Patent Grant
9677270
The use of common clay brick as a finish for all types of buildings is very popular and provides unique aesthetics, but such brick finishes are relatively expensive and commonly offer poor insulation. Thin brick cladding, installed over sheathing, concrete, insulation boards, and masonry substrates has been available as an alternative, but such wall cladding systems are often deficient in fire resistant properties and ease of installation.
The present disclosure is directed to polymer-based building products, particularly polymer-based exterior wall cladding and exterior wall cladding systems, and related methods for preparing the exterior wall cladding and exterior wall cladding systems.
Accordingly, in an exemplary embodiment, a simulated brick includes a polymeric core member, a mesh layer adhered to the core member, a basecoat layer covering an entirety of the mesh layer, and a finish layer covering an entirety of the basecoat layer. The core member, the mesh layer, the basecoat layer, and the finish layer together define a brick profile portion having first and second lateral sides extending to a planar outer surface to define a first thickness, and an offset portion extending from the first lateral side of the brick profile portion to a lateral end surface and having an outer surface defining a second thickness smaller than the first thickness, the brick profile portion and the offset portion together defining a planar rectangular base surface extending from the second lateral side of the brick profile portion to the lateral end surface of the offset portion.
In another exemplary embodiment, a method of manufacturing a simulated brick is contemplated. In an exemplary method, a polymeric core member is formed, the core member including a brick profile portion having first and second lateral sides extending to a planar outer surface to define a first thickness, and an offset portion extending from the first lateral side of the brick profile portion to a lateral end surface and having an outer surface defining a second thickness smaller than the first thickness, the brick profile portion and the offset portion together defining a planar rectangular base surface extending from the second lateral side of the brick profile portion to the lateral end surface of the offset portion. A mesh layer is adhered to the first and second lateral sides and the outer surface of the brick profile portion and to the lateral end surface and the outer surface of the offset portion. A basecoat layer is deposited onto an entirety of the mesh layer. A finish layer is deposited onto an entirety of the basecoat layer.
In another exemplary embodiment, a method of applying simulated bricks to a wall surface is contemplated. In an exemplary method, at least first and second simulated bricks are provided, with each including a brick profile portion having first and second lateral sides extending to a planar outer surface to define a first thickness, and an offset portion extending from the first lateral side of the brick profile portion to a lateral end surface and having an outer surface defining a second thickness smaller than the first thickness, the brick profile portion and the offset portion together defining a planar rectangular base surface extending from the second lateral side of the brick profile portion to the lateral end surface of the offset portion. An adhesive layer is applied to the wall surface. The base surface of the first simulated brick is adhered to the adhesive layer, and the base surface of the second simulated brick is adhered to the adhesive layer such that at least a portion of the lateral end surface of the offset portion of the second simulated brick abuts the second lateral side of the brick profile portion of the first simulated brick. A grout material is applied to the outer surface of the offset portion of the second simulated brick.
In another exemplary embodiment, a wall system includes a wall substrate having a substantially planar exterior surface, and at least first and second simulated bricks. The first and second simulated bricks each include a brick profile portion having first and second lateral sides extending to a planar outer surface to define a first thickness, and an offset portion extending from the first lateral side of the brick profile portion to a lateral end surface and having an outer surface defining a second thickness smaller than the first thickness, the brick profile portion and the offset portion together defining a planar rectangular base surface extending from the second lateral side of the brick profile portion to the lateral end surface of the offset portion. The planar rectangular base surfaces of the first and second simulated bricks are adhered to the exterior surface of the wall substrate such that at least a portion of the lateral end surface of the offset portion of the second simulated brick abuts the second lateral side of the brick profile portion of the first simulated brick. A grout material is adhered to the outer surface of the offset portion of the second simulated brick.
