamp housing.
Alternatively, the LED module may carry at least one magnifying lens disposed between the LED and the passenger cab to maximize the amount of light directed from the LED module into the elevator cab and to emit sufficient light to meet elevator code interior illumination requirements using less electrical power.
Alternatively, the or each magnifying lens may have the general shape of a frusto-conical prism having a circular lower surface disposed axially opposite a circular upper apex.
Alternatively, the or each magnifying lens may include an LED receiver recess at its apex, the LED receiver recess being shaped and positioned to receive an LED in a desired position relative to the lens.
Alternatively, the LED receiver recess of the magnifying lens may include a convex base surface shaped to further disburse and magnify the light emitted by the LED through the lens.
Alternatively, the assembly may include an LED dimmer configured to be accessible from within the passenger compartment to adjust the amount of light emitted by the LED into a passenger compartment of an elevator in which the assembly is installed.
Alternatively, the LED dimmer may comprise two polarizing filters carried by the lamp housing below the lamp. The filters may be coaxially supported for relative rotation between conditions of parallel polarization and cross-polarization such that, when the lamp is energized, its emitted light passes through both filters allowing the intensity of emitted light to be controlled by relative rotation of the polarizing filters and allowing an operator to rotate the polarizing filters relative to one another without also rotating the lamps relative to a fixed case or lamp housing.
Alternatively, an upper filter of the two polarizing filters is securable against rotation relative to the lamp housing and a lower filter of the two polarizing filters is free to rotate relative to the lamp housing to allow an operator to rotate the lower filter relative to the upper filter from a position within the passenger compartment of an elevator in which the assembly is installed.
Alternatively, the assembly may include a polarizing filter module comprising a retainer ring that supports the upper filter against rotation relative to the retainer ring, that supports the lower filter for rotation relative to the retainer ring and that's configured to be removably installed in the lamp housing. The retainer ring may include exterior circumferential threads engageable with corresponding interior circumferential threads formed in the lamp housing.
Alternatively, the polarizing filter module may include at least two filter module removal detent surfaces positioned to be engaged by respective wrench detent surfaces of a spanner wrench configured to apply torque to and rotate the polarizing filter module relative to the lamp housing. The lower filter lens may include lower lens apertures axially alignable with the filter module removal detent surfaces in the upper filter lens, which may be configured to allow prongs of a spanner wrench to extend through the lower lens apertures of the lower filter lens and engage the filter module removal detent surfaces of the upper filter lens.
Alternatively, the polarizing filter module may include at least two filter module installation detent surfaces positioned to be engaged by respective wrench detent surfaces of a spanner wrench that is configured to apply torque to and rotate the filter module relative to the lamp housing. The lower filter lens may include lower lens apertures axially alignable with the filter module installation detent surfaces in the upper filter lens, which may be configured to allow prongs of a spanner wrench to extend through the lower lens apertures of the lower filter lens and engage the installation detent surfaces of the upper filter lens.
Alternatively, the assembly may include a retainer clamp configured to lock the lamp housing to an elevator ceiling panel to prevent the assembly from breaking loose and falling from an elevator ceiling under sudden decelerations experienced during a drop test or actual elevator malfunction.
Alternatively, the assembly may include a power supply connected to the LED and configured to condition electrical power provided by an elevator power distribution system to illuminate the LED. The dimmer of the assembly may include current jumpers that are selectably connectable between the power supply and the LED to regulate light output from the LED.
Alternatively, the assembly may include at least two LEDs and may be powerable by an emergency illumination system that includes an emergency light power supply. The emergency power supply may include an inverter connected to the LEDs and a battery connected to the inverter and configured to energize the inverter to provide sufficient voltage to power at least the two LEDs in the event of a main power supply failure to power at least two LEDs in one interior illumination assembly for at least 4 hours.
Also, a method is provided for equalizing emitted light levels between interior illumination assemblies that use LEDs to produce light. According to this method, one can equalize emitted light levels between interior illumination assemblies by providing an elevator with at least two interior illumination assemblies that each comprise at least one LED, and at least one assembly of which comprises an LED dimmer configured to be accessible from within the passenger compartment to adjust the amount of light emitted by the assembly into a passenger compartment of an elevator in which the assembly is installed, entering the passenger compartment of the elevator, gaining access to the LED dimmer from within the passenger compartment, and adjusting the light emission level of one of the interior illumination assemblies to generally match that of another of the interior illumination assemblies by adjusting the LED dimmer. This allows the emitted light levels of different assemblies to be adjusted to compensate for changes in relative interior illumination assembly brightness caused by aging of LEDs and/or replacement of certain LEDs of the interior illumination assemblies with newer, brighter LEDs.
