The present invention relates endoscope hood which may be attached to a distal end of an endoscope by press fitting.
Any references to methods, apparatus or documents of the prior art are not to be taken as constituting any evidence or admission that they formed, or form part of the common general knowledge.
In endoscopic examinations/procedures, flexible instruments are used to view a body lumen, such as the gastrointestinal tract and many others. The instruments are provided with fiber optic or charge-couple device (CCD) cameras which enable images to be transmitted around bends and images to be produced to displays on a screen.
One problem is associated with the anatomy of the colon which consists of folds. As the tip of the endoscope passes along the lumen of the colon, these folds hamper the endoscope operator’s ability to visualize the entire surface of the mucosa and in particular, detect pre-malignant and malignant lesions hidden within these folds. It is also difficult to maintain the position of the endoscope tip when a lesion or polyp is detected. It is hypothesized that this occurs because the endoscope tip is moving, the tip does not travel back at a constant speed but rather with jerks and slippages particularly when traversing a bend or length of colon where the bowel has been concertinaed over the endoscope shaft during intubation.
In view of the above, it is desirable to provide an improved endoscope cover or endoscope hood that addresses at least some of the issues of the prior art.
In an aspect of the disclosure, the invention provides an endoscope hood structured to be attached to a distal tip of an endoscope, the endoscope hood comprising: a flexible and hollow cylindrical body extending between a first end and a second end with a lumen extending therethrough for receiving the distal tip of the endoscope through an opening at the first end of the cylindrical body and allowing the distal tip to be positioned adjacent the second end; the hollow cylindrical body comprising an internal surface for engaging and receiving said tip of the endoscope.
In at least one preferred aspect, the invention provides an endoscope hood structured to be attached to a distal tip of an endoscope, the endoscope hood comprising: a flexible and hollow cylindrical body extending between a first end and a second end with a lumen extending therethrough for receiving the distal tip of the endoscope through an opening at the first end of the cylindrical body and allowing the distal tip to be positioned adjacent the second end; the hollow cylindrical body comprising an internal surface for engaging and receiving said tip of the endoscope; and an outer surface of the cylindrical body is formed by profiled outer portions arranged in one or more rows between the first end and the second end of the cylindrical body wherein each of the profiled outer portions comprises respective contact surfaces that converges towards the second end of the cylindrical body such that the profiled outer portions provide low frictional resistance during forward movement of the endoscope hood covering the endoscope tip through a body cavity and a greater frictional resistance during a rearward movement of the endoscope hood covering the endoscope tip through the body cavity.
In an embodiment, each of the profiled outer portions comprises a wedge with said contact surface of the wedge converging towards the second end of the cylindrical body whereby thickness of the wedge decreases in a direction towards the second end of the cylindrical body.
Preferably, each row of the profiled outer portions comprises a plurality of said wedges circumferentially arranged along the outer portion of the cylindrical body.
In an embodiment, respective wedges for each row of said profiled outer portions are adjacently arranged to form a column comprising of two or more of said wedges arranged between the first and second ends.
In an embodiment, an edge portion for each wedge extends transversely across the outer portion of the cylindrical body, the edge portion being transverse relative to a central longitudinal axis passing through the enclosed hollow internal space of the body.
In an embodiment, the endoscope hood further comprises:
In an embodiment, the wedges in each said plurality of wedged arranged circumferentially are separated from each other a respective drainage channel.
In an embodiment, each drainage channel extends in a longitudinal direction from the second end towards the first end of the body.
In an embodiment, the endoscope hood further comprises a profiled stop member being positioned along the internal surface adjacent the second end of the hollow body to maintain a gap towards a forward viewing direction, the gap being between a lens of the endoscope positioned, during use, along the profiled stop member and an outer portion defining an opening at the second end of the hollow body wherein the profiled stop portion comprises one or more drainage apertures to allow fluid to drain from an interior portion adjacent the second end of the endoscope hood to an external outer portion of the body of the endoscope hood.
In an embodiment, the profiled stop member is formed continuously with the outer portion defining the opening at the second end of the cylindrical body.
In an embodiment, the plurality of drainage apertures is circumferentially disposed along the profiled stop member of the cylindrical body.
In an embodiment, each of the drainage channels are circumferentially arranged along the outer portion of the body of the endoscope hood.
In an embodiment, the first end of the cylindrical body comprises flexible elements, each flexible element comprising a body portion which is substantially parallel to the cylindrical body in at least one operable configuration and a flared tip extending away from the first end and radially diverge away from the outer portion of the cylindrical body of the endoscope hood.
In an embodiment, the flexible elements are adapted to flex between:
In an embodiment, each of said flexible elements is integrally formed with the first end portion defining the opening at the first end of the hollow cylindrical body of the endoscope hood.
In another embodiment, each of said flexible elements is integrally formed with the internal surface of the cylindrical body to allow the flexible elements to extend from the first end of the cylindrical body.
In an embodiment, length of each of said flexible elements is less than or equal to height of the cylindrical body of the endoscope hood for preventing respective tip portions of the flexible elements from extending forwardly relative to the second end of the cylindrical body.
