Patent Grant
10101713
Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a technique for assisting an analysis of behaviors of an energy plant including supply facilities that supply energy such as electricity, gas, heat or the like, and a consumption facility that performs air-conditioning, uses steam, and drains or delivers water, or the like by consuming the energy.
Description of the Related Art
For example, as disclosed by Japanese Laid-open Patent Publication No. 2001-273006, a technique for simulating behaviors of a plant on the basis of characteristics and a system diagram of component devices of the plant, and for performing an energy analysis in the use of the plant that consumes energy when being operated is conventionally known.
According to the technique disclosed by Japanese Laid-open Patent Publication No. 2001-273006, device objects that define basic setting values of component devices of an energy plant are accumulated for an operation evaluation system of the energy plant the operations of which are evaluated. Then, plant system diagram using the device objects are drawn, and setting values of component devices of the plant, and a connection relationship between the devices are extracted from the drawn plant system diagram, and are converted into a plant model. The plant model is used as an indicator with which the plant is evaluated and optimally operated.
Additionally, for example, as disclosed by “Algorithms of Quantifier Elimination and their Applications-Optimization by Symbolic and Algebraic Methods”, H. Anai, K. Yokoyama, University of Tokyo Press, 2011, pp. 214-221, a technique for expressing a problem such as a system control, a circuit analysis or the like by using a first-order predicate logical expression, and for optimizing the system by solving the first-order predicate logical expression is also known.
Specifically, a first-order predicate logical expression is obtained with a combination of a quantifier represented as a universal quantifier (∀) or an existential quantifier (∃), and a logical expression obtained by merging multi-variable polynomial equations and inequalities with the use of a logic symbol represented as a product (∧) or a sum (∨). A variable bound with a quantifier among variables that appear in a logical expression is called a bound variable, while a variable that is not bound with a quantifier is called a free variable. A logical expression to be satisfied by free variables is derived by eliminating bound variables in a first-order predicate logical expression, so that the system is optimized.
For example, Japanese laid-open Patent Publication No. HEI11-328239 also discloses, as a known technique, a technique for performing a control system design and a control system analysis with the use of a quantifier elimination method. With this technique, a control system analysis/design apparatus formulates constraints of an input control problem into a linear matrix inequality (LMI) or a bilinear matrix inequality (BMI). Then, constraints, represented as an LMI or a BMI, of design specifications or the like are transformed into a constraint formed by ORing inequalities, so that a control system is converted into a first-order predicate logical expression. Then, the control system is analyzed on the basis of the expression from which variables assigned a quantifier are eliminated.
For example, as disclosed by “Visualization of Optimal Supply and Demand Balance by Quantifer Elimination Approach”, Y. Tange, S. Kiryu, T. Matsui, Y. Fukuyama, Society of Instrument and Control Engineers, Symposium on Measurement Automated Control Society Control Department, 13th ROMBUN No. 8C2-5, a technique for analyzing the energy of a plant is also known. With this technique, a first-order predicate logical expression is generated, and an energy analysis can be performed by solving the first-order predicate logical expression.
As described above, the technique for analyzing behaviors of a plant by generating a first-order predicate logical expression and by solving the expression with a quantifier elimination method is a known technique. However, operations for setting a first-order predicate logical expression are not easy in general unless a user is an expert. Namely, with this conventional technique, a user needs to write a target problem by using a first-order predicate logical expression, and to determine how to assign a quantifier to each variable. Accordingly, it is difficult for a user who has no expertise to use the method of analyzing behaviors of a plant by generating a first-order predicate logical expression and solving the expression, although this is helpful means for an analysis.
Additionally, there is a demand for evaluating a plant in each of various cases assumed when the plant is evaluated. Examples of such cases are where a comparison is made between a case where a facility is operated and a case where the facility is stopped, a comparison is made between a case where an operation state of a facility is fixed and a case where the operation state is varied, a comparison is made between a case where the capability of a facility is not changed and a case where the capability is changed, and a comparison is made between a case of the current operation state of a plant and a case of a predicted future state.
The present invention provides a technique for supporting various cases of plant evaluations of a user, and for easily performing an energy analysis based on a first-order predicate logical expression that is normally regarded as being difficult.
An energy analysis apparatus in one aspect of the present invention is an energy analysis apparatus that analyzes behaviors of a plant by using, as inputs, device models configuring the plant, and information indicating connection between the device models of the plant. The apparatus includes a processor coupled with a memory device and configured to execute instructions to provide:
A recording medium in another aspect of the present invention is a non-transitory recording medium on which a program is stored for causing an information processing device to execute an energy analysis process for analyzing behaviors of a plant by using, as inputs, device models configuring the plant, and connection between the device models of the plant. The program including:
An energy analysis apparatus in a further aspect of the present invention is an energy analysis apparatus for analyzing behaviors of a plant by using, as inputs, device models configuring the plant, and connection between the device models of the plant. The apparatus includes a processor coupled with a memory device and configured to execute instructions to provide:
A recording medium in a still further aspect of the present invention is a non-transitory recording medium on which a program is stored for causing an information processing device to execute an energy analysis process for analyzing behaviors of a plant by using, as inputs, device models configuring the plant, and connection between the device models of the plant. The program includes:
The present invention will be more apparent from the following detailed description when the accompanying drawings are referenced.
Embodiments according to the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the drawings.
The energy analysis apparatus of
The plant information input unit 1 accepts an input of information indicating device models that configure a plant, and an input of information indicating connection between the device models. In the following description, the information indicating device models that configure a plant and the information indicating connection between the device models are respectively referred to as “device information” and “connection information”. Details of the device information and the connection information will be described in detail with reference to
The quantifier information input unit 2 accepts inputs of quantifiers to be respectively assigned to variables included in the device information and the connection information, and inputs of information of various items of information about the quantifiers. In the following description, quantifiers and the information about the quantifiers, which are accepted by the quantifier information input unit 2, are referred to as “quantifier information”.
The storage device 3 stores the information accepted by the plant information input unit 1 and the quantifier information input unit 2.