The present disclosure is directed to insulative wall cladding building products, particularly polymer-based simulated bricks, and related methods for preparing and installing the building products. In certain exemplary embodiments, a polymer-based building product includes a polymer core member at least partially covered with a reinforcing mesh material, such as a fiberglass mesh material. The reinforcing mesh material is at least partially coated with or at least partially embedded in a basecoat layer, such as a polymer-modified cementitious basecoat, and the basecoat layer is at least partially covered by an outermost finish layer, to provide a desired color and texture for the wall cladding. In one such exemplary embodiment, the textured finish layer gives the exterior wall cladding the appearance of a conventional clay brick.
The mesh layer 30, basecoat layer 43, and the finish layer 46 may together form a relatively thin (e.g., about ⅛ inch thick) laminate 19 defining the lateral (or side) surfaces 13a, 13b, 13c and outer (or top) surfaces 14a, 14b of the simulated brick 10. As shown, the end surfaces 15a, 15b of the core member 20 may remain exposed or uncovered by the laminate 19, allowing for production of the simulated bricks by forming an elongated laminated core that is cut into multiple brick-sized wall cladding components. A base (or bottom) surface 16 of the core member 20 may also be exposed or uncovered by the laminate 19, for example, to facilitate adhesion of the simulated brick 10 to a wall surface.
The core member material may be selected to provide desired insulation properties. Exemplary materials include polystyrene foams such as expanded polystyrene (“EPS”) or extruded polystyrene (“XPS”) or other similar insulation materials, including, for example, polyisocyanurate, polyurethane, and foam glass. In certain embodiments, the core is a polymer material having a density of about 0.5 to about 5 pcf, or about 1 to about 2 pcf, or about 1.5 pcf. In an exemplary embodiment, the core is an XPS having a density of 1.5 pcf. In accordance with certain exemplary embodiments, the core is an XPS meeting ASTM C578. The insulative polymer core member may provide an effective R-value between about 2 and about 8 h·° F.·ft2·in/BTU. In an exemplary embodiment, an XPS core member has an R-value of about 5 h·° F.·ft2·in/BTU.
The mesh layer 30 may include a variety of reinforcing, strengthening, and/or fire resistant mesh materials, such as, for example, a fiberglass or polymer strand material. Non-limiting examples of suitable polymer mesh materials include polyester, polypropylene, aramid, and carbon. The reinforcing mesh may be constructed using an open weave. In certain embodiments, the reinforcing mesh material includes or is coated with an alkali resistant material. In certain embodiments, the mesh layer 30 is provided with an adhesive on one side so it can be applied directly to the surface of the core member 20 to maintain its position until the basecoat layer 43 is deposited over the mesh layer. The alkali resistance improves compatibility of the reinforcing mesh material with cement-based materials, such as cement-based mortars, grouts, basecoat layer, and the like used in accordance with the present disclosure. In one such exemplary embodiment, the reinforcing mesh material comprises an about 3.6 lbs/yd2 weight, open weave of fiberglass strands including alkali resistant glass and/or glass fibers coated with an alkali resistant material. In certain embodiments, the reinforcing mesh material comprises a fire resistant or non-combustible material, such as certain types of fiberglass and/or certain fiberglass or polymer strands coated with a fire resistant size composition. The fire resistant mesh material may be selected to produce, in combination with the other simulated brick materials, a wall cladding product suitable to meet one or more applicable non-combustible, fire resistant, and/or fire proof standards, including, for example, NFPA 285, NFPA 268, ASTM E84, and ASTM E119. In one such example, the mesh material has a melting point of approximately 2000° F.
The basecoat layer 43 may include any of a variety of suitable materials compatible with, and adherent to, the core 20, mesh 30, and textured finish layer 46, such as, for example, a polymer modified cementitious mortar material. In an exemplary embodiment, the basecoat layer comprises a Type N or S mortar modified with a suitable amount of acrylic polymer to provide improved adhesion, flexibility and workability. One such polymer modified mortar material includes Portland cement, silica sands, styrene acrylic based polymers and other non-combustible fillers. As shown, the basecoat layer 43 may cover an entirety of the mesh layer 30.
