The present invention relates to an exhaust emission control device.
It has been recently proposed that a particulate filter for capturing of particulates in exhaust gas is incorporated in an exhaust pipe and a selective reduction catalyst capable of selectively reacting NOx with ammonia even in the presence of oxygen is arranged downstream of the particulate filter, urea water as reducing agent being added between the reduction catalyst and the particulate filter, thereby attaining reduction of both the particulates and NOx.
Such addition of the urea water to the selective reduction catalyst is conducted between the particulate filter and the selective reduction catalyst. Thus, in order to ensure sufficient reaction time for pyrolysis of the urea water added to the exhaust gas into ammonia and carbon dioxide gas, it is necessary to prolong a distance between a urea water added position and the selective reduction catalyst. However, such arrangement of the particulate filter and the selective reduction catalyst substantially spaced apart from each other will extremely impair the mountability on a vehicle.
In order to overcome this, a compact, exhaust emission control device as shown in
As shown in
Arranged in the casing 7 and in front of the particulate filter 5 is an oxidation catalyst 11 for oxidization treatment of unburned fuel in the exhaust gas 3, and arranged in the casing 8 and behind the selective reduction catalyst 6 is an ammonia reducing catalyst 12 for oxidization treatment of surplus ammonia.
With the exhaust emission control device thus constructed, particulates in the exhaust gas 3 are captured by the particulate filter 5. Intermediately of the mixing pipe 9B downstream of the filter, the urea water is added into the exhaust gas 3 by the urea water addition means 10 and is decomposed into ammonia and carbon dioxide gas; on the selective reduction catalyst 6, NOx in the exhaust gas 3 is favorably reduced and depurated by the ammonia. As a result, both the particulates and NOx in the exhaust gas 3 are reduced.
In this situation, the exhaust gas 3 from the outlet end of the particulate filter 5 is introduced into the inlet end of the adjacent selective reduction catalyst 6 through antithetical turnabout by the communication passage 9, which ensures a long distance between the urea water added position intermediately of the communication passage 9 and the selective reduction catalyst 6 and facilitates mixing of the urea water with the exhaust gas 3 due to the antithetical turnabout of and thus turbulence of the exhaust gas flow, resulting in ensuring sufficient reaction time for production of ammonia from the urea water.
Moreover, the particulate filter 5 is arranged in parallel with the selective reduction catalyst 6 and the communication passage 9 is arranged along and between the filter 5 and the catalyst 6, so that the whole structure is compact in size to substantially improve the mountability on a vehicle.
As a prior art literature pertinent to the invention, there is, for example, the following Patent Literature 1.
[Patent Literature 1] JP 2005-155404A
Even though the applied structure as shown in
It would be possible to suppress the above-mentioned biased exhaust gas flow by turning about the exhaust gas at a position sufficiently away from the inlet end of the selective reduction catalyst to introduce the exhaust gas axially of the selective reduction catalyst. However, it would preposterously resulting in deterioration in mountability.
It may be also conceivable that a dispersion plate is arranged on an inlet side of the selective reduction catalyst for facilitation of uniformalized flow. However, in the situation of the selective reduction catalyst with the urea water being used as reducing agent as illustrated, shielding of the flow by any resistive body such as a dispersion plate after addition of the urea water may bring about corrosion of misty, not completely ammonized urea water on the resistive body to induce deposition of urea. Therefore, intervention by the dispersion plate is to be avoided as much as possible.
The invention was made in view of the above and has its object to attain introduction of exhaust gas through turnabout into a post-treatment unit such as a selective reduction catalyst with uniformized flow distribution of the exhaust gas.
The invention is directed to an exhaust emission control device wherein a post-treatment unit for depuration of exhaust gas passing therethrough is arranged in an exhaust system, a layout being applied which introduces the exhaust gas into the post-treatment unit through turnabout, characterized by comprising an introductory part which encircles an inlet end of the post-treatment unit and which introduces the exhaust gas through an exhaust inlet port from a direction substantially perpendicular to an axis of said post-treatment unit, said introductory part being formed with a first depression which is cambered away from the inlet end of the post-treatment unit and which approaches the inlet end of the post-treatment unit as the first depression extends away from the exhaust inlet port into an introduction direction of the exhaust gas.
Thus, when the exhaust gas introduced through the exhaust inlet port from the direction substantially perpendicular to the axis of the post-treatment unit into the introductory part flows axially of the post-treatment unit through turnabout, the flow of the exhaust gas directed outwardly of a turning direction thereof is suppressed by the first depression and that of the exhaust gas directed inwardly of the turning direction is induced so that the tendency of relatively much exhaust gas flow biased outwardly of the turning direction is rectified to uniformize distribution of the exhaust gas flow into the post-treatment unit.
Moreover, it is preferable in the invention that the exhaust passage connected to the exhaust inlet port of the introductory part extends to be directed toward an outlet side of the post-treatment unit, and a second depression is formed just in front of a curved portion constituted by the exhaust passage and the exhaust inlet port so as to guide the flow of the exhaust gas inwardly of the turning direction toward outward.
Thus, for example, for a case where center-to-center distance between the post-treatment unit and the exhaust passage upstream of the exhaust inlet port is fixed and unchangeable due to layout restrictions, the second depression causes a portion of the exhaust passage inwardly of the turning direction once directed outward at a position just in front of the curved portion so that a curvature of the curved portion can be reduced for alleviation of pace of curving, resulting in guidance of the exhaust gas flow into the exhaust inlet port in a smooth manner as much as possible.
