Excavation bucket incorporating an impact actuator assembly

Information

  • Patent Grant
  • 6574891
  • Patent Number
    6,574,891
  • Date Filed
    Friday, September 8, 2000
    23 years ago
  • Date Issued
    Tuesday, June 10, 2003
    21 years ago
Abstract
An excavation bucket incorporating an impact actuator assembly is described herein. The excavation bucket includes a bucket body, a movable head, a movable floor portion mounted to the movable head and an impact actuator provided between and mounted to the bucket body and the movable head. The movable head is longitudinally movable in the bucket body. The movable head is provided with tools, such as teeth, to penetrate hard soils. These tools are slidably mounted in the movable head to reach a retracted position when they are pushed against hard soil. When the impact actuator is activated, the longitudinal impacts generated by the impact actuator drive the tools into the hard soil if the tools are in their retracted positions. However, if the impact actuator is activated while the tools are not in their retracted position, the longitudinal impacts will cause the repetitive longitudinal movements of the movable head and thus of the movable floor with respect to the bucket body.
Description




FIELD OF THE INVENTION




The present invention relates to excavation buckets. More particularly, the present invention is concerned with excavation buckets incorporating an impact actuator assembly.




BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION




The prior art is replete with configurations of excavating buckets designed to better dig into hard soils.




For example, U.S. Pat. No. 4,625,438 entitled: “Excavating bucket having power driven, individually controlled digging teeth” issued on Dec. 2, 1986 to Daniel S. Mozer describes an excavating bucket having a leading edge provided with a row of individually pneumatically driven digging teeth. Each digging tooth is connected to a pneumatic impact hammer that reciprocates the tooth at high speed and with great force.




The excavating bucket described by Mozer has several drawbacks. For example, since pneumatic impact hammers are used, the earth working machine to which the excavating bucket is mounted must be provided with an air compressor and adequate supplemental conduits between the air compressor and the bucket. Also, since each tooth is connected to an individual pneumatic impact hammer, the total weight of the excavating bucket is much higher than the weight of a conventional bucket, which is a disadvantage when the arm of the earthmoving machine is fully extended, since conventional earth moving machines are generally designed to move weights similar to the weight of conventional buckets. Yet another drawback of the excavating bucket of Mozer is that since impact hammers generally require an external force compressing the internal piston, the teeth will be displaced by the hammers only when they supply this compression force by contacting a hard soil.




Patent Cooperation Treaty application published under number WO 93/23210 on Nov. 25, 1993, entitled “IMPACT DEVICE” and naming Jack Benton Ottestad as inventor describes a custom impact device mounted to an excavating bucket. While the device described by Ottestad is an improvement over the device of Mozer, it still has the above mentioned drawback that the blade is only actuated by the impact device when the blade is in a position to compress the internal piston of the impact device.




OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION




An object of the present invention is therefore to provide an improved excavating bucket incorporating an impact actuator.




Another object of the invention is to provide an excavating bucket incorporating an impact actuator free of the above mentioned drawbacks of the prior art.




SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION




More specifically, in accordance with the present invention, there is provided an excavation bucket comprising:




a bucket body including a base portion and lateral side portions; the base portion having a longitudinal axis;




a movable floor so mounted to the bucket body as to (a) be longitudinally slidable between a retracted position and an extended position, and (b) provide a free space between the base portion and the movable floor; and




means for selectively slide the movable floor between the retracted and extended positions; the sliding means being mounted in the free space.




According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided an excavation bucket comprising:




a bucket body including a base portion and lateral side portions; the base portion having a longitudinal axis;




a movable head so mounted to the bucket body as to be longitudinally slidable between a retracted position and an extended position; the movable head including a movable head body provided with a proximate end and a distal end and at least one tool receiving aperture extending from the proximate end to the distal end;




a movable floor so mounted to the movable head body as to provide a free space between the base portion and the movable floor;




an impact actuator including an impact actuator body mounted to the bucket body and impact head so mounted to the actuator body as to be selectively movable between a retracted position and an extended position; the impact actuator being mounted in the free space; and




at least one tool configured and sized to be slidably inserted in the tool receiving aperture of the movable head body; when inserted in the tool receiving aperture, the tool being slidable between an extended position and a retracted position where the tool contacts the impact head; wherein the impact head, when in its extended position, (a) contacts the proximate end of the movable head body when the tool is in its extended position and (b) contacts the tool when the tool is in its retracted position.