Alternatively, the step of providing an elevator with at least two interior illumination assemblies may include providing at least one assembly comprising an LED dimmer having two polarizing filters carried by the lamp housing below the lamp and coaxially supported for relative rotation between conditions of parallel polarization and cross-polarization, an upper filter of the two polarizing filters being fixed against rotation relative to the lamp housing, and a lower filter of the two polarizing filters being supported for rotation relative to the upper filter; and the step of adjusting the LED dimmer may include rotating the lower filter of the two polarizing filters relative to the upper filter.
Alternatively, the step of adjusting the LED dimmer may include rotating the lower filter of the two polarizing filters of an LED dimmer of a relatively brighter interior illumination assembly in a direction diminishing light transmission through the filters.
Alternatively, the step of adjusting the LED dimmer may include rotating the lower filter of the two polarizing filters of an LED dimmer of a relatively darker interior illumination assembly in a direction increasing light transmission through the filters.
Alternatively, the step of gaining access to the LED dimmer may include applying a suction cup to the lower filter, and the step of rotating the lower filter may include rotating the suction cup.
These and other features and advantages will become apparent to those skilled in the art in connection with the following detailed description and drawings of one or more embodiments of the invention, in which:
An elevator interior illumination assembly for adjustably illuminating the interior of a passenger compartment or cab 12 of an elevator 14 is shown at 10 in
A lamp 28 may be supported within the lamp housing 16 in a position to emit light from the housing 16 through the housing opening 18 into a passenger compartment 12 of an elevator 14 when the lamp 28 is energized. The LED module 32 may include three high-powered light-emitting diodes (LEDs) 30 of the type having the specifications: 1001 m, 3 watt, 2800-3050K (warm white)@3.5V and that may be purchased from Edison Opto Corporation of Taiwan, but in other embodiments may include any suitable type and number of LEDs. The assembly 10 is configured to allow for LEDs 30 to be removed from the assembly 10 from within the passenger compartment 12 of an elevator 14 in which the assembly 10 is installed and without having to remove the lamp housing 16. In other words, a person can gain access to and remove the LEDs 30 from the assembly 10 from a position standing in the passenger compartment 12 of the elevator 14. There is no need for a person to climb onto the top of the elevator 14 and gain access to the assembly 10 through an upper access panel or trap door.
The LEDs 30 may be carried by a generally disk or puck-shaped LED module 32 that is removably received by the lamp housing 16. The LED module 32 and lamp housing 16 are sized for mounting in a low-clearance elevator plenum 20. The LED module 32 includes a generally cylindrical die-cast metal heat sink 34 that may carry the LEDs 30 in a triangular array on a lower axially-recessed circular upper wall 36 of a lower cylindrical recess 38 of the heat sink 34 such that the LEDs 30 are in thermally conductive communication with the heat sink 34 and such that their light emissions are directed downward through the housing opening 18 when the LED module 32 is received in the lamp housing 16. In other words, the lamp housing 16 removably receives the LED module 32 and supports the LED module 32 in a position to direct light emitted from the LEDs 30 downward into a passenger cab of the elevator 14.
Threads 40 may be cast into an inner cylindrical wall 42 of the lamp housing 16 to receive, in threaded engagement, threads 44 that may be cast in an outer circumferential surface 46 of the heat sink 34. Two cast-in standoffs or posts 48 extend integrally and axially downward from a circular upper wall 50 of the lamp housing 16 to limit to a desired depth the threaded advance of the LED module 32 into the lamp housing 16 during assembly and to lock the LED module 32 against rotating or even falling out of the lamp housing 16 during sudden decelerations of the type that occur during an elevator drop test or an actual elevator malfunction.
As is best shown in
The LED module 32 may also include two LED module installation detent surfaces 64 disposed in the same small apertures 54 where, as is again best shown in
The LED module 32 may also carry three magnifying lenses 68 supported in a triangular array and in axial alignment with the respective LEDs 30 and disposed between the three respective LEDs 30 and the passenger cab. The three magnifying lenses 68 may be so positioned to maximize the amount of light directed from the three LEDs 30 into the elevator cab. The lenses 68 may be carried in respective circular apertures 70 formed in a circular disk-shaped aluminum LED lens plate 72 that may be supported across a lower opening 74 of the lower cylindrical recess 38 of the heat sink 34. In other words, an outer circumferential rim 76 of the LED lens plate 72 may be secured to a circular heat sink rim 78 that defines the lower opening 74 of the lower cylindrical recess 38 of the heat sink 34.
Each magnifying lens 68 may have the general shape of a frusto-conical prism having a circular lower surface 80 that may be disposed axially opposite a circular upper apex 82. Each magnifying lens 68 may also include an annular rim 84 that extends radially and integrally outward from around the lens 68 adjacent the lower surface 80 and includes a circumferential land 86 shaped and sized to engage a portion of the LED lens plate 72 surrounding one of the circular apertures 70 formed in the LED lens plate 72.
