The present disclosure relates to an energy and data distribution system that includes at least one monitoring and supply unit connected via a cable connected to at least one power control and communications unit, arranged particularly in areas difficult to access, such as on the seafloor, in which the power control and communications unit is connected to a number of on-site control means, each of which being assigned at least to a conveying assembly for oil and gas extraction having respective means such as valves, throttles, BOPs and the like.
The monitoring and supply unit is usually arranged onshore or above sea level. From this unit a transfer of energy and signals or data is implemented via the respective cable connection to the power control and communications unit. There, an adaptation of the energy usually takes place, particularly with respect to voltage and/or current for each of the subordinate on-site control means. Such a conversion for instance comprises a transformation of the voltage to other values.
The respective on-site control means is connected to the power control and communications unit to also transmit energy and data/signals. The on-site control means serves for supplying and monitoring the respective conveying assembly (tree) with the respective units. Such units, such as valves, throttles, BOPs and the like usually comprise associated actuators that are electrically operable to adjust the respective unit by means of on-site control means.
The basic arrangements of different units of such a system are shown in
b and 1c show energy and data distribution systems 1 that differ from the system according to
The known energy and data distribution systems are already suitable for larger oil or natural gas fields, wherein particularly in the embodiments according to
However, a plurality of units or devices are still required and separate distribution points or additional supply units must partly be provided. Furthermore, an expandability is difficult or even impossible.
Thus, the present disclosure may improve upon an energy and data distribution system of the above-mentioned kind in that an expandability is possible in a simple and very flexible manner and at the same time a respective supply of a plurality of trees is also possible over larger distances.
The energy and data distribution system according to the present disclosure is particularly characterized in that a number of power control and communications units in a network are each connected to at least one further power control and communications unit via one node associated to the respective power control and communications unit, and at least one power control and communications unit or a node of the network is connected to the monitoring and supply unit via the cable connections.
Such a network is composed of a plurality of elements, see power control and communication units, the nodes, which are connected to one another by means of connections (edges). These connections are formed by respective connection lines. A closed combination composed of such edges and nodes is designated as mesh. At least one power control and communication unit is associated to each of the nodes, with a number of on-site control means being supplied by the power control and communications unit. The nodes can be realized by a terminal or the like of the power control and communication unit to which a cable for power and/or data transmission may be connected as a corresponding connection line. The node may also be some distribution box, to which at least one power control and communication unit can be connected.
The network structure leads to a simple expandability and the energy and data distribution system according to the present disclosure is very flexible and can be adapted at relatively low cost to various numbers of conveying assemblies and the like. Particularly in the case of larger oil and natural gas fields, significant advantages may result, as the amount of connection lines is relatively small and each possible oil and natural gas field can optimally be supplied with assemblies.
The adaptability of the network particularly also results from the fact that the power control and communications unit can be connected in parallel and/or serial in the network.
In order to be able to connect in a simple manner each power control and communications unit with respective connection lines, this unit can comprise a power/signal plug connection means as a terminal or the like. This enables in a simple manner respective connections between the node and the power control and communications unit and also between the power control and communications unit and on-site control means or between several power control and communications units.
If several power control and communications units are connected in parallel, the use of a distribution means or box possibly may prove to be advantageous. Through this means, data/signals and voltages can, if necessary, be distributed onto the respective power control and communications units.
Concerning the network, different topologies or connections in the network are conceivable. Respective network topologies are for instance bus networks, ring networks, star networks and the like. Combinations of such topologies are also possible. The network can also be a so-called degenerated network, i.e. edges can be missing, so that the network is not only formed of meshes.
Specifically in larger networks it may also prove to be an advantage if for instance a device termed as hub is used, wherein this usually takes place in star networks. Such a hub being an active network participant can amplify signals or being a passive switching center it can merely forward signals passing through the network.
Further possible networks are so-called peer-to-peer networks or also client-server networks. The network can also contain further means, such as switches, repeaters, routers and the like.
On the whole a very favorable adaptability of the network results according to the present disclosure, as described above, i.e. a respective upward scaling or downward scaling, depending on expansion or reduction of the network, see adding of further nodes and/or connections between the nodes or vice versa.
In this respect, it must particularly be noted that the network according to the present disclosure is a network for distributing energy and data/signals, wherein the possibility also exits that the networks differ for distributing energy and for distributing data/signal, i.e. separately form a node, edges or meshes.
A power control and communications unit with a number of on-site control means connected therewith is usually associated to a node. A group of such units forms a cluster of the network.