The textured finish layer 46 may include any of a variety of suitable materials compatible with, and adherent to, the basecoat layer 43 and mortar/grout material used with the simulated bricks (described below), and that provides the desired durability, texture, and appearance, such as that of a clay brick. Exemplary materials include acrylic, styrene acrylic, veova, or vinyl acrylic acetate. The textured surface layer may be suited to weather a variety of external environmental conditions, such as damaging effects caused by the sun, rain, cold, humidity, etc. As shown, the finish layer 46 may cover an entirety of the basecoat layer 43.
In accordance with certain embodiments, the exterior wall cladding (e.g., simulated bricks) may be applied to any common exterior wall surface, including, plywood, oriented strand board, glass mat gypsum sheathing, cement board sheathing, ICF's, exterior insulation and finish system (“EIFS”) basecoat, concrete, and masonry. Typically, square-edged insulation bricks (which are not in accordance with the present disclosure) are applied to an uncoated expanded polystyrene core member that has built-in projecting strips or offsets, thereby allowing the squared-edged brick to maintain its position on the wall without sliding. Square-edged insulation bricks applied to other surfaces require the use of tile spacers or metal pans and clips to allow the bricks to stay in position without sliding and also to keep a consistent grout joint.
According to one aspect of the present application, a simulated brick wall cladding component may be provided with a brick profile portion and at least one offset portion extend from at least one lateral side of the brick profile portion to abut at least a portion of a brick profile portion of an adjacent simulated brick when the simulated bricks are secured to a wall surface. The offset portion may facilitate installation of a multiple row array of the simulated bricks, by providing for consistent, uniform spacing between the brick profile portions of adjacent rows of simulated bricks, preventing misalignment due to slippage without the use of spacer tiles, clips, or metal pans, as commonly used in the installation of conventional “thin brick” wall cladding. Additionally, these offset portions may provide additional insulation for the mortar joint spaces between the simulated bricks.
To form a simulated brick having a lateral offset portion, as shown in
In the exemplary embodiment, the offset portion 12 extends a distance corresponding to a desired width of a mortar joint to be applied between adjacent rows of simulated bricks 10 (e.g., about ⅜ inches), such that abutment of the thinner offset portion 12 with the brick profile portion of an adjacent brick defines a gap sized to be filled with a mortar joint of the desired width. In other embodiments (not shown), a simulated brick may be provided with smaller offset portions (e.g., about 3/16 inches) extending from both lateral sides of the brick profile portion, such that abutment of the offset portions of adjacent rows of simulated bricks define a gap sized to be filled with a mortar joint of the desired width. In still other embodiments (not shown), a simulated brick may be provided with an offset portion extending from either or both of the longitudinal ends of the simulated brick, such that abutment of adjacent simulated bricks in a row defines a gap sized between adjacent longitudinal ends of the brick profile portions, to be filled with a mortar joint of the desired width.
The offset portion may be provided in a wide variety of suitable thicknesses, thick enough to function as a rigid spacer, and thin enough to provide sufficient space for grout material to provide the appearance of conventional brick masonry. The ratio of the thickness of the offset portion to the thickness of the brick profile portion may, for example, be between 5% and 70%, or between 35% and 60%. In one example, the offset portion thickness is about ⅝ inches.
The offset portion 12 of the simulated brick 10 may also provide additional insulation for the wall to which the simulated bricks are secured, as the core member material may have a significantly greater R-value than the mortar/grout component material (e.g., about 5.0 h·° F.·ft2·in/BTU for the extruded polystyrene material of the core member compared to about 0.21 h·° F.·ft2·in/BTU for the grout material). In one embodiment, the offset portion has an R-value of at least 1.0 h·° F.·ft2/BTU. In an exemplary embodiment, the offset portion 12 is about ⅜ inches thick, with the offset portion having a section R-value of about 2.1 h·° F.·ft2/BTU, compared to a section R-value of about 0.24 h·° F.·ft2/BTU for a comparable volume of grout material.