The first-order predicate logical expression generation unit 4 generates a first-order predicate logical expression that represents behaviors of a plant on the basis of the device information, the connection information and the quantifier information, which are stored in the storage device 3. For explanatory purposes, how to specifically generate a first-order predicate logical expression will be described in detail later with reference to
On the basis of a configuration of a plant to be analyzed, a user inputs device information and connection information to the energy analysis apparatus 100 of
A configuration example of the plant to be analyzed is described with reference to
In the configuration example illustrated in
A method for accepting inputs of the above described device information, connection information and quantifier information of the plant having the configuration illustrated in
The device information input unit 13 and the connection information input unit 14 are provided so that a user can add, delete or change a device model and connection relationship to, from or in the storage device 3. The user registers device models illustrated in the configuration example of the plant illustrated in
The mathematical expression input unit 11 includes a mathematical expression input unit 11a for device information, and a mathematical expression input unit 11B for connection information. When the device information input unit 13 and the connection information input unit 14 have registered the device information and the connection information, the mathematical expression input unit 11A and the mathematical expression input unit 11B accept inputs of conditional expressions respectively included in the device information and the connection information.
How to accept an input of device information by means of the plant information input unit 1 is further described with reference to
This example is configured so that an addition of new device information can be accepted when the add button B1 is pressed after the number of input terminals “0”, the number of output terminals “3”, the number of state variables “1” and the number of conditional expressions “2” have been input in addition to the device name “energy1”, as illustrated in
Additionally, when device information that is already registered in the storage device 3 is deleted, a user inputs a device name desired to be deleted, and presses a “delete” button B2. The example of
For device information newly registered in the storage device 3 via the screen illustrated in
As illustrated in
In the example illustrated in
For the conditional expression, an expression “0=y1+y2+y3−x1” that represents a relationship among the variables y1 to y3 and x1, which have been set as described above, is accepted via the mathematical expression input unit 11A of
To improve operability, a user may be caused to input only a right side of a conditional expression, and to select a left side in a pull-down menu. When such a configuration is employed, “0≥” “0>”, “0=”, “0<”, “0≥” and “0≠” are prepared for the pull-down menu of the left side.
How to accept an input of connection information by means of the plant information input unit 1 is further described with reference to
The connection number is information for uniquely identifying connection information. As the connection source device name and the connection source terminal, a name of a device at a supply source of energy, and a variable indicating an output terminal are set. As the connection destination device name and the connection destination terminal, a name of a device at a supply destination of energy, and a variable indicating an input terminal are set.
For example, the output y1 of the gas supply facility (energy1) is connected to an input u1 of each of the three steam generation facilities (supply1 to supply3). The information of connection with the steam generation facility supply1 in a topmost stage is identified with a connection number “cnid1”, and “energy1” and “y1” are respectively set as the connection source device name and the connection source terminal. As the connection destination device name and the connection destination terminal, “supply1” and “u1” are set. As connection between other devices, a device name and (a variable indicating) a terminal of the plant configuration illustrated in
How to accept an input of quantifier information in the quantifier information input unit 2 illustrated in
As illustrated in
When the device information, the connection information and the quantifier information have been registered in the storage device 3 as described above, the first-order predicate logical expression generation unit 4 of the energy analysis apparatus 100 according to this embodiment generates a first-order predicate logical expression that represents behaviors of a plant by using information registered in the storage device 3. Operations of the first-order predicate logical expression generation unit 4 are described with reference to
Initially, in step S41, the first-order predicate logical expression generation unit 4 reads quantifier information from the storage device 3, and outputs an expression to which a selected quantifier is assigned. The output expression is used in step S50 to be described later.
Next, in step S42, the first-order predicate logical expression generation unit 4 reads device information from the storage device 3, and outputs a conditional expression of each component device from among the device information in step S45. In step S47, the first-order predicate logical expression generation unit 4 ANDs and outputs conditional expressions of component devices output in step S44.
In step S48, the first-order predicate logical expression generation unit 4 reads connection information from the storage device 3. Then, the first-order predicate logical expression generation unit 4 ANDs and outputs conditional expressions of connection information, which indicate connection between component devices.
In step S49, the first-order predicate logical expression generation unit 4 generates a logical expression Φ0 that represents the behaviors of the plant from the expression obtained in step S47 by ANDing the conditional expressions of the component devices, and the expression obtained in step S48 by ANDing the conditional expressions of the connection information indicating the connection between component devices.
Lastly, in step S50, the first-order predicate logical expression generation unit 4 generates and outputs a first-order predicate logical expression Ψ by merging the information about the quantifier, which is obtained in step S41, and the logical expression Φ0 obtained in step S49. Then, the process is terminated.
A known quantifier elimination algorithm is applied to a first-order predicate logical expression obtained in this way, so that quantifiers are eliminated, and a desired relational expression is obtained. The user uses this expression to perform an energy analysis.
For explanatory purposes, a specific example of the first-order predicate logical expression Ψ will be described in an explanation of a second embodiment with reference to
The flow of
As described above, with the energy analysis apparatus 100 according to this embodiment, a user sequentially inputs device information and connection information in accordance with a configuration of a plant, such as the configuration of the plant illustrated in
In the above described first embodiment, a state where the devices that configure the plant are continuously running or stopping is assumed, and a first-order predicate logical expression is generated by setting conditional expressions of device information in that state. An energy analysis apparatus according to a second embodiment differs from the above described first embodiment in that a first-order predicate logical expression can be generated by incorporating an operation state of each type of devices that configure a plant in a conditional expression.
A method with which the energy analysis apparatus according to this embodiment generates a first-order predicate logical expression is described in detail below by mainly referring to differences from the first embodiment. Configurations of the energy analysis apparatus 100 according to this embodiment and a plant to be analyzed are similar to those of the first embodiment, and are as illustrated in
Specifically, the running/stopping state input unit 12 of the device information input unit 13 accepts an input of a running/stopping state indicating how to operate each device. This example assumes that any of a continuously running state, a continuously stopping state, and a switchable state between the running state and the stopping state (hereinafter abbreviated to a switchable state) is set as a running/stopping state. The running/stopping state will be specifically described later with reference to
Also, the mathematical expression input unit 11A of the device information input unit 13 includes a mathematical expression input unit 11A-1 that accepts an input of a conditional expression in the running state, and a mathematical expression input unit 11A-2 that accepts an input of a conditional expression in the stopping state.