In an embodiment, the endoscope hood comprises at least a first plurality of said flexible elements and a second plurality of flexible elements wherein length of each of the flexible elements in the first plurality is greater than length of the flexible elements in the second plurality.
In an embodiment, the profiled stop member and the outer portion at the second end are structured such that the outer portion defining the opening at the second end lies in a plane that is inclined at an angle in the range of 1 and 10 degrees and more preferably less than 5 degrees relative to an imaginary plane of an outer portion defining the opening at the first end of the cylindrical body.
In an embodiment, during use, positioning the distal tip adjacent or in abutment with the stop member results in a camera of the distal tip being centered relative to the opening at the second end.
In another aspect, the endoscope hood comprises one or more drainage apertures preferably located along the profiled stop portion to allow fluid to drain from an interior portion adjacent the second end of the endoscope hood to an external outer portion of the body of the endoscope hood.
In an embodiment, the plurality of drainage apertures are circumferentially disposed along the profiled stop portion of the cylindrical body.
In an embodiment, the endoscope hood further comprises one or more of the drainage channels provided along the outer portion of the body of the endoscope hood, each drainage channel corresponding to a respective drainage aperture.
In an embodiment, each drainage channel extends in a longitudinal direction from the second end towards the first end of the body.
In an embodiment, each of the drainage channels are circumferentially arranged along the outer portion of the body of the endoscope hood.
In another aspect, the invention provides an endoscope hood structured to be attached to a distal tip of an endoscope, the endoscope hood comprising: a flexible and hollow cylindrical body extending between a first end and a second end with a lumen extending therethrough for receiving the distal tip of the endoscope through an opening at the first end of the cylindrical body and allowing the distal tip to be positioned adjacent the second end; the hollow cylindrical body comprising an internal surface for engaging and receiving said tip of the endoscope; wherein the first end of the cylindrical body comprises flexible elements, each flexible element comprising a body portion which is substantially parallel to the cylindrical body in at least one operable configuration and a flared tip extending away from the first end and radially diverge away from the outer portion of the cylindrical body of the endoscope hood.
Preferred features, embodiments and variations of the invention may be discerned from the following Detailed Description which provides sufficient information for those skilled in the art to perform the invention. The Detailed Description is not to be regarded as limiting the scope of the preceding Summary of the Invention in any way. The Detailed Description will make reference to a number of drawings as follows:
The endoscope hood 100 comprises a flexible and hollow cylindrical body 110 that extends between an insertion end 101 (also referred to as the “first end” throughout the specification) and a distal end 102 (also referred to as the “second end” throughout the specification). The hollow cylindrical body 110 comprises an internal surface 105 (See
A profiled stop member 140 is positioned along the internal surface 105 of the cylindrical body. As shown clearly in
Referring to
Most of the prior art endoscope caps or hoods that extend beyond the distal endoscope end are cut straight at the distal end. When such prior art caps are mounted on the chip-on-tip type of endoscope tips, the distal rim of the prior art endoscope caps is oriented at a slight angle relative to the plane of the camera in the endoscope tip (see
The profiled stop member 140 is also provided with a plurality of drainage apertures 130 that are circumferentially arranged along the profiled stop member 140. During use, mucosal fluid or other fluids can often accumulate within an interior hollow volume in the forward viewing direction (adjacent the second end 102) once the endoscope tip has been positioned in abutment with the profiled stop member 140. The drainage apertures 130 allow such accumulated fluids to drain out of the hollow volume. Each of the circumferentially arranged drainage aperture drains the fluid into a corresponding drainage channel 135 which is recessed into the outer wall of the cylindrical body 110 of the endoscope hood 100. Each channel 135 extends along the length of the outer wall 105 towards the insertion end 101 of the cylindrical body 110 thereby directing the fluid away from the endoscope tip during use.
Each of the circumferential drainage channels 135 is separated by a column 120 of profiled wedge portions 122. The wedge portions 122 are shaped to provide low frictional resistance during forward movement of the endoscope hood 100 covering the endoscope tip through the body cavity and a greater frictional resistance during a rearward movement of the endoscope hood 100 covering the endoscope tip through the body cavity. Each wedge portion 122 includes a sloping contact surface that slopes from an edge portion (that extends transversely across the outer surface of the cylindrical body 110) of the wedge 122 towards the second end 102 in a radially inwardly direction. The orientation of the adjacently arranged wedge portions 122 in each column 120 lowers the frictional resistance between the wedge portions 122 and any walls of the body cavity (within which the endoscope hood 100 is being used). On the other hand, during rearward movement (typically extubation) the protruding edge portion of each wedge 122 assists with increasing frictional resistance with the walls of the body cavity which assists with flattening of the folds of body cavity.
Another important consideration relates to the combined effect of the drainage channels 135 with the transverse flow paths provided by the sloping surfaces of each wedge 122 which intersect with the drainage channels 135 and provide improved lateral drainage. This mechanism is therefore helpful in providing an overflow pathway that allows fluid to flow through lateral channels provided by the columns 120 of profiled wedges 122 provided along the outer body of the endoscope hood 100.
