The subject matter disclosed herein generally relates to elevator systems and, more particularly, to elevator sensor system calibration.
An elevator system can include various sensors to detect the current state of system components and fault conditions. To perform certain types of fault or degradation detection, precise sensor system calibration may be needed. Sensor systems as manufactured and installed can have some degree of variation. Sensor system responses can vary compared to an ideal system due to these sensor system differences and installation differences, such as elevator component characteristic variations in weight, structural features, and other installation effects.
According to some embodiments, a method of elevator sensor system calibration is provided. The method includes collecting, by a computing system, a plurality of data from one or more sensors of an elevator sensor system while a calibration device applies a known excitation. The computing system compares an actual response to an expected response to the known excitation using a trained model. The computing system performs analytics model calibration to calibrate the trained model based on one or more response changes between the actual response and the expected response.
In addition to one or more of the features described above or below, or as an alternative, further embodiments may include where the trained model is trained by applying the known excitation to a different instance of the elevator sensor system to produce the expected response.
In addition to one or more of the features described above or below, or as an alternative, further embodiments may include where performing analytics model calibration includes applying transfer learning to determine a transfer function based on the one or more response changes across a range of data points produced by the known excitation.
In addition to one or more of the features described above or below, or as an alternative, further embodiments may include where a baseline designation of the trained model is shifted according to the transfer function.
In addition to one or more of the features described above or below, or as an alternative, further embodiments may include where transfer learning shifts at least one fault detection boundary of the trained model.
In addition to one or more of the features described above or below, or as an alternative, further embodiments may include where transfer learning shifts at least one trained regression model.
In addition to one or more of the features described above or below, or as an alternative, further embodiments may include where transfer learning shifts at least one trained fault detection model, and a fault designation includes one or more of: a roller fault, a track fault, a sill fault, a door lock fault, a belt tension fault, a car door fault, and a hall door fault.
In addition to one or more of the features described above or below, or as an alternative, further embodiments may include where one or more variations of the known excitation applied by the calibration device at one or more predetermined locations on an elevator system are collected.
In addition to one or more of the features described above or below, or as an alternative, further embodiments may include where the known excitation includes a predetermined sequence of one or more vibration frequencies applied at one or more predetermined amplitudes.
In addition to one or more of the features described above or below, or as an alternative, further embodiments may include where the data is collected at two or more different landings of an elevator system.
According to some embodiments, an elevator sensor system is provided that includes one or more sensors operable to monitor an elevator system. A computing system of the elevator sensor system includes a memory and a processor that collects a plurality of data from the one or more sensors while a calibration device applies a known excitation, compares an actual response to an expected response to the known excitation using a trained model, and performs analytics model calibration to calibrate the trained model based on one or more response changes between the actual response and the expected response.
Technical effects of embodiments of the present disclosure include elevator sensor system calibration using injection of a known excitation and transfer learning to calibrate a trained model based on response changes between an actual response and an expected response to the known excitation to improve fault detection accuracy.
The foregoing features and elements may be combined in various combinations without exclusivity, unless expressly indicated otherwise. These features and elements as well as the operation thereof will become more apparent in light of the following description and the accompanying drawings. It should be understood, however, that the following description and drawings are intended to be illustrative and explanatory in nature and non-limiting.
The present disclosure is illustrated by way of example and not limited in the accompanying figures in which like reference numerals indicate similar elements.
A detailed description of one or more embodiments of the disclosed apparatus and method are presented herein by way of exemplification and not limitation with reference to the Figures.
The load bearing members 107 engage the machine 111, which is part of an overhead structure of the elevator system 101. The machine 111 is configured to control movement between the elevator car 103 and the counterweight 105. The position encoder 113 may be mounted on an upper sheave of a speed-governor system 119 and may be configured to provide position signals related to a position of the elevator car 103 within the elevator shaft 117. In other embodiments, the position encoder 113 may be directly mounted to a moving component of the machine 111, or may be located in other positions and/or configurations as known in the art.