Other components are similar to those of the above described first embodiment, and are as described above with reference to
How to accept the above described running/stopping state in device information by means of the device information input unit 13 of the plant information input unit 1 is described in detail with reference to
The screen, illustrated in
A user selects “0: continuously stopping” on the screen when the stopping state is set for a device energy1. To set the running state and the switchable state, “1: continuously running” and “2: switchable” are selected respectively. In the example illustrated in
The second embodiment is similar to the above described first embodiment, except that the running/stopping state is made selectable, and is as described with reference to
Additionally, the screen illustrated in
When “2: switchable” is set as the running/stopping state, both the conditional expression of a running state and the conditional expression of a stopping state are set to “1: valid”. As illustrated in
The conditional expression set to “1: valid” in the device information is used to generate a first-order predicate logical expression, while a conditional expression set to “0: invalid” is not used. Accordingly, when an energy analysis is desired to be performed for various types of patterns (respectively for a pattern in which a device is continuously running, and a pattern in which the device is switchable), the need for registering device information respectively for the patterns becomes unnecessary. Namely, the validity/invalidity of a conditional expression is suitably changed in accordance with each pattern, so that a first-order predicate logical expression can be generated without newly registering device information, and an energy analysis can be performed.
In this embodiment, a method for inputting connection information and quantifier information is similar to that of the first embodiment, and is as described above with reference to
A first-order predicate logical expression generation method of the energy analysis apparatus 100 according to this embodiment is described next with reference to
The flow of operations according to the second embodiment differs from that of operations according to the first embodiment illustrated in
As described earlier with reference to
When the running/stopping state is set to “continuously stopping (stopping state)”, the process proceeds to step S44, in which the first-order predicate logical expression generation unit 4 outputs a “conditional expression of a stopping state” among the device information illustrated in
When the running/stopping state is set to “continuously running (running state)”, the process proceeds to step S45, in which the first-order predicate logical expression generation unit 4 outputs the “conditional expression of a running state” among the device information illustrated in
When the running/stopping state is set to “switchable (switchable state)”, the process proceeds to step S46, in which the first-order predicate logical expression generation unit 4 ORs the conditional expression of a stopping state and the conditional expression of a running state in the device information illustrated in
Process steps in and after step S47 are similar to those of
An expression (1) in the first-order predicate logical expression Ψ is based on the information output in step S41 of
Here, “energy1_y1”, “energy1_y2” and “energy1_y3” within the expression of
Expressions (2) and (3) are conditional expressions of the device information based on the information output in any of steps S44 to S46 of
Note that the running/stopping state of the gas supply facility energy1 is “continuously running” in both the first and the second embodiments. Accordingly, the conditional expression (2) only includes a conditional expression of a running state. Therefore, the conditional expression for the gas supply facility energy1 is similar to the expression (2) also in the first-order predicate logical expression Ψ generated in the above described first embodiment.
A running/stopping state in the device information of the steam generation facility supply3, which is represented by the conditional expression (3), is “switchable” as illustrated in
In
An expression (4) is a conditional expression for connection information based on the information output in step S48 of
The second embodiment is similar to the first embodiment in that an energy analysis can be performed on the basis of a relational expression obtained by applying a known quantifier elimination algorithm to an obtained first-order predicate logical expression Ψ.
As described above, with the energy analysis apparatus 100 according to this embodiment, a first-order predicate logical expression Ψ that includes, for example, both a case where a device is continuously running and a case where the device is continuously stopping for a plant in which the device can be running or stopping as represented by the expression (3) of
In the above described first and second embodiments, quantifier types that are set respectively for variables are equally handled to obtain a first-order predicate logical expression Ψ. This embodiment differs in that an elimination priority level is set for each quantifier, and quantifiers are eliminated in stages in accordance with elimination priority levels when the quantifiers are eliminated by using a known quantifier elimination algorithm.
A method with which an energy analysis apparatus according to this embodiment generates a first-order predicate logical expression is described in detail below by mainly referring to differences from the first and the second embodiments. Note that configurations of the energy analysis apparatus according to this embodiment and a plant to be analyzed are similar to those of the first embodiment, and are as illustrated in
Additionally, configurations of device information and connection information, and a method for inputting and setting the device information and the connection information are similar to those of the first and the second embodiments. Here, the third embodiment is described by taking, as an example, a case where device information including a running/stopping state can be set according to the second embodiment.
The first and the second embodiments are similar in that quantifiers are eliminated from a first-order predicate logical expression Ψ by using a known quantifier elimination algorithm. Accordingly, it is evident that the energy analysis apparatuses 100 according to the first and the second embodiments also include a quantifier elimination unit. However, this embodiment is characterized by a method for eliminating a quantifier. Therefore, the quantifier elimination unit is illustrated in
The quantifier information input unit 2 accepts an input of an elimination priority for each quantifier (a quantifier type in the quantifier type information illustrated in
The quantifier elimination unit 5 solves the first-order predicate logical expression by using the quantifier elimination algorithm. Specifically, the quantifier elimination unit 5 obtains a logical expression Φn by eliminating quantifiers from the first-order predicate logical expression Ψn generated by the first-order predicate logical expression generation unit 4, and gives the obtained logical expression Φn to the first-order predicate logical expression generation unit 4.
Upon receipt of the logical expression Φn from the quantifier elimination unit 5, the first-order predicate logical expression generation unit 4 generates a mathematical expression that represents information about a quantifier having the second highest priority next to the quantifier having the highest priority used to generate the expression Ψn, and generates a first-order predicate logical expression Ψn+1 on the basis of the generated expression. The quantifier elimination unit 5 solves the first-order predicate logical expression Ψn+1, and gives the obtained Φn+1 to the first-order predicate logical expression generation unit 4. Thereafter, the first-order predicate logical expression generation unit 4 and the quantifier elimination unit 5 repeat the similar process steps until all the quantifiers are eliminated.
