Patent Application
20240123104
Passenger control units (PCU; also, passenger service units (PSU)) enable aircraft passengers to adjust the configuration of their passenger seat, adjust the surrounding environment, and interact with the flight crew and/or the aircraft in other ways. As such, PCUs are generally high touch surfaces. For example, a passenger may make repeated physical contact with a PCU during the course of a flight. If a given aircraft arrives, via a first flight, at an airport with an initial passenger complement and later departs said airport via a second flight with a partially or fully new passenger complement, each PCU (in addition to other high touch surfaces in galley areas, lavatory areas, and elsewhere throughout the passenger cabin) is a vehicle for potential transmission of influenza-A, COVID-19, and other communicable microorganisms.
PCU modules may be illuminated to provide a passenger with visual guidance that facilitates PCU operation in a darkened cabin. Ultraviolet light (UV), or luminous output of certain wavelengths within the ultraviolet spectrum (e.g., 10-400 nm), has been shown effective at disinfecting high touch surfaces via prolonged exposure. However, challenges are associated with conventional approaches to disinfecting high touch surfaces via UV. For example, ultraviolet-C wavelengths (UVC or UV-C; e.g., 254 nm, 275 nm, or wavelengths 280 nm or less generally) that are most effective with respect to exposure time are potentially harmful to human tissue. However, the longer exposure time (e.g., >1 hr) required for ultraviolet-A (UVA or UV-A; e.g., 315 nm or greater) to be human safe may be a prohibitively long time for an aircraft to remain grounded and empty while high touch surfaces are disinfected. Similarly, UVC wavelengths at 222 nm are safe for humans due to the shorter wavelengths, but require cumbersome and expensive noble gas-filled excimer lamps for UV emission.
In an aspect, a self-cleaning passenger control unit (PCU) for an aircraft cabin is disclosed. In embodiments, the self-cleaning PCU includes an embedded electronic component installable in a cabin surface (for example, a set of contact surfaces allowing a passenger to control seat configuration, reading lights, cabin crew call, ventilation, in-flight entertainment (IFE) and/or other cabin services or functions. The embedded electronic component includes inner and outer films fused or bonded to inner and outer faces of an injected or molded transparent polycarbonate layer. The contact surfaces are set into the outer film and therefore are high-touch surfaces associated with frequent and/or long-term passenger contact. Each contact surface may be labeled to identify the cabin surface controllable by that contact surface. The inner film includes embedded electronic contacts (e.g., circuitry for receiving control input through the contact surfaces and transmitting control signals to the appropriate cabin services) and embedded near-ultraviolet (near-UV) LED units configured for continuous luminous output in the near-UIV range (e.g., wavelengths at or near 405 nm). The near-UV luminous output is directed through the injected polycarbonate layer to irradiate and disinfect the outer high-touch contact surfaces. The PCU includes an interface pluggable into aircraft systems and networks, allowing for transmission of control signals from the PCU to the appropriate cabin system or function.
In some embodiments, the near-UV LED units are oriented for lateral or indirect emission relative to the outer film and contact surfaces. For example, the injected polycarbonate layer provides waveguides for directing the near-UV luminous output to the outer film.
In some embodiments, the inner film includes printed patterns for directing and/or diffusing the near-UV luminous output.
In some embodiments, the PCU includes negative contact surfaces, e.g., an illuminated transparent or translucent background and opaque or semi-opaque graphic elements identifying the controlled cabin system.
In some embodiments, the PCU includes positive contact surfaces, e.g., an opaque or semi-opaque background and illuminated graphic elements.
In some embodiments, the PCU incorporates three-dimensional (3D) graphic elements extending above the surrounding contact surface.
In some embodiments, the controllable cabin systems include seat configurations, reading or cabin lights, fans or vents, or cabin crew call signals.
In some embodiments, the PCU includes additional LED units for altering the color of the luminous output, e.g., if the blue color of the near-UV LED output is undesirable.
In some embodiments, the PCU is a multiplanar PCU incorporating contact surfaces in multiple or staggered planes.
In some embodiments, the PCU is a partially or fully nonplanar PCU incorporating curved contact surfaces and/or conforming/contouring to a curved/nonplanar cabin surface. This Summary is provided solely as an introduction to subject matter that is fully described in the Detailed Description and Drawings. The Summary should not be considered to describe essential features nor be used to determine the scope of the Claims. Moreover, it is to be understood that both the foregoing Summary and the following Detailed Description are example and explanatory only and are not necessarily restrictive of the subject matter claimed.
The detailed description is described with reference to the accompanying figures. The use of the same reference numbers in different instances in the description and the figures may indicate similar or identical items. Various embodiments or examples (“examples”) of the present disclosure are disclosed in the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings. The drawings are not necessarily to scale. In general, operations of disclosed processes may be performed in an arbitrary order, unless otherwise provided in the claims. In the drawings:
Before explaining one or more embodiments of the disclosure in detail, it is to be understood that the embodiments are not limited in their application to the details of construction and the arrangement of the components or steps or methodologies set forth in the following description or illustrated in the drawings. In the following detailed description of embodiments, numerous specific details may be set forth in order to provide a more thorough understanding of the disclosure. However, it will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of the instant disclosure that the embodiments disclosed herein may be practiced without some of these specific details. In other instances, well-known features may not be described in detail to avoid unnecessarily complicating the instant disclosure.