The elevator controller 115 is located, as shown, in a controller room 121 of the elevator shaft 117 and is configured to control the operation of the elevator system 101, and particularly the elevator car 103. For example, the elevator controller 115 may provide drive signals to the machine 111 to control the acceleration, deceleration, leveling, stopping, etc. of the elevator car 103. The elevator controller 115 may also be configured to receive position signals from the position encoder 113. When moving up or down within the elevator shaft 117 along guide rail 109, the elevator car 103 may stop at one or more landings 125 as controlled by the elevator controller 115. Although shown in a controller room 121, those of skill in the art will appreciate that the elevator controller 115 can be located and/or configured in other locations or positions within the elevator system 101. In some embodiments, the elevator controller 115 can be configured to control features within the elevator car 103, including, but not limited to, lighting, display screens, music, spoken audio words, etc.
The machine 111 may include a motor or similar driving mechanism and an optional braking system. In accordance with embodiments of the disclosure, the machine 111 is configured to include an electrically driven motor. The power supply for the motor may be any power source, including a power grid, which, in combination with other components, is supplied to the motor. Although shown and described with a rope-based load bearing system, elevator systems that employ other methods and mechanisms of moving an elevator car within an elevator shaft, such as hydraulics or any other methods, may employ embodiments of the present disclosure.
The elevator car 103 includes at least one elevator door assembly 130 operable to provide access between the each landing 125 and the interior (passenger portion) of the elevator car 103.
The sensors 214 can be any type of motion, position, acoustic, or force sensor or acoustic sensor, such as an accelerometer, a velocity sensor, a position sensor, a force sensor, a microphone or other such sensors known in the art. The elevator door controller 216 can collect data from the sensors 214 for control and/or diagnostic/prognostic uses. For example, when embodied as accelerometers, acceleration data (e.g., indicative of vibrations) from the sensors 214 can be analyzed for spectral content indicative of an impact event, component degradation, or a failure condition. Data gathered from different physical locations of the sensors 214 can be used to further isolate a physical location of a degradation condition or fault depending, for example, on the distribution of energy detected by each of the sensors 214. In some embodiments, disturbances associated with the door motion guidance track 202 can be manifested as vibrations on a horizontal axis (e.g., direction of door travel when opening and closing) and/or on a vertical axis (e.g., up and down motion of rollers 210 bouncing on the door motion guidance track 202). Disturbances associated with the sill 208 can be manifested as vibrations on the horizontal axis and/or on a depth axis (e.g., in and out movement between the interior of the elevator car 103 and an adjacent landing 125.
Embodiments are not limited to elevator door systems but can include any elevator sensor system within the elevator system 101 of
To support calibration of the elevator sensor system 220, a calibration device 222 can be placed in contact with the elevator door 204 at one or more predetermined locations 224 to apply a known excitation that is detectable by the sensors 214. The calibration device 222 can be configured to inject a predetermined sequence of one or more vibration frequencies applied at one or more predetermined amplitudes to one or more of the predetermined locations 224. For instance, placing the calibration device 222 closer to the door motion guidance track 202 can induce a vibration more similar to a roller fault or a track fault, while placing the calibration device 222 closer to the sill can induce a vibration more similar to a sill fault. The calibration device 222 need not precisely simulate an actual fault, as the actual sensed response to the excitation can be used to calibrate a trained model as further described herein.
Multiple experiments can be run at the experiment site 302 to establish the feature space 308 used to detect and classify various features. For example, the baseline designation 310 in the feature space 308 can establish a nominal expected response to cycling of the elevator door 204 of
Observations can be made at the experiment site 302 as to the effect of applying the known excitation 304 at one or more predetermined locations 224 of
To calibrate instances of the elevator sensor system 220 of
In embodiments, transfer learning can be used for trained model calibration at field sites 322 based on known excitation 324 applied at one or more predetermined locations 224 of
The shifting within trained model 404 based on the transfer function 336 of
Referring now to
Further, as noted, the memory 502 may store data 506. The data 506 may include, but is not limited to, elevator car data, elevator modes of operation, commands, or any other type(s) of data as will be appreciated by those of skill in the art. The instructions stored in the memory 502 may be executed by one or more processors, such as a processor 508. The processor 508 may be operative on the data 506.