A method for assigning a quantifier to a first-order predicate logical expression and a method for eliminating a quantifier, which are executed by the energy analysis apparatus 100 according to this embodiment, are specifically described with reference to examples illustrated in
As illustrated in
A user sets an elimination priority of a quantifier for each variable by selecting a desired elimination priority, for example, in a pull-down menu on a screen illustrated in
The first-order predicate logical expression generation unit 4 according to this embodiment references the elimination priorities of quantifier information illustrated in
As illustrated in
The quantifier elimination unit 5 obtains a logical expression Φ1 equivalent to Ψ1 by eliminating the quantifier having the highest elimination priority 1 (highest) from the first-order predicate logical expression Ψ1. In the logical expression Φ1, only the quantifier having the highest elimination priority (highest) is eliminated.
Next, the first-order predicate logical expression generation unit 4 generates and outputs information for assigning a quantifier for a variable having an elimination priority set to “2: second highest” in the quantifier information of
The quantifier elimination unit 5 obtains a logical expression Φ2 equivalent to Ψ2 by eliminating the quantifier having the elimination priority 2 (second highest) from the first-order predicate logical expression Ψ2 given by the first-order predicate logical expression generation unit 4. In the logical expression Φ2, the quantifiers having the elimination priority 1 (highest) and the elimination priority 2 (second highest) are eliminated.
Thereafter, the first-order predicate logical expression generation unit 4 similarly generates information (see
As described above, with the energy analysis apparatus 100 according to this embodiment, elimination priorities of quantifiers are set when quantifier information is input, and quantifiers are eliminated in stages in accordance with the elimination priorities. When the quantifier elimination unit 5 performs a computation for eliminating quantifiers by using a quantifier elimination algorithm, the total amount of time needed for the computation is normally expected to be reduced if the number of quantifiers to be eliminated is smaller. Moreover, used memory space can be reduced if the number of quantifiers to be eliminated in one computation is smaller when the quantifiers are eliminated from a first-order predicate logical expression Ψ.
Furthermore, when the energy analysis apparatus 100 is configured so that a user can verify mathematical expressions by outputting expressions Ψn and Φn, which are results of the computation performed by the first-order predicate logical expression generation unit 4 and the quantifier elimination unit 5, to the display means such as a monitor or the like, it is also expected to improve visibility for the user. Namely, by employing the method for eliminating quantifiers in stages in accordance with elimination priorities, the number of variables included in an expression in each stage becomes smaller than in a case where all the quantifiers are eliminated at one time. This enables a user to easily grasp content of the first-order predicate logical expression Ψn and the like.
As for the method for deciding elimination priorities of respective quantifiers, it is expected that the total amount of time needed for a computation can be reduced by relatively setting, to a higher level, a priority of a variable related to an output, and by relatively setting, to a lower level, a priority of a state variable.
In the above described first to third embodiments, a user inputs device information and connection information while referencing a drawing or the like in which the plant configuration of
How to accept inputs of device information and connection information in the energy analysis apparatus according to this embodiment is described in detail by mainly referring to differences from the above described first to third embodiments. Configurations of the energy analysis apparatus 100 according to this embodiment and a plant to be analyzed are similar to those of the first to the third embodiments, and are as illustrated in
Here, as represented by the screen SC1 of
A user operates a pointing device such as a mouse or the like to arrange an icon or the like that indicates a facility equivalent to the device information 21 at a position where the user desires to add the device information 22 on the screen SC1 of
Similarly, upon recognizing that the user has moved the pointer P to the position of certain device information on the screen SC1 and has selected the menu option “delete” in the menu M displayed, for example, by right-clicking the pointing device, the plant information input unit 1 deletes the corresponding device information from the storage device 3.
Upon recognizing that the user has moved the pointer P to the position of certain device information on the screen SC1 and has selected the menu option “change” in the displayed menu M, the plant information input unit 1 displays, for example, the screen illustrated in
According to this embodiment, details of device information (such as variable names and a conditional expression), and connection information can be set while grasping a plant configuration. This is described with reference to
On a screen SC2 illustrated in
A user sets variables and a conditional expression of device information by pressing a button corresponding to a desired device. For example, when the user desires to set details of device information of a generator G3 (Generator3), he or she presses the button b3. Then, a screen, illustrated in
Additionally, when the user selects a running/stopping state via the pull-down menu, the running/stopping state is set in the device information. For example, a state selected from among “continuously running”, “continuously stopping” and “switchable” is set as the running/stopping state via the pull-down menu m3 in the vicinity of the square that represents the generator G3 (Generator3).
Note that a connection state can also be input, for example, via the screen illustrated in
Note that a method for inputting quantifier information is similar to that of the above described first to third embodiments.
As described above, with the energy analysis apparatus 100 according to this embodiment, a diagram that represents a plant configuration is displayed on the screen of display means such as a monitor or the like. A user can input device information and the like while visually grasping the plant configuration. This can effectively prevent input errors, and a user can more easily and simply use the method for eliminating quantifiers from a first-order predicate logical expression Ψ by using a quantifier elimination algorithm, and for performing an energy analysis on the basis of an obtained relational expression.
This embodiment differs from the above described first to fourth embodiments in that an analysis condition can also be input as information that a user inputs to the energy analysis apparatus in addition to information items referred to in the first to fourth embodiments. The energy analysis apparatus executes a first-order predicate logical expression generation process in accordance with an analysis condition, and a logical expression obtainment process by applying a quantifier elimination algorithm to a first-order predicate logical expression.
The energy analysis apparatus according to this embodiment is described in detail below with reference to the drawings.
The energy analysis apparatus 100 illustrated in
The plant information input unit 1 accepts an input of information indicating device models that configure the plant, and an input of connection between the device models. Similarly to the first to the fourth embodiments, the information indicating the device models that configure the plant, and the information indicating the connection between the device models are respectively referred to as “device information” and “connection information” in the following description.
The analysis condition input unit 2′ accepts an input of analysis condition information indicating in which condition the plant is to be analyzed. The analysis condition information of the plant is a condition assigned when the energy analysis apparatus 100 processes a first-order predicate logical expression. Namely, with the analysis condition information, a first-order predicate logical expression generated by the energy analysis apparatus 100, a variable to be eliminated from a first-order predicate logical expression, and for which variable a logical expression is to be obtained by applying quantifier elimination to a first-order predicate logical expression are decided. Specific analysis condition information will be described later.
The storage device 3 stores information accepted by the plant information input unit 1 and the analysis condition input unit 2′.