Other objects, advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent upon reading of the following non restrictive description of preferred embodiments thereof, given by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings.











BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS




In the appended drawings:





FIG. 1

is a side elevational view illustrating an excavating bucket according to an embodiment of the present invention;





FIG. 2

is an enlarged top plan view of the excavating bucket of

FIG. 1

;





FIG. 3

is an enlarged front elevational view of the excavating bucket of

FIG. 1

;





FIG. 4

is a sectional side elevational view taken along line


4





4


of

FIG. 2

;





FIG. 5

is a sectional side elevational view taken along line


5





5


of

FIG. 2

;





FIG. 6

is a side sectional view illustrating the front portion of the excavating bucket of

FIG. 1

before a contact with a rock;





FIG. 7

is a side sectional view illustrating the excavating bucket of

FIG. 1

after a contact with a rock and before an impact of the impact actuator;





FIG. 8

is a side sectional view illustrating the excavating bucket of

FIG. 1

, where the internal hammer is preparing an impact;





FIG. 9

is a side sectional view illustrating the excavating bucket of

FIG. 1

during an impact of the impact actuator;





FIG. 10

is a side sectional view illustrating the excavating bucket of

FIG. 1

after an impact;





FIG. 11

is a side sectional view illustrating the front portion of the excavating bucket of

FIG. 1

before an impact of the impact actuator, where the digging teeth are not in contact with soil;





FIG. 12

is a side sectional view illustrating the excavating bucket of

FIG. 1

, where the internal hammer is preparing an impact;





FIG. 13

is a side sectional view illustrating the excavating bucket of

FIG. 1

during an impact of the internal hammer of the impact actuator;





FIG. 14

is a side sectional view illustrating the excavating bucket of

FIG. 1

after an impact of the internal hammer of the impact actuator;





FIG. 15

is a side elevational view of the excavating bucket of

FIG. 1

provided with a clay cutting attachment;





FIG. 16

is a side elevational view of the excavating bucket of

FIG. 1

provided with a root shredding attachment;





FIG. 17

is a side elevational view of the excavating bucket of

FIG. 1

provided with a picket ramming attachment; and





FIG. 18

is a side elevational view of the excavating bucket of

FIG. 1

provided with a compaction attachment.











DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT




Referring to

FIGS. 1

to


3


of the appended drawings, an excavation bucket


20


according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described. The excavation bucket


20


generally includes a bucket body


22


, a longitudinally movable floor


24


and an impact actuator assembly


26


.




The bucket body


22


has a longitudinal axis


23


(

FIG. 2

) and includes a base


28


, a pair of lateral side walls


30


,


32


, a rear wall


34


, and a pair of mounting elements


36


,


38


each provided with apertures


40


to which the end of the arm of a conventional earth moving machine (not shown) may be secured.




The lateral walls


30


and


32


are respectively provided with forward extension elements


31


,


33


made of a material, for example HARDOX 400™, that may be sharpened to a cutting edge. Two guiding elements


35


,


37


(see

FIG. 2

) provided with respective projections (see numeral


39


in

FIG. 4

) are respectively and fixedly mounted to the internal surfaces of the walls


30


,


32


. The purpose of the guiding elements


35


,


37


will be described hereinafter.




The movable floor


24


includes a proximate end


42


and a distal end


44


. The distal end


44


is mounted to a movable head


46


of the impact actuator assembly


26


. The movable floor


24


generally consists of a first flat portion


48


, a first angled portion


50


, a second flat portion


52


, a second angled portion


54


, third flat portion


56


, first and second vertical portions


58


and


60


(FIG.


3


), first and second lateral flat portions


62


,


64


(

FIG. 3

) and a rear curved portion


66


. As will be described hereinbelow, the movable floor


24


is so mounted to the movable assembly


46


as to be reciprocately longitudinally slidable between a retracted position (illustrated in

FIG. 1

) and an extended position (shown in FIG.


14


).




The configuration and position of the movable floor


24


with respect to the bucket body


22


create a free space


68


(

FIG. 1

) between the generally inverted U-shaped portion of the movable floor


24


and the base


28


of the bucket body


22


.




It is to be noted that the configuration of the movable floor


24


is at least partially dictated by the required shape of the free space


68


as will be described hereinbelow.




The impact actuator assembly


26


includes an impact actuator


70


, an impact head


72


and a movable head


46


.




