The present invention relates to an expansion device for expanding a pipe. In particular the pipe to be expanded is a well tubular, such as a casing or a slotted tube in a well, or a tube within a well tubular.
An example of an expansion device for expanding a pipe is disclosed in International patent application publication No. 02/086 285. This publication discloses an expansion device having a front end and a rear end and it comprises an expansion cone tapering in forward direction towards the front end of the expansion device, a set of guide rods, an actuator capable of displacing, during normal operation, the expansion cone and the set of guide rods relative to each other, and two one-directional end anchors arranged at either end of the set of guide rods, which end anchors are capable of cooperating with the inner surface of the pipe to prevent movement of the the set of guide rods relative to the pipe, when during normal operation, the expansion cone is displaced relative to the guide rods in the forward direction.
The known expansion device is, during normal operation, attached to the lower end of a tubular.
Normal operation of the known expansion device comprises two steps, an expansion step and a reset step. The initial position of the expansion step is that the end anchors are set, wherein the end anchor at the front is set in the unexpanded part of the pipe and anchor at the back is set in the part of the pipe that has been expanded, and wherein the expansion cone is in a first position close to the end anchor. The actuator is powered so as to force the expansion cone in forward direction to expand the pipe, during expansion the end anchors take up the axial force. The actuator is powered by fluid under pressure supplied through the tubular to which the expansion device is attached. When the anchor has arrived at the front anchor, powering the actuator is interrupted and the displacement of the expansion cone stops.
Resetting the expansion cone is done by pushing the tubular in order to move the expansion device forwards. The end anchors do not prevent this displacement, because they work in one direction only. The expansion cone cannot move forwards, so that the guide rods are displaced forwards relative to the expansion cone. When the end anchor at the back has arrived at the expansion cone, the displacement of the guide rods is interrupted and the expansion device has returned to its initial state.
It will be understood that an advantage of the application of two end anchors is that the expansion device can be used to expand an entire length of pipe. At the start of expanding a pipe, the front anchor can be set in the unexpanded pipe section, whilst the back anchor has no expanded pipe in which it can set. On completing the expansion, the back anchor can be set in the expanded pipe section, whilst the front anchor extends out of the pipe.
A drawback of the known expansion device is that the device is not reset automatically.
It is an object of the present invention to provide an expansion device that works automatically.
To this end the expansion device for expanding a pipe according to the present invention, which expansion device has a front end and a rear end, comprises
The invention will now be described by way of example in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawing, wherein
Reference is now made to
The expansion device 1 further comprises a retrievable end anchor 15 arranged at an end (the front end 2) of the elongated cone-guide 10. The end anchor 15 is capable of cooperating with the inner surface of the pipe (not shown) to prevent movement of the elongated cone-guide 10 relative to the pipe, when, during normal operation, the expansion cone 5 is displaced relative to the elongated cone-guide 10 in the forward direction 8. In addition the expansion device 1 suitably comprises a middle anchor 17 joined to the expansion cone 5. The middle anchor 17 is capable of cooperating with the inner surface of the pipe (not shown) to prevent movement of the expansion cone 5 relative to the pipe, when, during normal operation, the elongated cone-guide 10 is displaced relative to the expansion cone 5 in the forward direction 8. The anchors 15 and 17 are one-directional anchors, or they can be settable anchors that are only set to prevent displacement in an undesired direction.
The elongated cone-guide 10 is a tube, having a central longitudinal axis 20.
The actuator 11 includes a hydraulic drive means including an annular piston 25 protruding from the elongated cone-guide 10, and a first member connected to the expansion cone 5 in the form of a cylinder 26 slidingly arranged over the piston 25. The hydraulic drive means for axially moving the first and second members relative to each other is adapted to move the expansion cone in forward direction through the pipe when the anchor is anchored to the inner surface of the pipe, to move the first and second members relative to each other so as to move the anchor in forward direction through the pipe when the anchor is released from the inner surface of the pipe.
The cylinder 26 has annular sealing rims 27 and 28 at either end of the cylinder 26, which define a front chamber 30 and a rear chamber 31, respectively. The actuator 11 further includes a fluid supply for alternatingly supplying pressure fluid to the front chamber 30 to displace the expansion cone 5 in forward direction relative to the elongated cone-guide 10 and to the rear chamber 31 to displace the elongated cone-guide 10 in forward direction relative to the expansion cone 5.
The fluid supply includes a front passage 35 arranged near the front of the annular piston 25, a rear passage 36 arranged near the rear of the annular piston 25, and a flow control means (not shown) for allowing or preventing pressure fluid from flowing through the front passage 35 or through the rear passage 36 into the respective chamber 30 or 31.
Allowing pressure fluid to enter from the interior 38 of the elongated cone-guide 10 via the rear passage 36 into the rear chamber 31 causes the elongated cone-guide 10 to move in forward direction 8 relative to the expansion cone 5. The forward movement is stopped when a front stop 40 touches the front annular sealing rim 27. This position is the first state. Allowing pressure fluid to enter from the interior 38 of the elongated cone-guide 10 via the front passage 35 into the front chamber 30 causes the expansion cone 5 to move in forward direction 8 relative to the elongated cone-guide 10. The forward movement is stopped when the rear annular sealing rim 28 touches a rear stop 41. This position is the second state.
