Patent Grant
11874685
The present invention is directed to a fail-safe release mechanism, apparatus or device, for use with patient positioning support apparati, or surgical tables, that include at least one elongate patient support structure, frame or imaging table top removably connected or joined at both ends thereof to upright end supports of a base structure by spaced opposed connection subassemblies. Exemplary patient support structures, for use with the present invention, may include a pair of spaced opposed hinges or joints, so as to be angulatable, or articulatable. Such hinges can be actively driven or passive y moved. The exemplary patient support structures may also have a length adjustment feature, such as a telescoping mechanism, a translator connector, a slider bar or some other type of translation compensation mechanism. It is foreseen that this length adjustment mechanism or structure could be part of or incorporated within one or both connection subassemblies. It could also be within the base itself, in the form of a telescoping parts, bearing blocks or other appropriate structure.
The fail-safe release mechanism of the present invention is adapted for use with patient positioning support apparati, which include one or more connection subassemblies releasably joining a base structure with at least one patient support structure. The claimed fail-safe release mechanism substantially prevents the improper disconnection of the patient support structure from the base structure and in some cases the connection subassembly from the upright ends of the base, all of which is described in greater detail below. In some circumstances, a second patient support structure, frame or imaging table top is also removably attached to the base structure, to provide for sandwiching and rolling of a patient. The fail-safe release mechanism of the present invention can also be used with the second patient support structure, to prevent the improper disconnection of the second patient support structure from the base structure.
The fail-safe release mechanism includes a two-part interlock, and is at least one of a direct mechanical link type apparatus and a software synchronized mechanism or system that does not permit release of one part of the interlock before the other part. The software can operate an electronic release mechanism, such as by one or more solenoids that are not entirely disconnected from the patient positioning support apparatus, including the base upright end supports and the connection subassemblies.
In some embodiments, the fail-safe release mechanism is dependent upon at least one of the orientation of the patient support s structure and the amount of load or patient weight thereon. For example, in some embodiments, the patient support structure can only be released or removed from the connection subassembly, which is attached to the base structure, when the patient support structure is in an upside down position or orientation relative to the base structure, as opposed to being right side up. In another example, in some embodiments, the weight of a patient on the patient support structure causes a change in the attachment between the patient support structure and the connection subassembly, such that this attachment becomes substantially more difficult to break or release, relative to when no patient is on the patient support structure, thereby rendering the attachment between the connection subassembly and the base structure unbreakable or not releaseable. For example, the increased load may cause an increase in the strength of the attachment between the patient support structure and the connection subassembly relative to the strength of this attachment when the load is not increased. This would also be true for the release of the connection subassembly from the base structure, if the embodiment includes that functionality.
The electronics of a fail-safe release mechanism can include a hand-held pendant to operate the releases and subsequent detachments of the various table or patient positioning support apparatus components.
In a first embodiment, a fail-safe release mechanism is provided for use in conjunction with a medical patient support structure wherein at least a first end of the patient support structure is raisable and the fail-safe release mechanism prevents inadvertent falling of the first end. This fail-safe release mechanism includes a first lock that releaseably secures the first end in a raised position thereof and a releaseable second lock that cooperates with and is interlocked with the first lock when the first end is in the raised position and prevents release of the first lock until the second is released.
In a second embodiment, a fail-safe release mechanism for use with a patient positioning support apparatus having a patient support structure removably attached to a base structure of the apparatus by a connection subassembly is provided. This fail-safe release mechanism includes a reversibly engageable first attachment lock with engaged and disengaged positions, wherein the first attachment lock includes a first attachment between the base structure and the connection subassembly; and a reversibly engageable second attachment lock with engaged and disengaged configurations, wherein the second attachment lock includes a second attachment between the connection subassembly and the patient support structure; wherein engagement of the second attachment lock substantially blocks disengagement of the first attachment lock.
In a first aspect of the second embodiment, the first attachment includes a first removable locking member; and the second attachment includes a second removable locking member.
In a second aspect of the second embodiment, the fail-safe release mechanism includes a lock structure cooperating with the first and second attachments.
In a third aspect of the second embodiment, the fail-safe release mechanism includes a side member that is slidably attached to the connection subassembly and cooperates with the first and second attachments. In a further aspect of the second embodiment, the side member is a pair of opposed side members; and each of the side members is associated with an end of the patient support structure.
In a third embodiment, a fail-safe release apparatus is provided for use with a patient positioning support apparatus that has a patient support structure that is removably hingeably attached to a base structure by a removable connection pin or other appropriate structure, and the patient positioning support apparatus also has a connection subassembly that includes a pair of longitudinally aligned spaced arms, and each of the arms includes inner and outer sides and an array of apertures extending between the inner and outer sides, and the apertures are spaced along a length of the respective arm, and each aperture of a first of the arms is paired with an opposed aperture of a second of the arms, and the paired apertures cooperate with one another so as to enable receipt of a connection pin, rod or other elongate structure or structures through both of the cooperating opposed apertures, and the received connection pin, integral or segmented, has an orientation transverse to a longitudinal axis of each of the arms; and the fail-safe release mechanism includes a pair of locking members, each locking member being attached to the outer side of one of the arms, each of the locking members having an inner surface slidingly engaging an outer surface of the respective attached arm; a top end with a notch or recess, U-shaped or V-shaped; an array of through-bores downwardly spaced from the notch and also spaced along a length of the locking member, the through-bores being spaced so as to be alignable with the apertures of the respective attached arm; and a pair of connection pins or the like receivable in the pairs of apertures, each pin including at least one circumferential key member portion, a first of the pins joining the arms with the connection subassembly; wherein disposition of a second of the pins in a lower pair of cooperating apertures, at least one of the U-shaped notches matingly engages the at least one key member portion of the first pin. This simple structure of parts is but one example of the overall broad concept for a fail-safe release mechanism which is the basis for the invention.
In a first aspect of the third embodiment, when the U-shaped notch and the key member portion are engaged, the first pin in substantially non-removable. In a further aspect of the first aspect of the third embodiment, the locking member through-bores are substantially aligned with adjacent arm apertures.
