Patent Application
20190113064
1. TECHNICAL FIELD The present disclosure relates to an extension adapter of a plug-in coupling, with which a free space between a male coupling element and a female coupling element can be bridged in a connecting manner. Further, this disclosure relates to a connection between two components by means of a plug-in coupling and the extension adapter. Furthermore, the present disclosure comprises a production method and an installation method for the extension adapter.
In the prior art, various types and constructions of plug-in couplings are known, with which a first and a second component can be connected.
For example, U.S. Pat. No. 8,403,356 discloses a plug-in coupling for fastening an interior paneling structure consisting of at least three parts in the motor vehicle. An intermediate part is used, for example, to realize the distance between the two components to be connected with each other. Furthermore, a male coupling element is used which, similar to a nail, has a large-surfaced head. This male coupling element alone is not able to hold itself in a component opening. Only the combination with a plugged and then latched onto female coupling element ensures the hold in a component opening and the possibility of a connection with another component. Accordingly, a pre-installation of the individual coupling elements in the respective components is not possible, instead, together with the installation of the coupling elements on the respective component, the assembly of the coupling elements and components must follow as well.
Further, DE 197 21 314 A1 describes a two- or multi-part plug-in coupling, which for example also uses a bolt with a ball head, which, thus, is a male coupling element in combination with a ball socket in a female coupling element. The female coupling element comprises some disc-shaped elements as a head, which, lying opposite to each other, form a gap between them. This gap serves to receive or insert the coupling in an edge slot of a component. Thus, the edges of the edge slot are guided rail-like in the two disc-shaped elements. This results in a position specification of the coupling in the edge region of a component. An installation of this coupling in an arbitrarily placed component opening is therefore not possible. The opposite male coupling part is locked, for example, in a component opening, or glued into this, in order to then connect the plug-in coupling.
A similar attachment of a female coupling element is shown in FR 2 932 235. Here, also an elastically formed ball socket is provided, which has a ring-shaped fastening groove for attachment, for example, on a screen. This fastening groove can be slid into lateral slots of the component, wherein after installation of the female coupling element, the coupling element protrudes far beyond the component level. Since the ball socket protrudes beyond the component surface, the ball socket can deform with the ball head installed therein and damp vibrations. This vibration damping is ensured simultaneously by additional recesses parallel to the cavity by inserting the male coupling element.
GB 1 332 397 discloses an, although only distant, yet simple construction of a plug-in coupling in the field of snap fasteners. Both male and female coupling element have a flat head, so that the ball head of the male coupling element and the ball socket of the female coupling element are covered by the flat head. In order to secure the coupling elements in corresponding sections of material, spring washers are pushed onto cylindrical portions of the coupling elements. In this respect, these coupling elements do not provide fastening options with their assigned components or material parts through their own integral structure. Here, as well, the connection of the two coupling elements is made via a latching connection between the male and female coupling element.
Another two-part plug-in coupling is disclosed in DE 201 07 949 U1. A female coupling element consisting of an elastic material is inserted in an installation direction in a component opening. To assist the installation, the female coupling element has a conical shape tapered in the installation direction. In order to support the grip of the female coupling element and not to push the female coupling element beyond the component opening, a flange extending perpendicularly to the installation direction limits the insertion movement in the installation direction. Within the female coupling element, a ball socket is provided, in which a male coupling element, in particular a bolt with a ball head, can be locked. In order to establish a connection between two components, the bolt with ball head is also latched in installation direction within the female coupling element. Thus, in addition to the establishing of the connection between the components, the insertion movement of the bolt with ball head in the ball socket also supports the installation and the firm seat of the female coupling element in the component opening. But here, again, the female coupling element protrudes beyond the component surface. This allows a certain mobility of the ball head of the male coupling element after the installation took place, since the ball head is elastically movable and deflectable together with the largest part of the female coupling element above the component surface. Due to the commutated installation direction of the female coupling element and the establishing of the connection between the female and the male coupling element, the two components are connected with each other in two-sided accessibility.
DE 20 2015 005 870 also describes a two-part plug-in coupling consisting of a male and a female coupling element. The coupling elements are characterized by a flat head section, which enables an almost aligned arrangement with regard to a component surface of a component. The coupling elements described here can be installed in a component opening, wherein the said flat head section remains visible on the component surface after installation in the component opening. This construction has certain aesthetic reasons, as it allows an optimal adaptation of the coupling elements to the component surface despite the small installation space of the coupling elements. Due to this aesthetic construction and arrangement of the coupling elements, however, there is no clearance between the male and female coupling elements to compensate for possible gaps. Since the coupling elements are installed directly in the component opening, the coupling elements are not variable in their positioning. This would be possible, for example, if the coupling elements or at least one of the coupling elements were accommodated in a socket on the bottom side of a component. Since there is no possibility to compensate for tolerances or free spaces, the compensation of these tolerances often leads to a distortion of the aesthetic appearance of the connected components. If the male and female coupling elements have to be forced into the connection, it is often necessary to bend or deform at least one of the components to be connected. If the component to be connected is a motor cover, its original shape will be distorted by the connection in an uncontrolled and, most importantly, unaesthetic manner.
