Patent Grant
12193954
The present invention relates generally to implantable medical devices, and specifically to delivery tools and implantable stent-grafts.
Endovascular prostheses are sometimes used to treat aortic aneurysms. Such treatment includes implanting a stent or stent-graft within the diseased vessel to bypass the anomaly. An aneurysm is a sac formed by the dilation of the wall of the artery. Aneurysms may be congenital, but are usually caused by disease or, occasionally, by trauma. Aortic aneurysms which commonly form between the renal arteries and the iliac arteries are referred to as abdominal aortic aneurysms (“AAAs”). Other aneurysms occur in the aorta, such as thoracic aortic aneurysms (“TAAs”) and aortic uni-iliac (“AUI”) aneurysms. A TAA may occur downstream the aortic arch, i.e., in the descending aorta. Alternatively, a TAA may occur in the aortic arch itself, where the aorta branches to supply the brachiocephalic, left carotid and subclavian arteries, or may occur in the ascending aorta.
Endo-Vascular Aneurysm Repair (EVAR) has transformed the practice of treatment of aortic aneurysms from an open surgical approach to a much less invasive surgical approach. The first step of an endovascular intervention usually requires introducing a delivery system into the vasculature of a subject. If the crossing profile, i.e., the external diameter, of the delivery system is 24 Fr or lower (3 Fr=1 millimeter), a true percutaneous approach may be used, because vascular closure devices are available for proper closure of such puncture sites.
Blood vessels occasionally weaken or even rupture. For example, in the aortic artery, the vascular wall can weaken or tear, resulting in dangerous conditions such as aneurysm and dissection. Treatment of such conditions can be performed by implanting a prosthesis within the vascular system using minimally-invasive surgical procedures. An endoluminal prosthesis typically includes one or more stents affixed to graft material and is delivered to the treatment site by endovascular insertion. Once the endoluminal prosthesis is radially enlarged, it should remain in place indefinitely by self-attachment to the vessel wall, acting as a substitute vessel for the flow of blood or other fluids.
Aortic dissection is a tear or partial tear in the inner wall of the aorta, which causes blood to flow between the layers of the wall of the aorta, forcing the layers apart. Aortic dissections may be divided into two types in accordance with the Stanford classification: Type A dissections involve the ascending aorta and/or aortic arch, and possibly the descending aorta. Type B dissections involve the descending aorta or the arch (distal to right brachiocephalic artery origin), without involvement of the ascending aorta.
In some embodiments of the present invention, a stent-graft comprises a plurality of structural strut members and a graft member, which are arranged so as to define a main tube and a lateral tube, when the stent-graft is in a radially-expanded state. The lateral tube has a proximal end that is joined to a lateral wall of the main tube. When the stent-graft is in the radially-expanded state, the structural strut members that the define lateral tube are shaped so as to define two to six, typically two to four, non-contiguous arcuate members, which (a) are centered around a central longitudinal axis of the lateral tube, and (b) collectively subtend at least 150 degrees around the central longitudinal axis. Typically, the arcuate members are arranged so as to provide respective circumferential gaps between circumferentially-adjacent ones of the arcuate members, when the stent-graft is in the radially-expanded state. This configuration of the structural stent members of the lateral tube tends to increase the fatigue resistance of the lateral tube during long-term implantation of the stent-graft in an aneurysmal artery.
For some applications, the structural strut members that define the lateral tube are shaped so as to define respective linking members for the arcuate members. The linking members link the arcuate members to the a junction at which the proximal end of the lateral tube is joined to the main tube, such as with one or more structural strut members that surround the proximal end of the lateral tube. For some of these applications, the linking members form respective angles with the respective arcuate members, which angles have an average of 30 to 90 degrees, when the stent-graft is in the radially-expanded state. In some configurations, the average angle is 85 to 90 degrees, e.g., 90 degrees, while for other applications, the average angle is 30 to 60 degrees, e.g., about 45 degrees.
For some applications, the arcuate members are disposed at a same axial position along the lateral tube, when the stent-graft is in the radially-expanded state. Typically, the arcuate members are disposed with 3 mm of a distal end of the structural strut members that define the lateral tube, when the stent-graft is in the radially-expanded state. For example, the arcuate members may be disposed at the distal end of the structural strut members that define the lateral tube, when the stent-graft is in the radially-expanded state. Typically, the arcuate members are disposed with 3 mm of a distal end of a portion of the graft member that defines the lateral tube, when the stent-graft is in the radially-expanded state. For example, the arcuate members may be disposed at the distal end of the portion of the graft member that defines the lateral tube, when the stent-graft is in the radially-expanded state.