In a second aspect of the third embodiment, removal of the second pin disengages the U-shaped notch from the first pin key member portion, such that the first pin in removable from the associated apertures.
In a third aspect of the third embodiment, each locking member includes a top through-bore that joins the inner and outer surfaces; a nut member; and a bolt that extends through the top through-bore and an adjacent aperture of the attached arm, so as to slidingly secure the locking member to the respective arm. In a further aspect of the third aspect of the third embodiment, the nut member engages the inner surface of the associated arm.
In a fourth aspect of the third embodiment, the second pin engages a connection member of the patient support, so as to hingeably attach the connection member to the base structure. In a further aspect of the fourth aspect of the third embodiment, the weight of a patient on the patient support substantially blocks removal of the second pin. In another further aspect of the fourth aspect of the third embodiment, the weight substantially blocks removal of the first pin.
In a fourth embodiment, a method of using a fail-safe release apparatus with a patient positioning support apparatus having a patient support structure removably hingeably attached to a base structure by a removable connection pin, the patient positioning support apparatus having a connection subassembly, which in this specific example includes a pair of longitudinally aligned spaced arms, each of the arms having inner and outer sides and an array of apertures extending between the inner and outer sides, the apertures being spaced along a length of the respective arm, each aperture of a first of the arms being paired with an opposed aperture of a second of the arms, the paired apertures cooperating so as to enable receipt of a connection pin through both of the cooperating opposed apertures, the received connection pin having an orientation transverse to a longitudinal axis of each of the arms is provided; the method including providing a pair of arms, each arm having a locking member attached to an outer side thereof; providing a pair of connection pins; inserting a first of the pins through an uppermost aperture of each of the arms and a through-bore of a rotation subassembly, so as to attach the arms to the rotation subassembly; inserting a second of the pins in a lower pair of cooperating arm apertures, wherein one of the apertures is located on each arm; and matingly engaging a U-shaped notch in at least one of the locking members with a key member portion of the first pin, thereby substantially blocking removal of the first pin. It is foreseen that other types of connection subassemblies and rotation subassemblies known in the industry could be used in this application.
In a fifth embodiment, an improved patient positioning support apparatus having a base detachably attached at both ends thereof to connecting subassemblies and an elongate patient support structure detachably attached at both ends thereof to the connecting subassemblies is provided, the improvement including a first release mechanism for the base and connecting subassembly attachment and a second release mechanism for the patient support structure and connecting subassembly attachment; wherein the second release mechanism must be released before the first release mechanism can be released.
In a sixth embodiment, an improved patient positioning support apparatus having a base and an elongate patient support structure detachably attached at both ends thereof to the base, the patient support structure having right-side up and upside-down orientations relative to the base is provided, the improvement including a release mechanism for the base and the patient support structure end attachments; wherein when the patient support structure is in the right-side up orientation relative to the upside down orientation, the release mechanism is at least one of more difficult to be released or impossible to be released.
In a seventh embodiment, a patient support apparatus is provided, the patient support apparatus including a base with a pair of spaced opposed vertically telescoping upright end supports; an elongate patient support structure with a pair of independent and spaced opposed hinges, and the opposed hinges being directly activated and moved by a force so as to cause the patient support structure to angulate into various orientations relative to a head end portion and a foot end portion connected by the pair of opposed hinges of the patient support structure; a first connection subassembly connecting the head end portion of the patient support structure to one of the upright supports near a top thereof or somewhere along a length thereof; and a second connection subassembly connecting the foot end portion of the patient support structure to the other of the upright supports near a top thereof or somewhere along a length thereof; wherein at least one connection subassembly cooperates with the upright end supports and the patient support structure to provide pitch, roll and yaw therebetween; and the upright end supports, the connecting subassemblies and the patient support structure cooperate to provide for a length adjustment therebetween so as to maintain and keep constant a distance separating the upright end supports when the upright end supports are independently raised and lowered vertically and the patient support structure is angulated by synchronized movement of the hinges when the hinges are directly activated by the force. It if foreseen that at least one of the pitch, roll and yaw could be incorporated within at least one of the base and the elongate patient support structure.
Spaced opposed hinges or joints on the patient support structure or frame provide for better imaging, such as with a C-arm, better abdominal fall-out for reduced blood loss during surgery and improved patient ventilation and breathing when in a prone position during general anesthesia.
The drawings constitute a part of this specification and include exemplary embodiments of the present invention and illustrate various objects and features thereof.
As required, detailed embodiments of the present invention are disclosed herein; however, it is to be understood that the disclosed embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, which may be embodied in various forms. Therefore, specific structural and functional details disclosed herein are not to be interpreted as limiting, but merely as a basis for the claims and as a representative basis for teaching one skilled in the art to variously employ the present invention in virtually any appropriately detailed structure.
In order to facilitate an understanding of the disclosed invention, a number of term are defined below.