As used herein a letter following a reference numeral is intended to reference an embodiment of the feature or element that may be similar, but not necessarily identical, to a previously described element or feature bearing the same reference numeral (e.g., 1, 1a, 1b). Such shorthand notations are used for purposes of convenience only and should not be construed to limit the disclosure in any way unless expressly stated to the contrary.
Further, unless expressly stated to the contrary, “or” refers to an inclusive or and not to an exclusive or. For example, a condition A or B is satisfied by any one of the following: A is true (or present) and B is false (or not present), A is false (or not present) and B is true (or present), and both A and B are true (or present).
In addition, use of “a” or “an” may be employed to describe elements and components of embodiments disclosed herein. This is done merely for convenience and “a” and “an” are intended to include “one” or “at least one,” and the singular also includes the plural unless it is obvious that it is meant otherwise.
Finally, as used herein any reference to “one embodiment” or “some embodiments” means that a particular element, feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment disclosed herein. The appearances of the phrase “in some embodiments” in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, and embodiments may include one or more of the features expressly described or inherently present herein, or any combination or sub-combination of two or more such features, along with any other features which may not necessarily be expressly described or inherently present in the instant disclosure.
Referring to
In embodiments, the PCU 100 may be disposed on or near a passenger seat, e.g., either incorporated into the passenger seat or set into a wall surface or other surface proximate to the passenger seat. For example, the PCU 100 may be incorporated into or near a particular passenger seat for use by the passenger occupying said passenger seat. In embodiments, the exterior surface of the PCU 100 may be divided into a set of individual contact surfaces 102 (e.g., button surfaces), each contact surface dedicated to the control of a particular cabin system or cabin function by the occupying passenger. For example, individual contact surfaces 102 may allow the passenger, via physical contact with the contact surface, to, e.g.: call or alert a crewmember; activate/deactivate a reading light; convert the passenger seat to a reclined (102a) or berthed (102b) configuration; return the passenger seat to the upright configuration (102c); activate/deactivate a fan or gasper; engage with an in-flight entertainment (IFE) system; and/or interact with the aircraft and/or flight crew in various other ways. It may be noted that the individual contact surfaces 102, 102a-102c are high-touch surfaces in that one or more contact surfaces may be subject to frequent physical contact, e.g., either by a single passenger or by multiple passengers and/or crewmembers.
In embodiments, referring also to
For example, each contact surface 102, 102a-c may be a negative contact surface incorporating transparent or translucent background layer 104 and one or more opaque or semi-opaque graphic elements 106. In embodiments, the background layer 104 may be fully transparent or translucent, such that the background layer is backlit via one or more light emitting diode (LED) units 108 embedded within the PCU 100. For example, the background layer 104 may be backlit to facilitate distinction of one contact surface 102, 102a-c from the other contact surfaces, e.g., for ease of use of the PCU 100 in a darkened cabin, and for near-UV disinfection of the contact surfaces via the embedded LED units 108.
In embodiments, the PCU 100 may include electronic contacts 110 embedded within the PCU. For example, each electronic contact 110 may include circuitry for carrying control input provided by a passenger or other user (e.g., via engagement with a contact surface 102, 102a-102c) to the device or cabin system controlled by said contact surface, as discussed in detail below.
Referring now to
In embodiments, the PCU 100 may comprise an embedded electronic component wherein an injected polycarbonate layer 300 (e.g., molded layer) is fused between an outer film 304 (e.g., exterior substrate) and an inner film 302 (e.g., interior substrate). For example, the high-touch contact surfaces 102 may be incorporated into the outer film 304, such that the outer film may be divided into a set of contact surfaces, each contact surface including one or more graphic elements 106. Similarly, the LED units 108 and electronic contacts 110 may be attached to the inner film 302, the LED units attached near an edge 306 of the PCU 100 and the electronic contacts centered behind each contact surface 102, such that the LED units and electronic traces are embedded within the injected polycarbonate layer 300. In some embodiments, the LED units 108 may be attached to the inner film 302 near an intersection of edges 308 or otherwise not directly centered under a transparent or translucent portion of the outer film 304 and/or contact surfaces 102.
In embodiments, the near-UV luminous output of the LED units 108 may include wavelengths between 380 nm and 420 nm, preferably at or around 405 nm in wavelength. For example, the near-UV luminous output of the LED units 108 may be directed at and through the outer film 304 from the inside, continuously irradiating the outer film and its component contact surfaces 102 and providing long-term disinfection of the contact surfaces against microorganisms deposited there by passenger contact surface. In embodiments, the LED units 108 may be configured for lateral (e.g., indirect) luminous emission; for example, the luminous output of the LED units may not be aimed directly at the contact surfaces 102 or the outer film 304, but may be directed thereto via the injected polycarbonate layer 300.