There is therefore provided, in accordance with an inventive concept 1 of the present invention, apparatus comprising an endovascular stent-graft, which is configured to transition from a radially-compressed delivery state to a radially-expanded state, and which comprises:
Inventive concept wherein the lateral tube is a first lateral tube, the distal and proximal ends are first distal and proximal ends, the junction is a first junction, the lateral lumen is a first lateral lumen, the central longitudinal axis is a first central longitudinal axis, and the arcuate members are first arcuate members,
There is further provided, in accordance with an inventive concept 58 of the present invention, a method for treating a subject, comprising:
transitioning the main tube to a radially-expanded state thereof while the lateral tube remains in a compressed delivery state thereof, in which the arcuate members define a portion of a generally tubular outer surface of the main tube; and
thereafter, transitioning the lateral tube to a radially-expanded state thereof, such that the stent-graft is in the radially-expanded state thereof.
Inventive concept 69. The method according to inventive concept 58, wherein transitioning comprises transitioning the stent-graft to the radially-expanded state in which a ratio of (a) an average circumference of the main tube and (b) an average circumference of the lateral tube is between 1:1 and 5:1.
Inventive concept 70. The method according to inventive concept 58, wherein transitioning comprises transitioning the stent-graft to the radially-expanded state in which a length of the lateral tube is between 10% and 30% of an average circumference of the lateral tube.
Inventive concept 71. The method according to inventive concept 58, wherein transitioning comprises transitioning the stent-graft to the radially-expanded state in which a circumference of the lateral tube at the proximal end of the lateral tube is between 5% and 30% greater than a circumference of the lateral tube at the distal end of the lateral tube.
Inventive concept 72. The method according to inventive concept 58, wherein transitioning comprises transitioning the stent-graft to the radially-expanded state in which an angle between the central longitudinal axis of the lateral tube and a central longitudinal axis of the main tube is greater than 80 degrees.
Inventive concept 73. The method according to inventive concept 58, wherein transitioning comprises transitioning the stent-graft to the radially-expanded state in which an angle between the central longitudinal axis of the lateral tube and a central longitudinal axis of the main tube is between 60 and 80 degrees.
Inventive concept 74. The method according to inventive concept 58, wherein transitioning comprises transitioning the stent-graft to the radially-expanded state in which an angle between the central longitudinal axis of the lateral tube and a central longitudinal axis of the main tube is between 30 and 60 degrees.
Inventive concept 75. The method according to inventive concept 58, wherein the main tube has proximal and distal ends, and wherein transitioning comprises transitioning the stent-graft to the radially-expanded state in which a circumference of the proximal end of the main tube is 3 to 10 cm.
Inventive concept 76. The method according to inventive concept 75, wherein transitioning comprises transitioning the stent-graft to the radially-expanded state in which a circumference of the distal end of the main tube is 6 to 12 cm.
Inventive concept 77. The method according to inventive concept 58,
The present invention will be more fully understood from the following detailed description of embodiments thereof, taken together with the drawings, in which:
Structural strut members 30 and graft member 32 are arranged so as to define, when stent-graft 20 is in the radially-expanded state:
When stent-graft 20 is in the radially-expanded state, as shown in
For some applications, stent-graft 20 is self-expanding, in which case the radially-expanded state is a relaxed state of the stent-graft. For these applications, lateral tube 50 is typically self-protruding from main tube 40. As used in the present application, including in the claims, a “central longitudinal axis” of an elongate structure is the set of all centroids of transverse cross-sectional sections of the structure along the structure. Thus the cross-sectional sections are locally perpendicular to the central longitudinal axis, which runs along the structure. (If the structure is circular in cross-section, the centroids correspond with the centers of the circular cross-sectional sections.)
Typically, structural strut members 30 comprise a metal, such as a flexible metal, an elastic metal, stainless steel, or a superelastic alloy (such as Nitinol). Graft member 32 comprises one or more biologically-compatible substantially blood-impervious flexible sheets 34, and is attached (such as by stitching) to at least a portion of structural strut members 30, on either side of the surfaces defined by the support element, so as to define lumens 42 and 62. The flexible sheets may comprise, for example, a polymeric material (e.g., a polyester, or polytetrafluoroethylene), a textile material (e.g., polyethylene terephthalate (PET), or expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE)), natural tissue (e.g., saphenous vein or collagen), or a combination thereof.
Typically, arcuate members 70 are disposed with 3 mm of a distal end of structural strut members 30 that define lateral tube 50, when stent-graft 20 is in the radially-expanded state. For example, arcuate members 70 may be disposed at the distal end of structural strut members 30 that define lateral tube 50, when stent-graft 20 is in the radially-expanded state, such as shown in
Typically, arcuate members 70 are arranged so as to provide respective circumferential gaps 80 between circumferentially-adjacent ones of arcuate members 70, when stent-graft 20 is in the radially-expanded state. For example, in the configuration shown in
For some applications, such as shown in
For some applications, one or more of structural strut members 30 (these one or more structural strut members are labeled 86 in the figures) surround proximal end 54 of lateral tube 50 at junction 60. For some applications, one or more of structural strut members 30 (these one or more structural strut members are labeled 86 in the figures) surround proximal end 54, such as completely (i.e., around 360 degrees) surround proximal end 54, when stent-graft 20 is in the radially-expanded state.
