Patent Grant
7403847
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to an engine control device and an engine control method for a straddle type vehicle, and more specifically to an engine control device and an engine control method having engine output decreasing means for decreasing engine output when a failure is detected in a throttle valve control system.
2. Description of Related Art
An electronic throttle valve system for electronically controlling the opening of a throttle valve can control the amount of intake air to an engine accurately. Thus, the electronic throttle valve system can reduce emission and fuel consumption and has been used in some four-wheeled motor vehicles.
Such an electronic throttle valve system is equipped with a function that stops the actuation of the throttle valve by an electric motor and returns the throttle valve in the closing direction by the urging force of a spring when a throttle valve control system has a failure.
The speed at which the throttle valve is rotated in the closing direction by the urging force of the spring is very high. Thus, the output of the engine is rapidly decreased. In the case of a four-wheeled passenger vehicle, a driver does not feel a change in the behavior of the vehicle even when the engine output is rapidly decreased since the vehicle is heavy. In the case of a two-wheeled motor vehicle which is light, however, a rapid decrease in the engine output gives the rider an uncomfortable feeling.
Japanese Patent Document JP-A-Hei 6-248979 discloses a method of closing a throttle valve gently by applying a resistance to the rotation of the throttle valve, which is urged in the closing direction by a spring, to prevent rapid rotation of the throttle valve. A rapid decrease in the engine output can be thus avoided and the vehicle does not make jerky movements even when running in low gear.
Japanese Patent Document JP-A-2003-65140 discloses a method of decreasing engine output gradually by controlling ignition to the engine, as well as by controlling the throttle valve as in JP-A-Hei 6-248979. More specifically, retarding ignition timing, decreasing the frequency of ignition, or cutting off ignition is conducted to decrease engine output smoothly.
It is certain that closing the throttle valve gently can avoid a rapid decrease in the engine output. However, there might be a range of the opening of the throttle valve in which the engine output does not decrease. In this case, since the engine output is constant, the rider might feel an acceleration feeling.
Meanwhile, in the case of controlling ignition to the engine to control the engine output, more responsive control of the engine output is enabled compared to the case in which the rotation of the throttle valve is controlled, so that the engine output is decreased invariably. The rider thus does not feel any acceleration feeling as described above.
However, retarding ignition timing, decreasing the frequency of ignition, or cutting off ignition is conducted under preset conditions. Thus, the way the engine output decreases varies depending on the vehicle's operating conditions including engine speed in the event of a failure, and is not uniquely defined. As a result, the engine output decreases but the rider might get an uncomfortable feeling.
The present invention has been made in view of the foregoing problems. A main object of the present invention is to provide an engine control device capable of decreasing engine output while giving the rider a less uncomfortable feeling when a throttle valve control system has a failure.
The present invention is directed to an engine control device for a straddle type vehicle, having engine output decreasing means for decreasing engine output when a failure has been detected in a throttle valve control system. The engine output decreasing means comprises target rotational speed setting means for setting engine speed after the occurrence of the failure to target rotational speed required to decrease engine output and rotational speed detection means for detecting the engine speed after the occurrence of the failure. When the engine speed detected by the rotational speed detection means is larger than the target rotational speed, an ignition of the engine is cut off.
In a preferred embodiment, the target rotational speed is set to decrease stepwise at regular time intervals based on the engine speed at the time of the occurrence of the failure.
In a preferred embodiment, the target rotational speed has preset minimum target rotational speed, which is a lower limit value of the target rotational speed range.
The minimum target rotational speed is preferably set at least to a value larger than the engine speed at idle.
In a preferred embodiment, when the engine speed detected by the rotational speed detection means is larger than the target rotational speed, fuel injection to the engine is stopped.
In a preferred embodiment, a throttle valve is designed to be rotatively actuated in the closing direction when the failure has been detected in the throttle valve control system.
The present invention is directed to an engine control method for a straddle type vehicle, having engine output decreasing means for decreasing engine output when a failure is detected in a throttle valve control system. The engine output decreasing means has an output decreasing mode in which engine output is decreased when a failure has been detected in a throttle valve control system. In the output decreasing mode, when engine speed after the occurrence of the failure is larger than preset target rotational speed at the time of the occurrence of the failure, an ignition of the engine is cut off.
In a preferred embodiment, in the output decreasing mode, when the engine speed after the occurrence of the failure is larger than the preset target rotational speed at the time of the occurrence of the failure, fuel injection to the engine is stopped.
In a preferred embodiment, the target rotational speed is set to decrease stepwise at regular time intervals based on the engine speed at the time of the occurrence of the failure.