Referring to
Each of the flexible elements 270 is adapted to flex between: a neutral position and a divergent flared position. In the neutral position, at least some of the flexible elements 270 are aligned along a longitudinal central axis of the body 110 during a forward movement of the endoscope hood 200 covering the endoscope tip through the body cavity. In the divergent flared position, for increased engagement with walls of a body cavity, rearward movement of the endoscope hood 200 covering the endoscope tip through the body cavity results in at least some of the flexible elements 270 to spread in a radially outwardly direction relative to the cylindrical body 110 of the endoscope hood 200 to engage with the walls of the body cavity. The filaments 270 are formed integrally with an outer surface 205 of the cylindrical body 110 It is important to note that each flexible element 270 comprises a straight body 272 with a permanently flared tip 274. Such a structure allows the tip 274 to remain divergent and engage walls of the body cavity (tom a limited extent) even during the forward movement of the endoscope tip whilst the body portion of the flexible element 270 remains substantially parallel to the cylindrical body 110.
The provision of the elements 270 assists the clinician in straightening the colon during insertion of the endoscope tip (with the mounted endoscope hood 200). During intubation of the gastrointestinal tract (colon, small bowel etc.) there are numerous bends in the colon and pushing forward through such bends usually stretches the bowel and therefore the endoscopes which use known endoscope hoods have to be pulled backwards. The provision of the flexible elements 270 alone and/or in combination with the profiled portions 122 prevents slipping of the endoscope hood and thereby allows the bowel length to be shortened behind the tip 274 of the flexible elements 270. The shape of the wedge shaped profile portions 122 continues to make intubation easier as discussed in the previous sections. Another advantage with the flexible elements 270 having naturally turned tips 274 is that during extubation, the flexible elements 270 diverge and fold smoothly along the turned portion of the tip 274 thereby making the movement of the endoscope hood 200 with the mounted endoscope smoother.
During withdrawal of the endoscope hood 200, for the flexible elements 270 to engage the colon walls during extubation, flexible elements 270 must be much longer. Therefore, provision of flexible elements with flared tip portion having varying lengths (specifically a first plurality of elements with a relatively longer length such as 271 and a second plurality of flexible elements 273) allows the endoscope hood 200 to extend the folds of the colon walls during intubation and extubation. It is also believed that providing flexible elements 270 with multiple lengths increases the overall resistance over a longer withdrawal distance. This is because, once a flexible element (say of a first length 271) has engaged the mucosal layer, it is likely to flex and fold towards the second end of the cylindrical body 110 thereby reducing the resistance offered. Having flexible elements 270 with varying lengths ensures that all the flexible elements 270 do not fold back at the same time thereby increasing the overall resistance offered to the withdrawal movement of the endoscope hood 200.
Another important consideration relates the length of the flexible elements 270. The maximum length of the flexible elements 270 is chosen to ensure that during rearward movement, the flexible elements do not extend in a forwardly direction beyond the second end 102 of the cylindrical body. Such a feature avoids situations where the flexible elements 270 may obstruct or interfere with the endoscope tip camera’s view in the forwardly direction.
Referring to
The flexible elements 370 are also adapted to flex between: a neutral position and a divergent flared position. In the neutral position, at least some of the flexible elements 370 are aligned along a longitudinal central axis of the body 110 during a forward movement of the endoscope hood 300 covering the endoscope tip through the body cavity. In the divergent flared position, for increased engagement with walls of a body cavity, rearward movement of the endoscope hood 300 covering the endoscope tip through the body cavity results in at least some of the flexible elements 370 to spread in a radially outwardly direction relative to the cylindrical body 110 of the endoscope hood 300 to engage with the walls of the body cavity. It is important to note that each flexible element 370 comprises a straight body 372 with a permanently flared tip 374. Such a structure allows the tip 374 to remain divergent and engage walls of the body cavity (tom a limited extent) even during the forward movement of the endoscope tip whilst the body portion of the flexible element 370 remains substantially parallel to the cylindrical body 110.
The applicants hypothesize that in at least applications particularly in the divergent configuration, the flexible elements 370 are less likely to break away from the cylindrical body 110 of the endoscope hood 300 because the flexible elements 370 are attached to the inner surface of the cylindrical body 110.
The provision of the elements 370 assists the clinician in straightening the colon during insertion of the endoscope tip (with the mounted endoscope hood 300) in the same manner as described for the flexible elements 270 in the previous sections.
In compliance with the statute, the invention has been described in language more or less specific to structural or methodical features. The term “comprises” and its variations, such as “comprising” and “comprised of” is used throughout in an inclusive sense and not to the exclusion of any additional features.
It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to specific features shown or described since the means herein described comprises preferred forms of putting the invention into effect.
The invention is, therefore, claimed in any of its forms or modifications within the proper scope of the appended claims appropriately interpreted by those skilled in the art.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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2020900679 | Mar 2020 | AU | national |
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
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PCT/AU2021/050193 | 3/5/2021 | WO |