It is thus an object of at least some embodiments of the present invention to compensate possible free spaces between two coupling elements to be connected in such a manner, that this compensation of the free space or the existing tolerances does not lead to a deformation of the components or to an aesthetic disturbance of the connection to be produced.
The above may be achieved by an extension adapter of a plug-in coupling, by a production method, by an installation method of the extension adapter and by a connection between two components with the extension adapter as set forth in this disclosure. Further configurations and further developments are found in the following description, the drawings and the claims.
The present disclosure describes an extension adapter of a plug-in coupling with which a free space between a male coupling element on a first component and a female coupling element on a second component can be bridged in a connecting manner. This extension adapter comprises the following features: at least one male coupling end which can be plugged into the at least one female coupling element, a female coupling end in which the male coupling element can be accommodated and which is connected to the at least one male coupling end preferably via an intermediate piece, and a locking element which is displaceably arranged in the axial direction of the extension adapter with which, in a locking position at least partially surrounding the female coupling end, a release of a male coupling element from the female coupling end is prevented.
As previously described, plug-in couplings for connecting two components are generally well-known. Such a plug-in coupling consists of a male coupling element, for example a bolt with a ball head, and a female coupling element, for example a ball socket formed to fit the ball head. The extension adapter preferably has an elongated structure with a longitudinal axis and a first and a second end. A male coupling end and a female coupling end are arranged at the two oppositely arranged ends, each of which can be latched in or can be connected to a coupling element formed complementary thereto. According to a further embodiment of the extension adapter, the latter is Y-shaped so that it has two male coupling ends and one female coupling end. This means that the coupling ends of the extension adapter always use the well-known connection concepts and constructions of plug-in couplings. In order to ensure a reliable retaining or grip of the extension adapter on the male coupling element, however, the locking element is used to lock a receiving space for the male coupling element in the female coupling end in such a manner, that the male coupling element can no longer be released from the female coupling end of the extension adapter. While the male coupling element in its connected state may still be pivotable in a certain solid angle, it cannot be detached in an axial direction from the female coupling end. This construction ensures that, if a connection between two components is released using a plug-in coupling, still only the plug-in coupling is released. Thus, the extension adapter and the plug-in coupling are not released at the same time, which prevents additional installation effort. To ensure this type of locking as well as the interaction between the locking element and the female coupling end, various constructions of the extension adapter are preferred, as explained below. The Y-shaped design of the extension adapter allows the fastening area between the extension adapter and the second component to be increased by the number of plug-in connections. Thereby, a second component which is difficult to access can be retained more firmly in a limited fastening area by means of several plug-in connections. As a result, in addition to the preferred Y-shape of the extension adapter, other shapes with more than one male and/or more than one female coupling end can also be produced.
The at least one male coupling end of the extension adapter may comprise a thickening, in particular a ball head. Additionally, the female coupling end of the extension adapter may comprise the above-mentioned receiving space, which is defined by a plurality of wall elements, which surround the receiving space spaced apart from each other. It may be preferred to surround the receiving space for the male coupling element by means of an elastic wall. When the male coupling element is inserted into the receiving space, the elastic wall resiliently yields radially outwards. Once the locking element at least partially surrounds the elastic wall, the resilient yielding of the wall is limited and the male coupling element is retained locked in the receiving space.
The extension adapter forms, due to its construction, a locked connection with the male coupling element. In contrast to this, a connection between the male coupling end and the female coupling element is not locked. Therefore, a connection between the male coupling end of the extension adapter and the female coupling element can be established in a well-known manner and with the known forces. These differing connection forces at the female coupling end and at the male coupling end ensure that, when the connection between the two components is released, only the connection between the male coupling end and the female coupling element is released. If the locking of the connection between the female coupling end and the male coupling element would not be provided, then, if the connection between the two components were released, there would be a risk of the two connections between the two coupling ends and the respective coupling element being released as well. This would lead to an indefinable procedure during the disassembly of one of the components, because one or both connections between the respective coupling end and the corresponding coupling element could be released in an uncontrolled manner. Due to the effect of the locking element, after connecting the extension adapter with the male coupling element, the connection is fixed at least in an axial direction. This can be compared to the use of a now longer male coupling element, where the locked connection between the male coupling element and the female coupling end of the extension adapter allows additional range of motion.