A straddle type vehicle according to the present invention is a straddle type vehicle with the above engine control device.
In an engine control device for a straddle type vehicle of the present invention, in the case in which a failure has been detected in a throttle valve control system, when engine speed after the occurrence of the failure is larger than preset target rotational speed at the time of the occurrence of the failure, an ignition of the engine is cut off. The engine speed thereby can be decreased according to the preset target rotational speed. Thus, engine output can be decreased uniquely.
An embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to the drawings. In the drawings below, for the sake of simplifying explanation, components having substantially the same function are indicated with the same reference symbol. Further, the present invention is not limited to the following embodiment.
The failure of the throttle valve 12 (hereinafter referred to as including the throttle valve control system) is detected by various criteria for determination. For example, an error between a target opening of the throttle valve 12 and an actual throttle opening is detected, and when the error detected is beyond the allowable limits and such state continues for a predetermined time, the failure is determined. The present invention imposes no special limitations on the criteria for determination of a failure.
In the case in which a failure of the throttle valve 12 has been detected by the fail detection section 13 at time t0, the control mode of the engine 11 is switched from normal control mode to failure control mode in which the engine output is decreased (moderate speed reduction control mode). At this time, target rotational speed (see a graph shown by a thin solid line) is set that is required for the engine speed after the occurrence of the failure to decrease the engine output. The target rotational speed is set together with minimum target rotational speed, which is a lower limit value of the target rotational speed range.
After the occurrence of the failure, the engine speed (see a graph shown by a thick solid line) is detected, and when the detected speed is larger than the preset target rotational speed, ignition to the engine is cut off. Cutting off the ignition causes the engine speed to decrease. However, when the engine speed is detected at the next timing and the detected speed is smaller than the preset target rotational speed, the ignition to the engine is performed normally, so that the engine speed increases temporarily. When the engine speed is detected at the next timing and the detected speed is larger than the preset target rotational speed, the ignition is again cut off. The engine speed thereby decreases again.
Repetitively cutting off the ignition in such manner can cause the engine speed to decrease according to the target rotational speed while the engine speed increases and decreases at very short time intervals relative to the target rotational speed. When the engine speed is decreased to the minimum target rotational speed, the engine speed is kept at the minimum target rotational speed.
In the case in which the minimum target rotational speed is set at least to a value larger than the engine speed at idle, even when the engine output is decreased after the occurrence of the failure, the operable state of the vehicle can be maintained.
Means for decreasing the engine output according to the present invention is similar to a method of decreasing the frequency of ignition. Whether or not the ignition should be cut off is determined based on the preset target rotational speed, thereby uniquely defining a decrease in the engine output.
Further, in the present invention, when the detected rotational speed is larger than the preset target rotational speed, fuel injection may be stopped, as well as ignition being cut off. In this case, emission can be reduced compared to the case in which only the ignition cutoff is performed.
The engine output decreasing means 20 includes rotational speed detection means 21 for detecting engine speed after the occurrence of a failure; target rotational speed setting means 22 for setting the engine speed after the occurrence of the failure to target rotational speed required to decrease engine output; and comparison means 23 for comparing values of the engine speed and the target rotational speed.
When the comparison means 23 determines that the engine speed detected by the rotational speed detection means 21 is larger than the target rotational speed set by the target rotational speed setting means 22, an ignition cutoff signal is transmitted to an ignition control section 24 so that ignition to the engine is cut off. Also, an injection stop signal is transmitted to an injection control section 25 so that fuel injection is stopped.
In the above configuration, the rotational speed detection means 21, the ignition control section 24, and the injection control section 25 may be used also in the normal operation.
Next, an engine control method of the present invention will be described with reference to a flowchart of
The fail detection section 13 detects whether or not a failure has occurred in the throttle valve 12 (step S1). When the failure has been detected, the target rotational speed setting means 22 sets target rotational speed (step S2). As described above, the target rotational speed is set to a value required for the engine speed after the occurrence of the failure to decrease engine output. At the same time, the rotational speed detection means 21 detects engine speed (step S3).
Then, it is determined whether or not the detected engine speed is equal to or lower than minimum target rotational speed (step S4). When the detected engine speed is not equal to or lower than the minimum target rotational speed, the comparison means 23 compares the target rotational speed set in the step S2 with the engine speed detected in the step S3 (step S6).
In the step S6, when the detected rotational speed is larger than the target rotational speed, ignition to the engine is cut off (or fuel injection is stopped, as well as ignition being cut off) (step S7). Meanwhile, when the detected rotational speed is smaller than the target rotational speed, the process returns to the step S2 and repeats the step S2 through the step S7. When the detected rotational speed is smaller than the target rotational speed, the ignition is performed normally.