In forming an exemplary simulated brick, in accordance with an exemplary aspect of the present application, an elongated block or sheet of the core member material (e.g., extruded polystyrene, or other insulation board) may be cut (e.g., hot wire cut) to form an elongated (e.g. about 2 to about 20 feet long, preferably about 4 to about 8 feet long) core defining the brick profile portion 11 and the offset portion 12, as shown. For ease of cutting, the junction between the outer surface 14b′ of the offset portion 12′ and the first lateral surface 13a′ of the brick profile portion 11′ may include a radius 18′ (e.g., a radius of about ⅛ inch), as shown in the exemplary simulated brick 10′ of
The mesh material is then adhered onto the lateral surfaces 13a, 13b, 13c and the outer surfaces 14a, 14b of the elongated core, for example, by applying (e.g., wrapping, pressing) a self-adhesive side of a mesh material sheet to the lateral and outer surfaces of the elongated core 20, for example, to hold the mesh material in place prior to application of the coating 40. The mesh material may be pre-cut to size for coverage of the elongated core, or trimmed after adhesion to remove any overhanging material.
A polymer modified cementitious basecoat material is prepared (e.g., by mixing) and is supplied, for example, in a hopper. The mesh-covered core is pushed (manually or using an automated system) through an extrusion coating machine to deposit or extrude (e.g., from a hopper above the extruding machine) the polymer modified cementitious basecoat material over the mesh layer 30 on the lateral surfaces 13a, 13b, 13c and the outer surfaces 14a, 14b of the core. The mesh material may be an open weave material, such that the basecoat material penetrates the mesh layer to adhere to the core material, which may further reinforce attachment of the mesh material to the core. In some embodiments, one or more additional layers of basecoat material may be applied.
A finish material (e.g., an acrylic-based architectural finish) is mixed or otherwise prepared, and is supplied, for example, in a hopper. Once the basecoat layer 43 has cured and/or dried and (optionally) has been inspected for imperfections, the coated core is pushed (manually or using an automated system) through an extrusion coating machine to deposit or extrude (e.g., from a hopper above the extruding machine) the finish material over the basecoat layer 43 on the lateral surfaces 13a, 13b, 13c and the outer surfaces 14a, 14b to form the finish layer 46. Prior to fully curing and/or drying, the finish layer may be treated (e.g., rolled, pressed, broadcast of additional materials, etc.) to provide a desired exterior texture or appearance.
Once the finish layer 46 has dried, the coated elongated core may be cut into brick-sized lengths (e.g., between about 3 inches and about 12 inches, or about 7⅝ inches) to form multiple, substantially identical simulated bricks 10. The resulting simulated bricks may then be packaged, stored, and/or shipped for application to an exterior wall.
In accordance with various exemplary embodiments of the present application, a method of applying an array of simulated brick cladding components to an exterior wall is contemplated for forming an exterior wall system. In an exemplary method, base surface portions of simulated bricks (e.g., the simulated bricks described above and shown in
As shown in
The present disclosure is also directed to exterior wall cladding systems comprising the exterior wall claddings disclosed herein as applied to an exterior wall or exterior wall system. An exemplary wall system of the present disclosure may include an offset-aligned, multiple row array of simulated brick wall cladding components secured to an exterior wall surface by a mortar/grout material, with gaps between the adjacent simulated bricks filled by a mortar/grout material as shown in
Unless otherwise indicated herein, all sub-embodiments and optional embodiments are respective sub-embodiments and optional embodiments to all embodiments described herein. While the present application has been illustrated by the description of embodiments thereof, and while the embodiments have been described in considerable detail, it is not the intention of the applicants to restrict or in any way limit the scope of the appended claims to such detail. Additional advantages and modifications will readily appear to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the application, in its broader aspects, is not limited to the specific details, the representative compositions or formulations, and illustrative examples shown and described. Accordingly, departures may be made from such details without departing from the spirit or scope of the applicant's general disclosure herein.
Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. In case of conflict, the present document, including definitions, will control. Preferred methods and materials are described below, although methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may be used in practice or testing of the nutritional composition. The materials, methods, and examples disclosed herein are illustrative only and not intended to be limiting.
