Patent Application
20140050610
The present invention generally relates to methods and apparatus for producing an enhanced ionized cloud of bactericidal molecules.
Photo-catalytic cells may be employed to produce bactericidal molecules in air flow passing through the cells. The cells may be positioned to ionize air that may then be directed into an enclosed space or room. Emerging molecules from the cells may have a bactericidal effect on various bacteria, molds or viruses which may be airborne in the room or may be on surfaces of walls or objects in the room.
Typically, such cells may be constructed with a “target material” (or coated surface(s) surrounding a broad spectrum ultraviolet (UV) emitter. This combination can produce an ionized cloud of bactericidal molecules. The target may be coated with titanium dioxide as well as a few other proprietary trace elements. As air passes through or onto the target, UV energy striking the titanium dioxide may result in a catalytic reaction that may produce the desired cloud of bactericidal molecules within the airflow. These molecules, upon contact with any bacteria, mold or virus, may kill them.
Effectiveness of such photo-catalytic cells may be dependent on the concentration of the bactericidal molecules which may be produced by the cells. The bactericide concentration level may be dependent on the degree to which UV energy is applied to the titanium dioxide of the honeycomb mesh.
As can be seen, there is a need for a system in which a higher proportion of UV energy from a UV emitter (in such a photo-catalytic cell) can be caused to impinge upon the titanium dioxide within the cell.
In one aspect of the present invention, a photo-catalytic cell with an ultraviolet (UV) emitter and catalyst-coated targets may be comprised of at least one UV reflector configured to reflect UV energy from the UV emitter onto the targets. The rectangular “honeycomb matrix” target shape shown in the attached FIGS. 1,2 and 3 is just one of many mechanical shapes that could use the proposed “enhanced ionization” technology proposed in this application. The proposed enhancement technology consist of reflective surfaces that have the unique reflective specifications as described in paragraphs 21 thru 26.
In another aspect of the present invention, a method for producing bactericidal molecules in air may comprise the steps of: passing air across catalyst coated targets; emitting UV energy from a source; applying a first portion of the UV energy from the source directly onto the targets; and reflecting a second portion of the UV energy from the source onto the targets.
These and other features, aspects and advantages of the present invention will become better understood with reference to the following drawings, description and claims.
The following detailed description is of the best currently contemplated modes of carrying out exemplary embodiments of the invention. The description is not to be taken in a limiting sense, but is made merely for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the invention, since the scope of the invention is best defined by the appended claims.
Various inventive features are described below that can each be used independently of one another or in combination with other features.
Broadly, embodiments of the present invention generally provide photo-catalytic cells in which reflectors may be positioned to reflect UV energy and increase a proportion of emitted UV energy that strikes titanium dioxide in the cell at high incident angles.
Referring now to the Figures, it may be seen that an exemplary embodiment of a photo-catalytic cell 10 may comprise an electronics box 12; a light pipe indicator 14; a power cord 16; a chamber 18; honeycomb targets 20; UV reflectors 22-1, 22-2 and 22-3; and a UV emitter or lamp 24. The honeycomb targets 20 may be coated with titanium dioxide.
In operation, air may pass across the honeycomb targets 20 while UV energy may be applied to the target 20 by the lamp 24. A photo-catalytic reaction may take place in the presence of the UV energy. The reaction may produce bactericidal molecules in the air.
Referring now particularly to
Reflectors 22-3 may be interposed between the lamp 24 and walls of the chamber 18. UV energy striking the reflectors 22-3 may be reflected onto the honeycomb target 20. Thus presence of the reflectors 22-3 may result in avoidance of loss of UV energy that might otherwise be absorbed or diffused by walls of the chamber 18. Similarly, reflectors 22-2 may be placed in corners of the chamber 18 to reflect UV energy onto the honeycomb target 20
The reflectors 22-1, 22-2 and/or 22-3 may be constructed from material that is effective for reflection of energy with a wavelength in the UV range (i.e., about 184 nanometers [nm] to about 255 nm). While soft metals such as gold and silver surfaces may be effective reflectors for visible light, their large grain size may make them less suitable than metallic surfaces with a small grain size (i.e., hard metals). Thus, hard metals such as chromium and stainless steel and other metals that do not readily oxidize may be effective UV reflectors and may be particularly effective for use as UV reflectors in the photo-catalytic cell 10. Material with a UV reflectivity of about 90% or higher may be suitable for use in the reflectors 22-1, 22-1 and 22-3. Lower reflectively produces lower effectiveness. To achieve the level of reflection required, it may be necessary to “micro-polish or buff” a selected materials reflective surface to achieve the specifications defined in para 22]-24] below.
Advantageously, reflecting surfaces of the reflectors 22 should be electrically conductive. Specifically, outer surface coatings (added for oxidation protection) like glass, clear plastics, clear anodization (i.e. non-conductive) may diminish (considerably) any performance enhancement of the photo-catalytic cell 10.
Also it is important that reflecting surfaces of the UV reflector 22 produce surface specular reflection. (Specular reflection being a “mirror-like reflection” of light—in which a single incoming light ray is reflected into a single outgoing direction) Specular reflection is distinct from “diffuse” reflection where an incoming light ray is reflected into a broad range of directions. Diffuse reflection may diminish performance enhancement of the photo-catalytic cell 10.
In an exemplary embodiment of the photo-catalytic cell 10, the reflectors 22-1, 22-2 and 22-3 may be chromium-plated plastic. Chromium-plated plastic may be a desirably low cost material with a desirably high degree of reflectivity for UV energy. So called “soft chrome” such as the plating used to produce a mirror-like finish that is seen on automobile chromed surfaces may be advantageously employed.
It may be noted that there may be other cell shape designs which are not rectangular. For example, the cell 10 may be circular, tubular, or may have an otherwise complex shape. For these non-rectangular shaped cells, an optimum reflector design may be curved or otherwise non-flat in shape.
It should be understood, of course, that the foregoing relates to exemplary embodiments of the invention and that modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as set forth in the following claims.
This application claims is a continuation of co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/115,546 filed on May 25, 2011, and claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/380,462 filed on Sep. 7, 2010, both of which are herein incorporated by reference.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 61380462 | Sep 2010 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 13115546 | May 2011 | US |
| Child | 14065031 | US |