The receiving space, which may define a ball socket, comprises, as the surrounding outer wall, a plurality of wall elements spaced apart from each other. These wall elements may be constructed to run in a strip-like manner in an axial direction so that they can spring radially outwards when a male coupling element is inserted. Depending on the flexibility of the material of the female coupling end, the number of wall elements can be adjusted in order to determine the force required to insert the male coupling element. As an alternative to the plurality of wall elements, it is also preferred to provide the female coupling end of the extension adapter as a closed dome with receiving space. Since this dome consists of a sufficiently elastic material, the male coupling element can be inserted in this dome, preferably a ball socket. Now, in order to be able to lock the male coupling element within this female coupling end, the above-mentioned locking element may be arranged leaning against the outer wall of the female coupling end. Since the locking element cannot be moved radially outwards, the locking element may prevent an elastic deformation of the female coupling end and thus a releasing of the male coupling element out of the female coupling end.
According to a further embodiment of the extension adapter, the at least partially surrounding locking element is a ring-shaped or a U-shaped spring clip. According to a further embodiment of the extension adapter, the locking element is a nut element that can be screwed onto a thread on a radial outer side of the female coupling end. It may be preferred that the locking element is formed by a ring element that can be plugged onto a radial outer side of the female coupling end. Generally, the locking member at least partially surrounds the female coupling end, so that a male coupling element received therein is blocked therein in its axial position. This can be accomplished, for example, by a spring clip that is not completely circumferential, and that is circular or U-shaped. According to other preferred configurations, the locking element is formed completely circumferential, as described above, and as described in detail below.
As can be seen from the above alternatives of the locking element, different constructions of the extension adapter are possible without loss of the function of the extension adapter. In addition, the different constructions of the locking element result in different materials that can be used in accordance with the respective use case. For example, the ring-shaped spring clip may consist of metal or plastic. This can be widened by a preferred manual pressure of the worker, so that the locking element can be displaced into a locking position intended for this purpose at the female coupling end. According to another embodiment, the radial outer side of the female coupling end of the extension adapter comprises an outer thread. On this outer thread, the nut element can be screwed onto, which is arranged between the two coupling ends when the extension adapter is in an unlocked state. Once the nut element has been screwed onto the female coupling end, a movement of the radial outer wall of the female coupling end is prevented radially outwards. Here, it is not decisive as to whether the outer wall of the female coupling end consists of a plurality of wall elements or of a continuous elastic wall. Because of its rigid form, the nut element blocks any outward movement of the radial outer wall of the female coupling end. In the same way as the nut element, said ring element also blocks the radial outer side of the female coupling end against a movement in a radial outward direction.
According to a further embodiment of the extension adapter, the ring element comprises a polygonal contour. Such a polygonal contour, which may consist of a hexagon or the like, facilitates the axial displacement of the ring element onto the female coupling end.
Furthermore, it is preferred to provide the locking element of the extension adapter with at least one latching web, which fixes the locking element in a base position and/or the locking position. According to another embodiment of the extension adapter, the base position of the locking element is provided between the male and the female coupling end. The locking element can be latched at least in the base position.
The present disclosure further comprises a connection between two components with an extension adapter according to one of the above-described embodiments, in which a first component is provided with a male coupling element and a second component is provided with a female coupling element, so that the extension adapter bridges a free space between the first and the second component via a connection with the male coupling element and the female coupling element.
Furthermore, the present disclosure comprises a production method for an extension adapter, in particular an extension adapter according to one of the embodiments described above. The production method comprises the following steps: providing a first injection mold which is formed complementary to the extension adapter which comprises a male coupling end which can be plugged into a female coupling element, a female coupling end in which a male coupling element can be received and which is connected to the male coupling end via an intermediate piece, injection molding and demolding the extension adapter, and arranging a locking element on the extension adapter which can be displaced in an axial direction of the extension adapter.
According to the disclosure, the extension adapter may be an injection molded part. Accordingly, the injection mold is formed complementary to the extension adapter. The female and the male coupling end of the extension adapter is therefore specified complementarily by the injection mold in such a way that it fits with known coupling elements. After the elongatedly shaped extension adapter has been injection molded and demolded, the locking element is arranged on the extension adapter. At this point, the locking element may be in a base position in which the male coupling element can still be inserted freely into and released from the female coupling end. Only when the locking element is arranged adjacent to the radial outer wall of the female coupling end, a release of the male coupling element from the female coupling end is accomplished by the locking element.