The impact actuator


70


is fixedly mounted to the bucket


22


in the free space


68


between the movable floor


24


and the base


28


. To hydraulically connect the impact actuator


70


to the earth moving machine (not shown) the impact actuator


70


also includes a manifold


74


to which the hydraulic fluid conduits (not shown) of the earth moving machine may removably be connected. Hydraulic fluid conduits


76


are fixedly connected between the manifold


74


and the impact actuator


70


. Grease conduits (not shown) are also provided between the manifold


74


and the impact actuator


70


to allow maintenance of the impact actuator


70


without requiring the removal of the movable floor


24


.




It is to be noted that since the impact actuator


70


is similar to conventional impact actuators that are conventionally mounted to the booms of earth moving machines, conventional fluid conduits of the earth moving machine may advantageously be connected to the manifold


74


for the selective operation of the impact actuator. Accordingly, the impact actuator assembly


70


is advantageously an hydraulic impact actuator. However, a pneumatic impact actuator (not shown) could also be used, provided that adequate air supply is present on the earth moving machine. Of course, other modifications would possibly be required to allow a pneumatic impact actuator to be used.




The different elements and the general operation of a hydraulic impact actuator, such as impact actuator


70


, are believed well known in the art. Accordingly, for concision purposes, only elements relevant to the description or to the operation of the excavation bucket incorporating an impact actuator assembly of the present invention will be described hereinbelow. It will therefore be understood that omissions or generalizations in the description or in the operation of the impact actuator


70


should not be construed in any way as limiting the present invention.




Referring briefly to

FIG. 6

of the appended drawings showing a sectional view of the impact actuator


70


, the impact actuator


70


includes a generally tubular body


78


and a reciprocating hammer


80


slidably mounted in an axial aperture


82


of the body


78


for longitudinal movements between first and second positions.




The impact head


72


has a generally T-shape crosssection and includes an impact surface


73


, as can be better seen in FIG.


6


. The configuration and size of the impact head


72


allow the impact head


72


to be slidably mounted in the axial aperture


82


of the body


78


.




Returning to

FIGS. 1

to


3


, the movable head


46


is mounted to the lateral walls


30


,


32


of the bucket body


22


for reciprocal sliding movements between retracted and extended positions via a pair of cylindrical mounting pins


84


,


86


. More specifically, the cylindrical pin


84


extends through a circular aperture


88


of the wall


30


, a transversal oblong aperture


90


(see

FIG. 4

) of the movable head


46


and a circular aperture


92


of the wall


32


. Similarly, the cylindrical pin


86


extends through a circular aperture


94


of the wall


30


, a transversal oblong aperture


96


(see

FIG. 4

) of the movable head


46


and a circular aperture


98


of the wall


32


.




It is to be noted that the movable head


46


and the attached movable floor


24


may easily be removed from the bucket body


22


by removing the mounting pins


84


,


86


and by longitudinally sliding the movable head


46


from the bucket


22


.




The movable head


46


includes a solid body


100


having a proximate portion


102


, a distal portion


104


and opposite lateral walls


106


,


108


.




Turning now more specifically to

FIGS. 3

,


4


and


5


of the appended drawings the various elements of the movable head


46


will be described.




The lateral walls


106


,


108


are provided with respective channels


110


,


112


configured and sized to slidably receive the projections


39


of the guiding elements


35


,


37


to thereby slidably mount the movable head


46


to the bucket


22


. It is to be noted that the oblong shape of the apertures


90


,


96


of the body


100


allow longitudinal sliding movements of the movable head


46


with respect to the bucket


22


while adequately securing the head


46


to the bucket


22


. It is also to be noted that the cooperation of the projections


39


with the channels


110


,


112


allow longitudinal movements of the movable head


46


while preventing other movements of the movable head.




The lateral walls


106


,


108


are also provided with respective friction reducing elements


113


,


115


, partially embedded in cavities (not shown) of the lateral walls


106


,


108


, and in contact with the guiding elements


35


,


37


to reduce the wear of the surface of both the guiding elements and the body


100


. Similarly, the base


28


of the bucket


22


is provided with a shoulder


117


receiving a friction reducing pad


119


onto which the bottom of the body


100


rests. Again, the purpose of the friction reducing pad


119


is to extend the useful life of both the base


28


and the body


100


. While the material forming the friction reducing elements


113


,


115


and


119


may be modified, it has been found that Nyloil™ type material has been found an adequate friction reducing material for the intended purpose.