The term “roll” as used herein is a broad term, and is to be given its ordinary and customary meaning to a person of ordinary skill in the art (and it is not to limited to a special or customized meaning), and refers without limitation to rotation around a longitudinal axis, such as but not limited to revolving or turning over about, around or relative to a longitudinal axis. A longitudinal axis associated with roll may be referred to as a “roll axis” and is denote by the letter R, herein. In the accompanying FIGURES, rotational movement about a roll axis R is graphically denoted by a curved arrow, wherein the head of the arrow points toward the respective direction of the movement. By way of example, the exemplary patient positioning support apparati 4 and 5 shown in
The term “yaw” as used herein is a broad term, and is to be given its ordinary and customary meaning to a person of ordinary skill in the art (and it is not to be limited to a special or customized meaning), and refers without limitation to rotation around a vertical axis, such as but not limited to the twisting or oscillation around a vertical axis. A vertical axis associated with yaw may be referred to as a “yaw axis” and is denote by the letter Y, herein. In the accompanying FIGURES, rotational movement about a yaw axis Y is graphically denoted by a curved arrow, wherein the head of the arrow points toward the respective direction of the movement. For example, the yaw axis Y shown in
The term “pitch” as used herein is a broad term, and is to be given its ordinary and customary meaning to a person of ordinary skill in the art (and it is not to be limited to a special or customized meaning), and refers without limitation to revolving or turning around a lateral axis. A lateral axis associated with pitch may be referred to as a “pitch axis” and is denote by the letter P, herein. For example, the exemplary patient positioning support apparatus 4, shown in
The term “translation” as used herein is a broad term, and is to be given its ordinary and customary meaning to a person of ordinary skill in the art (and it is not to be limited to a special or customized meaning), and refers without limitation to movement that changes the position of an object, as opposed to rotation. Translation occurs relative to one or more of the roll, yaw and pitch axes, R, Y and P, respectively, and generally is graphically denoted by a straight arrow, wherein the head of the arrow points toward the respective direction of the movement. For example, upward and downward vertical translation is graphically denoted herein by a straight double-headed arrow running parallel to and placed adjacent to the vertical axis (e.g., V1 or V2) along which the movement occurs. It is foreseen that the translation (length adjustment or translation compensation requirement) can be located in at least one of the table base and the patient support structure. It can be in the form of a bearing block mechanism, telescoping mechanism, sliding mechanism or other appropriate structure configured to provide for an overall change in length between the upright support structures of the base for the patient support structure and the associated subassembly connection mechanisms, wherein the upright end supports do not move along the floor relative to each other.
Overview
Patient Positioning Support Apparati
Base Structure
The base structure 8 includes a base subassembly 12, or upright end support, at one or both of its head and foot ends 16, 18, respectively. If the base structure 8 includes a single base subassembly 12, it is attached to either the head or foot end 16 or 18 of the patient support structure 10, and the opposed end of the patient support structure 10 is either cantilevered or attached to some other structure, such as but not limited to a wall, in the surgical suite. If the base structure 8 includes two base subassemblies 12, the base subassemblies 12 are generally spaced apart so as to be joinable with the opposed ends of the patient support structure 10.
In some circumstances, the base 8 includes a cross-bar 13 that joins or connects the base subassemblies 12 together. The cross-bar 13 may be either a single, stationary connection piece (shown in
Again, telescoping cross-bars 13 may be either actively driven or passive, depending upon the configuration of a given patient positioning support apparatus. Actively driven telescoping cross-bars 13 generally include a driver, such as but not limited to a motor, that actively drives or controls the inward and outward telescoping movement of the cross-bar pieces, such as it known in the art. Passive telescoping cross-bars telescope in response to other movement in the patient positioning support apparatus, such as but not limited to angulation at a pitch axis Pn. It is foreseen that angulation at a pitch axis Pn may also be actively driven or passive, depending upon the configuration of a given patient positioning support apparatus, such as is discussed below in the section entitled “Patient Support Structure.”
Alternatively, the base 8 may not include a cross-bar. For example, the base subassemblies 12 may be stand alone structures, such as is shown in
Each of the base subassemblies 12 includes top and bottom ends, and a vertical axis V1 and V2, respectively. Such a vertical axis V may or may not be associated with a yaw axis Y. For example, in
Generally, a base subassembly 12 is either vertically stationary or vertically non-stationary, such as but not limited to telescoping. If the base subassembly 12 is vertically stationary, the top of base subassembly 12 cannot be raised and lowered. As a result, unless another portion of the patient positioning support apparatus 4, 5 includes a suitably adapted elevation subassembly, the height (e.g., relative to the floor) of an attached patient support structure end is generally unchangeable, or the height is set prior commencement of surgery and then stays the same throughout the surgical procedure.
On the other hand, if the base subassembly 12 is vertically movable, it generally includes an elevation subassembly adapted to actively drive vertical translation of the top of the base subassembly 12, with respect to the associated vertical axis V1 or V2. For example, the base subassemblies 12 shown in
Each base subassembly 12 is attached to an end of the patient support structure 10, such that vertical translation of the top of a given base subassembly 12 is associated with vertical translation of the attached end of the patient support structure 10 in substantially the same direction and distance as the top end of the particular base subassembly 12.
Each attachment between a base subassembly 12 and an end of the patient support structure 10 includes or is associated with a pitch axis Pn. In some circumstances, vertical translation of a base subassembly 12 is associated with rotation of the attached patient support structure 10 about the pitch axis Pn. Such changes in pitch, such as but not limited to when only one end of the patient support structure 10 is vertically translated or when both ends are vertically translated at different rates and/or in opposite directions, can generate a change in the pitch or rotation of the patient support structure 10 relative to this base subassembly 12. Thus, by moving one or both ends of the patient support structure 10 in a suitable direction relative to the associated elevation axes Vn, the patient support structure 10 can be moved between a plurality of positions, relative to the floor of the surgical suite, such as but not limited to a position parallel to the floor and various Trendelenburg and reverse Trendelenburg positions.
As noted above, some patient positioning support apparati (not shown) that find use with the present invention include only a single base subassembly 12 located at one end of the patient support structure 10. When there is a base subassembly 12 at only one end of the patient support structure, the opposed end is either cantilevered or attached to a wall or to another structure in the surgical suite. Further, some patient positioning support apparati include at least one interchangeable base subassembly 12 that can be swapped out with another base subassembly 12. For example, a non-telescoping base subassembly 12 may be substituted or exchanged with a telescoping base subassembly 12, and vice versa.
Some base subassemblies 12 include a rotation subassembly, generally 19, associated with a roll axis R, for rolling, tilting or rotating the patient support structure 10 relative to the roll axis R. Inclusion of a rotation subassembly 19 enables tilting the patient support structure 10 to either side of the roll axis R, or from side to side, a distance of up to approximately ±5°, ±10°, ±15° or ±20°. In some circumstances, the rotation subassembly 19 is adapted to roll the patient support structure 10 a distance of up to about ±180° and preferably up to approximately ±360° about the rotation axis R. Rolling at least ±180° enables turning a patient, on the patient support structure 10, over from a prone position to a supine position, and vice versa, and facilitates transfer of the patient to and from the patient support structure 10. This is useful for performing what is commonly known as a “sandwich and roll” procedure, which is described below. It is noted that, additionally or alternatively, all or part of the rotation subassembly 19 may be incorporated into at least one of the connection subassembly 11 and the patient support structure 10, as well as in the base upright subassembly or subassemblies.