According to a further embodiment, the production method comprises the further step of injection molding in a second injection mold and demolding the plastic locking element from the second injection mold and then arranging it on the extension adapter. According to the embodiments of the extension adapter described above, different forms or constructions of the locking element can be used. Whereas, according to one embodiment, the locking element consists of a spring clip, the other locking elements can be produced, for example, by the injection molding method mentioned above. Accordingly, the injection mold then determines in a complementary design the above-described nut element, the ring element or a ring element with polygonal contour.
It is also preferred to provide latching webs in the design of the injection mold, which are integrally formed with the ring element or the ring element with polygonal contour. These latching webs may extend in the axial direction of the locking element. In addition, these latching webs may also interact with one or more latching structures on the extension adapter. These latching structures ensure a latching and thus a securing of the position of the locking element. Therefore, it is initially preferred to provide a latching position in combination with the locking position of the locking element. According to a further embodiment, a base position between the female and the male coupling end of the extension adapter also comprises a latching position. Especially the latching possibilities in combination with the base position realize a loss prevention device or loss protection for the extension adapter with locking element before it has been installed.
According to a further embodiment, the injection molding of the locking element in the first injection mold with the extension adapter contained therein is performed by means of a two-component injection molding method, so that the locking element is frictionally and/or, by means of at least one tear-off web, releasably attached to the extension adapter. In the well-known two-component injection molding method, two parts, namely the extension adapter and the locking element, are produced in a single injection mold with at least a first and a second plastic shot. For this, the plastic shots can use the same or different plastics. The plastic shots are performed offset in time from one another so that the plastics of the plastic shots do not mix with one another.
The present disclosure further comprises an installation method of the extension adapter, with which the free space between a male coupling element and a female coupling element is bridged and which comprises at least one male coupling end which can be plugged into the female coupling element, and a female coupling end in which the male coupling element can be received and which is connected to the at least one male coupling end via an intermediate piece, as well as a locking element arranged displaceably in the axial direction of the extension adapter, wherein the installation method comprises the following steps: plugging the at least one male coupling end into the at least one female coupling element, plugging the male coupling element into the female coupling end of the extension adapter and displacing the locking element into a locking position, in which the locking element at least partially surrounds the female coupling element, so that a releasing of the male coupling element from the female coupling end is prevented.
The installation method comprises the further step of extending a ring-shaped spring clip as a locking element, so that the spring clip can be plugged onto the female coupling end. In the same way, it is also preferred to screw a nut-like locking element onto the female coupling end. Preferably, for this purpose, the female coupling end comprises on its radial outer side an outer thread adjusted to the nut-like locking element. According to a further embodiment of the installation method, a ring-shaped locking element is plugged onto the female coupling end. It may be preferred to plug a second male coupling end into a second female coupling element, whereby the extension adapter is formed in a Y-shape.
Furthermore, the present disclosure comprises a connection between two components with an extension adapter of the above-described forms, in which a first component with a male coupling element and a second component with at least one female coupling element are formed, so that the extension adapter bridges the free space between the first and the second component via a connection with the male coupling element and the at least one female coupling element.
The embodiments of the present disclosure will be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawing. It shows:
In
While the shown extension adapter 1 illustrates an elongated structure, a construction with preferably several male coupling ends 10 (not shown) can also be used. According to one embodiment, for this, the extension adapter 1 is formed Y-shaped. However, other shapes are also possible.
The male coupling end 10 may comprise a ball head 12, which can also be formed flat, oval, spherical, ball-like, asymmetrically thickened or similar. The male coupling end 10 forms one end of the elongated extension adapter 1. The female coupling end 20 is arranged opposite the male coupling end 10 in the longitudinal direction of the extension adapter 1. The female coupling end 20 is adjusted to receive a ball head of a ball pin as male coupling element 90 or a similar known structure to establish a positive connection with the male coupling element 90. The female coupling end 20 may include a receiving space 22 which may be in the form of a ball socket. Instead of the ball socket, other forms of the receiving space 22 are also preferred as long as they can be used to establish a positive latching connection with a correspondingly shaped male coupling element 90.
The receiving space 22 is enclosed circumferentially by a plurality of wall elements 24. At least two wall elements 24 may be provided, whereby also three to eight, preferably four wall elements 24 ensure an ideal retention of the male coupling element 90 in the receiving space 22. Alternatively, a continuous wall made of elastic material is preferably provided. A radial inner side 25 of the wall element 24 or the wall determines the shape of the receiving space 22, in this case the ball socket. Accordingly, the radial inner sides 25 of the wall elements 24 or the wall together determine the inner contour of the receiving space 22.