The first-order predicate logical expression generation unit 4 generates a first-order predicate logical expression that represents behaviors of a plant on the basis of device information, connection information and analysis condition information, which are stored in the storage device 3. For explanatory purposes, how to generate a first-order predicate logical expression will be described in detail later with reference to
The quantifier elimination unit 5 generates an equivalent logical expression that does not include quantifiers by applying a quantifier elimination algorithm to the first-order predicate logical expression generated by the first-order predicate logical expression generation unit 4.
The visualization unit 6 generates an image including a graph generated from the logical expression generated by the quantifier elimination unit 5.
A configuration example of the plant to be analyzed is described with reference to
Namely, in the configuration example illustrated in
Each of the component devices includes any of input terminals (u1 to u3) and/or any of output terminals (y1 to y3).
As illustrated in
Additionally, efficiencies of the steam generation facilities, namely, gradients of straight lines that respectively indicate a relationship between the steam generation and the gas consumption are different in
Inputs of device information, connection information and analysis condition information, which are accepted by the energy analysis apparatus 100 illustrated in
As illustrated in
Specifically, the plant information input unit 1 accepts inputs of three output variables “y1”, “y2” and “y3”, and a state variable “x1” for the gas supply facility (having the device name “energy1”) via the input screen of
The steam supply facility (having the device name “supply3”) of
In the example illustrated in
As the conditional expressions in a running state of
The plant information input unit 1 accepts an input of information indicating connection relationships between devices that configure the plant.
The connection information illustrated in
As illustrated in
In this embodiment, a plurality of pieces of analysis condition information can be also preregistered. In the example illustrated in
How to generate a first-order predicate logical expression by means of the first-order predicate logical expression generation unit 4 of
The flow of operations of the first-order predicate logical expression generation unit 4 in this embodiment is described by comparing it with the flow of operations according to the first embodiment illustrated in
As described above in the explanation of
In step S112, an additional conditional expression generation unit 42 of the first-order predicate logical expression generation unit 4 generates and outputs information Φc,i. The information Φc,i is configured with a conditional expression to be added to a first-order predicate logical expression in accordance with an analysis condition i, and the additional conditional expression generation unit 42 generates information Φc,i in accordance with the analysis condition i. Operations of the additional conditional expression generation unit 42 will be described in detail later with reference to
In step S113, the first-order predicate logical expression generation unit 4 executes a process similar to step S42 of
Then, in step S114, a device conditional expression generation unit 43 of the first-order predicate logical expression generation unit 4 generates and outputs a conditional expression Mi,j of a device j in accordance with the analysis condition i. In step S115, the first-order predicate logical expression generation unit 4 ANDs and outputs conditional expressions Mi,j generated in step S114. Operations of the device conditional expression generation unit 43 will be described in detail with reference to
In step S116, the first-order predicate logical expression generation unit 4 executes a process similar to step S48 of
In step S117, the first-order predicate logical expression generation unit 4 executes a process similar to step S49 of
In step S118, the first-order predicate logical expression generation unit 4 generates and outputs a first-order predicate logical expression Ψ_i by merging the information Qi for assigning a quantifier, which is generated in step S111, the logical expression Φ0, i generated in step S117, and the additional conditional expression Φc,i generated in step S112. In this way, the first-order predicate logical expression Ψ_i corresponding to an analysis condition i is obtained.
As evaluation axes set as analysis condition information, two axes such as x and y axes are set in this embodiment. Operations of the energy analysis apparatus 100 when the two axes such as x and y axes are set as evaluation axes are specifically described below.
As illustrated in
Initially, in step S121, the quantifier information generation unit 41 generates a set varA of all the variables included in device information and connection information. Then, in step S122, the quantifier information generation unit 41 initializes an index i used to identify an analysis condition registered in the storage device 3, and sets the value of the index i to “1”.
In step S123, the quantifier information generation unit 41 determines whether the value of the index i is larger than the number of analysis conditions registered in the storage device 3. When the value of the index i is equal to or smaller than the number of registered analysis conditions, the process is moved to step S124. When the value of the index i is larger than the number of registered analysis conditions, the process is terminated.
In step S124, the quantifier information generation unit 41 generates a set varBi of variables designated as variables of the x and the y axes, which are evaluation axes in the analysis condition i corresponding to the index i. In the example illustrated in
In step S125, the quantifier information generation unit 41 generates a set varCi of variables, which are not included in the set varBi generated in step S124, within the set varA generated in step S121.
Then, in step S126, the quantifier information generation unit 41 generates information Qi for assigning a quantifier, which is obtained by assigning an existential quantifier) to a variable included in the set varCi generated in step S125. The information Qi for assigning a quantifier, which is generated here, is represented as follows.
Qi=∃v1,∃v2, . . . ∃vn(v1,v2, . . . vn∈varCi)
In step S127, the quantifier information generation unit 41 outputs the information generated in step S126, namely, the information Qi for assigning a quantifier for each variable in accordance with the analysis condition i.
In step S128, the quantifier information generation unit 41 increments the index i by 1, and the process returns to step S123. Thereafter, the quantifier information generation unit 41 repeats process steps similar to the above described ones. When the quantifier information generation unit 41 determines that the value of the index i has become larger than the number of registered analysis conditions in step S123, the process is terminated by recognizing that the information Qi for assigning a quantifier for all the registered analysis conditions i has been generated and output.
An expression (5) in the first-order predicate logical expression Ψ_1 illustrated in
Expressions (6) and (7) are conditional expressions M1,1 and M1,2 of devices, which are output in step S115 of
In
An expression (8) is a conditional expression for connection information based on information output in step S116 of
In the analysis conditions of
Here, an explanation of details of the logical expression Φ_1 is omitted. The logical expression Φ_1 obtained by applying a known quantifier elimination algorithm to the first-order predicate logical expression Ψ_1 represents a logical expression to be satisfied by the variables demand1_x1 and energy1_x1. The two variables demand1_x1 and energy1_x1 are variables respectively set for the x axis and the y axis, which are evaluation axes, in the analysis condition i=1 as described earlier with reference to
As described above, the energy analysis apparatus 100 according to this embodiment generates first-order predicate logical expressions of a number equal to that of analysis conditions by executing the above described process steps for all the pieces of analysis condition information registered in the storage device 3. By applying a quantifier elimination algorithm respectively to the generated first-order predicate logical expressions Ψ, logical expressions Φ of a number equal to that of analysis conditions can be obtained. When a user identifies a specified analysis condition, the visualization unit 6 of the energy analysis apparatus 100 displays, on the display means such as a monitor or the like, a graph obtained by visualizing a logical expression Φ that corresponds to the analysis condition.