For some applications, structural strut members 30 that define lateral tube 50 are shaped so as to define respective linking members 84 for arcuate members 70. Linking members 84 link arcuate members 70 to junction 60, such as with the one or more structural strut members 86 that surround proximal end 54, for applications in which these surrounding strut members are provided. (It is to be understood that not all of structural strut members 30 that define lateral tube 50 necessarily are shaped so as to define linking members 84; typically, only a portion of structural strut members 30 that define lateral tube 50 are shaped so as to define linking members 84.) For some applications, linking members 84 form respective angles β (beta) with the respective arcuate members 70, which angles have an average of 30 to 90 degrees, such as 85 to 90 degrees, e.g., 90 degrees, when stent-graft 20 is in the radially-expanded state. For some applications, an average length of linking members 84 equals at least 80% of a length of lateral tube 50.
For some applications, such as shown in
For some applications, structural strut members 30 that define main tube 40 are arranged as a plurality of circumferential stent springs 88, each of which is shaped so as to define a plurality of stent cells 90. (It is to be understood that not all of structural strut members 30 that define main tube 40 necessarily are shaped so as to define stent springs 88; for some applications, only a portion of structural strut members 30 that define main tube 40 are shaped so as to define stent springs 88.) Typically, axially-adjacent ones of the stent springs are not in contact with one another, when stent-graft 20 is in the radially-expanded state. For some applications, stent cells 90 are diamond-shaped, when stent-graft 20 is in the radially-expanded state. For some applications, the diamond-shaped stent cells 90 have respective, different dimensions, when stent-graft 20 is in the radially-expanded state.
Typically, one of stent cells 90 of one of stent springs 88 is defined by the one or more of structural strut members 30 that completely surround proximal end 54 of lateral tube 50 at junction 60, when stent-graft 20 is in the radially-expanded state.
For some applications, a ratio of (a) an average circumference of main tube 40 and (b) an average circumference of lateral tube 50 is between 1:1 and 5:1, when stent-graft 20 is in the radially-expanded state. For some applications, a length of lateral tube 50 is between 10% and 30% of an average circumference of lateral tube 50, when stent-graft 20 is in the radially-expanded state. For some applications, a circumference of lateral tube 50 at proximal end 54 of lateral tube 50 is between 5% and 30% greater than a circumference of lateral tube 50 at distal end 52 of lateral tube 50, when stent-graft 20 is in the radially-expanded state. For some applications, a length of main tube 40 is 4 to 15 cm.
For some applications, an angle between central longitudinal axis 64 of lateral tube 50 and a central longitudinal axis of main tube 40 is greater than 80 degrees, when stent-graft 20 is in the radially-expanded state. For some applications, an angle between central longitudinal axis 64 of lateral tube 50 and a longitudinal axis of main tube 40 is between 60 and 80 degrees, when stent-graft 20 is in the radially-expanded state. For some applications, an angle between central longitudinal axis 64 of lateral tube 50 and a longitudinal axis of main tube 40 is between 30 and 60 degrees, when stent-graft 20 is in the radially-expanded state.
For some applications, stent-graft 20 comprises two or more (e.g., exactly two or exactly three) lateral tubes 50, such as described hereinbelow with reference to
Reference is now made to
Reference is now made to
Reference is now made to
As mentioned above with reference to
In the configuration shown in
As mentioned above regarding stent-graft 20, for some applications, stent-graft 120 comprises two or more (e.g., exactly two or exactly three) lateral tubes 50. For these applications, lateral tube 50 is a first lateral tube 50, distal and proximal ends 52 and 54 are first distal and proximal ends 54 and 54, junction 60 is a first junction 60, lateral lumen 62 is a first lateral lumen 62, central longitudinal axis 64 is a first central longitudinal axis 64, and arcuate members 70 are first arcuate members 70. Structural strut members 30 and graft member 32 are arranged so as to define, when stent-graft 20 is in the radially-expanded state, a second lateral tube 150, which (a) has (i) a second distal end 152 and (ii) a second proximal end 154 that is joined to lateral wall 56 of main tube 40 at a second junction 160, (b) is shaped so as to define a second lateral lumen 162 that is in fluid communication with main lumen 42, and (c) defines a second central longitudinal axis 164. When stent-graft 20 is in the radially-expanded state, structural strut members 30 that define second lateral tube 150 are shaped so as to define two to four non-contiguous second arcuate members 170, which (a) are centered around second central longitudinal axis 164, and (c) collectively subtend at least 150 degrees around second central longitudinal axis 164.