Patient Support Structure
The patient support structure 10 is sized, shaped and configured to support a patient on the patient positioning support apparatus 4, 5. Accordingly, the patient support structure 10 is attached to at least one base subassembly 12 by an intervening connection subassembly 11. The patient support structure 10 is selected from a variety of structures known in the art, such as but not limited to an open patient support frame, a closed surgical table top, an imaging table top, and an orthopedic trauma or fracture table top, which may be interchangeable with one another.
The patient support structure 10 generally includes an attachment structure at one or both ends, for attachment to the connection subassembly 11. An exemplary connection subassembly-patient support structure attachment is shown in
The bracket 20 is sized, shaped and configured enable at least some movement of the patient support structure 10 relative to the base structure 8. In particular, the bracket 20 includes a transverse rectangular through-slot 20b that slidingly engages the pin 26. As shown in
It is foreseen that the attachment between the patient support structure 10 and the connection subassembly 11 may include an angulation structure that enables angulation about an associated yaw axis Y. For example, with reference to
Some patient support structures (not shown) include a single non-breaking portion engaging both of the connection subassemblies 11. Such “fixed” frame or patient support structures cannot angulate or bend.
Other patient support structures 10, such as but not limited to those shown in
In some circumstances, the two portions, of the patient support structure 10, are joined together at their inboard ends by an angulation structure, such as is known in the art. For example, the head and foot end portions 10b and 10c are joined together by a pair of hinges 21 associated with the central pitch axis P3. The hinges 21, depending upon the configuration of the patient positioning support apparatus 4, 5, may be either actively driven or passive. Actively driven hinges 21 are generally driven by an actuation device or driver, such as but not limited to a motor (not shown). On the other hand, passive angulation of the hinges 21 generally occurs due to at least one of angulation and translation of other portions of the patient positioning support apparatus 4, 5, such as but not limited to the outboard ends of the patient support structure 10. In still other circumstances, the head and foot portions 10b and 10c are disconnected, or not joined, at their inboard ends (not shown), such that angulation at the pitch axis P3 occurs passively, in response to actively driven angulation at their outboard ends, such as about axes P1 and P2. In this case, the connection subassemblies use some type of cantilever lifting mechanism to move the hinges.
It is known that angulation of the patient support structure 10 at the central pitch axis P3 modifies the distance between the outboard ends of the patient support structure 10. Accordingly, patient positioning support apparati 4, 5 that include an angulatable patient support structure 10 generally also include at least one translation subassembly (not shown), or translation compensation subassembly, to compensate for such distance changes and to prevent stretching the patient's body. For example, translation compensation can be provided by a telescoping base cross-bar 13 that moves the base subassemblies 12 parallel to the roll axis R, depending upon the direction and amount of angulation about the central pitch axis P3. In another example, shown in
Connection Subassembly
The connection subassembly 11 reversibly joins, attaches or secures the patient support structure 10 with the base structure 8, at one or both outboard ends of the patient support structure 10. For example, the patient positioning support apparati 4, shown in
It is noted that the structure of the fail-safe release mechanism 1 described herein is adapted to cooperate with the structure of the exemplary connection subassembly 11. Again, it is foreseen that other patient positioning support apparati may have alternatively configured connection subassemblies 11, like that described above. Accordingly, in such circumstances, the fail-safe release mechanism 1 is configured to function cooperatively with the alternatively configured connection subassembly 11, so as to perform the functions of the first and second interlock portions described herein.
The configuration of the connection subassembly 11 depends upon the configuration of the patient positioning support apparatus 4, 5 with which it is to cooperatively function.
Each connection subassembly 11 is sized, shaped, arranged and configured to cooperate with the attached base and patient support structures 8, 10, so as to provide for, allow or enable changes in the pitch, roll and yaw of the patient support structure 10 relative to the base structure 8. Again, such a connection subassembly 11 may be non-removable, partially removable or wholly removable. In some circumstances, at least a portion of at least one additional connection subassembly 11 is addable to the assembly 4, 5.
The exemplary connection subassembly 11 includes a pair of longitudinally aligned, downwardly extending arms 22 that are spaced a distance suitably for being reversibly attached to, secured to, or engaged with at least one of the base structure 8 and the patient support subassembly 10. For example, at their upper ends 23, the arms 22 are reversibly joined to a rotator member 24 by a connection pin 26. At their lower ends, the arms 22 are reversibly joinable with, or form a reversible attachment with, the patient support structure 10 by another connection pin 26.
At their lower ends, the arms 22 may also be joined by an intervening portion, such as a metal bar or spacer 25, so as to form a substantially rigid, frame-like structure. However, this may not be the case in other connection subassembly configurations. It is foreseen that the rotation subassembly 19, of some patient positioning support apparati 4, 5 may include at least part of the connection subassembly 11 or vice versa.
Referring now to
Each aperture 32 of a first of the arms 22 is axially aligned with an opposed aperture 32 of a second of the arms 22, so as to form pairs of opposed apertures 32′. For example, as shown in
Either prior to or during a surgical procedure, a second pair of arms 22 can be attached to the rotator 24 at points P and P′(see
A second patient support structure 10′ is useful for a variety of procedures. For example, a second patient support structure 10′ may be used to perform a “sandwich and roll” procedure, so as to transfer a patient from a bed to a surgical table while simultaneously moving the patient from a supine position to a prone position on the surgical table. During a sandwich and roll procedure, the connection subassembly 11 is rotate approximately ±180° at the roll axis R, such that the second patient support structure 10′ is placed in placed in the lower position and is right-side up, and the first patient support structure 10 is placed in the upper position and is upside-down. It is foreseen that alternative connection structures can be attached to the connection subassembly 11, to attach the second patient support structure 10′ to the patient positioning support apparatus 4, 5.
In another example, the second patient support structure 10′ is an imaging table top attached to the patient positioning support apparatus 4, 5 before or during a surgical procedure, so as to take an X-ray image of the patient.