The body


100


includes three longitudinal tool receiving apertures


114


,


116


and


118


and a tool locking mechanism


120


. In

FIGS. 1-14

, generally cylindrical teeth


122


,


124


and


126


are inserted in respective apertures


114


,


116


and


118


. Each tooth


122


-


126


is provided with a semi-oblong tangential channel


128


in which a rotatable rod


130


of the locking mechanism


120


is inserted. The rod


130


includes tangential cutouts


132


(

FIG. 5

) registered with the tool receiving apertures


114


,


116


and


118


. The rod


130


may be rotated between a locking position (illustrated in the figures) where the rod


130


enters the channels


128


and a non locking position (not shown) where the cutouts


132


face the channels


128


of the teeth


122


,


124


and


126


to thereby allow the teeth to be removed from the respective longitudinal tool receiving apertures


114


,


116


and


118


. As an anti-theft feature, the tool locking mechanism


120


may also includes means (not shown) for preventing unauthorized rotation of the rod


130


.




The body


100


also includes four longitudinal spring receiving apertures


132


,


134


,


136


and


138


. The apertures


132


and


134


are open to the oblong aperture


90


while the apertures


136


,


138


are open to the oblong aperture


96


. The apertures


132


-


138


are configured and sized to receive respective compression springs


140


,


142


,


144


and


146


used to bias the movable head


46


towards its retracted position shown in

FIGS. 1-5

. The compression springs


140


-


146


are therefore provided between the bottom of their respective aperture


132


-


138


and one of the cylindrical mounting pin


84


,


86


. As will be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art, the generally cylindrical mounting pins


84


,


86


are advantageously provided with flat portions (not shown) onto which the springs


140


-


146


may rest.




The longitudinal apertures


114


and


118


of the body


100


are provided with respective spring receiving shoulders


148


,


150


. A first compression spring


152


(see

FIG. 3

) is mounted coaxially with the cylindrical tooth


122


between the shoulder


148


and the impact surface


73


of the impact head


72


. Similarly, a second compression spring


154


(see

FIGS. 4 and 5

) is mounted coaxially with the cylindrical tooth


126


between the shoulder


150


and the impact surface


73


of the impact head


72


.




As will be easily understood by one of ordinary skill in the art, the purpose of the compression springs


152


,


154


is to maintain an adequate longitudinal pressure onto the impact head


72


to ensure that the impact head


72


is not freely movable. The compression springs


152


,


154


therefore have a sufficient capacity to apply an adequate pressure onto the impact head


72


.




Operation of the excavating bucket


20


will now be described with reference to

FIGS. 6-14

. As will be apparent to one skilled in the art upon reading of the following description, two modes of operation exist. In a first mode of operation, illustrated in

FIGS. 6-10

and referred to as the rock-breaking mode, the excavating bucket


20


is used to break rocks or other hard soil and then to scoop it up in a conventional manner. In a second mode of operation, illustrated in

FIGS. 11-14

and referred to as the soil dumping mode, the movable floor


24


is used to disengage soil packed in the bucket body


22


.




It is to be noted that

FIGS. 6-14

are sectional views taken along the longitudinal axis


23


of the bucket


22


(see FIG.


2


).




Turning now to

FIGS. 6-10

of the appended drawings, the first mode of operation of the excavating bucket


20


of the present invention will be described. Each of these figures illustrates a general step in the breakage of a rock


200


.





FIG. 6

of the appended drawings illustrates the excavating bucket


20


in its initial position before the tooth,


124


contacts the rock


200


. Gravity maintains the tooth


124


in a fully extended position where the rod


130


contacts the upper end of the semi-oblong channel


128


. The springs


152


,


154


(only one shown) are partially compressed by the weight of the impact head


72


and by the downward pressure exerted by the hammer


80


of the impact actuator


70


when it is in its rest state. The impact surface


73


of the impact head


72


therefore rests against the proximate portion


102


of the body


100


. The springs


140


,


142


,


144


and


146


(only two shown) are partially compressed to maintain the movable head


46


in its retracted position by maintaining an adequate pressure between the cylindrical mounting pins


84


,


86


and the body


100


.




Turning now to

FIG. 7

, the contact between the distal end of the tooth


124


and the rock


200


is illustrated. The tooth


124


is pushed in the direction of arrow


202


to reach its fully retracted position illustrated in this figure. In this position, the proximate end of the tooth


124


abuts the impact surface


73


of the impact head


72


. This upward movement of the tooth


124


is caused by the movement of the arm (not shown) of the earth moving machine that pushes the excavation bucket


20


downwardly while the rock


200


prevent further forward movements of the tooth


124


. This upward movement of the tooth


124


causes the impact head


72


to be pushed upward (see arrow


204


) towards its fully retracted position while still contacting the hammer


80


.