Prolonged exposure to near-UV luminous emissions at or around 405 nm have been shown effective against influenza-A, COVID-19, Staphylococcus aureus, and other viral/bacterial microorganisms. In embodiments, the LED units 108 may provide continuous self-disinfection of the contact surfaces 102 through continuous exposure to near-UV luminous output. For example, unlike other wavelengths in the UVC spectrum with disinfectant properties, luminous output at 405 nm is not associated with long-term damage to human tissue. Accordingly, the continuous luminous output at 405 nm presents no danger to passengers in the vicinity of the luminous output, even if the LED units 108 remain active while the passenger cabin is occupied, e.g., inflight. In embodiments, the near-UV luminous output of the LED units 108 may be associated with a soft blue tone that may be acceptable for use as backlighting to the contact surfaces 102 as described above.
In some embodiments, the embedded electronic component may include diffusive patterns 310 printed onto the inner film 302. For example, the diffusive patterns 310 may promote the direction and/or diffusion of the near-UV luminous output of the LED units 108, such that the luminous output of the LED units (e.g., and the irradiation of the contact surfaces 102) is uniform as well as continuous.
Referring now to
In embodiments, the efficacy of the self-cleaning PCU 100 in disinfecting the contact surfaces (102,
In embodiments, the irradiance shown by equation 2 may be optimized by the incorporation by the PCU 100 of additional near-UV LED units 108. For example, the PCU 100 may be configured for higher or lower irradiance based on, e.g., the placement of the PCU relative to a passenger cabin or to a passenger (PCUs associated with passenger seats may be configured for lower overall irradiance while PCUs in higher traffic illuminated areas (or, e.g., handles, switches, and other high touch surfaces in lavatory or galley areas) may be configured for higher overall irradiance).
In embodiments, the PCU 100 may improve upon conventional backlit embedded electronics by eliminating an air gap between the outer and inner films 302, 304. For example, the substantially transparent or translucent injected polycarbonate layer 300 may be fused between outer and inner films 302, 304 such that the polycarbonate layer extends fully between the outer and inner films and may serve as a waveguide for directing the lateral luminous output 400 of the LED units 108 toward (402) the outer film and its component contact surfaces (102,
In embodiments, by embedding the LED units 108 within to the inner film 302 and fusing the outer film 304 and inner film to opposing faces of the injected polycarbonate layer 300, the distance between the near-UV LED units 108 and the outer film (and its component contact surfaces 102) may be significantly reduced with respect to a conventional backlit PCU. For example, while the conventional backlit PCU may incorporate a 4 mm internal polycarbonate layer (plus a significant air gap) between the inner electronics and the outer surface, the embedded electronic component of the self-cleaning PCU 100 may incorporate a significantly thinner injected polycarbonate layer 300 (e.g., a width 404 of 2 mm or less) and eliminate the air gap entirely (e.g., a total width 406 of 4 mm for the embedded electronic component as a whole). In embodiments, the reduction in distance between the near-UV LED units 108 and the outer film 304 may be associated with a 20 percent increase in transmittance via the injected polycarbonate layer 300 (e.g., based on the 4 mm-2 mm reduction in width described above).
In embodiments, the PCU 100 may include an interface 408 insertable into a port (not shown) set within the cabin surface into which the PCU is installed. For example, the port may provide (e.g., via physical power and/or data connections) links to cabin systems and aircraft networks such that when the PCU 100 is installed, control input provided via the contact surfaces 102 by a user may be carried as control signals via the electronic contacts (110,
Referring now to
Referring now to
In some embodiments, the individual contact surfaces 102 of the PCU 100 may incorporate three-dimensional graphic elements 600. For example, the three-dimensional graphic elements 600 may be raised, or may extend above the background layer 104 of the contact surface relative to a z-axis 602.
In some embodiments, the PCU 100 may incorporate positive contact surfaces 102 (as opposed to the negative contact surfaces shown, e.g., by
Referring to
Referring to
Embodiments of the inventive concepts disclosed herein may improve upon conventional PCUs by providing a safe and perpetual self-disinfecting capability that is “always on”, e.g., provides continuous disinfection of high touch surfaces at relatively low power. The self-disinfecting PCU may provide continuous protection by remaining active inflight without potential harm to passengers or flight crew. In embodiments, recommended near-UV dosage for eliminating viral and bacterial microorganisms may be realized with 30 minutes or less of exposure.
It is to be understood that embodiments of the methods disclosed herein may include one or more of the steps described herein. Further, such steps may be carried out in any desired order and two or more of the steps may be carried out simultaneously with one another. Two or more of the steps disclosed herein may be combined in a single step, and in some embodiments, one or more of the steps may be carried out as two or more sub-steps. Further, other steps or sub-steps may be carried in addition to, or as substitutes to one or more of the steps disclosed herein.
Although inventive concepts have been described with reference to the embodiments illustrated in the attached drawing figures, equivalents may be employed and substitutions made herein without departing from the scope of the claims. Components illustrated and described herein are merely examples of a system/device and components that may be used to implement embodiments of the inventive concepts and may be replaced with other devices and components without departing from the scope of the claims. Furthermore, any dimensions, degrees, and/or numerical ranges provided herein are to be understood as non-limiting examples unless otherwise specified in the claims.