Each of the patient support structures 10, 10′ are disconnectable or detachable from the base structure 8. This detachment is accomplished in two steps. In a first step, the pins 26 joining the patient support structure to connection subassemblies 11 (e.g., at the head and foot ends 16, 18 of the patient support structure 10, 10′) are removed. The released patient support structure 10, 10′ may then be placed aside. In a second step, the pins 26 joining the head and foot end connection subassemblies 11 with the respective base subassemblies 12 are removed. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, the arms 22 are disconnected from the rotator members 24.
Improper pin 26 removal, due to worker error, can lead to patient injury. Namely, it is well known that operating rooms are busy places and operating room staff may be rushed. Under such working conditions, the pins 26 can appear or look very similar. If the staff person disconnecting the pins 26 does not stop and pay attention to what they are doing, they may accidentally remove the pins 26 in the wrong order, thereby causing an upper patient support structure 10 or 10′ to collapse onto a patient on a lower patient support structure 10′ or 10. To prevent this problem, existing patient positioning support apparati, such as but not limited to apparati 4 and 5, can be retrofitted with a fail-safe release mechanism 1 of the present invention, which is described in the section entitled “Fail-Safe Release Mechanism.” Such retrofitting includes converting the attachment between the base subassembly 12 (e.g., the rotator member 24) and the connection subassembly 11 (e.g., the arms 22) to a first interlock portion, and converting the attachment between the connection subassembly 11 (e.g., arms 22) and the patient support structure 10 to a second interlock. The first and second interlock portions, which form the interlock of the fail-safe release mechanism 1, are described below.
Newly manufactured patient positioning support apparati, whether or not they have a structure the same or similar to the exemplary apparati 4 and 5, can be fabricated so as to include the first and second interlock portions of the fail-safe release mechanism 1, thereby not requiring retrofitting.
Numerous configurations of the patient positioning support apparatus 4, 5 are foreseen. Additional suitable surgical tables for use in conjunction with aspects of the preferred embodiments are disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,152,261, 7,343,635, 7,565,708 and 7,739,762, and U.S. Publication Nos. 2009-0282614, 2011-0107517, 2011-0099716, 2011-017516, and 2012-0023672, all of which are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.
Fail-Safe Release Mechanism
As noted above, the attachments between the base 8 and the connection subassemblies 11 and between the connection subassemblies 11 and the patient support structure 10 can be adapted or converted to include a fail-safe release mechanism 1 of the present invention, such as but not limited to as described below. Similarly, newly manufactured patient positioning support structures can be manufactured so as to include fail-safe release mechanism 1 of the present invention, and therefore not require such conversion. It is noted that
Referring now to
The first interlock portion includes an attachment between the base structure 8, the connection subassembly 11 and an upper key member 38, wherein the pin 36 seen in
The first and second interlock portions cooperate with one another such that, when the second interlock portion is in an actuated configuration, the first interlock part ion substantially cannot be placed or moved to a de-actuated configuration. For example, formation or maintenance of the second attachment substantially blocks disassembly of the first attachment. In another example, with reference to an exemplary patient positioning support apparati 4, 5, when the connection pins 34, 36 are replaced with key members 38, the lower key member 38 substantially blocks removal of the upper key member 38.
In some embodiments, the first and second interlock portions are fabricated, either wholly or in part, of mechanical structures and are mechanically linked, or interconnected, so as to enable cooperation therebetween, so that actuation of the second interlock portion substantially blocks de-actuation of the first interlock portion. Further, in some embodiments, the first interlock portion is reversibly actuatable when the second interlock portion is de-actuated, such as, for example, the lower key member 38 substantially blocking removal of the upper key member 38, described above and in greater detail below.
In some embodiments, the first and second interlock portions are electronically synched so that actuation of the second interlock portion substantially blocks de-actuation of the first interlock portion. Further, in some embodiments, de-actuation of the second interlock portion enables, or allows, reversible actuation of the first interlock portion. In these embodiments, one or both of the first and second interlock portions are fabricated at least partially of electronic components, such as but not limited to electronic switches, controllers and actuators.
It is foreseen that in certain embodiments, one or more mechanical structures of the fail-safe release mechanism 1 or of the patient positioning support apparatus 4, 5 is replaceable with a functionally equivalent electronic component. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the first and second interlock portions are a hybrid of mechanical and electronic components that are interconnected, linked or synchronized with each other.
Each of the first and se as interlock portions includes at least one of an attachment structure, a locking structure and an actuation structure.
As used herein, the term “attachment structure” refers to a structure that participates in formation of an attachment between two or more structures or elements of the patient positioning support apparatus 4, 5. Exemplary attachment structures include but are not limited to rods, pins, bolts, latches, through-bores and apertures in one or more of the base structure 8, the connection subassembly 11 and the patient support structure 10. It is foreseen that, in some embodiments, an electronic attachment structure is substitutable for a mechanical attachment structure. Attachment structures can be “robotic” in nature and pre-programmed to work in some applications.
As used herein, the term “locking structure” refers to a multi-part assembly or structure comprised of lock and key portions, structures or members that engage and cooperate with one another to perform a locking function. A locking structure is a mechanical or electronic structure or component that contributes to the functional locking of at least one of the first and second interlock portions. For example, in some circumstances, a through-bore and a rod received therethrough are lock and key portions, respectively.
As used herein, the term “actuation structure” refers to any structure of the fail-safe release mechanism 1 that is useable to actuate one or both of the first and second interlock portions.