As is best shown in
The assembly 10 may further include an LED dimmer 92 that is accessible from within the passenger compartment 12 to adjust the amount of light emitted by the LEDs 30 into a passenger compartment 12 of an elevator 14 in which the assembly 10 is installed. The LED dimmer 92 may comprise two polarizing filters 94, 96 carried by the lamp housing 16 below the lamp 28 and coaxially supported for relative rotation between conditions of parallel polarization (high projected light intensity) and cross-polarization (low projected light intensity). An upper filter 94 or the two polarizing filters may be secured against rotation relative to the lamp housing 16 and a lower filter 96 of the two filters may be free to rotate relative to the lamp housing 16. The filters 94, 96 may be oriented across a paths of light emitted from the LEDs 30 such that, when the LEDs 30 are energized, their emitted light passes through both filters 94, 96 allowing the intensity of emitted light to be controlled by relative rotation of the polarizing filters 94, 96.
The assembly 10 may include a polarizing filter module 98 which may comprise a two-part retainer ring 100 having an upper part 101 that supports the upper filter 94 of the polarizing filters 94, 96 against rotation relative to the retainer ring 100, and a lower part 103 that supports the lower filter 96 of the polarizing filters for rotation relative to the retainer ring 100 and the upper filter 94. As best shown in
The polarizing filter module 98 may include two filter module removal detent surfaces 106 disposed in respective filter module engagement apertures 108 positioned to be engaged by the respective wrench first detent surfaces 58 disposed on respective wrench prongs 60 of the spanner wrench 62, which are shaped to allow an installer to apply counter-clockwise torque to and rotate the polarizing filter module 98 counter-clockwise relative to the lamp housing 16. The lower filter 96 may include lower lens apertures 110 axially alignable with the respective filter module engagement apertures 108 in which are disposed the filter module removal detent surfaces 106 in the upper filter 94, and which are shaped to allow prongs 60 of a spanner wrench 62 to extend through the lower lens apertures 110 of the lower filter 96 and engage the filter module removal detent surfaces 106 of the upper filter 94. This allows an installer to apply counter-clockwise torque to the filter module 98 to unthread and remove the filter module 98 from the lamp housing 16.
The polarizing filter module 98 may also include two filter module installation detent surfaces 112 disposed in the respective filter module engagement apertures 108. The filter module installation detent surfaces 112 may be positioned to be engaged by respective wrench second detent surfaces 66 disposed on the respective wrench prongs 60 of the spanner wrench 62 to allow an installer to apply clockwise torque to the filter module 98 to install the filter module 98 by rotating it clockwise relative to the lamp housing 16 and threading the module into the lamp housing 16. The lower lens apertures 110 may be axially aligned with the respective filter module engagement apertures 108 in which are disposed the filter module installation detent surfaces 112 in the upper filter 94 and may be shaped to allow the prongs 60 of the spanner wrench 62 to extend through the lower lens apertures 110 of the lower filter 96 and engage the installation detent surfaces of the upper filter 94 so that an installer can apply clockwise torque to the filter module 98 to install the filter module in the lamp housing 16. The upper lens apertures and lower lens apertures 110 may be spaced from each other and shaped generally the same as the LED module engagement apertures 54 so that the same wrench 62 may be shaped to both install and uninstall both the filter module 98 and the LED module 32.