FIG. 8

of the appended drawings illustrates the impact actuator


70


preparing for an impact. The hammer


80


is moved away from the impact head


72


(see arrow


206


) by the energization of the impact actuator


70


by the operator. It is to be noted that since the impact head


72


is in its fully retracted position, it does not follow the hammer


80


.





FIG. 9

illustrates an impact of the impact actuator


70


. During this impact, the hammer


80


is forcefully moved downwardly (see arrow


208


) in the longitudinal actuator body


78


. The hammer


80


therefore forcefully strikes the impact head


72


that, in turn, forcefully pushes (see arrow


210


) against the proximate end of the tooth


124


. Since the impact actuator


70


is fixedly mounted to the bucket body


22


, the impact of the hammer


80


onto the impact head


72


will cause the tooth


124


to forcefully move downward (see arrow


212


) in an attempt to break the rock


200


.




Finally,

FIG. 10

of the appended drawings illustrates the downward movement (see arrow


214


) of the bucket body


22


caused by the downward motion of the arm (not shown) of the earth moving machine. Since the body


78


of the impact actuator


70


is fixedly mounted to the bucket


22


, this downward movement of the bucket


22


will cause the body


78


to move downward (see arrow


216


). The tooth


124


, the impact head


72


and the hammer


80


will therefore be repositioned in a position similar to the position illustrated in

FIG. 7

, ready for another impact.




Of course, depending on the hardness of the rock


200


, it may take many impacts of the hammer


80


onto the impact head


72


before the rock


200


is fractured as shown in FIG.


10


. However, conventional impact actuator assemblies usually have a frequency of impacts of about 15 impacts every second.




It is to be noted that since the distal end of the tooth


124


is in constant contact with the rock


200


the proximate end of the tooth


124


is in constant contact with the impact head


72


. The impact surface


73


of the impact head


72


thus always impacts onto the proximate end of the tooth


124


(and possibly teeth


122


and


126


if they contact the rock


200


) without impacting onto the body


100


, which increases the useful life of the body


100


.




It is also to be noted that, as will be easily understood by one skilled in the art, the movements of the hammer


80


into the actuator body


78


are not independently controlled by the operator of the earth moving machine. Indeed, the impact actuator


70


, when energized, takes control of the movements of the hammer


80


. Therefore, the operator simply has to decide when the impact actuator


70


should be used to more easily scoop or break the intended material.




Turning now to

FIG. 11-14

of the appended drawings, the second mode of operation of the excavation bucket


20


, i.e. in view of disengaging soil (not shown) that has been packed in the bucket body


22


, will be described.




The main difference between the second mode of operation of the excavation bucket


20


and its first mode of operation described hereinabove is that, in the second mode, the teeth


122


-


126


are not in contact with a hard surface and thus not in contact with the impact head


72


. The downward movement of the impact head


72


will therefore cause it to contact forcefully the body


100


of the impact head


46


. This impact will move the movable floor


24


forward and therefore assist in the disengagement of packed soil in the bucket


22


.




More specifically,

FIG. 11

illustrates the excavation bucket


20


in a non operating state. The tooth


124


is maintained in its fully extended position by gravity. The springs


152


,


154


(only one shown) are partially compressed by the weight of the impact head


72


and by the downward pressure exerted by the hammer


80


of the impact actuator


70


when it is in its rest state. The impact surface


73


of the impact head


72


therefore rests against the proximate portion


102


of the body


100


. The springs


140


,


142


,


144


and


146


(only two shown) are partially compressed to maintain the movable head


46


in its retracted position by maintaining an adequate pressure between the cylindrical mounting pins


84


,


86


and the body


100


.





FIG. 12

illustrates the impact actuator


70


preparing an impact. The hammer


80


is moved upwardly (see arrow


218


) by the energization of the impact actuator


70


by the operator. It is to be noted that the impact head


72


is moved (see arrow


219


) from its extended position of

FIG. 11

to its fully retracted position of

FIG. 12

by the springs


152


,


154


. Indeed, the energization of the impact actuator


70


removes the pressure from the hammer


80


onto the impact head


72


and therefore allows the springs


152


,


154


to move the impact head


72


upwardly.





FIG. 13

illustrates the impact between the hammer


80


and the impact head


72


. The hammer


80


is forcefully moved downwardly (see arrow


220


) and impacts the impact head


72


.