Referring now to
As is most easily seen in
At its upper end 52, each locking member 40 includes a cut-out portion 56 with a substantially planar face 57. As is most easily seen in
An oblong through-bore 64 is located in the cut-out portion 56 and joins the inner and outer surfaces 48, 50 of the locking member 40. Though the exemplary oblong through-bore 64 of the illustrated embodiment is ovular in shape, other oblong or non-oblong shapes are foreseen, such as but not limited to circular, rectangular, and rectangular with rounded corners. The oblong through-bore 64 is spaced downwardly from the U-shaped notch 58 a distance sufficient to enable insertion of a bolt 42 therethrough. The bolt 42 is also inserted through an attached arm aperture 32 that is located adjacent to the oblong through-bore 64. In the illustrated embodiment, the aperture 32 that receives the bolt 42 is adjacent to and spaced downwardly from the top-most aperture 32. At the arm inner side 28, the bolt 42 is cooperatively engaged by or attached to a nut member 44, so as to slidingly secure the locking member 40 to the respective arm 22. As shown in
In the illustrated embodiment, a bushing 68 spaces the head 70 of the bolt 42 a distance D1 from the surface 72 of the cut-out portion 56, wherein D1 is substantially equal to T1. Since D1 is substantially equal to T1, upward and downward sliding of the locking member with respect to the arm outer surface 30 is enabled. In particular, the locking member 40 is slidable between first and second positions, wherein the first position is associated with the locking member 40 being slid maximally downward with respect to the arm 22, and the second position is associated with the locking member 40 being slid maximally upward with respect to the arm 22. It is foreseen that, in some embodiments, the bolt 42 and the bushing 68 is inserted through another of the arm apertures 32. Further, in some embodiments, the oblong through-bore 64 is located farther downward on the locking member 40, such that one or more through-bores 74 is located between the oblong through-bore and the U-shaped notch 58. Alternatively, in some embodiments, no bushing 68 is included.
At least one through bore 74 is spaced downwardly from the oblong through-bore 64, said through-bores 74 being referred to herein as “lower through-bores” 74. In the illustrated embodiment, a plurality of lower through-bores 74 are spaced substantially evenly along the length of the locking member 40. It is foreseen that, in some embodiments, at least some of the lower through-bores 74 are unevenly spaced. The lower through-bores 74 are substantially alignable with adjacent apertures 32 of the respective attached arm 22. Since the locking member 40 is movable between the first and second positions, the lower through-bores 74 can be moved between non-aligned and aligned positions with respect to the adjacent apertures 32. In particular, when the locking member 40 is in the first position, such as is shown in
It is noted that the U-shaped notch is size, shaped and located such that when the locking member 40 is in the first position, a key member 38 or locking rod, is insertable, or receivable, through the uppermost arm aperture 32, while at the same time the lower through-bores 74 and the associated apertures 32 are substantially misaligned (see
The body 80 includes at least one key notch portion 62, and preferably at least two key notch portions 62. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, a key notch portion 62 is located at each of the body first and second ends 82, 84. As shown in
Each key notch portion 62 is generally cylindrical in shape, with a circular cross-section and chamfered ends 88. The key notch portions 62 have a reduced diameter relative to a diameter of the body 80. The chamfers 88 provide a substantially smooth transition between the diameter of the key notch portions 62 and the diameter of the body 80.
Adjacent to the second end key notch portion 62, is a key ring portion 90. The key ring portion 90 includes another chamfer 91 joining it with an adjacent narrowed portion 92 of the body 80. When the key member 38 is pushed through an adjacent lower through-bore 74 and aperture 32 that are misaligned (e.g., the locking member 40 is in the first position), the chamfer 91 engages the locking member 40, pushing or urging the locking member 40 upward until the through-bore 74 and the aperture 32 become axially aligned (see
Urging the locking member 40 upward causes the U-shaped notch 58 to engage the key notch portion 62 of the upper key member 38 (see
It is noted that, with respect to the lower key member 38, shown in
Furthermore, with respect to the upper key member 38 shown in
Referring again to
If a patient is on the patient support structure 10 when the lower key member 38 is pulled through the through-bore 74, a downward force caused by the weight of the patient on the patient support structure 10 cooperates with the attention portion 92 to render removal of the lower key member 38 from the fail-safe assembly 1 substantially difficult to nearly impossible. Accordingly, the weight of the patient on the patient support structure 10 cooperates with the attention portion 92 to substantially block removal of the lower key member 38 from the fail-safe release mechanism 1, which in turn substantially blocks removal of the upper key member 38 due to the associated engagement of at least one upper key member portion 62 with a U-shaped notch 58, such as is most easily seen in
Referring to
Referring to
The set pin 98 is spring loaded and engages the blade member rear end 110, so as to urge the blade member 96 into the second orientation. The blade member 96 is manually pivotable by the operator to the first orientation so that the key member 38 can be removed from the fail-safe assembly 1.
Alternative configurations of the fail-safe release assembly 1 of the present invention are foreseen. In particular, one or more of the mechanical structures of the fail-safe release assembly 1 may be replaced with a combination of mechanical and electronic structures, or may be moved, either in whole or in part to other portions of the patient positioning support apparatus. Additionally, two or more of the structures of these foreseen alternatively configured fail-safe release assemblies 1 be mechanically linked, electronically synched, or a combination thereof. Numerous variations are foreseen.
Methods of Use
In another embodiment, a method of using the fail-safe release mechanism 1 of the present invention is provided. As discussed above, the fail-safe release mechanism 1 can be used to retrofit existing patient positioning support apparati 4, 5. Alternatively, new patient positioning support apparati can be fabricated such that they include the fail-safe release mechanism 1, including an interlock with first and second interlock portions, wherein the first and second interlock portions cooperate with each other, whereby actuation of the second interlock portion substantially blocks de-actuation of the first interlock portion. It is foreseen that the first and second interlock portions may be electronically synched, mechanically engaged, or a combination thereof.
To retrofit an existing patient positioning support apparatus 4, 5 with a fail-safe release mechanism 1, the locking members 40 are first attached to the connection subassembly arms 22. Each arm 22 is slidingly engaged with a locking member 40 so as to engagingly receive a locking member foot portion 111 at its lower end 112. Then, the aperture 32 second from the top of the arm 22 is substantially aligned with an adjacent oblong through-bore 64. A bolt 42 is inserted through a bushing 68, which are then inserted together through the aligned oblong through-bore 64 and aperture 32. The bolt 42 is rotatably engaged with, or attached to, a nut member 44 on the arm inner side 28. In some circumstances, a washer 114 spaces the bolt head 70 from the bushing 68, such that the bolt 42 and nut member 44 can be tightened, or snugged up, but sufficient space remains for the locking member cut-out portion 56 to slide between the washer 114 and the arm outer side 30.
