This invention relates generally to the entertainment vehicle field, and more specifically to an improved entertainment vehicle that simulates a vehicle with an internal combustion engine and multiple gear ratios.
For more than a century, man has raced cars. Almost all of these cars have included an internal combustion engine. An internal combustion engine typically operates over a range of 600-7000 revolutions per minute (RPM), and typically performs best over a narrow “powerband” within this range. The wheels of a vehicle, however, rotate between 0 rpm and around 1800 rpm, and the vehicle often requires the greatest torque when it is moving from rest or traveling at a slow velocity. To compensate for these characteristics of internal combustion engines, nearly every car includes a transmission with multiple gear ratios. The selection of an appropriate gear (which occurs by user selection in a vehicle with a manual transmission) allows the transmission to deliver torque to the wheels with the engine in its powerband.
Entertainment vehicles, such as so-call “go-carts”, have typically included internal combustion engines. Pushed by the green movement, these vehicles are slowly being replaced by vehicles with electric motors. Electric motors, in contrast to internal combustion engines, typically operate over a range of 0-10,000 revolutions per minute (RPM), and typically perform equally over this entire range (i.e., they have a flat “torque curve”). Thus, vehicles with electric motors often do not include a transmission. The experience and strategy of driving and racing an entertainment vehicle with electric motors is, however, reduced because the need to select a gear ratio to maximize engine torque and vehicle speed and to maximize engine efficiency and minimize fuel consumption is completely eliminated. This reduction in experience and strategy may reduce the overall entertainment value of vehicles with electric engines, which may reduce the adoption of these vehicles that would reduce pollution and would otherwise benefit society.
Thus, there is a need in the entertainment vehicle field to provide an improved entertainment vehicle that simulates a vehicle with an internal combustion engine and multiple gear ratios. This invention provides such improved entertainment vehicle.
The following description of preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to these embodiments, but rather to enable any person skilled in the art to make and use this invention.
As shown in
1. The Entertainment Vehicle
The entertainment vehicle 10 of the preferred embodiments functions to transport a user. Preferably, the entertainment vehicle 10 is a four-wheel cart. Alternatively, the entertainment vehicle 10 may be another wheeled vehicle (such as a motorcycle or a bicycle), a tracked vehicle (such as a snowmobile or a tank), or a railed vehicle (such as a train). The entertainment vehicle 10 may, however, be any suitable vehicle that transports a user.
In the preferred embodiments, the entertainment vehicle 10 includes a motor 12, as shown in
As shown in
The user interface 30 of the preferred embodiment additionally includes a gear selector 16 that functions to receive a gear selection 18 amongst a number of simulated gear ratios. The gear selector 16 is preferably one of several variations. In a first variation, the gear selector 16 is a lever. The gear selector 16 in this variation is preferably an electric gear shifter or a standard gear shifter similar to those used in manual transmission vehicles. In a second variation, the gear selector 16 is a dial. In a third variation, the gear selector 16 is a push/pull paddle located near the steering wheel. Although the gear selector 16 is preferably one of these three variations, the gear selector 16 may be any suitable means of accepting a gear selection 18 from the user, such as voice recognition.
The user interface 30 may also further include feedback devices to communicate information from the entertainment vehicle 10 to the user. The feedback devices preferable include a simulated tachometer 36 that displays the simulated engine speed 26. The tachometer 36 is preferably a dial. The dial may be an actual mechanical dial or may be an image on a screen. Alternatively, the tachometer 36 may be any suitable device to display the simulated engine speed 26. The feedback devices also preferable include a simulated fuel gauge 38 that displays the simulated fuel level. The fuel gauge 38 is preferably a dial. The dial may be an actual mechanical dial or may be an image on a screen. Alternatively, the fuel gauge 38 may be any suitable device to display the simulated fuel level.
The feedback devices preferable include at least one speaker 40 that creates simulated engine sounds based on the simulated engine speed 26. The simulated engine sounds preferably include an engine sound that simulates the engine sound of an internal combustion engine. The simulated engine sounds preferably further include a knock sound that simulates the engine sound of an internal combustion engine during knocking. The speaker 40 preferably creates the knock sound based on the simulated engine speed (and, in some variations, the simulated engine load). The speaker 40 is preferably a standard speaker 40, but may alternatively be any suitable system that creates simulated engine sounds based on the simulated engine speed 26. There may be multiple speakers 40 to create a surround sound system. The speaker 40 is preferably located near the head of the user, in the headrest, or in a suitable location in the vehicle. The speaker 40 may alternatively be in a headset worn by the user. The speaker 40 is preferably in the vehicle, but may alternatively be located at a remote location.
As shown in
The sensor 20 of the preferred embodiments functions to sense the vehicle speed 22 of the vehicle. The sensor 20 is preferably located on or near the wheels 28 of the vehicle but may be located in any suitable location to sense the vehicle speed 22 of the vehicle. The sensor 20 may sense the rotational velocity or number of rotations per unit of time of the wheels 28 or any suitable rotating component on the vehicle. Alternatively, the sensor 20 may sense the distance traveled, the speed at which the driving surface moves below the car, or the time it takes to travel a distance. The sensor 20 may be any suitable device in any suitable location to sense the vehicle speed 22 of the vehicle.