The downward movement (see arrow


222


) of the impact head


72


is illustrated in FIG.


14


. The impact surface


73


of the impact head


72


compresses the springs


152


,


154


to contact the proximate portion


102


of the body


100


to forcefully slide it downwardly (see arrow


224


). Of course, since the movable floor


24


is fixedly mounted to the body


100


, it will also be downwardly slid. The movement of the body


100


also compresses the springs


140


,


142


,


144


and


146


.




Turning briefly to

FIG. 1

of the appended drawings, it is to be noted that the rear curved portion


66


of the movable floor


24


pushes the soil (not shown) packed in the bucket


22


when the movable floor


24


is slid as described hereinabove. This curved portion


66


also prevents large pieces of soil to enter the free space


68


between the movable floor


24


and the base


28


.




Returning to

FIG. 14

, once the energy of the impact head


72


is transferred to the body


100


, the compressed springs


140


-


146


will move the body


100


, and thus the movable floor


24


, from its extended position illustrated in

FIG. 14

to its retracted position illustrated in

FIG. 11

while the compressed springs


152


,


154


will move the impact head


72


from its extended position illustrated in

FIG. 14

to its retracted position illustrated in

FIG. 11

in preparation for further impacts.




As described hereinabove, since conventional impact actuators have a frequency of operation of about


15


cycles per second, the movable floor


24


will be slid back and forth about


15


times per second, thus facilitating the disengagement of soil packed in the bucket body


22


.




As will be easily understood by one skilled in the art, the excavation bucket


20


of the present invention has many advantages over the prior art, for example:




the constant pressure applied by the springs


152


,


154


onto the impact head


72


allow the impact actuator


70


to be used to disengage soil packed in the bucket body


22


;




the fact that the impact head


72


does not contact the body


100


during hard soil breaking operations increases the useful life of the movable head


46


;




the use of cylindrical mounting pins


84


,


86


to mount the movable head


46


to the bucket


22


allows the moveable head


46


to be easily removed;




the mechanical elements are mainly provided in the body


100


of the movable head


46


; and




the body


100


is advantageously made of a single piece of an adequate metallic material.





FIG. 15

of the appended drawings illustrates the excavation bucket


20


to which a clay cutting attachment


300


has been fitted. The clay cutting attachment


300


includes a central mounting rods


302


and two lateral mounting rods


304


(only one shown) configured, sized and positioned to enter the three tool receiving apertures


114


,


116


and


118


of the body


100


. Each mounting rod is provided with a tangential channel


306


enabling the rods to be locked in position by the tool locking mechanism


120


as described hereinabove with respect to the teeth


122


,


124


and


126


. The edge


308


of the clay cutting attachment


300


is sufficiently sharp to easily cut through clay.




Turning now to

FIG. 16

, a root shredding attachment


400


will be described. The root shredding attachment


400


includes a central mounting rods


402


and two lateral mounting rods


404


(only one shown) configured, sized and positioned to enter the three tool receiving apertures


114


,


116


and


118


of the body


100


. Again, each mounting rod is provided with a tangential channel


406


enabling the rods to be locked in position by the tool locking mechanism


120


. The root shredding attachment


400


includes a serrated central blade


408


and a pair of lateral serrated blades


410


(only one shown).





FIG. 17

illustrates a picket ramming attachment


500


including a central mounting rods


502


and two lateral mounting rods


504


(only one shown) configured, sized and positioned to enter the three tool receiving apertures


114


,


116


and


118


of the body


100


. Again, each mounting rod is provided with a tangential channel


506


enabling the rods to be locked in position by the tool locking mechanism


120


. The picket ramming attachment


500


includes a cylindrical picket holder


508


that may be pivoted about a pivot attachment


510


. A picket to be rammed (not shown) is inserted in the picket holder


508


and the impact actuator


70


is energized to help ramming the picket in the ground.




Finally,

FIG. 18

illustrates a compaction attachment


600


including a central mounting rods


602


and two lateral mounting rods


604


(only one shown) configured, sized and positioned to enter the three tool receiving apertures


114


,


116


and


118


of the body


100


. Again, each mounting rod is provided with a tangential channel


606


enabling the rods to be locked in position by the tool locking mechanism


120


. The compaction attachment


600


includes a flat compaction head


608


that may be pivoted about a pivot attachment


610


.