An exhaust emission control device of the invention can attain various effects and advantages as mentioned below.
(I) The exhaust gas can be introduced through the turnabout into the post-treatment unit such as a selective reduction catalyst with uniformized distribution of the exhaust gas, so that the whole volume of the post-treatment unit can be effectively utilized for sufficient bringing-out of the exhaust depuration ability to be inherently exerted.
(II) When the exhaust passage connected to the exhaust inlet port of the introductory part extends to be directed toward the outlet side of the post-treatment unit and the second depression is formed just in front of the curved portion constituted by the exhaust passage and exhaust inlet port so as to guide the flow of the exhaust gas inwardly of the turning direction toward outside, the curvature of the curved portion constituted by the exhaust passage and exhaust inlet port can be reduced for alleviation of pace of curving, resulting in guidance of the exhaust gas flow into the exhaust inlet port in a smooth manner as much as possible. As a result, the tendency of relatively much exhaust gas biased outwardly of the turning direction can be further rectified and substantial increase in pressure loss due to the turnabout of the exhaust gas can be also prevented.
3 exhaust gas
4 exhaust pipe
6 selective reduction catalyst (post-treatment unit)
13 exhaust inlet port
14 introductory part
15 depression (first depression)
16 mixing pipe (exhaust passage)
17 depression (second depression)
An embodiment of the invention will be described in conjunction with the drawings.
A mixing pipe 16 (exhaust passage) extending to an inlet side of the selective reduction catalyst 6 is integrally formed with the exhaust inlet port 13 at the introductory part 14. Formed just in front of a curved portion provided by the mixing pipe 16 and the exhaust inlet port 13 is a depression 17 (second depression) which guides the exhaust gas flowing inwardly of the turning direction to outward.
The portion of the mixing pipe 16 formed with the depression 17 is vertically expanded in cross section as shown in
When it is thus constructed, the exhaust gas 3 introduced into the introductory part 14 through the exhaust inlet port 13 from the direction substantially perpendicular to the axis of the selective reduction catalyst 6 flows axially of the selective reduction catalyst 6 through turnabout, with the flow of the exhaust gas 3 directed outwardly of the turning direction being suppressed by the depression 15 and that of the exhaust gas directed inwardly of the turnabout being induced. As a result, the tendency of the flow of relatively much exhaust gas 3 biased outwardly of the turning direction is rectified to uniformiaze the distribution of the exhaust gas 3 flow into the selective reduction catalyst 6.
Moreover, especially in this embodiment, the depression 17 is formed just in front of the curved portion constituted by the mixing pipe 16 and the exhaust inlet port 13 so as to guide the flow of the exhaust gas 3 inwardly of the turning direction toward outward, so that even if center-to-center distance between the mixing pipe 16 and the selective reduction catalyst 6 is fixed and unchangeable from layout restrictions, the depression 17 causes the portion of the exhaust passage inwardly of the turning direction once directed outward at a position just in front of the curved portion so that a curvature of the curved portion can be reduced for alleviation of pace of curving, resulting in guidance of the exhaust gas flow into the exhaust inlet port 13 in a smooth manner as much as possible.
Thus, according to the above-mentioned embodiment, because of the depression 15 formed on the introductory part 14, the exhaust gas 3 can be introduced into the selective reduction catalyst 6 through the turnabout with distribution of the flow of the exhaust gas 3 being uniformized, so that the whole volume of the selective reduction catalyst 6 can be efficiently utilized for exertion of sufficient NOx reduction effect, resulting in sufficient bringing-out of the exhaust depuration ability of the selective reduction catalyst 6 to be inherently exerted.
Moreover, formation of the depression 17 just in front of the curved portion constituted by the mixing pipe 16 and the exhaust inlet port 13 makes it possible to reduce the curvature of the curved portion for alleviation of pace of curving and to guide the flow of the exhaust gas 3 into the exhaust inlet port 13 with a smooth manner as much as possible. As a result, the tendency of relatively much exhaust gas 3 biased outwardly of the turning direction can be further rectified and substantial increase in pressure loss due to turnabout of the exhaust gas 3 can be prevented.
As in the present embodiment, especially in the case where the selective reduction catalyst 6 using the urea water as the reduced catalyst constitutes the post-treatment unit, meritoriously overcome are the possibility that the misty urea water may collide against an inner wall of the curved portion owing to increased pressure loss because of the turnabout of the exhaust gas to induce the deposition of urea and the possibility that arrangement of a dispersion plate on the inlet side of the selective reduction catalyst 6 may cause the misty urea water to collides against the dispersion plate to induce the deposition of urea.
It is to be understood that an exhaust emission control device according to the invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment and that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, in the illustration, the invention is applied to the inlet side of the selective reduction catalyst in a case where the particulate filter is arranged in parallel with the selective reduction catalyst; however, the invention may be also similarly applicable to any post-treatment unit other than the selective reduction catalyst. The invention may be also applicable to exhaust emission control devices of various type with layouts using turnabout of the exhaust gas into the post-treatment unit.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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2007-237907 | Sep 2007 | JP | national |
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
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PCT/JP2008/000609 | 3/17/2008 | WO | 00 | 3/12/2010 |