After the locking member 40 and the arm 22 have been slidingly attached to one another, the lower through-bores 74 and adjacent apertures 22, also referred to herein as bore-aperture pairs 120, have aligned and misaligned configurations. When the bore-aperture pair 120 are in the misaligned configuration, the locking member 40 is downwardly located with respect to the arm 22, and in the first position described above with respect to
The arms 22 are then attached to the rotator member 24 in an orientation such that the attached locking members 40 are located at the arm outer sides 30, such as is shown in
After the arms 22 have been attached to the rotator member 40, the lower key member 38 is insertable through any of the remaining lower bore-aperture pairs 120. In some circumstances, the patient support structure 10 is also attached to the arms 22 during attachment of the lower key member 38 to the fail-safe release mechanism 1, whereby the patient support structure 10 is attached to the connection subassembly 11, and whereby the connection subassembly-to-patient support structure attachment is formed.
Referring now to
Then, as the key lower member 38 is pushed through the left-hand bore-aperture pair 120 (e.g., the second interlock portion is fully engaged), the chamfer 91 and the key ring portion 90 urge the left-hand locking member 40 upward with respect to the attached arm 32 (e.g., into the second position). The ring member 90 maintains the position of the left-hand locking member 40 such that the bore-aperture pair 120 remains in an aligned configuration. Similar to as was described with respect to the right-hand locking member 40, the left-hand locking member U-shaped notch 58 lockingly engages the key notch portion 62 of the prior installed upper key member 38, whereby the first interlock portion is fully engaged.
With reference to
In contrast, with respect to the upper key member 38, due to the reduced thickness T1 of the locking members 40 associated with the cut-out portions 56, both of the key notch portions 62 of the upper key member 38 are engageable by the U-shaped notches 58 of the respective right-hand and left-hand locking members 40. This configuration ensures that when the lower key member 38 is inserted into the fail-safe assembly 1, the upper key member 38 is substantially locked in place and therefore substantially non-removable. Accordingly, actuation of the second interlock portion, which in this exemplary embodiment is defined by the lower bore-aperture pairs 120, 120′ and the lower key member 38, substantially block de-actuation of the first interlock portion, which in this exemplary embodiment is defined by the U-shaped notches 58 and the upper key member 38.
To disassemble the patient support structure 10 from the base structure 8, the installation steps are simply reversed. In the illustrated embodiment, the second interlock portion is first de-actuated by removing the lower key member 38, with concomitant removal of the patient support structure 10 from the connection subassembly 11. Then, the first interlock portion is de-actuated by removing the upper key member 38, such that the arms 22, with the attached locking members 40, are detached from the rotator member 24. It is not necessary to remove the locking members 40 from the arms 22. Subsequent to the first installation, the locking members 40 are generally left attached to the arms 22. However, the locking members 40 are removable from the arms 22, such as for cleaning, replacement, and the like.
All numbers expressing quantities, measurements, and so forth used in the specification and claims are to be understood as being modified in all instances by the term “about.” Accordingly, unless indicated to the contrary, the numerical parameters set forth in the specification and attached claims are approximations that can vary depending upon the desired properties sought to be obtained by the present invention. At the very least, and not as an attempt to limit the application of the doctrine of equivalents to the scope of the claims, each numerical parameter should be construed in light of the number of significant digits and ordinary rounding approaches.
All references cited herein, including but not limited to published and unpublished applications, patents and literature references are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety and are hereby made a part of this specification. To the extend that publications, patents or patent applications incorporated by reference contradict the disclosure contained in the specification, the specification is intended to supersede and/or take precedence over any such contradictory material.
It is to be understood that while certain forms of the present invention have been illustrated and described herein, it is not to be limited to the specific forms or arrangement of parts described and shown.
This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/849,072, filed Dec. 20, 2017, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/234,209, filed Aug. 11, 2016, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,877,883, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/507,618, filed Jul. 13, 2012, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,561,145, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/633,215, which was filed on Feb. 7, 2012 and entitled “Fail-Safe Apparatus For Use With Patient Positioning Support Systems.” These applications are expressly incorporated herein by reference, in their entireties.
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| Second Amended Complaint For Patent Infringement, For Correction Of Inventorship, For Breach Of A Non-Disclosure And Confidentiality Agreement, And For Misappropriation Of Dr. Jackson's Right Of Publicity, Jackson v. Mizuho Orthopedic Sys., Inc., No. 4:12-CV-01031 (W.D. Mo. Jan. 28, 2013). |
