Streaming media services provide access to their users to certain media content that is available through streaming applications (apps) that facilitate users playing out the media content on media presentation devices delivered via the internet.
Some metering devices employed by audience measurement systems include sensors (e.g., audio sensors) to obtain information useful to identify media content being presented in a household. Media content may be identified by decoding codes (e.g., audio watermarks) embedded in the media content and which encode content identifying information therein. Media content may additionally or alternatively be identified by generating a characteristic descriptor of the media content (e.g., audio signatures) that are then compared with a reference database of such signatures corresponding to identified content to identify a matching reference signature, thereby identifying the media content. Such content metering devices may be located in households of a statistically representative panel to monitor media presentations in those households. Metering information from such meters can then be obtained and used to estimate the extent of media presentations amongst an even greater number of households, such as within a given media market.
Some audience measurement systems may further include network metering devices (streaming meter devices) in certain households to monitor the local area network traffic of the household. Such a streaming meter device can access network traffic of the household, detect presentation of streaming media using the network traffic, and generate tuning data associated with the streaming meter. Such tuning data from the streaming meter may include the raw data that the streaming meter collects via network traffic, such as the uniform resource locator (URL) of the streaming service being used, a media device on which the streaming media is presented, a start timestamp of the usage, an end timestamp of the usage, and/or a bandwidth consumption of the usage. Such tuning data can then be provided to an audience measurement service provider and used as a basis to estimate an extent of viewership of certain streaming media programs. In some cases, the tuning data may be used to determine which streaming media platform the streaming media is accessed through (e.g., such as by associating a URL and/or network packet header information with a given streaming media platform).
This disclosure relates generally to using such information to estimate streaming media program viewing per streaming platform source.
Streaming media providers, advertisers, and media measurement service providers desire knowledge on how users interact with streaming services via media devices such as smartphones, tablets, laptops, smart televisions, etc. In particular, media monitoring companies rely on streaming service monitoring at the media devices to, among other things, quantify audience exposure to media, and thus determine audience behaviors related to media streaming media viewing.
Moreover, while some media programs may only be available on a single streaming media service, such as exclusively produced or licensed media programs, some media programs may be available to for streaming distribution from multiple streaming media platforms through their accompanying apps and/or web-based portals. Furthermore, the set of streaming media providers from which a given media program may be available is not fixed in time for a given household, and instead evolves over time due to changes in media licensing arrangements, the launch and/or termination of various media streaming platforms, and changes in the subscription status of the household relative to the various streaming media platforms that are available at any given time.
Estimating the extent of streaming media viewership of a given program amongst the multiple streaming media platforms on which that program is available may be performed by: identifying instances of streaming a particular media content from a set of media presentation environments; analyzing those instances of streaming the particular media content to determine one of multiple streaming platform sources associated with the particular media content based on an analysis of network traffic associated with the media presentation environments; and upon aggregating a threshold-satisfying set of such analyzed instances within a defined period of time, determining a distribution of the particular media content amongst the multiple streaming platform sources associated with the particular media content.
To facilitate such analyses, a listing of the streaming media platforms from which a given media content program can be accessed can be maintained. Such monitoring of instances of streaming may reveal an instance in which the particular media content was streamed from an additional streaming platform that is not currently associated with the particular media content. Such discrepancies may occur, for example, due to changes in the availability of the particular media content over time. When such an instance is identified, the streaming media platforms associated with the particular media content can be updated to include the additional streaming media platform.