It is to be noted that the energization of the impact actuator


70


could be done automatically when the tooth


124


contacts a hard surface. For example, a pressure sensor (not shown) could be associated with the tooth


124


to detect the contact between the tooth


124


and the impact head


72


. The output of this sensor would be used to selectively energize the impact actuator


70


when the pressure detected is above a predetermined level. Another way of achieving the same result would be to provide a displacement sensor (not shown) detecting the displacement of the tooth


124


with respect to the bucket body


22


. Again, the output of this sensor would be used to selectively energize the impact actuator


70


when the displacement detected is above a predetermined level.




Although the present invention has been described hereinabove by way of preferred embodiments thereof, it can be modified, without departing from the spirit and nature of the subject invention as defined in the appended claims.



Claims
  • 1. An excavation bucket comprising:a bucket body including a floor portion and lateral side portions; said floor portion having a longitudinal axis; a movable floor so mounted to said bucket body as to (a) be longitudinally slidable between a retracted position and an extended position, and (b) provide a free space between said floor portion and said movable floor; and sliding means for selectively sliding said movable floor between said retracted and extended positions; said sliding means being mounted in said free space, said sliding means including an impact actuator.
  • 2. An excavation bucket as recited in claim 1, wherein said sliding means are fixedly mounted to said bucket body and associated with said movable floor.
  • 3. An excavation bucket as recited in claim 1 wherein said impact actuator includes an actuator body mounted to said bucket body and an impact head so mounted to said actuator body as to be selectively movable between a retracted position and an extended position.
  • 4. An excavation bucket as recited in claim 3, further comprising a movable head so mounted to said bucket body as to be longitudinally slidable between a retracted position and an extended position; said movable floor being fixedly mounted to said movable head; said movable head including a movable head body and first biasing means biasing said movable head body towards said retracted position.
  • 5. An excavation bucket as recited in claim 4, wherein said first biasing means include at least one compression spring.
  • 6. An excavation bucket as recited in claim 4, further comprising second biasing means mounted between said movable head body and said impact head to bias said impact head towards its retracted position.
  • 7. An excavation bucket as recited in claim 6, wherein said second biasing means include at least one compression spring.
  • 8. An excavation bucket as recited in claim 6, wherein said movable head body includes at least one longitudinal tool receiving aperture.
  • 9. An excavation bucket as recited in claim 8, further comprising a clay cutting attachment releasably inserted in said at least one tool receiving aperture.
  • 10. An excavation bucket as recited in claim 8, further comprising a root shredding attachment releasably inserted in said at least one tool receiving aperture.
  • 11. An excavation bucket as recited in claim 8, further comprising a picket ramming attachment releasably inserted in said at least one tool receiving aperture.
  • 12. An excavation bucket as recited in claim 8, further comprising a compaction attachment releasably inserted in said at least one tool receiving aperture.
  • 13. An excavation bucket as recited in claim 8, wherein said movable head body has a proximate end and a distal end; said at least one longitudinal tool receiving aperture extending from said proximate end to said distal end; said movable head further including at least one tool configured and sized to be slidably inserted in said at least one tool receiving aperture; said at least one tool being slidable between an extended position and a retracted position where said at least one tool contacts said impact head; wherein (a) reciprocate movements of said impact head of said impact actuator slide said movable floor when said at least one tool is in its extended position and (b) reciprocate movements of said impact head of said impact actuator slide said at least one tool when said at least one tool is in its retracted position.
  • 14. An excavation bucket as recited in claim 13, wherein said movable head body also includes a tool locking mechanism to selectively lock said at least one tool in said at least one tool receiving aperture while allowing the sliding movements of said at least one tool between said extended and retracted positions.
  • 15. An excavation bucket as recited in claim 14, wherein said tool locking mechanism includes a cylindrical rod so mounted to a transversal aperture of said movable head body as to be rotatable between a locking position and an unlocking position; said cylindrical rod including at least one longitudinal channel facing a tangential channel of said at least one tool when said pivot bar in said non locking position.
  • 16. An excavation bucket as recited in claim 13, wherein said tool holding assembly includes three tool receiving longitudinal apertures.
  • 17. An excavation bucket as recited in claim 16, further comprising three teeth releasably mounted to a respective tool receiving aperture.
  • 18. An excavation bucket as recited in claim 4, wherein said movable head includes means for preventing its extended position to be exceeded.
  • 19. An excavation bucket as recited in claim 18, wherein said preventing means including means for mounting said movable head body to said bucket body while allowing said movable head body to slide between said retracted and extended positions.
