Presented herein is a bone screw system. More specifically, a bone screw for use in spinal surgery is presented.
Spinal surgeons often treat spinal disorders with spinal fusion augmented with elongated spinal rods connected to the spine with pedicle screws. Such “rod assemblies” generally comprise one or two spinal rods and a plurality of screws inserted through the pedicles and into their respective vertebral bodies. The screws are provided with connectors, for coupling the spinal rods to the screws. The spinal rods extend along the longitudinal axis of the spine, coupling to the plurality of screws via their connectors. The aligning influence of the rods forces the patient's spine to conform to a more appropriate shape.
Presented herein is a bone screw system that comprises a fixation element, a receiving element, coupling element, and a compression element. The fixation element can be a screw. The receiving element defines an internal bore sized to receive the shank portion of the fixation element and a seat adapted to support the head portion of the fixation element. The seat of the receiving element is shaped to substantially conform to an exterior portion of the head portion of the fixation element.
The receiving element is further adapted to receive a stabilizer rod. As such, in one aspect, the receiving element comprises a pair of opposed legs separated by a rod-receiving channel. In another aspect, the bone screw system also comprises a pair of leg extensions. Each leg extension has a first end and a second end, where the second end is coupled to a respective opposed leg of the receiving element.
The compression element is engagable with the receiving element. In one aspect, the compression element is adapted to move downward into the compression element receiving chamber to translate a force to the stabilizer rod and translate a force onto the head portion of the fixation element and substantially fix the position of the fixation element with respect to the receiving element.
Other aspects and embodiments of the bone screw system are described herein. This description is meant to fully describe the bone screw system, but not limit its design, function, or application.
These and other features of the preferred embodiments of the present invention will become more apparent in the detailed description in which reference is made to the appended drawings wherein:
The present systems and apparatuses and methods are understood more readily by reference to the following detailed description, examples, drawing, and claims, and their previous and following description. However, before the present devices, systems, and/or methods are disclosed and described, it is to be understood that this invention is not limited to the specific devices, systems, and/or methods disclosed unless otherwise specified, as such can, of course, vary. It is also to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular aspects only and is not intended to be limiting.
The following description of the invention is provided as an enabling teaching of the invention in its best, currently known embodiment. To this end, those skilled in the relevant art will recognize and appreciate that many changes can be made to the various aspects of the invention described herein, while still obtaining the beneficial results of the present invention. It will also be apparent that some of the desired benefits of the present invention can be obtained by selecting some of the features of the present invention without utilizing other features. Accordingly, those who work in the art will recognize that many modifications and adaptations to the present invention are possible and can even be desirable in certain circumstances and are a part of the present invention. Thus, the following description is provided as illustrative of the principles of the present invention and not in limitation thereof.
As used throughout, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Thus, for example, reference to “a screw” can include two or more such screws unless the context indicates otherwise.
Ranges can be expressed herein as from “about” one particular value, and/or to “about” another particular value. When such a range is expressed, another aspect includes from the one particular value and/or to the other particular value. Similarly, when values are expressed as approximations, by use of the antecedent “about,” it will be understood that the particular value forms another aspect. It will be further understood that the endpoints of each of the ranges are significant both in relation to the other endpoint, and independently of the other endpoint.
As used herein, the terms “optional” or “optionally” mean that the subsequently described event or circumstance may or may not occur, and that the description includes instances where said event or circumstance occurs and instances where it does not.
Presented herein is a bone screw system 10 that comprises a fixation element 100, a receiving element 200, coupling element 300, and a compression element 400. In one aspect, the fixation element 100 is adapted to engage a bone and has a head portion 110 and a threaded shank portion 120. The fixation element can be a screw. In an exemplified aspect, the head portion is substantially spherical, or substantially semispherical, although other shapes are contemplated. As one skilled in the art can appreciate, the fixation element can comprise a pedicle screw, such as a standard fast-pitch, double-lead pedicle screw. As such, the head portion 110 can be configured to engage the particular insertion tool designed for the system 10. In one aspect, the head portion of the fixation element defines a screw tool bore 130 configured for engagement with the insertion tool. As illustrated in
The receiving element 200, as illustrated in
The receiving element is further adapted to receive a stabilizer rod 500. As such, in one aspect, the receiving element 200 comprises a pair of opposed legs 240 separated by a rod-receiving channel 250. As illustrated in
In one exemplified aspect, the coupling element is positioned in the receiving element below the stabilizer rod when the stabilizer rod is in the receiving element. In one aspect, a top portion 310 of the coupling element is substantially saddle-shaped to substantially conform to the shape of the stabilizer rod to maximize contact surface area between the coupling element 300 and the stabilizer rod. The coupling element provides additional surface area of contact between the stabilizer rod and the head of the fixation element, so when the compression element is in place, the force of the compression element maintains the orientation of the fixation element.