The terms “comprise(s),” “include(s),” “having,” “has,” “can,” “contain(s),” and variants thereof, as used herein, are intended to be open-ended transitional phrases, terms, or words that do not preclude the possibility of additional acts or structures. The singular forms “a,” “an” and “the” include plural references unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. The present disclosure also contemplates other embodiments “comprising,” “consisting of” and “consisting essentially of,” the embodiments or elements presented herein, whether explicitly set forth or not. Furthermore, to the extent that the term “or” is employed (e.g., A or B) it is intended to mean “A or B or both.” When the applicants intend to indicate “only A or B but not both” then the term “only A or B but not both” will be employed. Thus, use of the term “or” herein is the inclusive, and not the exclusive use.
All percentages, parts, and ratios as used herein are by weight of the total product, unless specified otherwise. All ranges and parameters, including but not limited to percentages, parts, and ratios, disclosed herein are understood to encompass any and all sub-ranges assumed and subsumed therein, and every number between the endpoints. For example, a stated range of “1 to 10” should be considered to include any and all sub-ranges beginning with a minimum value of 1 or more and ending with a maximum value of 10 or less (e.g., 1 to 6.1, or 2.3 to 9.4), and to each integer (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10) contained within the range.
All combinations of method or process steps as used herein can be performed in any order, unless otherwise specified or clearly implied to the contrary by the context in which the referenced combination is made.
While various inventive aspects, concepts and features of the inventions may be described and illustrated herein as embodied in combination in the exemplary embodiments, these various aspects, concepts and features may be used in many alternative embodiments, either individually or in various combinations and sub-combinations thereof. Unless expressly excluded herein all such combinations and sub-combinations are intended to be within the scope of the present inventions. Still further, while various alternative embodiments as to the various aspects, concepts and features of the inventions—such as alternative materials, structures, configurations, methods, circuits, devices and components, hardware, alternatives as to form, fit and function, and so on—may be described herein, such descriptions are not intended to be a complete or exhaustive list of available alternative embodiments, whether presently known or later developed. Those skilled in the art may readily adopt one or more of the inventive aspects, concepts or features into additional embodiments and uses within the scope of the present inventions even if such embodiments are not expressly disclosed herein. Additionally, even though some features, concepts or aspects of the inventions may be described herein as being a preferred arrangement or method, such description is not intended to suggest that such feature is required or necessary unless expressly so stated. Still further, exemplary or representative values and ranges may be included to assist in understanding the present disclosure, however, such values and ranges are not to be construed in a limiting sense and are intended to be critical values or ranges only if so expressly stated. Moreover, while various aspects, features and concepts may be expressly identified herein as being inventive or forming part of an invention, such identification is not intended to be exclusive, but rather there may be inventive aspects, concepts and features that are fully described herein without being expressly identified as such or as part of a specific invention. Descriptions of exemplary methods or processes are not limited to inclusion of all steps as being required in all cases, nor is the order that the steps are presented to be construed as required or necessary unless expressly so stated.
While the present invention has been illustrated by the description of embodiments thereof, and while the embodiments have been described in considerable detail, it is not the intention of the applicant to restrict or in any way limit the scope of the invention to such detail. Additional advantages and modifications will readily appear to those skilled in the art. For example, the specific locations of the component connections and interplacements can be modified. Therefore, the invention, in its broader aspects, is not limited to the specific details, the representative apparatus, and illustrative examples shown and described. Accordingly, departures can be made from such details without departing from the spirit or scope of the applicant's general inventive concept.
This application is a continuation of International Application No. PCT/US2016/049818, filed Sep. 1, 2016, titled EXTERIOR POLYMER-BASED BRICK BUILDING MATERIAL, which claims priority from U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62/212,884, filed on Sep. 1, 2015, for EXTERIOR POLYMER-BASED BRICK BUILDING MATERIAL, the entire disclosure of which is fully incorporated herein by reference.
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