In order to generally simplify the installation of different devices and means, the node can be integrated in the power control and communications unit according to one embodiment. The number of the on-site control means associated to each power control and communications unit is usually determined by the power available so that for instance 1 to 8 on-site control means can be associated to a power control and communications unit, which means to one node.
At this point it must explicitly be pointed out that by the energy and data distribution system according to the present disclosure, a plurality of power control and communications units with on-site control means connected thereto can usually be supplied by only one cable connection to the monitoring and supply unit. This significantly reduces the expenditure of wiring without variability of the energy and data distribution system being limited.
In a separate node or also in nodes integrated into the power control and communications unit it may also prove to be advantageous if such a node has a power distribution means, which can for instance comprise switches, fuses and the like. In this manner it is ensured that for instance power that is not too high is transmitted to a power control and communications unit or also to a respective on-site control means. Furthermore, a fast switching can take place to supply power if necessary.
The node can also comprise a measuring means in order to measure for instance the respective voltages, currents and the like. A feedback about the parameters measured can be carried out via the cable connection to the monitoring and supply unit of the energy and data distribution system.
The possibility also exists that an independent supply with respect to voltage/current is assigned to each node, or such a supply comes from the power control and communications unit. Furthermore, the possibility exists that the node already implements a selection of the data/signals and transfers them to further nodes and to the connected power control and communications unit.
A connection line between clusters or nodes can may comprise an optical waveguide and a voltage supply line. They can be realized by a cable or also by separate cables. Analogously, a connection line between the node and the power control and communications unit can comprise a data bus line and a voltage supply line, wherein these lines can again be realized by a cable or by separate cables. This also applies to a connection line between the power control and communications units and the on-site means, wherein said connection line can for instance comprise a data bus line and a voltage supply line.
The data bus line between the node and the power control and communications unit is usually an Ethernet data bus line, and the data bus line between the power control and communications unit and the on-site control means is a CAN data bus line.
The present disclosure may result in a redundancy existing in networks that are not fully degenerated, so that the respective networks depending on the degeneration degree are between 1-fold redundant and 3-fold redundant. This redundancy is basically freely selectable, depending on the degeneration degree of the network built up. 1-fold redundant is for instance a ring network and 3-fold redundant is a non-degenerated network.
A simple possibility to expand or reduce the network is if a respective node is designed in a switchable manner That means further connections to the node, particularly from other nodes, can easily be activated or also separated.
In order to be able to perform a simple variation of the network on the sea ground, a respective connection line can be connectable via a plug connection means or other terminal. For instance each of the power control and communications units or nodes can comprise at least four of such plug connection means.
As stated above, the network according to the present disclosure does not only serve for data distribution but particularly for power distribution. In order to ensure in this context that the power is distributed relatively uniformly onto the different power control and communications units, a voltage compensation means can be integrated in the respective cluster, particularly in the power control and communications unit. Such a voltage compensation means can be realized in different ways. One option is the use of at least one Zener diode with an adjustable Zener characteristic. As a result the voltage is controllable.
A further option is the use of at least one controllable series resistor or a start supply modification means. The start modification means serves for being able to start all power control and communications units simultaneously, wherein this also applies to the later connected power control and communications units. Such a start supply modification means can for instance be formed in that the respective voltage is lower during the start of a Zener diode and only if the power control and communications unit operates constantly it is switched to the nominal voltage.
It was already mentioned above that the network can per se be formed redundantly in different ways. Specifically with oil and natural gas extraction a redundancy with respect to the supply of the monitoring and supply unit is generally advantageous. This can for instance be achieved by connecting two monitoring and supply units having one cable connection each with a respective node of the network.
It was also already pointed out that the respective power control and communications unit can comprise a router for distributing data/signals to the respective on-site control means. The connection between these means can furthermore be implemented via a respective data bus connection, such as a field bus, CAN bus and the like. Due to the distribution by means of the router, more devices can be connected, such as 8, 9, 10 or more. The router can be formed as a so-called backbone or also as a software router.
The option further exists that a faster optics modem is associated to the router. By this modem, the conversion of the optically transmitted data into electrical signals takes place, which can then be distributed by the router to the various on-side control units.
An embodiment of the present disclosure will now be explained by means of the Figures shown in the drawing.
a to 1c show schematic illustrations of known energy and data distribution systems;
Some of the nodes 14 and 38 in the network 12 are directly shown by the power control and communications units 4, 5, 6 and 7, wherein a respective reference numeral for the nodes was omitted to simplify matters. The different nodes or power control and communications units 4, 5, 6 and 7 are connected to one another by respective connection lines 24 as edges 15. Each of the power control and communications unit and also each node can be connected to a plurality of adjoining nodes or means.