To track household usage of streaming services, media monitoring companies can place metering devices (e.g., a streaming meter) in panel households to monitor when panelists are using the streaming services (e.g., streaming media platforms and associated apps and/or website portals thereof). Panelists are users registered on panels maintained by a ratings entity (e.g., an audience measurement company, the media monitoring company, etc.) that owns and/or operates the ratings entity subsystem. Panel households may be streaming households that are homes to which streaming media is transmitted and in which media devices present the streaming media via Wi-Fi internet, cable, satellite, etc. The meter can retrieve network traffic in the panel household, detect presentation of streaming media of the streaming services, and generate tuning data associated with the streaming media. Tuning data refers to the raw data that the meter collects via network traffic, such as the uniform resource locator (URL) of the streaming service being used, a media device on which the streaming media is presented, a start timestamp of the usage, an end timestamp of the usage, a bandwidth consumption of the usage, etc. A tuning event refers to a collection of processed tuning data that indicates a timeframe/time period during which a streaming service is used to present streaming media. For example, the meter can collect first tuning data corresponding to a first URL, a start timestamp, an end timestamp, and a bandwidth that is indicative of retrieving a video stream via a network. The meter can send the tuning data to a back office facility, such as a server, where a tuning event is generated based on the tuning data. The media monitoring company uses the tuning event and other tuning events associated with the streaming service to track household usage, subscription statuses, the share of streaming of a given program for respective streaming platforms during a given time period, and/or other analyses corresponding to the streaming service.
Streaming media includes media data (such as audio and/or video data) transmitted from a media source (e.g., a streaming service) over a data network to a media device for presentation such that a portion of the media data is presented (possibly after buffering at the media device) while a subsequent portion of the media data is being received (and possibly buffered at the media device). In some examples, the streaming media source corresponds to Netflix, Amazon Prime Video, Disney+, Hulu, Tubi, Pluto TV, Roku Channel, YouTube, Paramount+, etc. (the streaming media source may also be known as a streaming media provider), the media device corresponds to, for example, a desktop computer, a laptop computer, a mobile computing device, a television, a smart phone, a mobile phone, or another personal computing device, etc., and the data network corresponds to the Internet and/or a private network. In some examples, the media data is transmitted from the media source to the media device using one or more data transport streams established according to one or more network streaming communication protocols, such as Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH), HTTP live streaming (HLS), Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP), etc.
Example methods, apparatus, and articles of manufacture are disclosed herein to estimate streaming media program viewing per streaming media platform. Examples disclosed herein can determine household streaming media program viewership over a given period of time to generate analytical data (e.g., impressions) corresponding to the streaming media program for the given time period and/or for a given subset of panelists (e.g., a demographically defined subset) for the given period of time. In some examples, the media monitoring company can send the analytical data to the media provider such that the media provider can determine media programming, subscription cost, services offered, etc. that may have influenced, caused, or otherwise determined the extent of subscribers to streaming service(s) the media provider offer(s). In addition, from the set of metered households viewing a particular streaming media program in a given time period, examples described herein can further determine the streaming media platform that provided access to the particular streaming media program for those households. Such determinations may be made based on analysis of network traffic information in such households, for example. Combining together the viewership information for the particular streaming media program with the streaming media platform that provided access to such program thus allows a media monitoring company to estimate the share of streaming viewership of the particular media program attributable to respective ones of the set of streaming media platforms from which it was available during the analyzed time period. Such information may be useful to the streaming media services as well as advertisers, among others.
Referring now to
The household 102 illustrated in
The environment 100 illustrated in
Streaming media is transmitted to the example router 112 via one or more streaming services 106a, 106b. The streaming services 106a, 106b provide access to streaming media via streaming applications, websites, etc.
The environment 100 illustrated in
The environment 100 illustrated in
The example meter 113 (e.g., a streaming meter) is included in the environment 100 of
Furthermore, the content meter 114 is able to recognize particular streaming media programs presented by the media device 110 by extracting codes (e.g., inaudible watermarks) and/or generating signatures from the audio emitted during presentation of the streaming media via the media device 110. The recognized particular streaming media item (e.g., a specific program episode identifier) can then be associated with a particular program and aggregated to analyze the extent of streaming viewership of the program per streaming media platforms on which the program is available.