| Defendant Mizuho Orthopedic Systems, Inc.'s Answer To Second Amended Complaint And Counterclaims, Jackson v. Mizuho Orthopedic Sys., Inc., No. 4:12-CV-01031 (W.D. Mo. Feb. 19, 2013). |
| Defendant Mizuho Osi's Invalidity Contentions Pursuant To The Parties' Joint Scheduling Order, Jackson v. Mizuho Orthopedic Sys., Inc., No. 4:12-CV-01031 (W.D. Mo. Feb. 22, 2013). |
| Plaintiff Roger P. Jackson, MD's, Reply To Second Counterclaims, Jackson v. Mizuho Orthopedic Sys., Inc., No. 4:12-CV-01031 (W.D, Mo. Mar. 12, 2013). |
| Roger P. Jackson, MD's Disclosure Of Proposed Terms To Be Construed, Jackson v. Mizuho Orthopedic Sys., Inc., No. 4:12-CV-01031 (W.D. Mo. Apr. 5, 2013). |
| Defendant Mizuho Orthopedic Systems, Inc.'s Disclosure of Proposed Terms and Claim Elements for Construction, Jackson v. Mizuho Orthopedic Sys., Inc., No. 4:12-CV-01031 (W.D. Mo. Apr. 5, 2013). |
| Mizuho Orthopedic Systems, Inc.'s Disclosure Of Proposed Claim Constructions And Extrinsic Evidence, Jackson v. Mizuho Orthopedic Sys., Inc., No. 4:12-CV-01031 (W.D. Mo. May 13, 2013). |
| Plaintiff Roger P. Jackson, MD's Disclosure Of Preliminary Proposed Claim Constructions, Jackson v. Mizuho Orthopedic Sys., Inc., No. 4:12-CV-01031 (W.D. Mo. May 13, 2013). |
| Defendant Mizuho Osi's Amended Invalidity Contentions Pursuant To The Parties' Joint Scheduling Order, Jackson v. Mizuho Orthopedic Sys., Inc., No. 4:12-CV-01031 (W.D. Mo. May 15, 2013). |
| Joint Claim Construction Chart And Joint Prehearing Statement, Jackson v. Mizuho Orthopedic Sys., Inc., No. 4:12-CV-01031 (W.D. Mo. Jun. 7, 2013). |
| Defendant Mizuho Orthopedic Systems, Inc.'s Objections And Responses To Plaintiff's First Set Of Interrogatories, Jackson v. Mizuho Orthopedic Sys., Inc., No. 4:12-CV-01031 (W.D. Mo. Jun. 24, 2013). |
| Defendant Mizuho Orthopedic Systems, Inc.'s Opening Claim Construction Brief, Jackson v. Mizuho Orthopedic Sys., Inc., No. 4:12-CV-01031 (W.D. Mo. Jul. 31, 2013). |
| Plaintiff Roger P. Jackson, MD's Opening Claim Construction Brief, Jackson v. Mizuho Orthopedic Sys., Inc., No. 4:12-CV-01031 (W.D. Mo. Jul. 31, 2013). |
| Appendix A Amended Infringement Contentions Claim Chart For Mizuho's Axis System Compared To U.S. Pat. No. 7,565,708, Jackson v. Mizuho Orthopedic Sys., Inc., No. 4:12-CV-01031 (W.D. Mo. Aug. 12, 2013). |
| Appendix B Amended Infringement Contentions Claim Chart For Mizuho's Axis System Compared To U.S. Pat. No. 8,060,960, Jackson v. Mizubo Orthopedic Sys., Inc., No. 4:12-CV-01031 (W.D. Mo. Aug. 12, 2013). |
| Appendix C Amended Infringement Contentions Claim Chart For Mizuho's Proaxis System Compared To U.S. Pat. No. 7,565,708, Jackson v. Mizuho Orthopedic Sys., Inc., No. 4:12-CV-01031 (W.D. Mo. Aug. 12, 2013). |
| Appendix D Amended Infringement Contentions Claim Chart For Mizuho's Proaxis System Compared To U.S. Pat. No. 8,060,960, Jackson v. Mizuho Orthopedic Sys., Inc., No. 4:12-CV-01031 (W.D. Mo. Aug. 12, 2013). |
| Plaintiff Roger P. Jackson, MD's Responsive Claim Construction Brief, Jackson v. Mizuho Orthopedic Sys., Inc., No. 4:12-CV-01031 (W.D. Mo. Aug. 16, 2013). |
| Defendant Mizuho Orthopedic Systems, Inc's Brief In Response To Plaintiff's Opening Claim Construction Brief, Jackson v. Mizuho Orthopedic Sys., Inc., No. 4:12-CV-01031 (W.D. Mo. Aug. 16, 2013). |
| Plaintiff Roger P. Jackson, Md's Suggestions In Support Of His Motion To Strike Exhibit A Of Mizuho's Opening Claim Construction Brief, Jackson v. Mizuho Orthopedic Sys., Inc., No. 4:12-CV-01031 (WD. Mo. Aug. 16, 2013). |
| Defendant Mizuho Orthopedic Systems, Inc.'s Opposition To Plaintiff's Motion To Strike, Jackson v. Mizuho Orthopedic Sys., Inc., No. 4:12-CV-01031 (W.D. Mo. Sep. 3, 2013). |
| Transcript of Claim Construction Hearing, Jackson v. Mizuho Orthopedic Sys., Inc., No. 4:12-CV-01031 (W.D. Mo. Oct. 11, 2013). |
| Plaintiff Roger P. Jackson, MD's Claim Construction Presentation for U.S. District Judge Nanette K. Laughrey, Jackson v. Mizuho Orthopedic Sys., Inc., No. 4:12-CV-01031 (W.D. Mo. Oct. 11, 2013). |
| Mizuho's Claim Construction Argument, Jackson v. Mizubo Orthopedic Sys., Inc., No. 4:12-CV-01031 (W.D. Mo. Oct. 11, 2013). |
| Order, Jackson v. Mizuho Orthopedic Sys., Inc., No. 4:12-CV-01031 (W.D. Mo. Apr. 4, 2014). |
| Brochure of OSI on Modular Table System 90D, pp. 1-15, date of first publication: Unknown. |
| Pages from website http://www.schaerermayfieldusa.com, pp. 1-5, date of first publication: Unknown. |
| European Search Report, EP11798501.0, dated Mar. 30, 2015. |
| Canadian Office Action, CA2803110, dated Mar. 5, 2015. |
| Chinese Office Action, CN 201180039162.0, dated Jan. 19, 2015. |
| Japanese Office Action, JP 2014-142074, dated Jun. 18, 2015. |
| Japanese Office Action, JP 2014-132463, dated Jun. 18, 2015. |
| Quayle Action, U.S. Appl. No. 14/792,216, dated Sep. 9, 2015. |
| Australian Patent Examination Report No. 2, AU2014200274, dated Oct. 9, 2015. |
| European Examination Report, EP11798501.0, dated Nov. 12, 2015. |
| Japanese Final Rejection (English version), JP 2014-142074, dated Dec. 6, 2015. |
| International Search Report and Written Opinion of the International Searching Authority, PCT/US2015/039400, dated Dec. 7, 2015. 13 pages. |
| Japancsc Office Action, JP 2016-041088, dated Apr. 12, 2016. |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20230056895 A1 | Feb 2023 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 61633215 | Feb 2012 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 15849072 | Dec 2017 | US |
| Child | 17901999 | US | |
| Parent | 15234209 | Aug 2016 | US |
| Child | 15849072 | US | |
| Parent | 13507618 | Jul 2012 | US |
| Child | 15234209 | US |