The compression element is engagable with the receiving element 200, as discussed herein. In one aspect, the compression element 400 is adapted to move downward into the compression element receiving chamber 260 to translate a force to the stabilizer rod 500 and place it into contact with the coupling element, which translates a force onto the head portion of the fixation element and substantially fixes the position of the fixation element with respect to the receiving element. If the system is without a coupling element, the stabilizer rod can exert the force onto the head portion of the fixation element directly.
In still another aspect, the compression element can further comprise a top saddle 410 rotatingly positioned on its bottom face 420. It can, for example, be mounted to the bottom face 420 of the compression element. Alternately, as illustrated in
The compression element 400 is designed to be driven into the compression element receiving chamber. In one aspect, the top face 430 of the compression element defines a set screw tool bore 440 configured for engagement with an insertion tool. The set screw tool bore 440 can be, but is not necessarily, configured to engage the same insertion tool as the screw tool bore discussed above.
Some practitioners may desire to position the bone screw system with the aid of one or more guide wires. In this case, the practitioner can place a guide wire into the desired target location. In this aspect, the system defines a coaxial aperture along the longitudinal axis AL. Therefore, in this aspect, the compression element 400, the coupling element 300, and the fixation element each define a coaxial guide wire aperture 510. Where there is a top saddle present in the system, the top saddle also defines a coaxial guide wire aperture 510.
In another aspect, the bone screw system also comprises a pair of leg extensions 242. Each leg extension has a first end 244 and a second end 246, where the second end 246 is coupled to a respective opposed leg 240 of the receiving element 200. The pair of leg extensions define a first insertion tool pathway 270 therebetween one another and a second insertion tool pathway 280 therebetween one another.
In one aspect, the cross-sectional shape of the leg extensions are substantially similar to the cross-sectional shape of the leg to which it is coupled, each leg extension having the same outer cross sectional shape as the leg to which it is coupled. As can be appreciated, the cross-sectional dimensions of the leg extensions can also be substantially the same as the crosssectional dimensions of the legs to which they are coupled, although it is contemplated that the leg extensions can vary in shape and dimension from the legs to which they are coupled. The length of each leg extension can vary, but in any event, the first end of each of the leg extensions extends outside of the patient when the fixation element is positioned within the spine of the patient.
In an exemplified aspect, the two leg extensions are coupled to each respective leg at or near the leg extension's second end 246 in a manner such that the leg extension can be removed from the leg if desired. In one aspect, the leg and the leg extension can be integral, with a reduced thickness portion 248 at or near the point of coupling. In this aspect, sufficient radial pressure exerted near the reduced thickness portion will fracture the reduced thickness portion 248, thereby separating the leg extension from the leg. The reduced thickness portion can be interior, exterior, or both. Interior, in this instance, refers to the side of the leg extension or leg that faces the compression element receiving chamber.
The interior face 247 of each of the leg extensions need not be threaded like the legs of the receiving element. This configuration permits the compression element to slide between the leg extensions and into the compression element receiving chamber until it reaches the threaded portion. In one aspect, the interior face 247 of the leg extensions is threaded toward the second end 246.
In another aspect, the two leg extensions are connected via a connector 249 positioned at a point spaced therefrom the first end of the leg extension and spanning the first insertion tool pathway 270. In one aspect, the connector is positioned substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis A.sub.L. Positioning the connector 249 a predetermined distance spaced from in near proximity to the first end provides a fulcrum point from which a rod insertion tool can rotate traversing both the first and second insertion tool pathways to allow the stabilizing rod and the insertion tool to pass to push a stabilizer rod into position within the receiving chamber, and wherein the second insertion tool pathway is open from the first end through the second end of the leg extensions to the rod receiving channel and wherein the leg extensions and the legs are integral, and wherein at a coupling point between the legs and leg extensions there is a reduced thickness. As seen in
As can be appreciated by one skilled in the art, the materials of construction can vary. The materials of construction are generally biocompatible materials for use in surgery. For example, the bone screw system 10 can comprise Titanium or a Titanium alloy, such as Ti 6-4 ELI. The system can also be bead blasted to increase frictional forces and to add stability to the system.
Although several embodiments of the invention have been disclosed in the foregoing specification, it is understood by those skilled in the art that many modifications and other embodiments of the invention will come to mind to which the invention pertains, having the benefit of the teaching presented in the foregoing description and associated drawings. It is thus understood that the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein above, and that many modifications and other embodiments are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims. Moreover, although specific terms are employed herein, as well as in the claims which follow, they are used only in a generic and descriptive sense, and not for the purposes of limiting the described invention, nor the claims which follow.
This application claims the benefit of U.S. Patent Application 61/577,247 entitled “Bone Screw System” filed on Dec. 19, 2011, which is incorporated herein in its entirety by reference.
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