The audience measurement server 116 and/or components thereof can be configured to perform and/or can perform one or more operations. Examples of these operations and related features are shown in connection with the flowcharts of
Moreover, determining the streaming platform source may be performed after determining the particular media content being presented, and then referencing a listing of the streaming media platforms from which the particular media content is available. For instance, the audience measurement server 116 can maintain a listing indicating the streaming platforms that provide access to particular media content. Then, such a listing may be referenced after determining that a given panelist household is viewing the particular media content, and used to access a set of rules to use in identifying which of the listed streaming media platforms is associated with the current streaming access to the particular media content. Among other possibilities, such a listing may indicate a set of URLs and/or URL formats associated with certain streaming media platforms, which can then be compared with the household network traffic monitored by the streaming meter 113 to select from amongst the listed streaming media platforms.
At block 306, after aggregating a threshold set of analyzed instances of streaming the particular media content, the audience measurement server can then determine a distribution of viewing of the particular media content amongst the multiple streaming media platforms on which that particular media content is known to be available. For example, the audience measurement server may report such distributions (e.g., as percentages reflecting one or more of the number of minutes of streaming, the number of unique audience members, the number of unique views) on a periodic basis, such as monthly, weekly, quarterly, etc. so long as the total number of analyzed instances satisfy a minimum threshold. Additionally or alternatively, the audience measurement server 116 may be configured to report an estimate of such streaming platform sources on an ongoing basis, with the reporting period set dynamically to ensure that a threshold number of analyzed instances of streaming the particular media content are included within the period. In some cases, the reporting period used for the particular media content may be a rolling reporting period, and the duration of the rolling reporting period may be set based on the typical number of analyzed instances of streaming the particular media content during such rolling period satisfying the minimum threshold. In some cases, setting the minimum threshold is important to avoid spurious reporting results from media content that is not widely viewed within the analyzed sample, and therefore may not provide a statistically representative sample within a given period. In some cases, reports on the distribution of streaming platforms may be based on particular episodes of media content, such as a season finale of a popular program, and in other instances, may be based on all collective viewing of episodes and/or seasons of a multi-episode and/or multi-season media program.
At block 316, after aggregating a set of analyzed instances of streaming the particular media content during a given measurement period, the audience measurement server can then determine a distribution of viewing of the particular media content amongst the multiple streaming media platforms on which that particular media content is known to be available. For example, the audience measurement server may report such distributions (e.g., as percentages reflecting one or more of the number of minutes of streaming, the number of unique audience members, the number of unique views) on a periodic basis, such as monthly, weekly, quarterly, etc. Additionally or alternatively, the audience measurement server 116 may be configured to report an estimate of such streaming platform sources on an ongoing basis, with a rolling reporting period (e.g., the most recent 1 day, most recent 7 days, or most recent 30 days, etc.). In some cases, reports on the distribution of streaming platforms may be based on particular episodes of media content, such as a season finale of a popular program, and in other instances, may be based on all collective viewing of episodes and/or seasons of a multi-episode and/or multi-season media program.
At block 325, the audience measurement server 116 determines that at least one instance of streaming the particular media content to one of the media presentation environments is associated with a streaming platform source that is not already listed as a streaming platform source associated with the particular media content. Such a determination may be made based on information from the streaming meter 113 indicating the streaming platform source (e.g., streaming media service A 106a) that is the source of the particular media content presented on the media device 110. The audience measurement server 116 can then compare that streaming platform source (e.g., 106a) with a listing of streaming sources known to be associated with the particular media content, and if the streaming platform source is not already listed, the list reflecting the streaming platform sources on which the particular media content is available can be updated to include the additional streaming platform source. In addition, any reports of the distribution of streaming viewing of the particular media content amongst the streaming platform sources on which it is available, such as reports including pie charts similar to those illustrated in
At block 326, after updating the set of streaming platform sources associated with the particular media content, the audience measurement server 116 can aggregate a set of analyzed instances that satisfy a threshold and/or are within a defined measurement period, and then determine a distribution of the particular media content amongst the multiple streaming platform sources.
Any one or more of the above-described components, such as the audience measurement server 116, can take the form of a computing device, or a computing system that includes one or more computing devices.
The processor 402 can include one or more general-purpose processors and/or one or more special-purpose processors.