The network according to
Furthermore, it must be noted that each of the nodes 14, 38 or power control and communications units 4, 5, 6, and 7 shown in the network substantially corresponds to a cluster 21, see
Besides the redundancy caused by the double arrangement of the monitoring and supply units 2 and 3 and the respective cable connections 16, 17, a further redundancy is achieved by the respective degeneration degree of the network 12. The respective network can be between 1-fold redundant, see for instance ring network up to 3-fold redundant, see a non-degenerated network, freely scalable.
Respective additional wirings in the field, i.e. on the sea ground, are not required due to this network redundancy.
In the case of networks that are not degenerated to a large extent, power loss may be reduced by parallel circuits of connection lines.
The network 12 according to
The further connection line 30 between the power control and communications unit 4 from the respective on-site control means 9 comprises a further data bus line 31 and a voltage supply line 32. The data bus line 31 can for instance be a CAN data bus line.
It must again be pointed out that the respective nodes 14, 38 can be integrated in the respective power control and communications unit 4. In this case connection lines 27 instead of the respective connection line are provided directly between the power control and communications units 4.
A separate node or also a node integrated in the power control and communications unit 4, 5, 6 and 7 contains various components, such as a distribution means 19, a power distribution means 22 or a measuring means 23. The power distribution means 22 comprises at least a number of switches and fuses that allow the distribution of the voltage to the different adjoining nodes and which avoid excessive voltage. The respective measuring means 23 for instance serves for measuring voltage and/or current. A feedback about the parameters measured can be implemented via the cable connection 16 and 17 to the monitoring and supply unit 2 and 3, see
The respective power control and communications unit 4, 5, 6 and 7 can comprise further components, such as a voltage compensation means 33, a router 34 or a fiber optics modem, see also
The connection line 24 composed of optical waveguide 25 and voltage supply line 26 extends between the two power control and communications units 4 and 5.
A number of connection lines 18 are associated to each of the power control and communications units 4, 5 to which said connection lines respective connection lines 24 to further nodes or power control and communications units can be connected in a simple manner, see also
Each of the respective power control and communications units 4, 5, 6 and 7, see also the preceding Figures, comprises the various components, see router 34, fiber optics modem 35, Zener diode 36 as part of the voltage compensation means 33, or start modification means 37, wherein respective parts of the node also exist, such as power distribution means 22 and measuring means 23, and also a respective distribution means 19 is provided.
In conclusion it results that in the energy and data distribution system according to the present disclosure the number of cables is minimized in respective cable connections for power supply and for transmitting data/signals. The redundancy of the respective network is freely scalable depending on the degree of degeneration, and a redundant wiring directly on site can be dispensed with. Furthermore reduced power loss results by parallel switching of connection lines in networks that are not degenerated to a large extent. The network is also easily expandable and existing connection lines or connections can easily be modified.
According to the network and corresponding ring structures, see for example reference numeral 13 in
Furthermore, the number of connection lines is reduced, as not all of the nodes or power control and communication units are connected by such lines.
If further power control and communication units with their onsite control means are needed, it is always possible to expand the network by adding such nodes and connecting same to other nodes that are already connected to monitoring and supply units 2, 3, see
Furthermore, according to the network structure, there is already redundancy, which means that monitoring and supply units 2, 3 are both connected to all of the corresponding nodes or power control and communication units, such that any failure of one of the monitoring and supply units is easily compensated without any additional cable connections or change of such cable connections. Of course, any additional node or connection line would slightly change the network, such that other connections are provided, so that other units like a power control and communication unit can be added or connected to other units, etc.
Each of the power control and communication units can then control its associated on-site control means, but the overall system is more easily adaptable with respect to different oil field sizes or production amounts. Power control and communication units can be added to correspond to such new field layouts or production rates. It is not necessary to connect all such power control and communication units with the monitoring and supply unit, but only with at least one available node or power control and communication unit associated with this node. Each newly arranged power control and communication unit is then controllable by the monitoring and supply unit, and power is supplied to same.
Summarizing, according to the present application, additional units can easily be added, existing connections can be changed, and in view of redundancy, it is only necessary to provide two monitoring and supply units, as those are already connected with all of the units.
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
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PCT/EP2011/003638 | 7/20/2011 | WO | 00 | 4/7/2014 |