In the graph within the image illustrated in
As described above, with the energy analysis apparatus 100 according to this embodiment, two axes, which are evaluation axes, are preset as an analysis condition. At this time, two variables among variables included in device information are set respectively for the two axes. A first-order predicate logical expression Ψ is generated in accordance with this analysis condition and a quantifier elimination algorithm is applied to the logical expression Ψ, so that a logical expression Φ satisfied by the two variables that are respectively set for the evaluation axes as an analysis condition is obtained. As described above, the energy analysis apparatus 100 according to this embodiment can support various cases of plant evaluations of a user by setting a suitable analysis condition, and can easily perform an energy analysis based on a first-order predicate logical expression that is normally regarded as being difficult.
Additionally, the energy analysis apparatus 100 can obtain a logical expression Φ by applying a quantifier elimination algorithm to a generated first-order predicate logical expression Ψ, and can also generate, output and display a graph on the basis of the logical expression Φ. Thus, results obtained by analyzing a plant can be visualized in accordance with a plant evaluation case set by a user, and a generated image can also be provided to the user.
In the above described fifth embodiment, evaluation axes are set as an analysis condition. Then, a logical expression Φ for variables set for the evaluation axes is obtained by applying a quantifier elimination algorithm to a first-order predicate logical expression in accordance with the analysis condition. In this embodiment, a running/stopping state of a device is further registered as an analysis condition in addition to the evaluation axes. A first-order predicate logical expression is generated in accordance with the running/stopping state of a device included in the analysis condition, and a logical expression Φ is obtained by applying a quantifier elimination algorithm to the first-order predicate logical expression, so that a logical expression Φ according to the running/stopping state of the device is obtained.
An energy analysis apparatus 100 according to this embodiment is described below by mainly referring to differences from the above described fifth embodiment. Configurations of the energy analysis apparatus 100 and a plant to be analyzed are similar to those of the fifth embodiment, and are as described above with reference to
As illustrated in
As running/stopping states of devices, those of the steam generation facilities supply1 to supply3 among the devices that configure the plant are set. Specifically, the running/stopping states of supply3, supply2 and supply1 are respectively set to “running”, “stopping”, and “running or stopping (switchable between running and stopping)”. Accordingly, an analysis using the condition 2 is equivalent to an analysis of the state of the plant when any of “running”, “stopping” and “running or stopping” is selectable as running/stopping states of particular devices, the devices supply1 to supply3 of
The example illustrated in
Initially, in step S131, the device conditional expression generation unit 43 initializes the index i. This process is similar to step S122 of
In step S133, the device conditional expression generation unit 43 initializes an index j, and sets the value of the index j to “1”. In this embodiment, the index j is used to identify a device registered as device information in the storage device 3.
In step S134, the device conditional expression generation unit 43 determines whether the value of the index j is larger than the number of devices registered as device information in the analysis condition i. When the value of the index j is equal to or smaller than the number of devices, the process is moved to step S135. Alternatively, when the value of the index j is larger than the number of devices, the process is moved to step S142.
In step S135, the device conditional expression generation unit 43 obtains a mathematical expression of a running state and a mathematical expression of a stopping state from among the device information of the jth device. Then, in step S136, the device conditional expression generation unit 43 determines a designated running/stopping state of the jth device in the analysis condition i. When the running/stopping state of the jth device is set to “running” in the analysis condition i, the process is moved to step S137. When the running/stopping state is set to “stopping”, the process is moved to step S138. Alternatively, when the running/stopping state is set to “running or stopping”, the process is moved to step S139.
When an analysis condition is not particularly set in the analysis condition i for the jth device in step S136, the process is moved to any of steps S137 to S139 in accordance with a setting of a running/stopping state included in the device information.
In step S137, the device conditional expression generation unit 43 recognizes the mathematical expression of a running state as an expression Mi,j among mathematical expressions obtained in step S135, and the process proceeds to step S140. Here, “expression Mi,j” represents a conditional expression for the jth device in the analysis condition i.
In step S138, the device conditional expression generation unit 32 sets the mathematical expression of a stopping state as an expression Mi,j among the mathematical expressions obtained in step S135, and the process proceeds to step S140. In step S139, the device conditional expression generation unit 43 ORs the mathematical expression of a running state and the mathematical expression of a stopping state, and defines an ORed result as an expression Mi,j. Then, the process proceeds to step S140.
In step S140, the device conditional expression generation unit 43 outputs the expression Mi,j generated in any of steps S137 to S139 as a conditional expression for the jth device in the analysis condition i. In step S141, the device conditional expression generation unit 43 increments the index j by 1, and the process returns to step S134. Thereafter, the device conditional expression generation unit 43 repeats process steps similar to the above described ones. When the device conditional expression generation unit 43 has generated and output conditional expressions Mi,j for all the devices (when the value of the index j becomes larger than the number of devices registered as device information), the process is moved from step S134 to step S142.
In step S142, the device conditional expression generation unit 43 increments the index i by 1, and the process returns to step S132. Process steps in and after step S132 are as described above. The device conditional expression generation unit 43 repeats process steps similar to the above described ones. When the device conditional expression generation unit 43 has generated and output conditional expressions Mi,j for all the analysis conditions i registered in the storage device 3, namely, when the value of the index i becomes larger than the number of analysis conditions, the process is terminated.
Expressions (10) to (12) in the first-order predicate logical expression Ψ_2 illustrated in
As described earlier with reference to
Also, a conditional expression (13) for connection information is generated with a method similar to that for generating the expression (8) of
As described above, with the energy analysis apparatus 100 according to this embodiment, effects similar to those of the fifth embodiment can be achieved. Moreover, in the energy analysis apparatus 100 according to this embodiment, running/stopping states of devices are included as an analysis condition in addition to evaluation axes. As a result, an energy analysis based on a first-order predicate logical expression Ψ when a specified device that configures a plant is set to a particular operation state (running, stopping, or switchable between running and stopping), or set to a use state (used, unused, or switchable between used and unused) can be easily performed.