  • 20. An excavation bucket as recited in claim 19, wherein said mounting means include a mounting rod, transversal oblong apertures of the movable head body and circular apertures of the lateral side portions; said mounting rod being configured and sized to be inserted in the oblong and circular apertures to therefore mount the movable head body to the side portions of the bucket body while allowing longitudinal movements of the movable head body.
  • 21. An excavation bucket as recited in claim 1, wherein said lateral side portions of said bucket body include internal lateral guides allowing longitudinal movements of said movable floor and preventing other movements of said movable floor.
  • 22. An excavation bucket comprising:a bucket body including a floor portion and lateral side portions; said floor portion having a longitudinal axis; a movable head so mounted to said bucket body as to be longitudinally slidable between a retracted position and an extended position; said movable head including a movable head body provided with a proximate end and a distal end and at least one tool receiving aperture extending from said proximate end to said distal end; a movable floor so mounted to said movable head body as to provide a free space between said floor portion and said movable floor; an impact actuator including an impact actuator body mounted to said bucket body and impact head so mounted to said actuator body as to be selectively movable between a retracted position and an extended position; said impact actuator being mounted in said free space; and at least one tool configured and sized to be slidably inserted in said at least one tool receiving aperture of said movable head body; when inserted in said at least one tool receiving aperture, said at least one tool being slidable between an extended position and a retracted position where said at least one tool contacts said impact head; wherein said impact head, when in its extended position, (a) contacts said proximate end of said movable head body when said at least one tool is in its extended position and (b) contacts said at least one tool when said at least one tool is in its retracted position.
  • 23. An excavation bucket as recited in claim 22, further comprising biasing means biasing said movable head body towards said retracted position.
  • 24. An excavation bucket as recited in claim 23, wherein said biasing means include at least one compression spring.
  • 25. An excavation bucket as recited in claim 22, further comprising biasing means mounted between said movable head body and said impact head to bias said impact head towards its retracted position.
  • 26. An excavation bucket as recited in claim 25, wherein said biasing means include at least one compression spring.
  • 27. An excavation bucket as recited in claim 22, wherein said movable head body also includes a tool locking mechanism to selectively lock said at least one tool in said at least one tool receiving aperture while allowing the sliding movements of said at least one tool between its extended and retracted positions.
  • 28. An excavation bucket as recited in claim 27, wherein said tool locking mechanism includes a cylindrical rod so mounted to a transversal aperture of said movable head body as to be rotatable between a locking position and an unlocking position; said cylindrical rod including at least one longitudinal channel facing a tangential channel of said at least one tool when said pivot bar in said non locking position.
  • 29. An excavation bucket as recited in claim 22, wherein said movable head includes means for preventing its extended position to be exceeded.
  • 30. An excavation bucket as recited in claim 29, wherein said preventing means including means for mounting said movable head body to said bucket body while allowing said movable head body to slide between said retracted and extended positions.
  • 31. An excavation bucket as recited in claim 30, wherein said mounting means include a mounting rod, transversal oblong apertures of the movable head body and circular apertures of the lateral side portions; said mounting rod being configured and sized to be inserted in the oblong and circular apertures to therefore mount the movable head body to the side portions of the bucket body while allowing longitudinal movements of the movable head body.
  • 32. An excavation bucket as recited in claim 22, wherein said tool holding assembly includes three tool receiving longitudinal apertures.
  • 33. An excavation bucket as recited in claim 32, wherein said at least one tool include three teeth releasably mounted to a respective tool receiving aperture.
  • 34. An excavation bucket as recited in claim 22, wherein said at least one tool includes a clay cutting attachment releasably inserted in said at least one tool receiving aperture.
  • 35. An excavation bucket as recited in claim 22, wherein said at least one tool includes a root shredding attachment releasably inserted in said at least one tool receiving aperture.
  • 36. An excavation bucket as recited in claim 22, wherein said at least one tool includes a picket ramming attachment releasably inserted in said at least one tool receiving aperture.
  • 37. An excavation bucket as recited in claim 22, wherein said at least one tool includes a compaction attachment releasably inserted in said at least one tool receiving aperture.
  • 38. An excavation bucket as recited in claim 22, wherein said lateral side portions of said bucket body includes internal lateral guides allowing longitudinal movements of said movable floor and preventing other movements of said movable floor.
PCT Information
Filing Document Filing Date Country Kind
PCT/CA98/00205 WO 00
Publishing Document Publishing Date Country Kind
WO99/46451 9/16/1999 WO A
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