Pressure fluid is supplied to the interior 38 through a suspension pipe (not shown). The wall of the cylinder 26 is provided with outlets (not shown) having a suitable valve (not shown) to allow draining of fluid from the chambers 30 and 31.dc
In the above-described embodiment of the invention, the actuator 11 included a single annular piston 25 protruding from the elongated cone-guide 10 and a cylinder 26 slidingly arranged over the piston 25 having two chambers 30 and 31. It will be understood that the actuator can as well have more than one annular piston and that the cylinder can have more than one chamber (two chambers per piston).
When the expansion device is in the first state, it can start an expansion stroke. At the end of the expansion stroke, the expansion device is in the second state and it can start a reset stroke. This sequence will now be discussed with reference to
a, 2b and 2c show schematically a partial sectional view of the expansion device 1 according to the present invention is arranged in a pipe 45 that is being expanded. Parts already discussed with reference to the previous Figures have got the same reference numerals.
The pipe 45 comprises three sections, an unexpanded section 45a, and expanding section 45b and an expanded section 45c. In addition to the front anchor 15 the expansion device 1 is provided with a second retrievable anchor in the form of rear anchor 47. The second retrievable, one-directional end anchor 47 is arranged at the rear of the elongated cone-guide 10, and the end anchor 47 is capable of cooperating with the inner surface of the pipe 45 to prevent movement of the elongated cone-guide 10 relative to the pipe 45, when, during normal operation, the expansion cone 5 is displaced relative to the elongated cone-guide 10 in the forward direction 8. The anchor 47 is a one-directional anchor, or it can be a settable anchor that is only set to prevent displacement in an undesired direction.
a shows the first stage, start of the expansion stroke, of the expansion method with the expansion device according to the invention.
At start of the expansion stroke, the expansion device 1 is anchored in the pipe 45 by means of the rear anchor 47 in pipe section 45c and the front anchor 15 in pipe section 45a. The expansion device 1 is the first state and the actuator 11 is actuated, such that the expansion cone 5 is displaced in forward direction 8 to expand the pipe 45. This is done by supplying pressure fluid to the front chamber 30 (see
b shows an intermediate stage in the expansion process.
c shows the end of the expansion stroke, when the expansion device 1 is in the second state. At the end of the expansion stroke, the reset stroke is started. In the reset stroke the actuator 11 is actuated so as to displace the elongated cone-guide 10 in forward direction relative to the expansion cone 5. This is done by supplying pressure fluid to the rear chamber 31 (see
Having returned the expansion device to the first state as shown in
Reference is now made to
The elongated cone-guide 10 is a double-walled tube 50, having an inner wall 52 and an outer wall 53. The passages 35 and 36 extend through the double-walled tube 50.
For reasons that will get clear when discussing
There is an annular chamber 61 between the walls 52 and 53 of the double-walled tube 50. The front passage 35 and the rear passage 36 extend through the walls 52 and 53 of the double-walled tube 50. The valve includes a sliding valve 65 arranged in the annular chamber 61, which sliding valve 65 is provided with a valve passage 66. The sliding valve 65 can be displaced between a front position in which the valve passage 66 is at the position of the front passage 35 and a rear position in which the valve passage 66 is at the position of the rear passage 36. The actuator 11 further includes driving means for displacing the sliding valve 65 between the front position and the rear position.
During normal operation, at the start of the expansion stroke the sliding valve 65 is in the position shown in
To begin the reset stroke, the sliding valve 65 is displaced to its rear position (see
The expansion device according to the present invention includes a driving means, and reference is made to
The front end driving means includes a releasable pusher 72 having a head 73. The pusher 72 is spring-loaded by spring 74. The forward end of the spring 74 is resting against a front stop 75 that is fixed to the inner wall 52.
In
Reference is now made to
There is a similar driving means at the rear end (not shown).
The front stop 75 that is fixed to the inner wall 52 is suitably the joint between the inner wall 52 and the outer wall 53 of the double-walled tube 50.
When needed a guide (not shown) can be placed near the pusher 72 to direct the rear end of the pusher 72 under the approaching wedge 58.
The rear anchor 47 can be connected to the elongated cone-guide 10 with some axial play to allow for contraction of the pipe that is being expanded. There is provided a spring (not shown) to return the rear anchor 47 to its initial position. It will be understood that when the rear anchor 47 is connected with axial play to the elongated cone-guide, the front anchor will take up the axial reaction force associated with expanding the pipe.
In the embodiment discussed with reference to
It will be understood that the expansion cone 5 can have any shape or design, provided that it can expand a pipe when being displaced into the pipe.
The present invention provides a simple expansion device that is capable of progressing automatically through a pipe that is to be expanded.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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03076311.4 | May 2003 | EP | regional |
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
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PCT/EP04/50681 | 5/3/2004 | WO | 7/5/2006 |