In the above described sixth embodiment, the running/stopping states of the devices are set as an analysis condition in addition to the evaluation axes. In this embodiment, a specified variable, and a specific numeric value to be substituted for the specified variable are set as an analysis condition in addition to the evaluation axes.
The energy analysis apparatus 100 according to this embodiment is described below by mainly referring to differences from the above described fifth embodiment. Configurations of the energy analysis apparatus 100 and a plant to be analyzed are similar to those of the fifth embodiment, and are as illustrated in
As illustrated in
In the condition 3, a specified variable and a value of the variable are specifically designated among variables set as the device information. In
In the following description, a variable having a value designated in analysis condition information is referred to as a “substituted variable”.
Initially, steps S151 and S152 are similar to steps S131 and S132 of
In step S153, the additional conditional expression generation unit 42 sets an additional conditional expression Φc,i to “True”. The “conditional expression Φc,i” is a conditional expression that is generated in accordance with an analysis condition i, and is added to a first-order predicate logical expression Ψ_i. The conditional expression Φc,i is added to the first-order predicate logical expression Ψ_i in addition to information Qi for assigning a quantifier, a conditional expression Mi,j for each device j, and a conditional expression for connection information.
In step S154, the additional conditional expression generation unit 42 generates a set varDi of variables designated as substituted variables in an analysis condition i. Then, in step S155, after the index j is initialized to 1, the process is moved to step S156. In this embodiment, the index j is used to identify a substituted variable set in the analysis condition i. Here, (the number of substituted variables)=(the number of variables included in the set varDi).
In step S156, the additional conditional expression generation unit 42 determines whether the value of index j is larger than the number of variables included in the set varDi. When the value of the index j is equal to or smaller than the number of variables included in the set varDi, the process is moved to step S158.
In step S158, the additional conditional expression generation unit 42 generates, for a value vj corresponding to a jth variable aj among the variables included in the set varDi, a logical expression “aj=vj” representing that the value vj is substituted for the variable aj. Then, in step S159, the additional conditional expression generation unit 42 ANDs the logical expression “aj=vj” generated in step S158 and the above described additional conditional expression Φc,i.
Φc,i:=Φc,I And (aj=vj)
In step S160, the additional conditional expression generation unit 42 increments the index j by 1, and the process returns to step S156. Thereafter, the additional conditional expression generation unit 42 repeats process steps similar to the above described ones, and ANDs the logical expression aj=vj, in which the value vj is substituted for the substituted variable aj, and the additional conditional expression Φc,i. When logical expressions for substituting values for all the substituted variables have been added, namely, when the value of the index j becomes larger than the number of variables included in the set varDi, the process is moved from step S156 to step S157.
In step S157, the additional conditional expression generation unit 42 increments the index i by 1, and the process returns to the determination of step S152. When the process for generating the additional conditional expression Φc,i has been completed for all the analysis conditions i (when the value of the index i becomes larger than the number of analysis conditions registered in the storage device 3), the process is terminated.
An expression (18) in the first-order predicate logical expression Ψ_3 illustrated in
Also in this embodiment, similarly to the above described sixth embodiment, information Q3 (14) for assigning a quantifier, conditional expressions M3,j for devices (15) and (16), and a conditional expression for connection information (17) are generated with a method similar to that of the fifth embodiment.
Similarly to the graphs illustrated in
The above description refers to the case where the analysis condition information includes the evaluation axes, the substituted variables and the values of the substituted variables. However, the analysis condition information is not limited to this. The analysis condition information may further include, for example, information that indicates operation states of devices and has been described in the sixth embodiment.
As described above, with the energy analysis apparatus 100 according to this embodiment, effects similar to those of the fifth and the sixth embodiments can be achieved. Moreover, in the energy analysis apparatus 100 according to this embodiment, analysis information includes, as an analysis condition, a specified variable and a value to be substituted for the specified variable in addition to evaluation axes. Thus, an energy analysis based on a first-order predicate logical expression Ψ, for example, when an input or an output of a specified device that configures a plant has a fixed value can be easily performed.
In the above described fifth to seventh embodiments, the visualization unit 6 of
According to this embodiment, when two analysis conditions are designated by a user or the like, logical expressions Φ that respectively correspond to the analysis conditions are obtained with the method described in the above fifth to seventh embodiments. Then, graphs that respectively represent areas satisfied by the logical expressions Φ are simultaneously displayed in one image.
As represented by the three graphs illustrated in
As described above, according to this embodiment, for example, graphs that respectively correspond to different analysis conditions i (i=1, 2, 3 in the example of
Additionally,
In the above described fifth to eighth embodiments, a first-order predicate logical expression Ψ is generated on the basis of an analysis condition preregistered in the storage device 3, a logical expression Φ is obtained by applying a quantifier elimination algorithm to the generated first-order predicate logical expression Ψ, and the obtained logical expression Φ is visualized. In this embodiment, an analysis condition according to an operation state of an actual plant is set, a first-order predicate logical expression is recalculated by using the analysis condition, quantifiers are eliminated, and an obtained logical expression is visualized.
As illustrated in
The measurement devices #1, . . . , #N obtain, from each device, information such as an operation state of the device that configures the plant, and an input value and an output value or the like of the device. The above described operation state indicates any of “running”, “stopping” and “switchable between running and stopping”. The information collection device 50 collects information obtained by the measurement devices #1, . . . , #N via the network 60, and stores the collected operation states and input and output values and the like of the devices in a plant operation information storage device 130. The information stored in the plant operation information storage device 130 is input to the energy analysis apparatus 100.
The energy analysis apparatus 100 illustrated in
Upon recognition of a specified trigger, the analysis condition automatic input unit sets analysis condition information on the basis of information input by the plant operation information storage device 130. Thus, an analysis using an analysis condition according to the operation state of an actual plant can be performed. Examples of the specified trigger include a specified operation performed by a user, a specified duration or time, or a signal from a specified outside and the like.
As described above in the fifth embodiment, in the energy analysis apparatus 100, analysis condition information is preregistered in the storage device 3, and a first-order predicate logical expression Ψ is generated on the basis of the registered analysis condition information. Then, a logical expression Φ is obtained by applying a quantifier elimination algorithm to the generated first-order predicate logical expression Ψ, and the obtained expression is visualized.