The processor 24 of the preferred embodiments functions to determine simulated properties of the vehicle based on sensed properties, inputs, and/or other simulated properties. More specifically, as shown in
In the preferred embodiments, the entertainment vehicle 10 further includes a memory that stores relationships between sensed properties, inputs, and/or simulated properties. The memory is preferably located in the vehicle, but may alternatively be separate from the vehicle and/or located at a remote location. The memory is preferably a conventional memory chip, such as RAM, but may alternatively be any suitable device able to store information. The relationships stored by the memory preferably include at least one of the relationships discussed in the following section, and are used to determine at least one of the properties discussed in the following section.
2. Determining Simulated Properties
A shown in
As shown in
As shown in
As shown in
In a second variation, the third relationship of the preferred embodiments is a relationship between the simulated engine torque 46, a simulated a cylinder air mass, the simulated engine speed 26, a simulated engine air flow rate, a simulated stoichiometric air-fuel ratio, a simulated fuel consumption rate, and a simulated fuel consumption. The processor 24 using this relationship, determines a simulated cylinder air mass based on the simulated engine torque 46, determines a simulated engine air flow rate based on the simulated cylinder air mass and the simulated engine speed 26, determines a simulated fuel consumption rate based on the simulated engine air flow rate and a simulated stoichiometric air-fuel ratio (preferably by dividing the simulated engine air flow rate by the simulated stoichiometric air-fuel ratio), and determines a simulated fuel consumption based on the simulated fuel consumption rate (preferably by integrating the simulated fuel consumption rate). In either variation, the fuel consumption may be modified to adjust the challenge of the entertainment vehicle posed to the user.
As shown in
3. Using Simulated Properties
Using the simulated properties and/or sensed properties of the vehicle, the processor preferably controls the vehicle, adjusts the motor, controls the feedback devices, and/or performs any other suitable function or any other suitable combination to allow the user of the entertainment vehicle 10 to experience the sensation and strategy of driving a vehicle with an internal combustion engine and multiple gear ratios.
As shown in
The processor 24 may also simulate the temporary pause in the transmission of engine torque to the wheels that occurs when shifting or changing gears of a manual transmission. The processor 24 preferably adjusts the motor 12 such that the output torque 14 of the motor 12 is about zero upon the change of the gear selection 18 amongst the simulated gear ratios. This might simulate the “jerk” the user would feel when shifting an actual manual transmission. The adjustment may last a predetermined time period, may last until the user selects another gear, may be dependant on the use of a simulated clutch pedal, or may be dependent on any other suitable device or action.
As shown in
The processor may also simulate engine noise and/or vibration. The processor, through controlling the feedback devices (specifically the speakers 40), allows the user of the entertainment vehicle 10 to experience the aural sensation of driving a vehicle with an internal combustion engine internal combustion engine and multiple gear ratios. The processor controls the speaker 40 to create simulated engine sounds based on the simulated engine speed 26, simulated engine load 44, or any other suitable property. The simulated engine sounds preferably include an engine sound that simulates the engine sound of an internal combustion engine. The simulated engine sounds preferably further include a knock sound that simulates the engine sound of an internal combustion engine during knocking. The processor controls the speaker 40 to create the knock sound based on the simulated engine speed (and, in some variations, the simulated engine load). The simulated engine sounds are preferably prerecorded engine sounds from an actual vehicle with an internal combustion engine, but may alternatively be any other suitable simulated engine sounds. The user may utilize the engine noise to determine simulated engine speed, simulated engine damage, to prevent engine damage, or for any other suitable function. If the user damages the engine, they may be forced to pit, or perform another suitable action, to recover from this condition. The processor may also control the speaker 40 to create any other suitable sounds such as weather, traffic signals, crowds, or other vehicles.
The processor, through controlling the feedback devices (specifically the tactile devices), allows the user of the entertainment vehicle 10 to experience the tactile sensation of driving a vehicle with an internal combustion engine and multiple gear ratios. The processor controls the tactile devices to create simulated engine vibrations based on the simulated engine speed 26 or any other suitable property. The entertainment vehicle 10 preferably includes a seat 42 coupled to the vehicle, as shown in
The processor may also simulate fuel level. The processor, through controlling the vehicle and/or adjusting the motor, allows the user of the entertainment vehicle 10 to experience the sensation and strategy of driving a vehicle with an internal combustion engine and multiple gear ratios and to experience the strategy of the strategy of driving and shifting to conserve fuel. The processor 24 adjusts the motor 12 based on the simulated fuel consumption 48. More specifically, the processor 24 determines a fuel level by subtracting the simulated fuel consumption from a predetermined amount and whereupon the simulated fuel consumption 48 is greater than a predetermined amount, the processor 24 adjusts the motor 12 such that the output torque 14 of the motor 12 is significantly lower than the simulated transmission output torque 52. This preferably causes the entertainment vehicle 10 to stop or slow as the simulated fuel level decreases. If the user runs out of fuel, they may be forced to pit, or perform another suitable action, to recover from this condition. Additionally, the vehicle may handle differently or accelerate differently based upon different fuel levels and due to more or less mass.
Although omitted for conciseness, the preferred embodiments include every combination and permutation of the various entertainment vehicles 10, the various motors 12, the various gear selectors 16, the various sensors 20, the various processors 24, the various simulated properties, and the various uses of the simulated properties.
As a person skilled in the art will recognize from the previous detailed description and from the figures and claims, modifications and changes can be made to the preferred embodiments of the invention without departing from the scope of this invention defined in the following claims.
This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/843,918 filed 12 Sep. 2006 and entitled “Simulation of racecar functionality in an electric entertainment vehicle”, which is incorporated in its entirety by this reference.
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
60843918 | Sep 2006 | US |