For some applications, the smallest one of stent cells 90B (e.g., the diamond-shaped stent cells) completely surrounds second proximal end 154 of second lateral tube 150 at second junction 160, when stent-graft 20 is in the radially-expanded state. For some applications, an average circumference of second lateral tube 150 is less than an average circumference of first lateral tube 50.
For other applications, such as shown in
Reference is now made to
As mentioned above, for some applications, structural strut members 30 that define lateral tube 50 are shaped so as to define respective linking members 84 for arcuate members 70, which linking members 84 link arcuate members 70 to junction 60, such as with the one or more structural strut members 86 that surround proximal end 54, for applications in which these surrounding strut members are provided. For some applications, such as shown in
In this configuration, distal end 52 of lateral tube 50 rotates during the transition from the compressed delivery state to the radially-expanded state. As a result, in the crimped configuration shown in
For some applications, one or more (e.g., all) of arcuate members 70 are shaped so as to define respective jointed locations 292, which are configured such that the arcuate members fold at the jointed locations 292 when main tube 40 is radially compressed. Without such folding protrusions, the arcuate members might plastically deform at arbitrary locations therealong when the main tube is radially compressed. For some applications, each of the jointed locations 292 is at a location along its respective arcuate member 70 that is within a number of degrees of a circumferential center 294 of the arcuate member around central longitudinal axis 64, which number of degrees is equal to 40% of a total number of degrees of the arcuate member, such as at the circumferential center of the arcuate member. For some applications, arcuate members 70 of stent-graft 20 or 120, described hereinabove with reference to
For some applications, stent-graft 220 comprises two or more (e.g., exactly two or exactly three) lateral tubes 50, such as described hereinbelow with reference to
Reference is now made to
For some applications, as shown in
For some applications, such as labeled in
Reference is now made to
In the configuration shown in
In the configuration shown in
The deployment is typically performed in a transvascular (typically percutaneous) procedure using one or more guidewires and an elongate delivery tube that is sized to hold stent-graft 120 in the radially-compressed delivery state. For some applications, a ratio of (a) an average circumference of main tube 40 when in the radially-expanded state thereof to (b) an inner circumference of the delivery tube is at least 5. Typically, after stent-graft 120 is positioned at the desired anatomical site, the sheath is withdrawn proximally, exposing stent-graft 120 and allowing the stent-graft to self-expand, or be expanded by plastic deformation using a balloon, into the radially-expanded state. The deployment may be performed using deployment techniques known in the art and/or described in any of the patent applications publications and patents incorporated hereinbelow by reference.
For some applications, such as shown in
For some applications, two or more branching stent-grafts, such as two branching stent-grafts 410A and 410B, are deployed through a portion main lumen 42 of main tube 40 and through first and second lateral lumens 62 and 162 of first and second lateral tubes 50 and 150, respectively, and into their respective arteries, so as to form respective blood-tight seals with first and second lateral tubes 50 and 150. For example, as shown in
As mentioned above, for some applications the stent-graft is shaped so as to define one or more additional lateral tubes 50. For these applications, one or more additional branching stent-grafts may be deployed into additional branching visceral arteries, such as, for the deployment shown in
The scope of the present invention includes embodiments described in the following patents and patent applications, which are assigned to the assignee of the present application and are incorporated herein by reference. In an embodiment, techniques and apparatus described in one or more of the following patent applications are combined with techniques and apparatus described herein. In particular, the stent-grafts described herein may be used as components of the stent-graft systems described in the following patent and patent applications, and deployed as described as described in the following patent and patent applications, mutatis mutandis.
It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to what has been particularly shown and described hereinabove. Rather, the scope of the present invention includes both combinations and subcombinations of the various features described hereinabove, as well as variations and modifications thereof that are not in the prior art, which would occur to persons skilled in the art upon reading the foregoing description.
The present application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 16/668,045, filed Oct. 30, 2019, now U.S. Pat. No. 11,419,742, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/105,106, filed Jun. 16, 2016, now U.S. Pat. No. 10,485,684, which is the US national stage of International Application PCT/IL2015/051221, filed Dec. 16, 2015, which claims priority from U.S. Provisional Application 62/093,497, filed Dec. 18, 2014, which is assigned to the assignee of the present application and is incorporated herein by reference.
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| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20220346987 A1 | Nov 2022 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 62093497 | Dec 2014 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 16668045 | Oct 2019 | US |
| Child | 17863595 | US | |
| Parent | 15105106 | US | |
| Child | 16668045 | US |