When an analysis condition is newly set by the analysis condition automatic input unit, the energy analysis apparatus 100 according to this embodiment recalculates a first-order predicate logical expression Ψ on the basis of the analysis condition, obtains a logical expression Φ by eliminating quantifiers from the first-order predicate logical expression Ψ, and visualizes the obtained expression. Specifically, the energy analysis apparatus 100 executes the flows of operations illustrated in
As described above, the energy analysis apparatus 100 is configured so that a first-order predicate logical expression and quantifier elimination can be recalculated for an analysis condition set in accordance with an operation state of an actual plant, and an obtained logical expression can be visualized. As a result, a suitable analysis according to the operation state of the actual plant can be performed.
In the above described embodiments, a user inputs device information, connection information and analysis condition information while referencing the drawing in which the plant configuration of
How to accept inputs of device information, connection information and analysis condition information by means of the energy analysis apparatus 100 according to this embodiment is described in detail below. Configurations of the energy analysis apparatus 100 according to this embodiment and a plant to be analyzed are similar to those of the above described fifth to ninth embodiments, and are as illustrated in
A user arranges an icon or the like that represents a facility similar to the device information 21 at a position where the user desires to add the device information 22 on the screen SC1 of
Similarly, upon recognizing that the user has moved the pointer P to the position of certain device information on the screen SC1 and has selected the menu option “delete” in the menu M displayed, for example, by right-clicking the pointing device, the plant information input unit 1 deletes the corresponding device information from the storage device 3.
Upon recognizing that the user has moved the pointer P to the position of certain device information on the screen SC1 and has selected the menu option “change” in the displayed menu M, the plant information input unit 1 displays, for example, the screen illustrated in
As described above, evaluation axes and variables displayed for the axes are set in analysis condition information, and a running/stopping state, a substituted variable value and a value of the substituted variable are sometimes set. A user can set analysis condition information while referencing variables and a running/stopping state, which are registered as device information, via the screen SC1.
As described above, with the energy analysis apparatus 100 according to this embodiment, a diagram that represents a plant configuration is displayed on the screen of display means such as a monitor or the like. A user can input device information, connection information and analysis condition information while visually grasping the plant configuration. As a result, input errors can be effectively prevented, and the user can more easily and simply use the above described energy analysis process.
The energy analysis apparatus 100 according to this embodiment may be also configured so that “quantifier information” making an association between each of variables included in device information and a type of a quantifier to be assigned can be input, for example, as in the first to fourth embodiments.
As described above in the explanation of the fifth embodiment, the quantifier information generation unit 41 of the energy analysis apparatus 100 generates information Qi for assigning a quantifier on the basis of a variable set for an evaluation axis in an analysis condition i. However, the method of generating information Qi for assigning a quantifier is not limited to that described in the fifth embodiment. Namely, which variable among variables registered as device information is set for an evaluation axis can also be determined on the basis of information input, for example, via the screen illustrated in
As described above, also, by referencing quantifier information input with the method described in the first to the fourth embodiments, information Qi for assigning a quantifier can be generated similarly to the fifth to the ninth embodiments. Accordingly, also, when a configuration in which the above described first to fourth embodiments are incorporated in the fifth to ninth embodiments is employed, an analysis similar to that of the fifth to the ninth embodiments can be performed, whereby similar effects can be achieved.
The energy analysis apparatus 100 illustrated in
The memory 1002 includes, for example, a ROM (read only memory), a RAM (random access memory) and the like, and stores a program and data that are used for processes. The CPU 1001 executes needed processes by executing the program with the use of the memory 1002.
The storage device 3 illustrated in
The input device 1003 is, for example, a keyboard, a pointing device, a touch panel or the like, and is used to input an instruction or information from a user. The output device 1004 is, for example, a display, a printer, a speaker or the like, and is used to output a process result and the like.
The external storage device 1005 is, for example, a magnetic disk device, an optical disk device, a magneto-optical disk device, a tape device or the like. The information processing device stores the above described program and data in the external storage device 1005, and uses the program and the data by loading them into the memory 1002 when needed.
The medium driving device 1006 drives a portable recording medium 1009, and accesses content recorded on the medium 1009. The portable recording medium 1009 is an arbitrary computer-readable recording medium such as a memory card, a flexible disk, a CD-ROM (compact disk read only memory), an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk or the like. A user stores the above described program and data onto the recording medium 1009, and uses the program and the data by loading them into the memory 1002 when needed.
The network connection device 1007 is connected to an arbitrary communication network such as a LAN (local area network), the Internet or the like, and performs a data conversion accompanying a communication. The information processing device receives the above described program and data from an external device via the network connection device 1007, and uses the program and the data by loading them into the memory 1002 when needed.
The present invention can support various cases of plant evaluations of a user, and an energy analysis based on a first-order predicate logical expression that is generally regarded as being difficult can be easily performed.
The present invention is not limited to the above described embodiments, and can be embodied by modifying components within a scope that does not depart from the gist of the present invention in a practical phase. Moreover, various inventions can be formed by suitably combining the plurality of components disclosed in the above described embodiments. For example, all the components referred to in the embodiment may be suitably combined. Additionally, the components in the different embodiments may be suitably combined. Such various modifications and applications can be performed within a scope that does not depart from the gist of the present invention, as a matter of course.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2014-016170 | Jan 2014 | JP | national |
This application is based upon and claims the benefit of priority of the prior Japanese Patent Application No. 2014-016170, filed on Jan. 30, 2014, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. This is a Continuation application of PCT Application No. PCT/JP2015/051767, filed on Jan. 23, 2015, which was not published under PCT Article 21(2) in English.
| Number | Name | Date | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 7774173 | Orii | Aug 2010 | B2 |
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| H11-328239 | Nov 1999 | JP |
| 2001-273006 | Oct 2001 | JP |
| 2004-038618 | Feb 2004 | JP |
| WO 2014129470 | Aug 2014 | JP |
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| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20160161926 A1 | Jun 2016 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | PCT/JP2015/051767 | Jan 2015 | US |
| Child | 15043498 | US |