Memory 404 can include one or more volatile, non-volatile, removable, and/or non-removable storage components, such as magnetic, optical, or flash storage, and/or can be integrated in whole or in part with the processor 402. Further, memory 404 can take the form of a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, having stored thereon computer-readable program instructions (e.g., compiled or non-compiled program logic and/or machine code) that, upon execution by the processor 402, cause the computing device 400 to perform one or more operations, such as those described in this disclosure. The program instructions can define and/or be part of a discrete software application. In some examples, the computing device 400 can execute the program instructions in response to receiving an input (e.g., via the communication interface 406 and/or the user interface 408). Memory 404 can also store other types of data, such as those types described in this disclosure. In some examples, memory 404 can be implemented using a single physical device, while in other examples, memory 404 can be implemented using two or more physical devices.
The communication interface 406 can include one or more wired interfaces (e.g., an Ethernet interface) or one or more wireless interfaces (e.g., a cellular interface, Wi-Fi interface, or Bluetooth® interface). Such interfaces allow the computing device 400 to connect with and/or communicate with another computing device over a computer network (e.g., a home Wi-Fi network, cloud network, or the Internet) and using one or more communication protocols. Any such connection can be a direct connection or an indirect connection, the latter being a connection that passes through and/or traverses one or more entities, such as a router, switcher, server, or other network device. Likewise, in this disclosure, a transmission of data from one computing device to another can be a direct transmission or an indirect transmission.
The user interface 408 can facilitate interaction between computing device 400 and a user of computing device 400, if applicable. As such, the user interface 408 can include input components such as a keyboard, a keypad, a mouse, a touch-sensitive panel, a microphone, and/or a camera, and/or output components such as a display device (which, for example, can be combined with a touch-sensitive panel), a sound speaker, and/or a haptic feedback system. More generally, the user interface 408 can include hardware and/or software components that facilitate interaction between the computing device 400 and the user of the computing device 400.
The connection mechanism 410 can be a cable, system bus, computer network connection, or other form of a wired or wireless connection between components of the computing device X00.
One or more of the components of the computing device 400 can be implemented using hardware (e.g., a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), another programmable logic device, or discrete gate or transistor logic), software executed by one or more processors, firmware, or any combination thereof. Moreover, any two or more of the components of the computing device 400 can be combined into a single component, and the function described herein for a single component can be subdivided among multiple components.
Although the examples and features described above have been described in connection with specific entities and specific operations, in some scenarios, there can be many instances of these entities and many instances of these operations being performed, perhaps contemporaneously or simultaneously, on a large-scale basis.
In addition, although some of the operations described in this disclosure have been described as being performed by a particular entity, the operations can be performed by any entity, such as the other entities described in this disclosure. Further, although the operations have been recited in a particular order and/or in connection with example temporal language, the operations need not be performed in the order recited and need not be performed in accordance with any particular temporal restrictions. However, in some instances, it can be desired to perform one or more of the operations in the order recited, in another order, and/or in a manner where at least some of the operations are performed contemporaneously/simultaneously. Likewise, in some instances, it can be desired to perform one or more of the operations in accordance with one more or the recited temporal restrictions or with other timing restrictions. Further, each of the described operations can be performed responsive to performance of one or more of the other described operations. Also, not all of the operations need to be performed to achieve one or more of the benefits provided by the disclosure, and therefore not all of the operations are required.
Although certain variations have been described in connection with one or more examples of this disclosure, these variations can also be applied to some or all of the other examples of this disclosure as well and therefore aspects of this disclosure can be combined and/or arranged in many ways. The examples described in this disclosure were selected at least in part because they help explain the practical application of the various described features.
Also, although select examples of this disclosure have been described, alterations and permutations of these examples will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. Other changes, substitutions, and/or alterations are also possible without departing from the invention in its broader aspects as set forth in the following claims.
This disclosure claims priority to U.S. Provisional Pat. App. No. 63/597,336, filed Nov. 8, 2023, which is hereby incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.
Number | Date | Country | |
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63597336 | Nov 2023 | US |