In such manner, as the ignition is controlled by determining whether or not the ignition should be cut off based on the preset target rotational speed in the step S6, the engine speed after the occurrence of the failure can be decreased according to the target rotational speed. When the engine speed is decreased to the minimum target rotational speed in the step S4, the target rotational speed is fixed to the minimum target rotational speed (step S5), and thereafter, the engine speed is kept at the minimum target rotational speed.
The target rotational speed is basically set to a value at which engine output is decreased while giving the rider a less uncomfortable feeling. An example of such setting is described below with reference to
When a failure occurs at time t0, engine speed N0 at this time is set as an initial value of target rotational speed. The target rotational speed is set to decrease stepwise by rotational speed ΔN based on the engine speed N0 as time ΔT elapses. In other words, target rotational speed Ni at time ti is set by the following equation:
Ni(ti)=N0−[(ti−t0)/ΔT×ΔN] (ti=m×ΔT, wherein m is an interger) (1)
Although not shown in
According to this method, by storing only the values of ΔT, ΔN and Nmin in the target rotational speed setting means 22, the target rotational speed can be easily set using the equation (1) as well as the engine speed N0 detected in the event of a failure.
The values of ΔT and ΔN are constant, but the values of ΔT and/or ΔN may be gradually increased with a lapse of time after the occurrence of a failure. Alternatively, the target rotational speed suitable for a vehicle to which the present invention is applied may be obtained by actual measurement and stored in the storage means.
The time ΔT can be set arbitrarily. However, the time ΔT may be set at the timing at which the step S5 of comparing the rotational speed and the target rotational speed shown in
A flowchart of an engine control method using the method of setting target rotational speed shown in
The fail detection section 13 detects whether or not a failure has occurred in the throttle valve 12 (step S1). When the failure has been detected, engine speed (N0) at the time of the occurrence of the failure is set as target rotational speed (Ni) (step S2). After a lapse of predetermined time (ΔT), a subtraction value (ΔN) is subtracted from the target rotational speed (Ni) (step S3).
Then, the target rotational speed (Ni) and preset minimum target rotational speed (Nmin) are compared to each other (step S4). When the target rotational speed (Ni) is larger than the minimum target rotational speed (Nmin), the detected engine speed and the target rotational speed (Ni) are compared to each other (step S6). When the engine speed is larger than the target rotational speed (Ni), ignition to the engine is cut off (or fuel injection is stopped, as well as ignition being cut off) (step S7). Meanwhile, when the detected engine speed is smaller than the target rotational speed (Ni), the ignition is performed normally.
The step S2 through the step S7 (step S6) are repeated, and the subtraction value (ΔN) is subtracted from the target rotational speed (Ni) in the step S3. When the target rotational speed (Ni) is decreased to the minimum target rotational speed (Nmin) (step S4), the target rotational speed (Ni) is set to a certain value of the minimum target rotational speed (Nmin) and kept at it thereafter (step S5).
As the ignition is controlled by determining whether or not the ignition should be cut off based on the preset target rotational speed (Ni) in the step S6, the engine speed after the occurrence of the failure can be decreased according to the target rotational speed (Ni). When the engine speed is decreased to the minimum target rotational speed (Nmin) in the step S5, the engine speed is kept at the minimum target rotational speed (Nmin) thereafter.
While the invention is explained above by way of preferable embodiments, such descriptions are not limiting items. Therefore, various modifications may be made. For example, in the foregoing embodiment, the engine control device is implemented by the ignition control. However, the engine control device may be implemented by controlling the throttle valve to be rotatively actuated in the closing direction, along with the ignition.
The term “two-wheeled motor vehicle” used herein means a motorcycle, including every motorbike and motor scooter, and, more particularly, is a vehicle which can be turned by tilting the vehicle body. Thus, a vehicle equipped with two or more front wheels and/or two or more rear wheels, thus having three or four (or more) wheels in total is also included in the “two-wheeled motor vehicle.” Without any limitation to motorcycles, the present invention may also be applied to other vehicles, as long as a vehicle can take advantage of effects of the invention. This includes any straddle type vehicles, such as four-wheeled buggies or all terrain vehicles (ATV) and snowmobiles.
The present invention provides the excellent advantages as described above. However, the practical application of the invention to straddle type vehicles should involve consideration of the embodiments from an overall viewpoint including other requirements.
The present invention can provide an engine control device capable of decreasing engine output while giving less uncomfortable feeling to the rider in the event of a failure, with a simple configuration.
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