The processor 508, as shown, is coupled to one or more input/output (I/O) devices 510. In some embodiments, the I/O device(s) 510 may include one or more of a keyboard or keypad, a touchscreen or touch panel, a display screen, a microphone, a speaker, a mouse, a button, a remote control, a joystick, a printer, a telephone or mobile device (e.g., a smartphone), a sensor, etc. The I/O device(s) 510, in some embodiments, include communication components, such as broadband or wireless communication elements.
The components of the computing system 500 may be operably and/or communicably connected by one or more buses. The computing system 500 may further include other features or components as known in the art. For example, the computing system 500 may include one or more transceivers and/or devices configured to transmit and/or receive information or data from sources external to the computing system 500 (e.g., part of the I/O devices 510). For example, in some embodiments, the computing system 500 may be configured to receive information over a network (wired or wireless) or through a cable or wireless connection with one or more devices remote from the computing system 500 (e.g. direct connection to an elevator machine, etc.). The information received over the communication network can stored in the memory 502 (e.g., as data 506) and/or may be processed and/or employed by one or more programs or applications (e.g., program 504) and/or the processor 508.
The computing system 500 is one example of a computing system, controller, and/or control system that is used to execute and/or perform embodiments and/or processes described herein. For example, the computing system 500, when configured as part of an elevator control system, is used to receive commands and/or instructions and is configured to control operation of an elevator car through control of an elevator machine. For example, the computing system 500 can be integrated into or separate from (but in communication therewith) an elevator controller and/or elevator machine and operate as a portion of elevator sensor system 220 of
The computing system 500 is configured to operate and/or control calibration of the elevator sensor system 220 of
At block 602, a computing system 500 collects a plurality of data from one or more sensors 214 of an elevator sensor system 220 while a calibration device 222 applies a known excitation 324, for instance, to an elevator door 204. In some embodiments, one or more variations of the known excitation 324 are applied by the calibration device 222 at one or more predetermined locations 224 on the elevator door 204. The known excitation 324 can include a predetermined sequence of one or more vibration frequencies applied at one or more predetermined amplitudes. The data can be collected at two or more different landings 125 of elevator system 101, e.g., to perform floor-level specific calibration of the elevator sensor system 220.
At block 604, the computing system 500 compares an actual response 408 to an expected response 406 to the known excitation 324 using a trained model 404. The trained model 404 can be trained by applying a known excitation 304 to a different instance of the elevator sensor system 220 at experiment site 302 to produce the expected response 406, which can be reproduced at field sites 322.
At block 606, the computing system 500 performs analytics model calibration 410 to calibrate the trained model 404 based on one or more response changes between the actual response 408 and the expected response 406. Transfer learning can be applied to determine a transfer function 336 based on the one or more response changes across a range of data points produced by the known excitation 324.
As described herein, in some embodiments various functions or acts may take place at a given location and/or in connection with the operation of one or more apparatuses, systems, or devices. For example, in some embodiments, a portion of a given function or act may be performed at a first device or location, and the remainder of the function or act may be performed at one or more additional devices or locations.
Embodiments may be implemented using one or more technologies. In some embodiments, an apparatus or system may include one or more processors and memory storing instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the apparatus or system to perform one or more methodological acts as described herein. Various mechanical components known to those of skill in the art may be used in some embodiments.
Embodiments may be implemented as one or more apparatuses, systems, and/or methods. In some embodiments, instructions may be stored on one or more computer program products or computer-readable media, such as a transitory and/or non-transitory computer-readable medium. The instructions, when executed, may cause an entity (e.g., an apparatus or system) to perform one or more methodological acts as described herein.
The term “about” is intended to include the degree of error associated with measurement of the particular quantity based upon the equipment available at the time of filing the application. For example, “about” can include a range of ±8% or 5%, or 2% of a given value.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the present disclosure. As used herein, the singular forms “a”, “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises” and/or “comprising,” when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, element components, and/or groups thereof.
While the present disclosure has been described with reference to an exemplary embodiment or embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the present disclosure without departing from the essential scope thereof. Therefore, it is intended that the present disclosure not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed as the best mode contemplated for carrying out this present disclosure, but that the present disclosure will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims.
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