It is further preferred that the wall elements 24 are formed springily due to their choice of material and/or their dimensioning, while the continuous wall may consist of elastic material which yields to itself. As soon as the male coupling element 90 is released from or inserted into the receiving space 22, the wall elements 24/the wall spring radially outwards and then return to their initial position. This movement may ensure that the male coupling element 90 snaps or latches into the receiving space 22. The following explanations on the locking of the male coupling element 90 in the receiving space 22 apply in the same way to the wall elements 24 and the continuous elastic wall (not shown).
On a radial outer side 26 of the wall elements 24, a locking position V is defined. It is used for the arrangement of a locking element 70, which may be provided as a spring clip 70 in the embodiment shown in
The extension adapter 1 shown in
In order to support the arrangement of the spring clip 70 in the locking position V, the radial outer side 26 of the wall elements 24 or at least a selection of wall elements 24 has at least one, preferably two, radial collars 27. The radial collars 27 limit the locking position V in axial direction and thus support a fast and precise positioning of the spring clip 70.
According to a further embodiment of the present disclosure, the intermediate piece 50 is arranged between male 10 and female coupling end 20. It is also preferred to reduce the intermediate piece 50 to a minimum length or to omit it completely, so that the male 10 and the female coupling element 20 directly adjoin each other.
It is also preferred to arrange the male 10 and female coupling end 20 axially to each other via an adjustable threaded connection. For this purpose, the male and the female coupling end 10, 20 may be provided on separate axial pieces. These axial pieces have thread sections complementary to each other in order to connect the axial pieces to each other. According to a further design, the axial pieces are formed as telescopic rods, so that their total length can be adjusted as plug-in, screw- or plug-and-screw connections. Depending on how far the thread sections are screwed onto each other, the total length of the interconnected axial pieces is freely adjustable. The same function can also be realized via a variable-length plug-in connection.
This thread- or plug-in connection ensures a free length adjustment of the extension adapter 1. It is understood that the above-described constructive and functional features and procedures with regard to the extension adapter 1 with spring clip 70 shown in the described figures also apply in the same way or analogously to the further preferred embodiments of extension adapter 1 with alternative locking elements.
According to a method alternative, it is preferred to injection-mold the extension adapter 1 and the locking element 70, provided they consist of plastic, in the first injection mold with the extension adapter 1 contained therein by means of a two-component injection molding method. In this method, the extension adapter 1 and the locking element 70 are fixed to the extension adapter 1 by friction and/or by means of a plurality of tear-off webs after the production is completed. The term two-component injection molding includes those methods in which two different plastic types or plastic modifications are combined with each other in one process via injection molding. A different plastic modification denotes the same type of plastic, but with different fillers, such as dyes (multi-color injection molding), reinforcing or fiber material of known plastics, such as glass fibers, different proportions of reinforcing material or different plasticizers or different proportions thereof. This type of primary forming offers great potential in terms of cost optimization and rationalization, because complex parts with several functional requirements (e.g. several colors, hard/soft, etc.) can be produced in a single work step and without extensive reworking. In this method, two different plastics in the form of two plastic shots are injected offset in time into an injection mold to produce a part consisting of two components. It is also possible to inject the same plastic into the injection mold in two or more shots offset in time. The components produced by the respective shot are formed in an adjacent arrangement in the injection mold without flowing into each other. It is also preferable that the cavities of the injection mold, which are delimited from each other, are filled with the same or different plastics at the same time or offset in time in order to form the above-mentioned components. Thereby, it is preferred that the several components, here the extension adapter 1 and the locking element 70, are connected to each other via a plurality of tear-off webs. Tear-off webs refer to web-like bridges between the plastic parts 1, 70 which, due to their small diameter, can be severed without any mechanical effort.
After the extension adapter has been produced, it is preferred to arrange the male coupling element 90 in the female coupling end 20. Then, the male coupling element 90 is locked therein by arranging the locking element 70 on the female coupling end 20, preferably on the wall elements 24. This is shown as an example in
A further embodiment of the extension adapter 1′ is shown in
An inner diameter of the ring element 70′ is chosen such that the ring element 70′ can be pushed onto the female coupling end 20 in order to lock the male coupling element 90 arranged therein. The ring element 70′ is axially displaced manually. Thereby, the above-described radial collar 27 may provide an abutment face for the ring element 70′, as can be seen in
A further embodiment of the ring element 70′″ or the locking element 70″ is shown in
A further embodiment of the extension adapter 1″ is shown in
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20 2016 102474.9 | May 2016 | DE | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2017/056081 | 3/15/2017 | WO | 00 |