A single elevator application may include a plurality of interior illumination assemblies 10, each including an LED dimmer 92. As shown in
An elevator 14 in which interior illumination assemblies 10 are installed may also include an emergency illumination system 122. An emergency light power supply 124 for the emergency illumination system 122 may include a 12VDC battery power source comprising two 6VDC batteries 126 connected in series. The 12VDC battery power source 126 may be connected to and energize an inverter 128 that is, in turn, connected to and provides 120VAC to the LEDs 30 in the event of a failure of the main power supply 114, to power at least two of the three LEDs 30 in one interior illumination assembly 10 for at least 4 hours in the event of a main electrical power supply 114 failure. In other words, one of the drivers powering one of the interior illumination assemblies 10, instead of being connected directly to the main external electrical power source 116, is normally connected to the main external electrical power source 116 through the emergency illumination system 122. Any of the interior illumination assemblies 10 may be powered through the emergency illumination system 122 in this way or may, alternatively, be connected directly to the external electrical power source 116 by, for example, jumper wires. The emergency illumination system 122 may also include a charger 130 connectable between the external electrical power source 116 and the batteries 126 to charge the batteries when external electrical power is available. A relay 132 is connected between the external electrical power source 116 and the charger 130, between the external electrical power source 116 and each of the drivers 120 connected to the interior illumination assemblies 10, between the charger 130 and the batteries 126, and between the inverter 128 and the driver 134 that's connected to the interior illumination assembly that's to be powered by the emergency illumination system 122 in the event of an external power source failure. When the external electrical power source 116 is applying 120VAC to the relay 132, the relay 132 closes a circuit that allows electrical current to flow from the external electrical power source 116 to the drivers 120, and closes a circuit that allows electrical current to flow from the charger 130 to the batteries 126, but does not close an electrical circuit that would allow electrical power to be applied to the inverter 128. When the external electrical power source 116 fails, and is not applying 120VAC to the relay 132, the relay is energized by 12VDC applied by the batteries 126, opens the circuit that would otherwise allow electrical current to flow from the external electrical power source to the drivers 120, closes a circuit that allows 12VDC electrical current to flow from the batteries 126 to the inverter 128 and 120VAC to flow from the inverter 128 to the driver 134 that's connected to the interior illumination assembly intended to be powered by the emergency illumination system 122, and closes a circuit that allows 12VDC to flow from the batteries 126 to an electrically-driven emergency bell 138.
In practice, emitted light levels may be equalized between interior illumination assemblies that use LEDs 30 to produce light in an elevator passenger compartment 12, by first providing an elevator 14 with a plurality of the interior illumination assemblies, each of which may comprise an LED dimmer 92 configured to be accessible from within the passenger compartment 12 to adjust the amount of light emitted by the assembly 10 into a passenger compartment 12 of an elevator 14 in which the assembly 10 is installed. A person then enters the passenger compartment 12 of the elevator 14 and reaches up to gain access to the LED dimmers of the assemblies from within the passenger compartment 12. The person may then adjust the light emission levels of the interior illumination assemblies by adjusting their respective LED dimmers, one at a time, to generally match that of a selected one of the interior illumination assemblies that is producing a desired light level. Where the dimmer 92 includes relatively rotatable polarizing filters 94, 96 as described above, the person may accomplish this by rotating one of the polarizing filters 94, 96 of relatively brighter interior illumination assemblies in a direction diminishing light transmission through the filters, and/or rotating one of the polarizing filters 94, 96 of a relatively darker interior illumination assembly 10 in a direction increasing light transmission through the filters.
Where the upper filter 94 of the relatively rotatable filters is fixed relative to the lamp housing 16, the LED dimmer 92 may be adjusted by rotating the lower filter 96 of the two polarizing filters 94, 96 relative to the upper filter 94. To gain access to the lower filter 96 of the two polarizing filters 94, 96 of the LED dimmer 92 an operator may apply a suction cup 140 to the lower filter 96 such that a longitudinal axis of the suction cup 140 is generally aligned with a rotational axis of the lower filter 96, and rotate the lower filter by rotating the suction cup. The suction cup 140 may be supported on a stick 142 which may then be used to extend the reach of the operator. The suction cup 140 may be rotated by rotating the stick 142 supporting the cup.
The LED lamps of an elevator light interior illumination assembly 10 constructed according to the invention are harder to steal than the incandescent lamps of current designs because a special tool must be used to remove an LED module 32 of such an assembly 10. In addition, the superior longevity of LED lamps dramatically reduces the frequency of lamp replacement over incandescent lamp use—especially in light of the fact that elevator lights generally burn continuously. Also, since LED lamps are less likely to fail, passenger safety is enhanced. The magnifying lenses 68 of an elevator light interior illumination assembly 10 constructed according to the invention provide more light with less energy and fulfill elevator code requirements for protecting passengers from bulb breakage. A single interior illumination assembly 10 constructed according to the invention and including at least two LEDs has the additional advantage of meeting elevator code requirements for emergency lighting. This is because the emergency light power supply 124 that may be included in an assembly allows the assembly to surpass the elevator code requirement (set forth in ASME A17.1-2004 section 2.14.7.1.3) to power at least two bulbs of equal wattage for at least 4 hours. Further regarding the emergency illumination system 122, the use of LEDs allows for the use of an emergency power supply of reduced size and weight, which are important factor in elevators due to the limited size of elevator plenums and the limited power output of elevator motors/hydraulic pumps. The use of LEDs also allows for reduced interior illumination assembly size and weight due to the relatively lower power demand of LEDs and consequent reduction in size and weight of batteries 126 required for emergency operation.
This description, rather than describing limitations of an invention, only illustrates embodiments of the invention that's recited in the claims. The language of this description is therefore exclusively descriptive and is non-limiting.
Obviously, it's possible to modify this invention from what the description teaches. Within the scope of the claims, one may practice the invention other than as described above.
